Note Differentiation Formulas
Note Differentiation Formulas
Note Differentiation Formulas
d (c ) = 0 dx
d n ( x ) = nx n 1 dx
d d (cf ( x)) = c f ( x) dx dx
4.
d d d [ f ( x) + g ( x)] = f ( x) + g ( x) dx dx dx
5. The Difference rule. If f and g are both differentiable, then
d d d [ f ( x) g ( x)] = f ( x) g ( x) dx dx dx
6. The Product Rule. If f and g are both differentiable, then
d f ( x) [ ]= dx g ( x)
g ( x)
d d [ f ( x)] f ( x) [ g ( x)] dx dx 2 [ g ( x )]
Tutorial (Ex. 3.2, Salas) The Derivative as a Rate of Change For a differentiable function f(x), the gradient or slope of a tangent line at the point x, gives the average rate of change of y with respect to x. Example: We have a right circular cylinder of changing dimensions. Volume of the cylinder is given by V = r 2 h . (i) If h remains constant while r changes, then V is a function of r. The rate of change of V with respect to h is the derivative (ii)
dV = 2rh . dr
If r remains constant while h changes, then V is a function of h. Write down the rate of change of V with respect to h.
(iii) (iv)
If r is changing but V remains constant. Write an expression for the rate of change of h in terms of r and V. If h is changing but V remains constant. Write an expression for the rate of change of r in terms of h and V.
Velocity and Acceleration An object moves along a straight line and at each time t during a certain, the object has position x(t). The average velocity of the object at time t
x ' (t ) = lim
x( t + h ) x( t ) h 0 h
what is the acceleration a(t) in terms of x(t). what is the difference between speed and velocity? Example: An object moves along the x-axis, its position at each time, t is given by the function
dy d 2 y d dy d 3 y d d 2 y = = , , dx dx 2 dx dx dx 3 dx dx 2
Tutorial (Ex.3.3, Salas,pg 147)