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    Cations PPM As Caco3 Anions PPM

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    kpranjal15
    The document provides water quality parameters for an input water and after a cold lime softening process. Key parameters include turbidity of 1.25 NTU, TSS of 1.25 ppm, pH of 6.89, and total hardness of 1742.9167 ppm as CaCO3. After treatment, pH increases to 11 and total hardness decreases to 2451.4583 ppm as CaCO3. Precipitates include CaCO3, MgSiO3, and MgCO3.

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    Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cations PPM As Caco3 Anions PPM

    Uploaded by

    kpranjal15
    94 views9 pages
    The document provides water quality parameters for an input water and after a cold lime softening process. Key parameters include turbidity of 1.25 NTU, TSS of 1.25 ppm, pH of 6.89, and total hardness of 1742.9167 ppm as CaCO3. After treatment, pH increases to 11 and total hardness decreases to 2451.4583 ppm as CaCO3. Precipitates include CaCO3, MgSiO3, and MgCO3.

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    Lime

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    The document provides water quality parameters for an input water and after a cold lime softening process. Key parameters include turbidity of 1.25 NTU, TSS of 1.25 ppm, pH of 6.89, and total hardness of 1742.9167 ppm as CaCO3. After treatment, pH increases to 11 and total hardness decreases to 2451.4583 ppm as CaCO3. Precipitates include CaCO3, MgSiO3, and MgCO3.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xlsx, pdf, or txt
    94 views9 pages

    Cations PPM As Caco3 Anions PPM

    Uploaded by

    kpranjal15
    The document provides water quality parameters for an input water and after a cold lime softening process. Key parameters include turbidity of 1.25 NTU, TSS of 1.25 ppm, pH of 6.89, and total hardness of 1742.9167 ppm as CaCO3. After treatment, pH increases to 11 and total hardness decreases to 2451.4583 ppm as CaCO3. Precipitates include CaCO3, MgSiO3, and MgCO3.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xlsx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Turbidity 1.

    25 NTU
    TSS 1.25 ppm
    Colour 12.5 hazen
    pH 6.89
    collidal silica 1.7 ppm

    Cations ppm as CaCO3 Anions ppm


    Ca 317 792.5 CO3-- 1.7
    Mg 228.1 950.41667 HCO3- 142.74
    Na 321.6 699.13043 Chlorides 1229
    Potassium 0 0 Nitartes as NO3- 67.3
    Copper as Cu++ 0 0 Sulphate as So4-- 500
    Iron as Fe++ 0 0
    Iron as Ferric 0 0 Reactive Silica 73
    Zn++ 0 0 MO Alkalinity
    Total hanrdess 1742.9167 PH Alkalinity
    Calculated TDS 2807.44 Total alkalinity
    TDS (Given) 2880
    Free CO2 10 0.9090909

    Ca Alkalinity 117
    Mg Alkalinity 0
    Na Alkalinity 0
    Ca Non-Carbonate Hardness 675.5
    Mg Non-carbonate Hardness 950.41667
    Total Non- Carbonate Hardness 1625.9167

    After Cold Lime Process


    pH=11 ppm as CaCO3 ppm
    Ca 805.54167 CO3-- 1.7
    Mg** 1645.9167 HCO3- 0
    Na 321.6 699.13043 Chlorides 1229
    Potassium 0 0 Nitartes as NO3- 67.3
    Copper as Cu++ 0 0 Sulphate as So4-- 500
    Iron as Fe++ 0 0 MO Alkalinity 0
    Iron as Ferric 0.1 0.2686246 PH Alkalinity 0
    Zn++ 0 0 Causticity
    Total hanrdess 0 2451.4583 Total alkalinity
    Reactive Silica 73 60.833333
    Calculated TDS 2119.7
    Free CO2 0 0.9090909
    ** section 53 - Mg & causticity

    Ca Alkalinity 55
    Mg Alkalinity 0
    Na Alkalinity 0
    Ca Non-Carbonate Hardness 750.54167
    Mg Non-carbonate Hardness 1645.9167
    Total Non- Carbonate Hardness 1625.9167
    as CaCO3 Cations Eq. Wt. Anions Eq. Wt.
    2.8333333 Ca 20 CO3-- 30
    117 Mg 12 HCO3- 61
    1735.8757 Na 23 Chlorides 35.4
    54.274194 Potassium 39 Nitartes as NO3- 62
    260.41667 Copper as 31.75 Sulphate as So4-- 96
    Iron as Fe+ 27.92 Reactive Silica 60
    60.833333 Iron as Ferr18.613333 MO Alkalinity
    117 Zn++ 32.695 PH Alkalinity
    0 CO2 11
    117

    as CaCO3
    5

    1735.8757
    54.274194
    260.41667
    0
    5
    50
    55
    CTBT Waste water
    Name Feed Feed
    Flow 650 630 1280.0
    NH4 0 0 0.0
    K 0 0 0.0
    Na 98.46 551.76 321.6
    Mg 48.62 413.3 228.1
    Ca 120.24 521.04 317.5
    Sr 0 0 0.0
    Ba 0 0 0.0
    CO3 2.48 0.85 1.7
    HCO3 244.02 36.6 141.9
    NO3 12.4 124.01 67.3
    Cl 177.27 2314.17 1229.0
    F 0 1.9 0.9
    SO4 240 768 499.9
    SiO2 100 45 72.9
    Boron 0 0 0.0
    CO2 2.89 0.32 1.6
    TDS 1043.51 4776.66 2880.9
    pH 8 8 8.0

    Stage 1 - Reaction with dissolved CO2


    CO2 + Ca(OH)2 = CaCO3 + H2O
    44 + 74 = 100 + 18
    10 + 17 = 22.73 + 4.09

    Stage 2 - Reaction with bicarbonates


    Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 = 2CaCO3 + 2H2O
    162 + 74 = 200 + 36
    438.3 + 200.2 = 541.1 + 97.4

    Mg(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 = CaCO3 + H2O + MgCO3


    146 + 74 = 100 + 18 + 84
    306.6 + 155.4 = 210.0 + 37.8 + 176.4

    Stage 3 - Reaction with magnesium carbonate


    MgCO3 + Ca(OH)2 = CaCO3 + Mg(OH)2
    84 + 74 = 100 + 58
    176.4 + 155.4 = 210.0 + 121.8
    50.1 56.8 42.1 + 72.5
    Mg(OH)2 + SiO2 = MgSiO3 + H2O
    58 + 60 = 100 + 18
    121.8 + 126.0 = 210.0 + 37.8
    72.5 + 75.0 = 125.0 + 22.5 back calculation

    In this stage pH varies between 10.5 - 11.5.

    CaCO3 ppt 815.9 ppm


    MgSiO3 ppt 125.0 ppm
    MgCO3 ppt 17.6 ppm
    Ca(OH)2 consum 429.3 ppm

    Ca removed as CaCO3 235.805177442 94.322071


    Mg removed as CaCO3 146.000935939 35.040225
    Parameter Value
    jh 7.75
    Total dissolved solids 2880 ppm
    Calcium hardness 792.5 ppm as CaCO3 317
    Magnesium hardness 950.41667 ppm as CaCO3 Ca
    Mg
    Sodium 321.6 ppm C
    Total alkalinity 117 ppm as CaCO3 O2
    Bicarbonates (as CaCO3) 117 ppm as CaCO3 CaCO3
    Carbonates( as CaCO3) 0 ppm as CaCO3 MgCO3
    Chlorides 1229 ppm Na
    Sulfates 500 ppm CO3
    Silica 73 ppm HCO3
    CO2 10 ppm Cl2
    Temporary Hardness 117 ppm as CaCO3 SO4
    Permanent hardness 1625.9167 ppm as CaCO3 SiO2
    Na Alkalinity NIL CO2
    Total hardness 1742.9167 ppm as CaCO3

    1st reaction:
    CO2 + Ca(OH)2 =
    Mole. Wt. 44 74
    Stoichiometric 10 17

    2nd Reaction:
    Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 =
    Molecular weight 162 74
    Stoichiometric 1283.85 586.45

    Mg(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 =
    Molecular weight 146 74
    Stoichiometric 1387.6083 703.308333

    3rd Reaction:
    MgCO3 + Ca(OH)2 =
    Molecular weight 84 74
    Stoichiometric 798.35 703.308333

    Mg(OH)2 + SiO2 =
    Molecular weight 58 60
    Stoichiometric 551.24167 570.25

    At the end of the 3rd stage:


    Lime Required 2010 ppm as CaCO3 627.0841
    CaCO3 precipitated 1924 ppm as CaCO3 600.1509
    MgSiO3 precipitated 950 ppm as CaCO3 296.53
    Mg(OH)2 551 ppm as CaCO3 171.9874

    AT this point, 2P=M

    Ca as CaCO3 10
    Mg as CaCO3 855.375

    Parameter Value
    PH 7.75
    Total dissolved solids 190 ppm 234.295 ppm
    Calcium hardness 10 ppm as CaCO3 4 ppm
    Magnesium hardness(10% redn.) 855.375 ppm as CaCO3 205.29 ppm
    Total hardness 865.375 ppm as CaCO3 ppm
    Sodium 9 ppm 4.14 ppm
    Total alkalinity ppm as CaCO3 ppm
    Bicarbonates (as CaCO3) 0 ppm as CaCO3 0 ppm
    Carbonates( as CaCO3) 0 ppm as CaCO3 0 ppm
    Chlorides 29 ppm as CaCO3 10.295 ppm
    Sulfates 8 ppm as CaCO3 5.12 ppm
    Silica 7.5 ppm as CaCO3 3.45 ppm
    CO2 5 ppm as CaCO3 2 ppm
    Temporary Hardness 0 ppm as CaCO3
    Permanent hardness 865.375 ppm as CaCO3
    Na Alkalinity NIL

    Total Dissolved solids 228.845


    H 1
    He 2
    Li 3
    Be 4
    Mol. Wt. B 5
    40 C 6
    24 N 7
    12 O 8
    32 F 9
    100 Ne 10
    84 Na 11
    23 Mg 12
    60 Al 13
    61 Si 14
    35.5 P 15
    48 S 16
    46 Cl 17
    44 Ar 18
    K 19
    Ca 20
    Sc 21
    Cr 22
    Na 23
    Fe 24

    CaCO3 + H2O
    100 18
    23 4

    2CaCO3 + 2H2O
    200 36
    1585 285.3

    CaCO3 + H2O + MgCO3


    100 18 84
    950.416667 171.075 798.35

    CaCO3 + Mg(OH)2
    100 58
    950.416667 551.24167

    MgSiO3 + H2O
    100 18
    950.416667 171.075

    Kgs/day
    Kgs/day
    Kgs/day
    Kgs/day

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