19 Speed PDF
19 Speed PDF
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The Induction motor is loaded by using the DC machine. The DC motor is coupled to the induction motor shaft. When
the supply is given to the DC machine, it gets energized and tries rotates in opposite direction to the Induction motor.
Due to this the Induction motor gets loaded and its speed reduces. The DC machine which is acting as the load to
Induction motor is controlled by a switch, for which a potentiometer is connected in series for varying the speed of the
DC machine, so that the Induction motor gets loaded and its speed also varies. The load torque of the Induction motor
is calculated by using the formula,
P 1.019 10 60
T=
gm cm
2 N
Where,
P=V*I Watt
N=Speed of Induction motor in rpm
V=Supply Voltage in Volts
I=Supply current in mA
The current is sensed by the current sensor (WCS2702) and with the help of in-built ADC of Microcontroller the
current is measured. The voltage is also measured by the Microcontroller using in-built ADC.
V. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Hysteresis (Asymmetrical) PWM strategy is carried by considering the reference signal, where the output torque signal
is compared with the reference signal and error signal is generated. Based on this error signal and by using the relay,
gating pulses are generated and fed to the AC chopper switches to produce corresponding chopped voltage and current
as shown in figure 8.
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Starting time
PWM
Voltage
Current
Hysteresis(asymmetrical)
PWM
Voltage
Current
Above 40 seconds
Fundamental(50hz)- 291.5
THD-33.10%
Fundamental(50hz)- 0.5091
THD-47.12%
Fundamental(50hz)-309.8
THD-4.08%
Fundamental(50hz)-.4473
THD-5.79%
The asymmetrical PWM method is used in hardware model. The motor is made to run at set speed by giving the
instructions through the microcontroller with the help of keys. For the set speed of 550 rpm, the chopped output voltage
of the AC chopper which is given to the motor at loaded condition is shown in figure 10.
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IL (A)
0.0056
0.0058
0.0059
Vb (V)
1.04
1.22
1.33
P(W)
0.005824
0.007076
0.007847
Load Torque(gm-cm)
1.13343
1.25190
1.27261
The above table shows the load torque values applied to the motor at different set speed.
VI.CONCLUSION
Generally for the speed control of induction motor drives inverters are used, but in this project AC chopper is
implemented to control the speed of single phase induction motor. By implementing the Asymmetrical PWM method
the load with stand capacity of the motor can be improved and the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in motor output
current will be reduced when compared to other traditional PWM techniques.
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
SPACE VECTOR PWM-DTC STRATEGY FOR SINGLE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR CONTROL, ELECTRIC MACHINES AND DRIVES
[6] NABIL A. AHMED, KENJI AMEI, AND MASAAKI SAKUI, A NEW CONFIGURATION OF SINGLE-PHASE SYMMETRICAL PWM AC
CHOPPER VOLTAGE CONTROLLER IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS , VOL. 46, NO. 5, PP.942-952, OCTOBER 1999.
[7] M.M.R. Ahmed and M. Soliman, Speed Control of AC Series Motor Using AC Chopper Voltage Control IEEE Electrical Power & Energy
Conference, 2010 IEEE
[8] GYU-HA CHOE, ALAN K, AND WALLACE AN IMPROVED PWM TECHNIQUE FOR AC C HOPPERS IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER
ELECTRONICS, VOL. 4, NO. 4. PP.496-504, OCTOBER 1989
[9] CYRIL G. VEINOTT, JOSEPH E. MARTIN, FRACTIONAL AND SUBFRACTIONAL HORSEPOWER ELECTRIC MOTORS,FOURTH EDITION, TATA
MCGRAW-H ILL I NTERNATIONAL EDITIONS, ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SERIES.
[10] JACK ROSENBLATT, M. HAROLD FRIEDMAN, D IRECT AND ALTERNATING CURRENT MACHINERY, INDIAN EDITION(2ND EDITION), CBS
PUBLISHERS & D ISTRIBUTORS.
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