TESTING PROCEDURE OF SWITCH YARD EQUIPMENTS

TESTING PROCEDURE OF SWITCH YARD EQUIPMENTS 1.Switchyard Equipments:- All Equipments in the Switchyard will be checked for nameplate details as per the SLD provided by the client. This also includes checking of earthing connections to the body of the equipments and proper connections, tightness of all connections, as per drawing provided. 2. Control and Relay Panel :- The Cubicle will be checked with the drawing provided. This also includes checking of earthing connections to the body of the panel and proper connections, tightness of all CT & PT , control connections of breaker , as per drawing provided and testing of relays, meters, switches provided as per SLD . 3. After completion of above procedure continuity for all the equipment for its terminal to its respective Junction box and from the junction box to the CRP will be checked. 4. CT Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on CTs. 4a. Insulation Resistance test. 4b. Polarity test. 4c. Ratio Test. 4d. Winding Resistance only of PS class core. 4e. Knee Point voltage only of PS class core. 5. PT Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on PTs. 5a. Insulation Resistance test. 5b. Polarity test. 5c. Ratio Test. 6. Breaker Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on Breakers. 6a. Insulation Resistance test. 6b. Contact Resistance test. 6c. Breaker Operational check. 6d.Primary Injection and tripping of breaker. 6e. Relay Testing. 6f. Functional check of indicating lamps and indicating meters. 7. Isolator Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on Isolators. 7a. Insulation Resistance test. 7b. Contact Resistance test. 7c. Isolator Earth rod continuity test. 7d. Isolator Operational and interlock checks. 8. Lightning Arrestor Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on LAs. 8a. Insulation Resistance test. 8b. Surge Counter operational check. 9. Transformer Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on Transformers. 9a. Insulation Resistance test (Primary to Earth,Primary to Secondary,Secondary to Earth) 9b. Ratio test on All Taps at Reduced Voltage. 9c. Open Circuit Magnetizing Current test at Reduced Voltage.. 9d. Winding Resistance test on Normal Tap. 9e.. Magnetic Balance test at Reduced Voltage. 9f.. Vector Group test at Reduced Voltage. 9g. Control Checks of Tripping by Auxilary Relays.

10. Earth continuity and connection checks for HT Breaker, Transformer, CT & PT , isolator , LAs 11. Cable Testing. 11a. IR Value. 11b. Continuity Check with the phase markings. 12. HT panel testing. 12a. Control and Relay Panel :- The Cubicle will be checked with the drawing provided. This also includes checking of earthing connections to the body of the panel and proper connections, tightness of all CT & PT , control connections of breaker , as per drawing provided and testing of relays, meters, switches provided as per SLD . 12b. After completion of above procedure continuity for all the equipment for its terminal to its respective Junction box and from the junction box to the CRP will be checked. 12c. CT Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on CTs. a. Insulation Resistance test. b. Polarity test. c. Ratio Test. d. Winding Resistance only of PS class core. e. Knee Point voltage only of PS class core. 12d. PT Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on PTs. a. Insulation Resistance test. b. Polarity test. c. Ratio Test. 12e. Breaker Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on Breakers. a. Insulation Resistance test. b. Contact Resistance test. c. Breaker Operational check. d.Primary Injection and tripping of breaker. e. Relay Testing. f. Functional check of indicating lamps and indicating meters. 12f. Cable Testing. a. IR Value. b. Continuity Check with the phase markings.

13.CT Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on CTs. 13a. Insulation Resistance test Insulation Resistance will done using a 5KV Megger for primary to earth and Primary to secondary terminal and 500V Megger for Secondary to earth and secondary to secondary terminals. 13b. Polarity test Polarity test is carried out by applying a potential across primary P1 P2 and getting a positive deflection on a galvanometer connected across its secondary terminals Such that P1 +ve , P2 ve = s1 +ve, s2 ve

13c. Ratio Test. Ratio test is carried out by passing current through the primary terminal and measuring the secondary current using an multimeter 13d. Winding Resistance test. Winding Resistance is carried out only of PS class core and value is checked with its name plate details. A multimeter is connected across the secondary terminal only and its value in ohms is measured and noted down 14e. Knee Point voltage test. Knee Point voltage test is carried out only of PS class core. Here the condition is if a 10 % rise in voltage gives a 50 % rise in current the CT is said to have reached saturation level. This value found is checked with name plate details. 15. PT Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on PTs. 15a. Insulation Resistance test. Insulation Resistance will done using a 5KV Megger for primary to earth and Primary to secondary terminal and 500V Megger for Secondary to earth and secondary to secondary terminals. 15b. Polarity test Polarity test is carried out by applying a potential across primary A terminal and getting a positive deflection on a galvanometer connected across its secondary terminals Such that A +ve , N ve = a +ve, n ve 15c. Ratio Test Ratio test is carried out by applying a potential 230V to primary and measuring the secondary potential using a multimeter. 16. Breaker Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on Breakers 16a. Insulation Resistance test. Insulation Resistance will done using a 5KV Megger for line side terminal to earth, bus side terminal to earth, across its terminal with breaker in open condition and using a 1KV Megger across breaker terminal in closed position. 16b. Contact Resistance Contact Resistance is found using a Micro-ohm meter, which applies Voltage, and current to the contacts for Breaker in closed position and directly gives reading on its display. 16c. Breaker Operational Test Breaker Operational Test consist of the following A: - Operation of breaker in Manual/Electrical/Local/Remote Condition B: - Breaker Tripping in Manual/Electrical/Local/Remote Condition C: - Indication check as provided on breaker and in CRP D: - SF6 Gas alarm & lock out checked at specified pressure. E: - Auxiliary Relay Operation in CRP if Provided F: - Breaker Tripping by relay operation and remote trip.

17. Isolator Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on Isolators. 17a. Insulation Resistance test. Insulation Resistance will done using a 5KV Megger for line side terminal to earth, bus side terminal to earth with Isolator in open condition and using a 1KV Megger across isolator terminal in closed position 17b. Contact Resistance . Contact Resistance is found using a Micro-ohm meter, which applies Voltage, and current to the contacts for Isolator in closed position and directly gives reading on its display 17c. Isolator Earth rod continuity test. Continuity will be checked with earth switch and ground. 17d. Isolator Operational Test. Isolator Operational Test consist of the following A: - Operation of Isolator in Manual/Electrical/Local/Remote Condition B: - Isolator mechanical / electrical interlocks C: - Indication check as provided on Isolator JB and in CRP D: semaphor operational checks. 18. Lightning Arrestor Testing Procedure: - The Following test will carried out on LAs. 18a. Insulation Resistance test Insulation Resistance will be done using a 1KV Megger for different stacks to earth and across different stacks 18b. Surge Counter operational test. Surge Counter operational will include testing of deflection and operation of counter using a charged capacitor, which will be used to discharge across its terminals 19. Earth Resistance test. Here the values of earth resistance of the earth pit will be tested using a earth tester in which two earth rods will be inserted in the earth where the middle rod will be at equidistance point between the earth pit under test and the other earth rod, the values are directly calculated and shown on the display. 20. Testing procedure for transformers. 20a. transformer insulation resistance will be checked between primary to earth and primary to secondary by 5 KV meggar . Secondary to earth will be checked by 5 KV meggar if the voltage is above 11 kv .if the voltage is LV it will be checked by 1 KV meggar. 20b. voltage ratio will be checked on each tap by applying 415 V on primary side and checking voltage ratio on seconadary side by using multimeter. 20c.open circuit magnetizing current will be checked by using multimeter on primary side by applying 415 V on primary side and keeping seconadary open. 20d.magnetic balance will be checked by applying 415V on priamary and checking the voltages on primary and secondary side as per connections./ 20e. vector group test will be carried out by applying 415 V on priamary side and volatage reading will be taken on primary and secondary as per vector group and connections.

20f. auxiliary relay checking will be carried out by individual relays on transformer upto marshalling box and from marshalling box to relay panel. 21. Cable testing procedure 21a. cable testing is carried out by using 5 Kv meggar IR values taken between phases and between phase and earth.before and after termination. 21b. contuinity and phase marking will be checked by using continuity tester. 22.TESTING PROCEDURE FOR HT Breakers After completion of above procedure the following test are performed 1. CT testing 2. PT testing 3. Breaker testing 4. Secondary Injection Test 5. CT Primary ratio Test 6. PT Primary ratio Test 7. Stability Test for differential and REF 22a.CT Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on CTs. a. Insulation Resistance test Insulation Resistance will done using a 5KV Megger for primary to earth and Primary to secondary terminal and 500V Megger for Secondary to earth and secondary to secondary terminals. b. Polarity test Polarity test is carried out by applying a potential across primary P1 P2 and getting a positive deflection on a galvanometer connected across its secondary terminals Such that P1 +ve , P2 ve = s1 +ve, s2 ve c. Ratio Test. Ratio test is carried out by passing current through the primary terminal and measuring the secondary current using an multimeter d. Winding Resistance test. Winding Resistance is carried out only of PS class core and value is checked with its name plate details. A multimeter is connected across the secondary terminal only and its value in ohms is measured and noted down e. Knee Point voltage test. Knee Point voltage test is carried out only of PS class core. Here the condition is if a 10 % rise in voltage gives a 50 % rise in current the CT is said to have reached saturation level. This value found is checked with name plate details. 22b. PT Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on PTs. a. Insulation Resistance test. Insulation Resistance will done using a 5KV Megger for primary to earth and Primary to secondary terminal and 500V Megger for Secondary to earth and secondary to secondary terminals. b. Polarity test Polarity test is carried out by applying a potential across primary A terminal and getting a positive deflection on a galvanometer connected across its secondary terminals

Such that A +ve , N ve = a +ve, n ve c. Ratio Test Ratio test is carried out by applying a potential 230V to primary and measuring the secondary potential using a multimeter. 22c. Breaker Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on Breakers a. Insulation Resistance test. Insulation Resistance will done using a 5KV Megger for line side terminal to earth, bus side terminal to earth, across its terminal with breaker in open condition and using a 1KV Megger across breaker terminal in closed position. b. Contact Resistance Contact Resistance is found using a Micro-ohm meter, which applies Voltage, and current to the contacts for Breaker in closed position and directly gives reading on its display. c. Breaker Operational Test. Breaker Operational Test consist of the following. A: - Operation of breaker in Manual/Electrical/Local/Remote Condition . B: - Breaker Tripping in Manual/Electrical/Local/Remote Condition. C: - Indication check as provided on breaker and in CRP. D: - SF6 Gas alarm & lock out checked at specified pressure. E: - Auxiliary Relay Operation in CRP if Provided. F: - Breaker Tripping by relay operation and remote trip. 22d.. Secondary Injection Test Current is injected using a relay testing kit through the relay terminal and triping time, tripping is checked as per selected curve. 22e. CT Primary Injection Test Current is injected through the CT Primary terminal and its corresponding value is measured in CRP also tripping of relay is checked. 22f. PT Primary Injection Test Voltage is applied to the PT terminal and its corresponding value is measured in CRP. 22g. Stability Test Secondary of the Transformer LV is shorted (all 3 phase) once to create an in zone fault and then to create an out zone fault and three phase supply is applied to the primary CT P1 Terminals. The difference current in both case is measured in the differential relay. 22h. REF Relay Test Secondary of the Transformer LV is shorted with respect to earth once to create an in zone fault and then to create an out zone fault and single phase supply is applied to the primary PT Terminals. The HV REF, LV REF will be tested for in zone, out zone fault.

23. Breaker Testing Procedure: - The Following test will be carried out on Breakers. 23a. Insulation Resistance test.

Insulation Resistance will done using a 5KV Megger for line side terminal to earth, bus side terminal to earth, across its terminal with breaker in open condition and using a 1KV Megger across breaker terminal in closed position. 23b. Contact Resistance Contact Resistance is found using a Micro-ohm meter, which applies Voltage, and current to the contacts for Breaker in closed position and directly gives reading on its display.

23c. Breaker Operational Test. Breaker Operational Test consist of the following. A: - Operation of breaker in Manual/Electrical/Local/Remote Condition . B: - Breaker Tripping in Manual/Electrical/Local/Remote Condition. C: - Indication check as provided on breaker and in CRP. D: - SF6 Gas alarm & lock out checked at specified pressure. E: - Auxiliary Relay Operation in CRP if Provided. F: - Breaker Tripping by relay operation and remote trip. 24. Cable testing procedure 24a Cable testing is carried out by using 5 Kv meggar IR values taken between phases and between phase and earth.before and after termination. 24b. Contuinity and phase marking will be checked by using continuity tester.

POWER ENGINEERS