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    L04 - Christmas Trees

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    U Kyaw Kyaw Naing
    X'mas TREES are a stack of valves installed on a subsea wellhead to provide a controllable interface between the well and the production facilities. Well flow control by means of TREE VALVES and / or a tree-mounted choke valve. - Providing an electrical interface for down hole instrumentation, electric submersible pumps etc.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    L04 - Christmas Trees

    Uploaded by

    U Kyaw Kyaw Naing
    4K views31 pages
    X'mas TREES are a stack of valves installed on a subsea wellhead to provide a controllable interface between the well and the production facilities. Well flow control by means of TREE VALVES and / or a tree-mounted choke valve. - Providing an electrical interface for down hole instrumentation, electric submersible pumps etc.

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    L04 - CHRISTMAS TREES

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    X'mas TREES are a stack of valves installed on a subsea wellhead to provide a controllable interface between the well and the production facilities. Well flow control by means of TREE VALVES and / or a tree-mounted choke valve. - Providing an electrical interface for down hole instrumentation, electric submersible pumps etc.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4K views31 pages

    L04 - Christmas Trees

    Uploaded by

    U Kyaw Kyaw Naing
    X'mas TREES are a stack of valves installed on a subsea wellhead to provide a controllable interface between the well and the production facilities. Well flow control by means of TREE VALVES and / or a tree-mounted choke valve. - Providing an electrical interface for down hole instrumentation, electric submersible pumps etc.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 31

    L4 - X’MAS TREES

    • X’MAS TREES
    - DUAL BORE TREES
    - HORIZONTAL (SPOOL) TREES
    - VALVES & ACTUATORS
    - DEEPWATER TREES
    - ALL ELECTRIC TREE
    - DRILL THRU SPOOL TREE
    18 ¾” HP wellhead housing

    Wellhead to casing hanger


    Metal Seal assembly
    Bypass Area 7” casing hanger – For Glenelg the
    tubing hanger is at this elevation
    and replaces the 7” casing hanger
    Wellhead to casing hanger
    Metal Seal assembly 10 3/4” casing hanger

    Passive Pre-loaded 13 3/8” casing hanger


    lockdown system
    Wellhead to casing hanger
    Metal Seal assembly

    High strength load shoulder

    H-4 Vetco
    Profile
    10 3/4” casing

    13 3/8” casing TYPICAL


    20” casing SUBSEA
    30” conductor WELLHEAD
    A Annulus Cameron
    B Annulus Profile
    C Annulus
    SUBSEA X’MAS TREE FUNCTIONS
    • Basically a stack of valves installed on a subsea wellhead to provide a controllable interface
    between the well and the production facilities.

    • Specific functions of a subsea Christmas tree :

    – Sealing the wellhead from the environment by means of the tree connector

    – Sealing the production bore and annulus from the environment

    – Providing a controlled flow path from the production tubing, through the tree to the
    production flow line. Well flow control by means of tree valves and/or a tree-mounted
    choke valve.

    – Providing access to the well bore via tree caps and/or swab valves.

    – Providing access to the annulus for well control, pressure monitoring, gas lift, etc.

    – Providing a hydraulic interface for the down hole safety valve.

    – Providing an electrical interface for down hole instrumentation, electric submersible


    pumps etc.

    – Providing structural support for flow line and control umbilical interface.
    Conventional Dual Bore Tree Horizontal / Spool Tree

    VALVES -
    PRODUCTION
    • Master Control
    Valve
    • Wing Valve
    • Swab Valve or
    Plug
    VALVES –
    ANNULUS
    • Control 5 1/2, 7”
    or 9 5/8
    Tubing
    * Wing Valve
    • Swab Valve
    CROSSOVER
    5 1/2 Tubing
    VALVE
    2” Tubing

    TREE VALVES
    FAIL SAFE HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR

    Gate Valve Slide Bore with Gate in open


    position
    Valve stem moved by hydraulic
    fluid

    Actuator Spring compressed

    If hydraulic pressure is lost to the actuator (by design, activated by the


    control system OR if in an emergency the umbilical is cut) then the spring
    returns the valve to a safe closed position
    Dual Bore X’Tree
    • Designed to allow vertical access to the main production bore and to
    the annulus bore during installation and workover operations.

    • When a dual bore subsea Christmas tree is connected to a subsea


    wellhead it must interface with the tubing hanger previously
    installed in the wellhead. The tubing hanger and tree must be
    correctly orientated so that the production and annulus bores are
    properly aligned and sealed.

    • Accomplished by interaction of a pin and helix between the tubing


    hanger running tool and the BOP
    DUAL BORE TREE

    SUBSEA X’MAS TREE MANUFACTURERS


    • COOPER CAMERON
    • FMC KONGSBERG
    • VETCO GREY
    • KVAERNER NATIONAL
    • DRILQUIP
    X’MAS TREE SCHEMATIC WITH CONTROL SYSTEM

    Note all control functions pass through


    the Tree Cap. With Tree Cap removed
    the control functions can be taken over
    by a drilling rig.
    DUAL BORE X’MAS TREES

    OSENBERG Tree DRIL QUIP Showing Protection frame


    Horizontal X’Trees
    • “Side valve tree” or SpoolTree™.

    • Most obvious distinction from the dual bore tree: the production
    and annulus bores branch horizontally out of the side of the tree
    body /valves on a horizontal axis.

    • No production or annulus swab valves. Access to the well bore


    by removing the internal tree cap, or a wireline plug within the
    internal tree cap.

    • Other distinguishing features of the horizontal tree:

    1. the tubing hanger is installed in the tree itself, rather than in the
    wellhead and
    2. the top of the tree is designed so the BOP may be landed onto the
    tree. This arrangement allows the tubing string to be recovered
    without first retrieving the tree.
    HORIZONTAL TREE
    5.5” TUBING WITH 4” PRODUCTION
    CHOKE & 2” GAS LIFT CHOKE

    KEY
    PWV = PRODUCTION WING VALVE
    XOV = CROSSOVER VALV
    PMV = PRODUCTION MASTER VALVE
    AAV = ANNULUS ACCESS VALVE
    AMV = ANNULUS MASTER VALVE
    AWV = ANNULUS WING VALVE
    SCSSV = DOWNHOLE SUBSURFACE SAFETY
    VALVE
    DHPTT = DOENHOLE P & T TRANSDUCERS
    CAMERON HORIZONTAL - SPOOL TREE
    TREE PROTECTION
    INSTALLATION USING GULDE WIRES

    Tree being run on Guide wires from Drilling Rig


    with Running Tool
    DEEPWATER
    GUIDELINELESS TREE
    CAMERON ALL ELECTRIC TREE

    1. ELECTRICALLY
    ACTUATED
    PRODUCTION GATE
    VALVE
    2. ELECTRICALLY
    ACTUATED ANNULUS
    GATE VALVE
    3. ELECTRICALLY
    OPERATED CHOKE
    4. ELECTRICALLY
    ACTUATED CHEMICAL
    INJECTION VALVE
    5. ELECTRIC SUBSEA
    CONTROL MODULE
    6. POWER REGULATION
    AND COMMUNICATIONS
    MODULE
    RUNNING WELLHEAD AND CEMENTING CASING

    Wellhead locked into housing


    INSTALLING THE X’MAS TREE

    Tree run in drill string using running tool


    INSTALLING THE X’MAS TREE

    Funnel down capture of tree on wellhead


    RUNNING BOP AND TESTING
    RUNNING BOP AND TESTING
    RUNNING BOP AND TESTING
    INSTALLING THE CASING

    Drill bit passing through BOP


    INSTALLING THE CASING

    Drill bit enters top of tree – see tree bore protected by liner
    INSTALLING THE CASING

    Drill to required depth and retrieve drill

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