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    Forces and Pressure: Pascal'S Principle

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    Susan Ling
    Pascal's principle states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid. [1] Pressure acts in all directions in a liquid, and any external pressure applied is transmitted equally throughout the liquid and to any walls containing it. [2] Applications of Pascal's principle include hydraulic brakes and jacks, where a small force applied over a large surface area can be amplified to create a much larger force over a smaller surface area.

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    Forces and Pressure: Pascal'S Principle

    Uploaded by

    Susan Ling
    284 views32 pages
    Pascal's principle states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid. [1] Pressure acts in all directions in a liquid, and any external pressure applied is transmitted equally throughout the liquid and to any walls containing it. [2] Applications of Pascal's principle include hydraulic brakes and jacks, where a small force applied over a large surface area can be amplified to create a much larger force over a smaller surface area.

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    Pascal's Principle 1

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    Pascal's principle states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid. [1] Pressure acts in all directions in a liquid, and any external pressure applied is transmitted equally throughout the liquid and to any walls containing it. [2] Applications of Pascal's principle include hydraulic brakes and jacks, where a small force applied over a large surface area can be amplified to create a much larger force over a smaller surface area.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    284 views32 pages

    Forces and Pressure: Pascal'S Principle

    Uploaded by

    Susan Ling
    Pascal's principle states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid. [1] Pressure acts in all directions in a liquid, and any external pressure applied is transmitted equally throughout the liquid and to any walls containing it. [2] Applications of Pascal's principle include hydraulic brakes and jacks, where a small force applied over a large surface area can be amplified to create a much larger force over a smaller surface area.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 32

    CHAPTER 3:

    FORCES AND PRESSURE

    PASCAL’S PRINCIPLE
    Recall
    • Pressure act on a solid object:
    Pressure = Normal force
    area
    P = F/A

    • Pressure at any point in liquid acts in all


    directions. Also increases with depth and
    affected by gravitational force
    P  hg
    What is this??
    Do you believe or not
    that I can raise
    an Elephant?
    YES!!! We can raise up
    an elephant.
    Pascal’s principle

    Stated that an external pressure applied


    to an enclosed fluid transmitted
    equally to every part of the fluid, as
    well as to the enclosed wall
    ACTIVITY
    I want eat egg..

    Cannot !!! It is a
    raw egg..
    What happened if wrap your palm around the
    raw egg and try to crush it ??
    What happened if we
    change the raw egg to
    the cooked egg?
    Isn’t the same answer?
    Explanation
    When we wrap palm around a raw
    egg and press it, it will not crush.

    This is because inside the egg is


    liquid. When we wrap and press the
    egg, the pressure is transmitted
    throughout the liquid.

    Pressure acts in all directions


    DEMONSTRATION
    TIME
    As the pressure is transmitted equally,
    P1 = P2
    Output Force = Output Piston area
    Input Force Input Piston area
    F2 A2

    F1 A1

    F1 F 2

    A1 A2

    F 1 A2
    Therefore, F2 
    A1
    Because the volume of fluid pushed down
    on the left side equals the volume of fluid
    that is lifted up on the right side, the
    following formula is also true.
    V1 = V2
    by substitution,
    A1 D 1 = A 2 D2
    A = cross sectional area
    D = the distance moved
    Applications of Pascal’s
    principle

    Hydraulic brake
    Hydraulic jack
    Hydraulic jack
    Hydraulic brake
    Problem Solving
    Example 1:

    In hydraulic brake, a force of 80 N is applied to a


    piston with area of 4 cm².
    a. What is the pressure transmitted throughout
    the liquid?

    b. If the piston at the wheel cylinder has an area


    of 8 cm², what is the force exerted on it?
    Solution

    (a) P = F/A
    = 80 N/4 cm²
    = 20 N/ cm²

    b) F = P x A
    = 20 N/cm² x 8 cm²
    = 160 N
    Example 2:

    The figure shows a 10 N weight balancing a X N


    weight placed on a bigger syringe. What is the
    value of X ?
    Solution:

    F1 F 2

    A1 A2

    10 N / 1.5 cm² = X N / 4.5 cm²

    Therefore
    X = (10 / 1.5) x 4.5

    = 30 N
    PASCAL’S
    PRINCIPLE

    Describe that Example


    Pressure
    -Hydraulic
    Is transmitted equally in brake
    every part of a liquid in
    an Hydraulic System -Hydraulic
    jack
    Enclosed Related to
    fluid Two connected piston
    With formula

    P1 =P2

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