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Explanation Text Ujian Praktek

Cancer is the name for diseases where abnormal cells grow out of control. Cancer starts when cells start growing abnormally and do not die when they should. Cancer cells can invade other tissues and spread throughout the body in a process called metastasis. Different cancers behave differently and require different treatments. While lifestyle changes can reduce cancer risks, screening tests are also important for early detection when treatment chances are best.

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95 views

Explanation Text Ujian Praktek

Cancer is the name for diseases where abnormal cells grow out of control. Cancer starts when cells start growing abnormally and do not die when they should. Cancer cells can invade other tissues and spread throughout the body in a process called metastasis. Different cancers behave differently and require different treatments. While lifestyle changes can reduce cancer risks, screening tests are also important for early detection when treatment chances are best.

Uploaded by

jane nizar rahman
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name :Jane Nizar Rahman

Class :XII.IA.3
Cancer
Cancer is the general name for a group of more than 100 diseases. Although there are many kinds
of cancer, all cancers start because abnormal cells grow out of control. Untreated cancers can
cause serious illness and death.
The body is made up of trillions of living cells. Normal body cells grow, divide, and die in an
orderly fashion. During the early years of a persons life, normal cells divide faster to allow the
person to grow. After the person becomes an adult, most cells divide only to replace worn-out or
dying cells or to repair injuries.
Cancer starts when cells in a part of the body start to grow out of control. Cancer cell growth is
different from normal cell growth. Instead of dying, cancer cells continue to grow and form new,
abnormal cells. Cancer cells can also invade (grow into) other tissues, something that normal
cells cannot do. Growing out of control and invading other tissues are what makes a cell a cancer
cell.
Cells become cancer cells because of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) damage. DNA is in every
cell and it directs all the cells actions. In a normal cell, when DNA gets damaged the cell either
repairs the damage or the cell dies. In cancer cells, the damaged DNA is not repaired, and the cell
doesnt die like it should. Instead, the cell goes on making new cells that the body doesnt need.
These new cells all have the same abnormal DNA as the first cell does.
In most cases, the cancer cells form a tumor. Some cancers, like leukemia, rarely form tumors.
Instead, these cancer cells involve the blood and blood-forming organs and circulate through
other tissues where they grow.
Cancer cells often travel to other parts of the body where they begin to grow and form new
tumors. This happens when the cancer cells get into the bodys bloodstream or lymph vessels.
Over time, the tumors replace normal tissue. The process of cancer spreading is called
metastasis.
Different types of cancer can behave very differently. For instance, lung cancer and skin cancer
are very different diseases. They grow at different rates and respond to different treatments. This
is why people with cancer need treatment that is aimed at their kind of cancer.
Half of all men and one-third of all women in the US will develop cancer during their lifetimes.
Today, millions of people are living with cancer or have had cancer. The risk of developing many
types of cancer can be reduced by changes in a persons lifestyle, for example, by staying away
from tobacco, limiting time in the sun, being physically active, and healthy eating.
There are also screening tests that can be done for some types of cancers so they can be found as
early as possible while they are small and before they have spread. In general, the earlier a
cancer is found and treated, the better the chances are for living for many years.

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