FNCIONES
FNCIONES
EXERCISES - 5.1
1. 5, 4, 3x 2 + 2, 3(x + h) + 2 2. 1, 7, 5 2x 2 , 5 2(x + h)
3. 12, 8, 5c + 7, 12 + 5c , 19 + 5c 4. 3 4a , 1 4a , 2 4a
5. 9, 4, a 2 , x , (x + h )2 6. 3c 2 + 7, 3(c + h )2 + 7, 6ch + 3h 2
7. 3, 3, 3, 3 8. 5, 5, 5, 5, 5 9. 2, |x | ,
10. 3, not defined, not defined
11. 7,
12. 5,
13. (a) 6
(b) 11
14. (a) 2
(b) 7
16. y =
(c) 12
(c) 1
(d) 7 + 2h and 3h 9
(d) 1
gives y ( x 1) = x + 1 or x =
(f) 7 and 5 4h + h2
= f (y )
20. 3
21.
22. 2x + h
23. 2x + h 3
27. all x 2
all x 2 31. all u
35. all u < 3/2 36. all x 37. all x 5 38. all x 2
39. all x 2, 3
40. all x
42. all t 3
51. C(x ) = 15x + 3000; R(x ) = 25x ; P(x ) = R(x ) C(x ) = 10 x 3000
52. x = 300, p = 20 and x = 500, p = 15 gives the equation of st. line or linear function
as p = 27.5 x /40 or x = f (p ) = 1100 40p
(a) R = px = p (1100 40p ) = 1100p 40p 2
(b) R = px = x (27.5 x /40) = 27.5x 0.025x 2
54. x 2 + y 2 = 62 or y =
(See figure)
A = area of rectangle = xy
=x
where C is the in cents. For graph, see the answer in the text.
59. (a) New rent per suite = $(200 + 5x ) and number of suites rented at this rate
= 70 x . If $R denotes the total revenue, then
R = (rent per suite)(no. of suites rented) = (200 + 5x )(70 x )
(b) Here p = rent per suite = 200 + 5x or x = (p 200)/5
Then R = (200 + 5x )(70 x ) =
60. 2p + 3x = 16 gives p = 8 1.5x or x =
Revenue R = px , Cost C = 100 + 2x
. . . (i)
61. If x 12, C(x) = 500. Total cost for a group of x > 12 is the cost ($6000) of the
first 12 plus the extra (x 12) at $450 each, i.e., ${6000 + 450(x 12)}
= $(450x + 600). Therefore, C(x) = 450 + 600/x if x > 12. Thus,
EXERCISES - 5.2
1. (0 , 3) 2. (0 , 1) 3. ( 1, 1) 4. (3/2 , 21/4)
5. (1/4, 17/8) 6. (1, 1)
16. The maximum of P(x ) = 60x x 2 occurs at the vertex of the parabola [the graph of
P(x )]; The x-coordinate of the vertex is
. Thus the profit is
maximum when 30 units are sold and produced. The maximum profit is P(30) = 60(3)
(30)2 = 900
17. (a) C(x) = 25x + 2000.
(b) R(x) = 60x 0.01x 2 is maximum when
x = b /(2a) = 60 /[2(0.01)] = 3000 units are sold.
R max = R(3000) = 60(3000) 0.01(3000)2 = 90,000 dollars.
(c) If P(x) denotes the profit function, then
P(x) =R(x) C(x) = 35x 0.01x 2 2000.
Maximum of P(x) occures at the vertex of the parabola which is the graph
of P(x) . The x -coordinate of the vertex is :
x = b /(2a) = 35 /[2(0.01)] = 1750.
P max = P (1750) = 35(1750) 0.01(1750)2 2000 = 28,625 dollars.
18. The graph of C(x ) = 20 0.06x + 0.0002x 2 is a parabola that opens upwards. The
minimum of C occurs at the vertex and the x-coordinate of the vertex is
and Cmin = C(150) = 20 0.06(150) + 0.0002(150)2 = $15.50
19. Let x ,y (yards) be the
dimensions of the
rectangular field as shown
in figure.
Then, 2(x + y ) = 500
(given)
or
x + y = 250 . . .
(i)
A = area of rectangle
= xy = x (250 x ) =
250x x 2
The graph of A(x ) = 250x x 2 is a parabola opening downwards. The maximum of A
occurs at the vertex and the x-coordinate of the vertex is
The maximum area is Amax = A(125) = 15,625 sq. yds.
20. T = total yield per acre
= (number of trees per acre)(number of apples per tree)
= x (500 5x ) = 500x 5x 2 .
The maximum of T(x ) = 500x 5x 2 occurs at the vertex of the parabola which is the graph
of T(x ). The x-coordinate of the vertex is
Answer : x = 10
i.e.
EXERCISES - 5.3
(b) No
(c) No
(d) Yes; y =
2) = 1 ; fmax. = f (0) = 3
1/3) = 2 ; fmax. = f (0) = 1.
42 fmax. .=.f (
3) = 1 ; fmin. = f (0) = 2
4) = 3
3. y = f(x ,1 x )
4. y = f(1 2x ,
5. x 2 y 2 + x + y = 0 gives (x + y )(x y + 1) = 0 or y = x , y = x + 1.
6. xy (x + y ) 1(x + y ) = 0 or (x + y )(xy 1) = 0 gives y = x , y = f(1,x ) .
7. x 2 + y 2 + 2xy = 4 or (x + y )2 = 4 gives x + y = 2 or
y = 2 x , y = 2 x .
8. 9x 2 + y 2 + 6xy = 25 or (3x + y )2 = 25 or 3x + y = 5 gives
y = 5 3x , y = 5 3x .
9. y = bbc((f(2,3))r(9 x 2) , y = bbc((f(2,3)) r(9 x 2 )
10. y = bbc((f(2,3)) r(x 2 + 9) , y = bbc((f(2,3)) r(x2 + 9) .
11. r(x ) + r(y ) = 1 or r(y ) = 1 r(x ) or y = (1 r(x ) )2
12. xy 2 + x 2y 6 = 0. Treat it as a quadrant in y . Using the quadratic formula, we obtain,
y = f(x 2 r(x4 + 24x ),2x )
Thus, y = f(x 2 r(x4 + 24x ),2x ) ; y = f((x 2 r(x4 + 24x )),2x ) .
, (y 0).
30. x = f1 (y ) = 1 + y (y 1) if x 0
x = f1 (y ) = 1 y (y 1) if x 0
4y 1 = 0 or
Thus the circle meets the y-axis at the points (0,
.
).
and
or
or
or
(Note t 0).