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'"'Etrj: Quantum

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Quantum Physics Fall 2009

Exam
Name

III

(Last, First)
This is an exam. It is to be your work and you are not to discuss this material with anyone other than Dr. Mueller. You may use general reference material such as the online supplemental material listed in your text, but you are to.show yoru work and, inc,lude.any, details required so that any of your classmates or anyone knowledgeable in the topic can follow it. Your work, using this page as the cover sheet, is due in the class homework box by 5:00PM on Tuesday Dec 1. Each part counts equally. Use this page as the cover sheet for your work.

1. An electron is in the ground state of tritium, for which the nuclius consists of a proton and two neutrons. A nuclear reaction instantaneously changes themrclius toHd+hat is, two protons and one neutron. Calculate the probability that the electron remains in the ground state of He3.

2.

Examp\e 9-1 demonstrates how to find the matrix U, which has the properfythat so that U L" U1: h M, . Ui M, A) Calculate M, by applying U and U'to L*. B) Calculate M, by applying U and Ui to Lr.

LJ:Lh

C)

Show by explicit calculation that the M's satis$ the ang:nlar rnornenfurn osrnrnutation relations.

3. considerthespin^'

{'"1 '"'EtrJ
?

What is the probability that a measurement of (3S. + 4S,y5

yields the value +hl2

4. Consider a particle with

in an infinite potential well with width L and one edge at x:0. What is the energy shift due to the introduction of an additional potential, which corresponds to tilting the "floor" of the well, V(x) : Vo(x,/L)" for the nth state?
mass m,

5. Calculate the energy shift in the ground


when the perturbation

V:

state of the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, l. xa is added to the simple harmonic oscillator potential.

6. For an electron moving in a potential V{t')


calculate the expectation value <

-Zsl : ;4 irsor
-3,-2--L,l,aud"2.

* > for F

Pen"..

Rt^,xla[.,;\

/1 LlUAf

r._'rir

f)i i iit./ :

Era* S
u.h,ch ihe
nr,rcl

A'r "\"clrorr is lrr the

qro,x.r

siii,: uf it;l1r,nrir.laneoi-,s\

'u:
1

{D to1n

.ll

2nC

1wo lt.u^lron:; A nucle:y teaclto fl

t,

ilc "*
I 01 l-l<

lrrtr

u*

h qdnoqe

rl"e

Sior'4

lhe.re\cre.

WA V

n.{,

ill YeU F Os

l3 le

90

LJg

(ro',^ JaLlc

I Rad'-\ Frr.i

,,

13 )

)-lar"mort4

(5)

--

&g:t

the atnrdrleli

-!E--:l'srca..

-rc:.iLqz-c-harqi*t:
:

ts ."o -he..'".'

' Yt

-1i.

n'

ier-,:

l.

a(:

:(-

1c4 '6i

(:)

--

r-r7--f---l-T
'Tl

I r J \3', it 'n ou f'",* i^

>

'zo

+L

)t

^c

l\

a-

*"-t%"
rn J'.

23
r, I I ! 1\ne1,7ral'c;\ \ibte ,l

)o

-aX ' dx

v (nf 1 L r*'l
2

r+r

fo,"

= nl

di
}

hUJ

-tv, "''eo

r? dr

-------]-

7^':'
1

{6G

{q)

-----' *t-liV 14'J loo

4blz

.7
I

t\2
az -l

| Txzn \e,1-r de ^lr1!!f_bl


I

!x-h-hel l.-g:lp:Cg1

llt

t^+

i i1 -___r"_ I
T
tL*\

.)

n ba efi'I1'n", U anC U'1" L == bJ Ca\culrlltl-_i. ..i r: .,,.( u a,C U' Jo L ------;---1=*---i---;:*-*L-Ca\cu\:ie


e r ! r i t L'q expl'c': i-i\,. '.1i,,,. c1 .\trow r

lh.

l\

,r il"-

-Ml 2

{'l-:

| Sa1

f\h" ':r'1 " r^qoi:f

rnor4enrlor,l

cowri,ag]oi'r. ", ,1cl:1 rc.r,:


J

("o,^n

[^269\e-

-1

we have

U'

_-i
i
:

i t

1, o_1

r1

-L + t

oo
a20

=1
2

oto
\a) O
1

=1

,lz./ 2

AO

rrnrlav

utnu=L

UL U'

e.:r )

C'; jho.i t,'.:.: f\ n rl :nrlitf',

'1

!a

:1

.6,313v

'ne'r.sri;*1 4r.,^.,r.tl;iir'q
,r.l:ii' .r

r.,bltu'n

Fn.n

l ne

2nqgl2v ro-e.]r:*t

cr-ndial icn

h' h;'v{

Ir Ite,)-J

x 7

Lt -- i;l
*-

L
-)

LI

. rir-

i,-t -l -L-:,--'il2v:1

Af.

f1

l"l

nn

rrn -n
^,L

Tr

r\

i
1_

O'r

oi

"L L = -t

= nfl-nn

'1 o s)l

\ 1 o

= l, ll

O E.D

{f.ur.%re [j's

sesl i,

i.Le

onqolrr

).norlnentuvn

--i-""utt'
i

1L._

_-"r::l::r1.l1f. r::.*-, ;

,r__,1,,.Jr

rh" n-l'"

id

wl,"ru

9,[ ?-t1--

e1

"'

x -f.p.115dq{

tj*-:1ge";]de

(,

z \t

. +t / r\

el"l

(5)

_(

r:4lr

".i=)

N ( 3+al

J-41ti _

- r 1-_i-

5)
S3

+dt)(.iet)

-iciz )

*r: l

nd{q"\ize )

>12

( o -gt

/;;

I rr -st

,lz
I

ConsiJer

at\'"\e
!{h
CoY'(es

w'lh
i

vnasJ

rn i4

?n

it f,", , I e po1e .*ra

"

l)
V

,^r'1i-1

rJ.l h

anc

ne

ed

61

X=

l i.
.J or,\d s

he
l0

elev

L.lhr

cL

.rh'f{ Jue lo lhe a/ @nr ,, I the 'rtoor


,alton f""
the
i^

i.1 roJuc-}i.,"

of an

adJi'i r"u, e \

t"^{ta \

It

e r^.reli Vtx) .
,1e

fo, ihe nrh sJafe )


J,5

F"o-

SchroJin

f''.

?Ye oe ll

e a,5

-l,z
I av

aZucx. o Vrx)r(x

= Ei.t(x

,Yn lx

th" rnfinrte we\l hiiL ,riJlh L a"J

ane,.

^1

X=O

Ne czr tt"1.6

v(x>

o<X,:L
oihey
rurS.

6etside 'lhe u." ll (


llndlrl
"l

rr

L(

CX) = O

",J

{h.

uP

he

vt'; i g

ls Tero

Tnsrde

he l.reli (

X (L
.z

Sc-l.ro

Ji"qe"

re"

-s

-E' d cx) Jnr Jxz


o{
Z

tL(x

VCX) =

cx

eyY'E

dxz

rZ _K

K = (:ynE
t-

-" (z)

.e"a\ solc,1io. f.n

cJ)

\s

(x)= Asrnkx*Bc"lk

NeC

f-rJ: i)/.i

CJn. lf,r'

rJ

l::)

u,!irrLi _-=F--

c,.:.-':-.,,;,r,, ;c; .:j1 r:l

)-:--]}-t
l!

q2

-6

hlP

heve T

6i

rl\

!L (L)

Asro'' k

\t')ae

S\n kL

OY

KL

+\r

9lt

t:T

V '- 'r,1
L
A sLrr

nT
I

ti
Ftor.

, = ve-.^t f-y<
L

(nJ

..2

h
z

nzT 'n7
y"ta1

K - nll

,2 L

<0

1o lirrC

'ze

Lt(x)

iAlzsin2ck*

dx

tA\z

.z 5tn (^ l\x )Cx


u.theve 6 : r,Tx

lln

lA\2

_ co52o

nll

LAZ
2r\
\l

- 4. 5rn

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r-1T

1-42 6r'1I )
p?r1i

' "7

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A

tt (r)
2-J

)n

nJIX

6)

0rs

n"{
.

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Fl,ns
rL

1{

6oe aJ)i\i.,n\

eorfe-t

thrt'lloov'ol

lh.

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c'l)

Y 1x1

'Vo(x7r)

X. 6re cou\J
a9e
v1,-rt

bali,

hect
ex

rovi-71

s soirltoti -s lo

the
.a

rlut
ezs

D\erv^l

o\.

he kvlauin

cI

sri.;rl(rrr

s to lhe u.perlt,r
'll"e sr- of

Stzvi{"
vtuv

"ilh
lerm 5
:

lLe ne6) l-]zmr\t"ni:n

"rtrub"d

lern

z^a

H. H +?H

vlhev

H
t

uvb:1r,

he

un

baliuzr

'{\.t g

hr<r 6fle

(o)*

2 *(n)a

'A lt

(1"

to)t2E()*),'

. ".(tl)

r"J\re

re

tt)
vdcr

,. \\. fi.ricorrec{iovr
'lo

..l i'v., Jo
', the
so

,,

th

a-0 t,t(1)
-L
cJ-)

i. l[e ffr
the
se.c-d--orJ

lh

o \ elqcntv^c1\Lv-t

Dc L(

r-or re

il

io

a.J

Aef

N<

n yJrli

$hroJ'"

liorr i
(x

HU

t12 )

Prl

(1o) 2h J

-I (11J

\n lo

H+z

{
u(')*u

+2

z. L:)

,.ot '+2E (1) z (:) '+A

t4

) +A 2 (a) ^

l-l u(o)+ a (H Ononln

r.to)

TA

o f

+H
4r

(4)

(o) (6)
+

(")

(l)

{t) (o)

^(o) 2z(e uG)+


(o) (o)

(1) (i)

U+

(o)

Thu [o^er]
-i-he

orJev

(2

i. \J s

,,(0)

on
(o)
I_\

|rrs\ orJer (

21

ielJ

H..|^(1)+

on

lrt

f "'

th'.

v"bl6

'1L.

^e cur\J f'r, \ orJer

t lle
1n

herqq sh'f'l

corre

Jin

"1"

Vcr

2 ) o"f t i,,"!xliovr lheor


(o)
71.1,1111

Q JA

teK r :I AnC lllre

he

inlre y

o{

(r5

,^,

''l

.l(o) Ul

I Y2 llr

u(o) 1 H

(n)>

,.(")lH

,rto)

rt")<
nha\

J"'l

,rtn)

". " (16)

Bot

H is hev-r{ iarr

SO

<u
-\e 1u

ao)

Ht^

(o)

(1)

co) 6o) "nnv)

( 1)

{1?

Scrb s{r t u

lro-

tf )

t",\o

_ro) Co), (r ) C (tj lr,l

to'<ut''\
i^hr

u(o))

fL

,r

' Trr-

E(t) ihis

/-u'ull H'\ r("))

.."(tr)

prcL\em

lrl ' V( x) -- V i -_

;T;7\
X

rrnTx \/ /x L o\ u
s

.2\n-h i\x

L'' L'

ol,

ene C?n

. ler- o{

'9 3\n

-q.r

<r? ncJ

= Vo i o - aco:? ade

1lT
<7ltl i

oJ,o-l
1r

O.ec-r3P9.1n

Z-t

--:---_lO

l ^'lt i6coszn6JO !

4.r'p\,e'

,u.''..----...---.-_

Ca:1

a7 o

sr/) iY ^ + x
A

= v" l_LTl

* Ir;7-IV"

, * I+cq,4nT =*1:d$'_=_lst6_L ; =-%;t-

G")'

,"

I Tz-

o + 4 *o

Jre I

|.

1-'l so.\ 51i i i, ^"

ol

Co\co\ai"

ifi

rn

ihe

rorind e)a1a C l,n, one-Arr!.:-y,Jrct1?\ 6,zvmon,c


lir

oScr lla1OV

af'.

'ih"

V.Axa

..

:,^p lE

h:, r ,- ir

i,

osc\1l2lcY

Aa*

n,fnz*

AtA3* (A*)'AtnAtA+A+A(A+)'n

t n*n,fn r- (n*:

jn

+
)

A"At* AA*A/,** fA'A*o


-f\J! I v1<n

tf;tnlr*+

,qZC)z+ A(A*)to dol^ti

t *,A'n;4

pUl
\o

c{ (A

d.

xey iv" o

Rt\n) . J;; i'*,')

k\2x'tr. ) = 2<kl-X'ln7

;rnG)

A1."1
2

iaul,l

<n-r-:1djiiaiit-a id,'"-alrE):ri

r:lb:
Azh "A A

"A'l.) + lLl A"A'\.) +<kl1gt;tn'l n ) +(v\

\"'t)

Jm6)

--<Ulo. f

O-

3-+ U'A &112

-Ld ld

)'A

l:2t rr
)

!al]l)

. . rl-tait' ip-:
r;-

--<-i

l{ddl^>- 'r<b-l sl ldlr?:rddql.

11

"

) * r! !a-d I

-r<-"
/Lr\

&t4i Urr

(=lrr

rdl-l")__
-ili

\-11

lG(kl n(ktR'A'ln-r

) -,6<k\nn-A\n-l)
*

+ G.<klR+nzl n-l

>r i zkl.o+>zalr_r)

,/

I" ztln(A*)'\ n-1)

+{-n

<

k \n*R

R+

ii

<u I A3l'r

+r

rG;l<rrleitqln+l)+ [;;(kl
+ {,,.-li
<t I,q

rtAzin+r)+/;r1'<ki(,q+)',q\n+r)+'/;;<kln"Attrr*r
4t I r'+r

zln+r)

* 6*i<kl

A+n

)t /nil

4 k l6a+131 q

/nCn-r)(n-r)(r,r-r

i rfi(*tXn-rX;;
1,/n4n+r

(kln-z)

l'-z)
<

qy\r-z)
<Vv>

/(rx;;(";;;

kln)

p4 (kln)

" finfi;;;;
*(rrl+2

* finF,n-,17<kln) ,[^..J1( krn) * {l.n>1irr} <ut, "


+

qkln+z)

<Vln+D+ '/h +:)'(n11)(n+2 ) ( kln+z


(n+\)in Iz)(n13)(h+4 ( bl n +a)

r'_"r-+'-i_

4lc \rr

+2

/;;;;;,x,-;
n2

4k

\n-a)

(n;1+yr -z+n+n+

1)/"(;;

qkln-z)

. -2 t (r

) nn,"'-t rn'* zn+1t

nz+ 3h +

<kin)
<

(n+r

+vr

tn

+a

tn tt 1 71 n11] c"izT 1k\n+z 4 /(n*n)(n+2)(v4+)Xn+4


n-a

kln+a)

?\ -

( ,/ ntn-t)(n-z)tn-g) 1kl

(tn-z)

lkln-2)t(un2+

In)

+ (4n+L)

Va;t;;

lYr+z

h-1)(nrZ ),n*r;1.+=zrl

(kln+a

". (5)

-fl,.rufore

--------

the e\^etqq sl"i{+ i.

he qrouurd ;-}.le of

-i

he

on e -

Jir^rnrro ni]

h.i ., tri "

klnc

Fov en

\ecl,v"n

fl^ov '".
=

irn x

po1.',"'l ,1,

1 tl,, 1, ^Ze?
d'll{o

Cal et:lela1

the .n sElgl'."

L^ y3\ue <r'-> f'.r [

-i

1 a.i

Fo,

?n

2\ec\v.r.,

'I

Le 21'fv21iiys {gL}lonb

4r i,,{
y

((3

cooYdinol

e:

,lh e

t'n.t - rnJepri']r

n1

$ch11,,i, ni91

a llc4 equalt

f erc i

_hz

\2

r7a

in

?'t+ rz stnzo

, ^z o,IJ

Ef,

+ VR) = ERY

,,tLLl)

DiviJ'r

(s)
sln
zo

Ea.L lerr- ,..s1

bc

Co'nSl'.1n

il

so let
-1,

_-t_

\ d r"dR\ ' L-r^z Vcrt L ;mfi rta_8\ - tmr'( f v(r) -f_L_ R dY. lr hz

JAt,l

,i:i{ L

-.+

'
!

has on otci11"1o"q beh2vi,:,r - 90 bJe corlJ ccnr1..rr st'nlJ ba'a,:i. i -.____ihe 6ng- di..snsicn3i _1l:dg, h;,rmc",. cscili.f'r ______Fj: 1'ov i ory "t:!r.!" !_jt lLis ob)e,..1 ,^,h,a.! Jt E
>

*, hl

ftamrllont:n is

-{!-q"i,:l?l

1l.e

^, (rr)
th
eiqenva\r:e

hGrCr'+1

! ",),

l"lhen d'ffe.cal,2-}1nq _J-

E
\-.

fi
\ I 1, lCte'llrtrCa116t

1n

+t

L,

11

(1.+1

ii
/,r"'))
5o
1ln

c",

( rr

.i. I

1-1.-r \ 1o-,2

t'

l.),c1c.r

, 7ez
,'iaa

--

F,

cZa:

."{.\l)

c(

h'ch

co\ye:

:-i c)'lcs

\P

e iqe n

V2\u e

a1 = *1, y' c (aF) 11{ z rr2


--

thr. /< t_:=_"'.


Y

-t _J
L-.

'1. , ,9. lL( ( -.i


,NL
z

C1'1

?.x r
-. nc-L

?
Ac

( 2,:-^;

7
7.2 C"7 c{ hc 2 r'z

?. ..&r{

h ti2

Sot t

urheye

/ro
ln
r,1t o.
1-

11" 12d,a\ f\3nn1]o,.,;.

yr

r'

rz

tt

f Jo )

g./, t
cz (

- lc{+t)
-

z*)

St'\{

Y\2

z1
3

hz

(.[.

Z ajnsc

Ars

! nih)
1F(r)) = V(r) .
h I,tJl+t
vera e Foysp

Fro^

J. Sch,,uina"r's observalion
FroF

= - dvcr)
dY

f."l

i" \

'l-l3m r llon ron

-A dr

-7ez
AAe

r
l-n

aP,'
!+t
c

d\eor

P"Y=

Ycr

-e
ane

z
d

+ t?/cl* r) /" ltlc,(*r)


z

qn

c,

sob:lr fvte

h2!.ttrrr)
3

tT o
e

aln3l ! 1 y
7

t, o^

ali !r!.*o1!.oy
2n3ll
,3 z-

4n"h

'

tz--_J

xc
i+r)t {o, )

+-r\hc
o(C

A,:

a!

^t

!-r.4+r )(,?+r

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