CURRENT TRENDS

IN
MICRO CONTROLLERS

CR Sarma
Annmark Technologies
 TOPICS
• What Are Micro controllers
• What They Contain
• Varieties Of Micro controllers
• Programming Micro controllers
• Real Micro controllers
• Producers
• Features
• Applications
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 WHAT ARE

MICRO CONTROLLERS ?

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 MICRO CONTROLLERS
A Complete Microcomputer On Chip
Microprocessor-ROM-RAM & I/O

* RISC Processors Concept

Simplified The Decoder Design
More Room For Embedded Peripherals

* Microprocessors Clubbed With

Peripherals
Code & Data Memory
Timers/counters
UART(serial Ports)
ADC & DAC ,PWM
Variety Of Choices

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 What do the
Micro controllers contain ?

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 Micro controllers contain

ROM - MASK , OTP ,UVEPROM, FLASH

RAM - LOTS OF REGISTERS OR SOME RAM

32BYTES TO 1KBYTE
TIMERS/COUNTERS/CAPTURE TIMER
I/O PORTS
UART , SPI , ISP , I2C
BOOLEAN PROCESSORS
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 Micro controllers contain
VARIATIONS USING THE SAME CORE –
ETHERNET CONTROOLER
DTMF ENCODER/DECODERS
WIRELESS TRANSCIEVERS
HUMAN INTERFACE DEVICES
irDA ,
ENCRYPTION & DECRYPTION
FIRMWARE(DES)
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 FLASH ROMS
A BOON TO DEVELOPERS

UV-EPROMS ARE
SLOW IN ERASING
SUSCEPTIBLE TO OVER EXPOSURE
SLOW IN WRITING

ONE TIME PROGRAMMABLE ROMS

GOOD FOR PRODUCTION
NOT SUITABLE FOR DEVELOPMENT

FLASH ROMS
INSTANTANEOUS ERASURE
QUICK PROGRAMMABLITY
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VARIETIES OF
MICRO CONTROLLERS

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 Variety of Micro controllers
Mind Boggling Variety Of Micro controllers Are Available

* Automotive
Engine Control ,Transmission Control
Vehicle Id, eROADSIGNS, GPS
* Instrumentation
Data acquisition systems, T&M instruments
Portable test instruments, Smart sensors

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 Variety of Micro controllers
 ENTERTAINMENT
Audio /video compression
VCD players
Remote controllers
 SECURITY SYSTEMS
Smart cards , data security
Anti intruder systems

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 PROGRAMMING
THE
MICRO CONTROLLERS

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 In System Programming-1

• Programming any proms needs a Programmer

device (PD)
• Device needs to be physically removed from its
socket
• Addition of control circuits in chip replace need for
PD
• External Programming voltage is needed
• Address/data sent to device through interface

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 In System Programming-2
programming interface

MCU’S HAVE PROGRAMMER FIRMWARE IN ROM

INTERFACES USED FOR ISP

SPI- SERIAL PROGAMMING INTERFACE

data-in data-out reset clock

I2C- INTER IC INTERFACE

sdata sclock

RS 232
rx tx Annmark Technologies
 In System Programming-3
programming software

THE MCU SOURCE PROVIDES THE S/W

ALGORITHMS ARE IN DATA SHEETS FOR SELF

CODING

SPECIAL BIT SELECTS -

BOOT FROM RESET VECTOR
BOOT FROM FIRMWARE
ERASE IS THROUGH A DEDICATED PIN AND
RESET
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 In Application Programming-1

The CPU has read while write capability

Able to program or reprogram the Flash memory

block

SPI , UART or two wire interface are used

Programmable even while application code is

executing

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 In Application Programming-2

The flash memory is divided –

a boot and application code block

Made up of sectors containing 128 bytes

Small sector size reduces programming time-

for code patches, updates and changes

Lock bits protect code in both blocks avoiding -

unauthorised access
&
Accidental programming Annmark Technologies
 SOME REAL
MICRO CONTROLLERS

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 HITACHI SUPER H FAMILY
SuperHTM Family's Main Features
Upward compatibility
32-/64-bit RISC architecture
• Basic 5-stage RISC instruction pipeline
• Low-power consumption
• Very high-code density through fixed 16-
bit instruction length
• General purpose register bank (partly with
additional banked registers)
• Integrated MAC
• ...and more

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 ATMEL
AT90S1200 ISP SPI
IDEAL FOR PORTABLE APPLIANCE

8 BIT RISC CPU AT90S1200

32x8 GENERAL PURPOSE REGISTERS
1KB ISP FLASH ROM
64 BYTES EEPROM
PROGRAM LOCK – SPI INTERFACE
ONE 8 BIT TIME
VOLTAGE 2.7V TO 6.0V
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 ATMEL
AT90S4433 ISP SPI
IDEAL FOR PORTABLE DATA LOGGING APP.

8 BIT RISC CPU 28 PIN SLIM DIL

32x8 GENERAL PURPOSE REGISTERS
1KB ISP FLASH ROM
64 BYTES EEPROM
BUILT IN 4 CH ADC
PROGRAM LOCK – SPI INTERFACE
ONE 8 BIT TIME
VOLTAGE 2.7V TO 6.0V Annmark Technologies
 MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY
PIC 12 ,16 SERIES ISP SPI

PROGRAMMABLE INTERFACE CONTROLLER

GI ‘S BABY

PIC 12C508 SERIES ARE 8 PIN

MICROCONTROLLERS
OTP , WINDOW

PIC 16F84 18 PIN DEVICE

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 INTEL 8051
POINEER IN THE SERIES
THIS CORE IS USED BY MANY DESIGNERS

ATMEL , PHILIPS , CYGNAL , ,,,,,…. WITH VARIATIONS

CPU HARVARD ARCHITECTURE

4KB/8KB FLASH ROM
128/256 BYTE RAM
4 I/O PORTS
2/3 TIMERS-COUNTERS
1 UART
8 INTERRUPT LEVELS
ROM-MASK ,UVEPROM ,WITHOUT ,FLASH

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 ATMEL 89C51/52
GENERAL PURPOSE DEVICE

8051 CORE CPU HARVARD ARCHITECTURE

4KB/8KB FLASH ROM
128/256 BYTE RAM
4 I/O PORTS
2/3 TIMERS-COUNTERS
1 UART
8 INTERRUPT LEVELS

ADD A FEW COMPONENTS

AND
CUSTOMISE ANY SOLUTION
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 PHILIPS
89C51Rx+ ISP RS2323
32/64 KB ISP FLASH ROM + 1KB XRAM+256B IRAM
•4 I/O PORTS
•2/3 TIMERS-COUNTERS
•1 UART
•8 INTERRUPT LEVELS
•FIRMWARE FOR
IN SYSTEM PROGRAMMING
IN APPLICATION PROGRAMMING
•APPLICATIONS PDA –BILLING MC
AND
SELF UPDATING/CALIBRATING APPLIANCE
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 Cygnal Integrated Products-1
The C8051F006

Mixed-signal 8051 micro controller for smart

sensors
In-system programmable
25MIPS, pipelined
8 channel, 12 bit A/D converter with
programmable gain amplifier
Convert ordinary sensors into compact smart
sensors.
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 Cygnal Integrated Products-2
The C8051F006

32K bytes of on-board, programmable Flash and 2.25K RAM.

quickly modify or update software
- local data storage
- calibration constants
- serial numbers and look-up tables
JTAG-based debug circuitry on-chip.
TQFP 48-pin package
Mountable in the same enclosure with the sensor
Simplifies system architecture
Improves measurement accuracy and reliability. Annmark Technologies
 MITSUBISHI
MICON CORE CPU 740

• 600 MICROCONTROLLER DEVICES USE THIS

CORE
• 71 INSTRUCTIONS INCLUDING MUL & DIVIDE
• 64K LINEAR ADDRESS SPACE
• VARIOUS COMBOS OF PERI[PHERALS
AVAILABLE
• IN BUILT REAL TIME CLOCK
• POWER DOWN MODE ,ZERO CLOCK MODE
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 MITSUBISHI
7630 - Controller Area Network

• CPU CORE 7600

• 200NS INSTRUCTION CYCLE@ 10MHZ
• CAN 2.0B COMPLIANT -
EVENT DRIVEN APPLICATIONS
MAX. 625KB/S @ 10MHZ

• ADC 8-BIT RESOLUTION; EIGHT INPUTS

CONVERSION TIME 10.8µS @ 10MHZ
• TWO 16-BIT TIMERS

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 MITSUBISHI
7630 - Controller Area Network

•Three 8-bit timers

•Watchdog timer
•COUNTER: bi-phase/event-count
pulse width/period measurement
PWM output
• One UART
•35 programmable I/Os
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 MITSUBISHI
M37534 HUMAN INTERFACE DEVICE (HID)

CPU 8-BIT- 3MHZ (740 SERIES)

ROM 16K(OTP) RAM 384(OTP)
USB: 1.5MBPS (HID) BUILT-IN ANALOG
TRANSCIEVER
ADC:10-BIT X 8-CHANNELS
TIMERS 3 X 8-BIT
1 X UART (MUX-ED WITH USB)
KEY-ON WAKE UP
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 EPSON 32 BIT RISC MCU
S1C33240

CPU CORE : , 32-bit S1C33000.

•128KB FLASH ROM

•8KB RAM

•IN-CIRCUIT PROGRAMMING(ISP)

•40 MHZ CLOCK

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EPSON 32 BIT RISC MCU
S1C33240

8 channel ADC
128 DMA channels
4 x SIO with integrated irda
BCU unit with 256MB address space
X2 to x4 PLL circuit
Power save functionality.

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EPSON 32 BIT RISC MCU
S1C33240

Application:
Voice recognition (vre33)
Voice output (vox33)
Smartcard
Pcmcia interface (smt33)

Image compression (jpeg33)

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 FUJITSU
MB90F443G CAN CONTROLLERS
EXTERNAL BUS INTERFACE
10-BIT A/D CONVERTER,
DOUBLE UART
SERIAL I/O
4-CHANNEL PROGRAMMABLE PULSE GENERATOR
8-CHANNEL INPUT CAPTURE UNIT
4-CHANNEL OUTPUT COMPARE UNIT
2-CHANNEL 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER.
1MBIT OF ON-BOARD FLASH MEMORY.
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 FUJITSU
MB90F443G

IN SYSTEM PROGRAMMABLE

INTEGRATED AUTOMATIC PROGRAM

ALGORITHM

NO EXTERNAL PROGRAMMING VOLTAGE

FLASH ROM SECURITY IS PROVIDED

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 INFINEON TC1775
AUDO FAMILY

BASED ON INFINEONS IP-

TRICORE UNIFIED PROCESSOR
ARCHITECTURE
DESIGNED SPECIFICALLY FOR
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE CONTROL
AUTOMOTIVE TRANSMISSION CONTROL
32 BIT RISC ARCHITECTURE

PERIPHERAL CONTROL PROCESSOR

BUILT IN RISC PROCESSOR
OSEK COMPATIBLE
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 INFINEON TC1920
INFOTAINMENT MCU

DESIGNED FOR AUTOMOTIVE INFOTAINMENT

BASED ON THE 32 BIT TRICORE

FIRST SYSTEM-ON-CHIP SOLUTION COMBINING

A MICROCONTROLLER
A DSPROCESSOR
TELEMATICS-SPECIFIC PERIPHERALS
SPEECH PROCESSING AUDIO CODEC
CAN CONTROLLER
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 MAXIM
FLASH PROGRAMMABLE DAS

CPU CORE: 8051

TWO 8KB BANKS FLASH MEMORY 8-CHANNEL, 12-BIT
ADC
SINGLE-ENDED/DIFFERENTIALMEASUREMENTS
SEPARATE TRACK-AND-HOLDS

DUAL PWM DACS.

IDEAL FOR INTELLIGENT SENSORS
PORTABLE DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS
BATTERY-POWERED APPLICATIONS.
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 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS
MSP 430F123/123

CPU core: MSP430

MSP430F122/123 4 kb/8kb of flash memory
USART serial port
16-bit PWM timer
Analog comparator
22 digital I/O
Watchdog
28-pin footprint
Ideal for portable battery operated equipment
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 Motorola: 68HC908

Digital Addressable Lighting Interfaces DALI

An industry std. developed by major lighting manufacturers
A nonproprietary digital communications protocol
Allows communication between a controller and a lighting
fixture
uses include- adjusting street lighting,
-energy savings , -remote management.
CHIP SET master & node control

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 NEC
µPD78F0338
120-pin microcontroller with LCD controller/driver

LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER
VOLTAGE RANGE OF 1.8 TO 5.5 V
10-CHANNEL 10-BIT A/D CONVERTER
8-BIT D/A CONVERTER..
TWO 16-BIT AND THREE 8-BIT TIMERS/EVENT
COUNTERS
SERIAL INTERFACES (SIOS AND UART) –WATCH DOG
TIMER
70 I/O AND HARDWARE WATCHDOG.
2.5 KBYTES RAM - 60 KBYTES ROM
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 ZILOG
eZ80 Webserver (eZ80190).

Standard internet protocols

Direct connections to internet through a modem.
100 percent code compatible with z80 and z180
Internet development environment:
Single-chip connectivity solutions
IRDA,
ETHERNET
WIRELESS
VOIP Annmark Technologies
 ZILOG
Z86L972 /73/74
MICROCONTROLLERS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS

489 BYTES OF RAM 16KB OF ROM

FOUR-CHANNEL, 8-BIT A/DC

THREE ADVANCED COUNTER/TIMERS

LOW-COST APPLICATIONS
WIRELESS KEYBOARDS
INFRARED REMOTE CONTROL
BATTERY-OPERATED DEVICES
LOW-SPEED RF APPLICATIONS
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 XEMICS: XE88LC05
data acquisition system on a single chip

FLASH MEMORY,
16 + 10 BIT ZOOMING ADC +2 DAC’S –PGA
1000:1
INTEGRATED UART
APPLICATIONS -INDUSTRIAL PRESSURE
SENSORS
BAROMETERS
SOLID STATE COMPASSES
TEMPERATURE MONITORS.
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 STMicroelectronics
ST19SERIES- SECURE SMART CARD MCUS

96K BYTES OF USER ROM

34K BYTES OF USER EEPROM
4K BYTES OF USER RAM.
1,088-BIT MODULAR ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR (MAP)
PUBLIC KEY CRYPTO GRAPHY
ISO 14443-B-COMPLIANT RF INTERFACE
- CONTACTLESS OPERATION.
BUILT-IN DES ACCELERATOR
FIRMWARE FUNCTIONS
SQUARING- EXPONENTIATION
RSA AND DSA SIGNATURE AND VERIFICATION

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 Atmel megaAVR
SELF-PROGRAMMING MEMORY

16/32 BIT PROCESSOR

8K TO128K BYTES OF FLASH – EEPROM

PROGRAMMABLE UART

HARDWARE MULTIPLIER

PROGRAMMABLE BROWNOUT DETECTOR

10 BIT A/D CONVERTER.

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 THANK YOU

MY CONTACT ID’S

rschivukula@yahoo.com
Crsarma@yahoo.com
My web site

www.crsarma.tripod.com

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