2) United States Patent Jaidka US006715668B2 US 6,715,668 B2 Apr. 6, 2004 a0) Patent No.: (45) Date of Patent: Ga) (75) 3) © @ Gy (2) (58) 66) 220’ 310 340 FUSION WELDED LIQUEFIABLE, AS Inventor: idk, Yamunanagar (IN) Assigace: Indian Sugar and General Engineering Corp., Haryana (IN) Notice: Subject o any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 31 days. Appl. No. 10/176,603 Filed: Jun. 24, 2002 Prior Publication Data US 200210170684 A1 Dec. 5, 2002 Related U.S. Application Data Divison of application No, 08/543,568, fled on Apr. 5 20M, now Pal No. 6,499,646, B23K 31/02; F17C 1/00 228/184; 62/45.1; 220/560.06 228/155, 104, . 141.1, 184; 29/800.14, 513, 200560.04-560.15, 581-592; 20610.6, 0.7; 219/59.1, 60 R, 60.2, 61; 62/45.1-54.3, References Cited USS, PATENT DOCUMENTS. 653461 A * 4/1972. Andersson 165/169 to 150 C a R76KO% A * 10/1973 Dale eto 220/S60.05 ‘$000,826 A * 1/1977 Rogers 220585, 4956975 A * 919% Gustafson 6250.7 SI23S73 A * 6/1992 Kucherer 2201305 5.676512 A * 10/1997 Diamond ct a. 41314 5.104513 A * 1/1908 Diamond eta. 22019 795 A * 6/1998 Nishimura eta 220590 5797522 A * 8/1998 Evans ct al. 2a464.4 5.954239 A * 9/1990 Evans eta 2m2id6a.d ‘6019252 A * 22000 Beneeke et a. 22295 6974S BL * 3/2001 Ward et al “20/103 + 3/2001 Ottman et al 429122 6,499,646 BL * 122002 Iaidka 228/108 2002)0179684 AL * 122002 Iaidka OTHER PUBLICATIONS sing Drawing No. 181 of Ton Container DOT 106 ‘The Chlorine Institute, Ine. * cited by examiner Primary Examiner—Kiley Stoner (74) Aitorney, Agent, or Firm—Arent Fox Kintoer Plotkin & Kahn, PLLC 67 A liquetiable gas pressure cylinder and method for making the same with the cylinder including « eylindrical shell, and heads fusion welded at opposites ends of the shell. The side tends where the heads are joined to the shell are crimped radially inward to each end to form chimes. The welds are 100% radiographed and heat treated, The heads are dished to have @ domed center portion which has a profile and thickness so that the domed center portions will reverse before any other part of the cylinder is stressed beyond a yield limit for sueh part ABSTRACT 5 Claims, 4 Drawing Sheets too 150 200 330 320 332 310 aie lozU.S. Patent Apr. 6, 2004 Sheet 1 of 4 US 6,715,668 B2 150 “Yee Fig.1 100 mm ° 2i2 210 2i2 104 150 ¢ Iso C 220 310 340 310U.S. Patent Apr. 6, 2004 Sheet 2 of 4 US 6,715,668 B2U.S. Patent Apr. 6, 2004 Sheet 3 of 4 US 6,715,668 B2U.S. Patent Apr. 6, 2004 Sheet 4 of 4 US 6,715,668 B2 FIG. 4US 6,715,668 B2 1 FUSION WELDED LIQUEFIABLE GAS CYLINDER WITH OVERPRESSURE, PROTECTION HEADS AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME ‘This is a Division of application Ser. No. 09/543,568 filed Apr. 5, 2000, now US. Pat. No. 6,499,646. ‘The disclosure of the prior application(s) is hereby incorporated by reference herein in ils entirety BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION ‘The present invention relates fo pressure vessels, and more particulary, to pressure vessels for the safe transpor- lation of low pressure liquetiable gases up to 1000 Kes. ‘capacity, Cylindrical vessels having circumferential welded joints have been known for the transport of liquefiable gases. ‘These joints were prepared by a forged welding process. Further, n0 radiography on those joints was carried out, Without radiography of each joint, the extent of bonding in the circumferential weld joints was not known: Consequently, the safety of the cylinders was suspect Conventionally in the drum art, a chime isan integral part of the drum which can extend radially outwardly from its lateral surface. Ofien used for rolling the drum, chimes can also be provided at the ends of the drum for “handling” by ‘cranes. Additionally, a chime can be considered to extend axially of a drum or pressure vessel. When used in conjune- tion with a lifting bar, such a pressure vessel or drum cam be moved by a crane, OBIECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION ‘The present invention is particularly suitable for the transport of low pressure liquefiable gases, such as chlorine, sulphur dioxide, ammonia etc. In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent ia the known types of liqueliable gas pressure cylinder now present in the prior art, the present invention provides a Liquefiable gas pressure cylinder wherein the same is arranged to have overpressure protection built-in for assueed safety. This is enabled by the design of the heads and by the particular method and manner of construction of the eylin- der. ‘As such, the general purpose of the present invention, “which will be described subsequently in greater detail, is to provide a new and improved liquefiable yas pressure ¢ylin- ‘der which has all the advantages of the prior att liquefiable gas pressure cylinder and none of the disadvantages, ‘To attain this, the present invention provides a liquefiable gas pressure cylinder comprising: a shell; and heads Fusion Welded at opposites ends of the shell; wherein side ends ‘where the heads are joined to the shell are crimped radially inward to each end to form chimes. ‘The liquefiable gas pressure cylinder as above can have the shell be a straight cylinder having a single longitudinal welded seam defining the eylinder body and opposite axial ‘end portions; the heads be circular each having a domed ‘center portion ancl flanged periphery the flanged periphery having a cylinder portion surrounding the domed center portion and a radially extending edge portion, an outer {diameter of the cylinder portion being equal to an internal {diameter of the shell so that when the heads are mounted into the shell with the domed center portion extending axially inwaedly, the cylinder portion being press-fitted into the end portions of the shel. 0 as os ss 4s ss 6s 2 ‘The liquefiable gas pressure cylinder as above can have a gap defined between each the end axial edge of the end portions ofthe shell and a side face ofthe radially extending edge portion of the head; the end axial edge of the shell be beveled ata first angle to a radius of the shel; the side face of the radially extending edge portion of the head be ‘machined to have a sharper radius and a corresponding face bevel of at a second angle; and an overlap of the shell with the cylinder portion of the head form a lap joint configura- tion with the gap, the shell and the heads being joined by fusion welding in the gap. ‘The liqueflable gas pressure cylinder as above can have the heads be provided with at least one tapped hole at a radius distance from a center of the domed portion; and the cylinder further comprise a fusible plug screwed into each the tapped hole. ‘The liquefiable gas pressure cylinder as above can have the heads be provided with two additional holes which are also tapped; and the cylinder further comprise valves with siphoa pipes attached installed in the additional holes. ‘The liquefiable gas pressure cylinder as above can have the heads have a profile and thickness so that the domed center portions will reverse before any other part of the cylinder is stressed beyond a yield limit for such part ‘Another aspect of the invention resides in a method of ‘making a liquefiable gas pressure cylinder comprising the steps of: forming a cylindrical shell including a cylinder body and end portions; forming two heads, each head having ‘a domed center portion and a flanged periphery, the Hanged periphery having a cylinder portion surrounding the domed center portion and a radially extending edge portion, an outer diameter of the eylinder portion being equal t an internal diameter of the shell; press-fiting the two heads at ‘opposite ends of the shell with the domed center portion extending axially inwardly, and the cylinder portion being fitted into the end portions of the shell; cold forming the end portions and the Hanged periphery radially inwardly; and fusion welding the end portions and the flanged periphery together. ‘The method as above can further comprise radiographing, all welds ‘The method as above can further comprise heat treating the welded the end portions and the flanged periphery. ‘The method as above can further include wherein the cold forming results in a radially inwaedly directed bend to the extent of atleast 1 inch from straight cylindrical diameters as measured before bending, ‘The method as above can further comprise prior 10 forming the heads, determining a profile and thickness so that the domed center portions will reverse before any otber part of the cylinder is stressed beyond a yield limit for such part ‘The welded, radiographed and chimed ends of the present invention are unique because this design ensures that the stresses in the circumferential weld joints are very low. In the event of accidental over pressure or fall from a truck, if pressure exceeds eight times the working pressure, the container will not burst. One of the dished end will reverse outwardly and interoal pressure of the container will come down, which ensures built in safety. ‘The fusion welding construction of the circumferential joints ensures complete fusion welding between shell and dished end which is verified through radiography. By pro- totype test followed by finite element analysis and strain gauge testing it has been proved (in case of ISGEC