Marines Transportation Operations

MCWP 4-11.
Transportation
Operations
U.S. Marine Corps
PCN 143 000083 00

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Unless otherwise stated, whenever the masculine gender is used, both

men and women are included.
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY
Headquarters United States Marine Corps
Washington, D.C. 20380-1775
5 September 2001
FOREWORD
Marine Corps Warfighting Publication (MCWP) 4-11.3, Transportation Operations,

addresses the fundamental principles required for the planning and execution of Marine
air-ground task force (MAGTF) transportation operations. This manual provides an
overview of transportation support and motor transport organizational structure,
transportation task organizations, movement fundamentals, procedures, and
capabilities.
MCWP 4-11.3 provides a broad doctrinal overview for commanders and their staffs on
transportation support and motor transport tasks and functions in support of the
MAGTF. Specifically, it gives general planning requirements, command relationships,
support requirements and considerations, and capabilities.
MCWP 4-11.3 supersedes FMFM 4-9, Motor Transport, dated 27 April 1992 and
FMFM 4-3, MAGTF Landing Support Operations, dated 25 January 1994.
Reviewed and approved this date.
BY DIRECTION OF THE COMMANDANT OF THE MARINE CORPS
/s/
EDWARD HANLON, JR.
Lieutenant General, U.S. Marine Corps
Commanding General
Marine Corps Combat Development Command
DISTRIBUTION: 143 000083 00

TRANSPORTATION OPERATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1. Transportation Overview

Sub-Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Motor Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Materials Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Landing Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Embarkation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Freight/Passenger Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Aerial Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Port and Terminal Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Throughput Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Deployment Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Concept of Deployment Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Deployment Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Deployment Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Employment Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Transportation within the AOR/Theater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Movement Control in the AO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Movement Control in Theater Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Chapter 2. Transportation Organizations

Force Service Support Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Transportation Support Battalion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Headquarters and Service Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Support Company. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Landing Support Company. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Beach and Terminal Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Motor Transport Company, General Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Motor Transport Company, Direct Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Marine Division Motor Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Truck Company, Headquarters Battalion, Marine Division. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Motor Transport Section, Division Headquarters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Marine Aircraft Wing Motor Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Marine Wing Support Squadron, Marine Wing Support Group, MAW . . . 2-7
Motor Transport Operations Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Transportation Task Organizations LFSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Headquarters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
iv ________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-11.3
Shore Party Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Beach Party Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Special Attachments to LSFP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Arrival and Assembly Operations Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Tactical-Logistics Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Task Organization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Helicopter Support Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
HST Organizational Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Chapter 3. Transportation Command and Control

Movement Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Movement Control Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Movement Control in the Area of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Host-Nation Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Standardization Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Motor Transport Command and Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Command Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Missions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Supporting Transportation Unit Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Supported Unit Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Transportation C2 in Amphibious/Landing Support Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Shore Party and Beach Party Teams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Shore Party and Beach Party Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Landing Force Support Party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Helicopter Support Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Reports and Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Beach and Landing Site Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Transportation C2 in MPF Arrival and Assembly Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Arrival and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Commencement and Disestablishment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Arrival and Assembly Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Automated Information Systems Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
MAGTF II/Logistics Automated Information System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Supporting Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Joint Deployment Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Transportation Operations ___________________________________________________________________________________ v
Chapter 4. Landing Support Operations

The Planning Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Preliminary Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Concurrent Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Detailed Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Parallel Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Augmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Planning Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Planning Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Intelligence Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Ship-to-Shore Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Shore Party Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Helicopter Support Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Beach Party Team. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Landing Force Support Party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Operations Ashore. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Shore Party Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Organization of the Beach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Chapter 5. Other Transportation Support Operations

Air Movement Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Tasks and Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Coordination Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Air Delivery Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Helicopter Support Tea Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Role of the LFSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
HST Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Ship-to-Shore Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Organization and Function of the Helicopter Landing Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Port Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
vi ________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-11.3

Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Rail Movement Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Planning Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Motor Transport Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Jungle Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Desert Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Mountain Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Cold Weather Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
Mobile Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
Mechanized Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
Appendices
A. Beach and Landing Site Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
B. Departure Airfield Control Group Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
C. Arrival Airfield Control Group Checklist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
D. Deploying Unit and D/AACG Planning and Preparation Phase
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
E. Deploying Unit and D/AACG Requirements During the Execution Phase . . . E-1
F. Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1
G. References and Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1
CHAPTER 1. TRANSPORTATION OVERVIEW
transportation of personnel, weapons, communications

Sub-Functions equipment, general cargo, specialized cargo, and
shelters/containers conforming to American
The sub-functions of transportation include— National Standards Institute/International
Standardization Organization (ISO) specifications.
l Motor Transport.
Materials Handling.
l
Capabilities
l Landing Support.
l Embarkation. Marine Corps motor transport units are organized and
l Freight/Passenger Transportation. equipped to perform missions under all environmental
l Aerial Delivery. conditions. Only minor changes in equipment are
required for extreme conditions of climate and terrain.
l Port and Terminal Operations.
In most cases, these changes are made by the
installation of special kits. Motor transport equipment
Motor Transport includes vehicles that are designed to meet all
assigned motor transport missions. Increased
Motor transport is surface transportation using
efficiency of authorized motor transport assets is
wheeled vehicles. It is the most versatile mode of
achieved through—
transport. It links the aerial ports, ocean ports, supply
centers, rail, and inland waterway terminals. During l Equipment standardization with fewer types of vehicles.
combat operations, motor transport links combat
service support (CSS) units and combat units. It is an l Centralized control of vehicles assigned combat
all-weather mode of transport that the MAGTF service support missions to ensure effective, on
commander can use over any trafficable terrain, to time delivery of support.
include off-road. Motor transport units can move l Decentralized control of vehicles providing tactical
nearly any type of cargo. They can provide local, line mobility missions to combat units to ensure
or zonal hauls. The commander may use organic, maximum flexibility.
attached, contracted or supporting motor transport
assets to support operations. Materials Handling
The Marine Corps motor transport system provides Materials handling is the movement of materials to,
an effective means of meeting the requirements of through, and from productive processes; in
the landing force for ground transportation. The warehouses and storage; and in receiving and shipping
tactical motor transport fleet is specifically designed areas. (Joint Publication [JP] 1-02, Department of
to provide ground mobility to combat, combat Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms)
support, and CSS units. The restructured CSS Materials handling equipment (MHE) is a group of
organization has resulted in a change in motor mechanical devices for handling of supplies with
transport operations philosophy, a reorganization of greater ease and economy. (JP 1-02) Effective use of
motor transport units, and a reallocation of associated available MHE is essential to movement control and
resources within the Marine Corps. maintaining the throughput of supplies and equipment.
Function Landing Support

The function of motor transport is to provide elements Landing support is the assistance provided to effect
of the MAGTF with tactical and logistical motor the efficient and responsive throughput of personnel,
transport support. This support includes the supplies, and equipment during the ship-to-shore
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1-2 MCWP 4-11.3
movement phase of the amphibious assault or across expeditious loading and unloading of personnel,
beaches in support of operations ashore. It includes supplies, and equipment.
control of the flow of personnel and material across
the beach and into landing zones. Landing support Terminal operations are defined as the reception,
does not end when the MAGTF completes the assault. processing, and staging of passengers; the receipt,
It continues through landing of the assault follow-on transit storage, and marshaling of cargo; the loading
echelons (AFOEs). Landing support also includes the and unloading of ships or aircraft; and the manifesting
evacuation of casualties and enemy prisoners of war and forwarding of cargo and passengers to
(EPWs) during the early stages of the assault. destination. (JP 1-02)
Whereas port operations are specific to the loading

Embarkation
and unloading of ships, terminal operations encompass
Embarkation is the process of putting personnel and/or any or all modes of transportation (air, rail, water,
vehicles and their associated stores and equipment into land, pipeline) and throughput procedures. A
ships and/or aircraft. (JP 1-02) A characteristic of terminal can be any military or commercial
successful operations is the rapid and effective manner transportation facility.
in which a MAGTF can establish itself ashore. The
MAGTF must expand its power and size to the
maximum in the shortest possible time. This requires a
rapid and orderly buildup of personnel and material. Throughput Concept
The ability to do this depends largely on the manner in
which the MAGTF has loaded its transportation Throughput is the flow of sustainability assets in
vessels/assets for deployment. Proper loading support of military operations, at all levels of war,
increases the flexibility of the MAGTF. from point of origin to point of use. It involves the
movement of personnel and material over lines of
communications (LOCs) using pipelines and
Freight/Passenger Transportation
distribution systems. (JP 1-02)
Freight/passenger transportation includes the
procurement of both Department of Defense (DOD) and For the purposes of this publication, the throughput
commercial transportation assets. It encompasses the concept is defined as the logistical infrastructure that
movement of personnel, equipment, and supplies via all links—
modes of transportation (air, bus/truck, rail, and water).
It includes planning for troop movements on scheduled l Production logistics to consumer logistics.
or chartered trains, aircraft, and buses in continental l Sources of operating forces’ military capability to
United States (CONUS) and overseas. It also entails the sustainability of those forces.
port calling of passengers for overseas movement.
The throughput system is composed of LOCs; the
Aerial Delivery pipeline and associated distribution systems; posts,
bases, and airfields; and civilian agencies and
Aerial delivery is the in-flight delivery of specially supporting forces, which operate those facilities
rigged equipment and supplies to land-based forces. It and installations.
is performed by either fixed-winged or rotary-winged
aircraft from varying altitudes. The throughput concept involves all those pipeline-
oriented functions, activities, facilities, procedures,
Port and Terminal Operations and control methods necessary to create, maintain, and
sustain the force. In relation to the functions of
A port is a place at which ships may discharge or operational logistics and CSS, such functions and
receive their cargoes. It includes any port accessible to activities are primarily transportation and supply
ships on the seacoast, navigable rivers or inland related. However, throughput ranges from contracting
waterways. (JP 1-02) A port operation is the for the initial movement from points of origin to points
Transportation Operations _________________________________________________________________________________ 1-3
of departure, to in-transit support, to ship-to-shore l Movement from A/SPOD to tactical assembly

movement, to the inland transfer of personnel, areas.
supplies and equipment to points of use.
Deployment Agencies
MAGTFs deploy from permanent installations for
Deployment Transportation training exercises, forward deployments, and combat
operations. Regardless of the type of deploying force,
designated transportation operating agencies control
Concept of Deployment Support and coordinate the marshaling, embarkation, and
movement of forces.
Deployment and redeployment of forces and support
of those forces are functions of command. The
External
deploying MAGTF/unit is the supported command.
Units and organizations that support the deploying External organizations involved in transportation
MAGTF/unit are supporting commands. planning/execution may include—
Deployment support is support provided to forces to l Supported commander in chief (CINC).
allow the efficient and effective movement of forces
from the point or origin to port of embarkation (POE), l Supporting CINC(s).
POE to port of debarkation (POD), and POD to final l Subordinate Joint Forces/Commanders such as
destination. Deployment support allows the deploying Joint Task Forces (JTFs), Joint Logistics Over the
MAGTF/unit to properly marshal, stage, embark, Shore (JLOTS) Commander and Joint Interagency
debark, and employ. Task Forces (JIATFs).
Supporting commands provide support to deploying l Other service components (U.S. Army, Navy, and
MAGTFs during deployments and ensure that forces, Air Force) such as Army echelon above corps units.
sustainment, replacements, and supplies are available, l Fleet commander.
prepared, and moved to the POE in the types and
amounts required by the deploying MAGTF. This is l USTRANSCOM and its subordinate commands:
accomplished by activating control organizations, n Military Sealift Command (MSC).
reserve units and base/station support organizations,
and by coordinating with the supporting n Air Mobility Command (AMC).
establishment, Headquarters Marine Corps, and the n Military Traffic Management Command
transportation component commands of United (MTMC).
States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM). l Defense Logistics Agency (DLA).
Deployment planning encompasses both deliberate
and crisis action planning. Internal
Deployment execution can encompass several phases, Marine Corps commands may include—
including—
l Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps.
l Preparation for movement. l Marine Force(s).
l Deploying Marine expeditionary forces (MEFs).
l Movement from unit areas to marshaling areas.
l Deploying MAGTF command element (if other
l Movement from marshaling areas to staging areas than a MEF).
at air and/or sea ports of embarkation (A/SPOE).
l Divisions, aircraft wings, and force service support
l Movement from A/SPOE to air and/or sea ports of groups (FSSGs) that are providing elements to the
debarkation (A/SPOD). MAGTF.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1-4 MCWP 4-11.3
l Bases and air stations from which the forces deploy. nation. Assets may include airlift, rail, trucks, ships,
l Marine Corps Materiel Command. barges, and pipelines.
Deployment Modes Movement Control in the AO

Transportation modes vary depending on the type of
MAGTF, the purpose and duration of the deployment, The component commander is responsible for
and the anticipated employment. Deployments of movement control in the assigned area of operations
MEFs generally require use of all transportation (AO) and normally delegates this responsibility to
modes. MEFs are the most complex deployments from subordinate commanders within whose zones of action
a transportation perspective, as elements of the MEF or areas the movement takes place.
commonly deploy from different bases and stations,
which may be in widely separated geographic areas.
Movement Control in Theater Areas
When operating as part of a unified command or JTF,

Employment Transportation the MAGTF commander follows the traffic
management and movement control regulations of that
Transportation within the AOR/Theater command. Normally, the higher commander
establishes a movement control agency such as a joint
Transportation in the area of responsibility (AOR)/ movement center (JMC) to provide movement
theater includes the organic assets of the MAGTF. It management services and highway traffic regulation.
may also include transportation belonging to the joint This agency coordinates with allied and host nation
force commander (JFC), coalition forces or the host movement control agencies.
CHAPTER 2. TRANSPORTATION ORGANIZATIONS
Tasks
Force Service Support Group
l Provide centralized command, control, and
In addition to the motor transport assets of communications for landing support, distribution and
Transportation Support Battalion (TSB), most units throughput functions (including port and terminal
within the FSSG are authorized motor transport operations), materials handling, air d e l i v e r y
equipment to meet organic lift requirements. support, convoy operations, and motor
transportation during operations conducted by
the MAGTF.
Note: The organizations described within this chapter
are notional. Geographic location and unique or l Provide selected heavy equipment lift augmentation
specific mission requirements may dictate that in support of the MAGTF.
structure will differ from that depicted.
l Transport personnel, equipment, and supplies
within organic lift capabilities.
Transportation Support Battalion
l Provide throughput and distribution of bulk, liquid,
The TSB provides motor transport and landing support
containerized, and dry cargo.
for the MAGTF (see figure 2-1). The TSB can provide
the nucleus of personnel and equipment from which a l Provide port and terminal operations at ports,
landing force support party (LFSP) or combat service beaches, airheads, railheads, and cargo terminals,
support element (CSSE) is task- organized. The TSB and management of freight/passenger and
has the assets required to support all types of Navy and breakbulk/container cargo throughput.
Marine Corps operations.
l Provide air delivery support for MAGTF
operations.
Mission
l Perform basic engineer tasks required for landing
Provide tactical throughput support and associated support operations to include austere site
command and control (C2) for the MAGTF to preparations, construction/removal of obstacles and
facilitate the distribution of personnel, equipment, and barriers, and establishment of routes of egress from
supplies by air, ground, and sea. the beach when properly augmented.
Figure 2-1. Transportation Support Battalion.

______________________________________________________________________________________________
2-2 MCWP 4-11.3
l Provide a nucleus for the task organization of l Provide organizational maintenance for ordnance
LFSP/arrival and assembly operations group and communication-electronic equipment.
(AAOG) from organic assets to provide C2 l Provide support for the battalion’s local security.
structure for the landing support and distribution for
initial CSS for MAGTF operations.
Concept of Organization
l Provide security for organic units.
The company is organized to plan, coordinate, and
supervise the command support functions for the
Concept of Organization battalion. It is structured to facilitate task organization
for operations conducted by the battalion in support of
The battalion is organized to plan, coordinate, and
MAGTF operations.
supervise the throughput and distribution functions in
support of MAGTF operations. It is structured to
facilitate task organization for operations conducted Concept of Employment
by the battalion in support of the MAGTF.
The company provides the command support
functions to plan, coordinate, and supervise the
Concept of Employment general intermodal transportation, landing support,
and throughput functions conducted by the battalion in
The battalion is structured to facilitate task
support of the MAGTF.
organization for landing support and throughput
operations conducted in support of the MAGTF. It is
equipped to provide medium through heavy cargo Support Company
transportation to the MAGTF. Additionally, the
battalion provides the initial source for centralized Mission
CSS for MAGTF operations.
Provide MHE, container handling support, and
organizational maintenance support for engineer and
Headquarters and Service Company
motor transport assets of the battalion in support of
MAGTF operations (see figure 2-2).
Mission
Provide C2, administration, and command support Tasks
functions for TSB, FSSG.
l Provide MHE support for the MAGTF beyond the
organic capability of supported units.
Tasks
l Provide specialized MHE and container handling
l Provide command support functions to include support for the management of container/cargo
supply, ordnance, information management, and throughput operations on beaches, at ports,
food service support for the battalion. railheads, airheads, and cargo terminals.
Figure 2-2. Support Company.

l Provide organizational (1st, 2d echelon) l Prepare, mark, and control assault landing beaches
maintenance support for engineer and motor or zones as required.
transport equipment organic to the battalion.
l Establish multi-class supply storage sites ashore.
Coordinate the unloading of supplies and
Concept of Organization l
equipment from landing craft, ships, and helicopters

through designated assault beaches and HLZs.
supervise the command support functions of the l Coordinate transportation support for the
company. It is structured to facilitate task organization evacuation of casualties, noncombatants, and
for throughput operations conducted by the battalion EPWs.
in support of the MAGTF.
l Provide departure airfield control group/arrival
airfield control group (DACG/AACG) to control
Concept of Employment and coordinate the loading and unloading of units
deploying or redeploying by fixed-wing aircraft.
The company provides centralized support to expedite
throughput operations. It is equipped with tactical Concept of Organization
engineering cranes, buckets, graders, forklifts, and
light sets to facilitate operations. The company can be
The company is organized to provide the nucleus of
task-organized to provide CSSEs.
personnel and equipment required for a shore party
group or AAOG.
Landing Support Company
Concept of Employment
Mission
The company provides direct landing support in
Provide direct support for landing and throughput support of amphibious and helicopterborne operations.
operations at helicopter landing zones (HLZs), assault When reinforced with battalion assets, it provides the
beaches, and airfields (see figure 2-3). nucleus for the shore party group and AAOG which
provides initial throughput and sustainment for the
MAGTF. Upon establishment of the CSSE,
Tasks operational control passes to the CSSE commander for
the continuation of direct landing support as required.
l Provide shore party and/or helicopter support teams The company coordinates local security for a colored
(HSTs) in direct support of assault and sustained beach. The company can provide AACG/DACG to
operations. support deploying/redeploying units.
Figure 2-3. Landing Support Company.

______________________________________________________________________________________________
2-4 MCWP 4-11.3
Beach and Terminal Operations Concept of Employment
Mission When directed, beach and terminal operations assumes

responsibility for the throughput operations after
Provide general transportation support to coordinate control of beaches, ports, and terminals is passed to
throughput operations for the MAGTF (see the CSSE. It provides aerial delivery support and,
figure 2-4). when augmented by other elements of the CSSE,
controls air terminals to include conducting DACG/
AACG operations.
Tasks
Motor Transport Company, General Support
l Provide personnel and equipment for the loading,
unloading, and movement of supplies and Mission
equipment at ports, beaches, railheads, airheads,
cargo terminals, dumps, and depots. Provide general support, medium and heavy lift
transportation support for throughput, and sustainment
l Provide air delivery support. operations (see figure 2-5).
Concept of Organization Tasks

l Provide distribution of bulk water (Class I) and bulk
Beach and terminal operations is organized to support
fuel (Class III and III[A]).
throughput operations. It provides management and
operation of ports, airheads, railheads, and other l Provide medium and heavy lift motor transport for
cargo/passenger terminal operations including aerial the movement of bulk dry cargo, Class V and V(A),
delivery support. and heavy equipment.
Figure 2-4. Beach and Terminal Operations.
Figure 2-5. General Support.

l Provide unit and supply point distribution of bulk Tasks

water and fuel.
l Provide line haul and distribution of bulk water
l Augment the motor transport and supply
(Class I) and bulk fuel (Class III and III[A]) for the
distribution capabilities of the Direct Support Motor
CSSE.
Transport Company, TSB, FSSG, as required.
l Provide medium and heavy lift motor transport for
the movement of bulk dry cargo, Class V and V(A),
Concept of Organization and heavy equipment.
l Augment the personnel lift capability, as required,
The company is organized to plan, coordinate, and of elements of the MAGTF.
supervise the command, supply, and transportation
support functions for the company. It is structured to
facilitate task organization for operations conducted Concept of Organization
by the battalion.
supervise the command, supply, and transportation
Concept of Employment support functions for the company. It is equipped
with 5- and 7-ton tactical cargo trucks, LVSs, and
The company provides medium and heavy lift motor sixcon fuel and water modules.
transport and bulk fuel and water distribution. It is
employed in general support to transport cargo, Concept of Employment
equipment, and personnel over extended distances for
sustained periods of time. Organic equipment includes The company is structured to provide sustained, direct
5-ton tactical cargo trucks, Logistics Vehicle Systems support transportation to the CSSE, and general
(LVSs), and 40- and 70-ton semitrailers. support transportation to the MAGTF. It transports
cargo, equipment, fuel, water, and personnel over
extended distances for sustained periods of time.
Motor Transport Company, Direct Support
Mission
Marine Division Motor Transport
Provide direct and general support, medium and heavy
lift transportation support for throughput and Subordinate elements of the division have motor
sustainment operations of the CSSE in support of the transport equipment authorized for organizational use.
MAGTF (see figure 2-6). Because of the limited quantities and specialized roles
Figure 2-6. Direct Support.

______________________________________________________________________________________________
2-6 MCWP 4-11.3
of that equipment, it will normally not be available for The truck company is capable of providing
routine logistical support. organizational (1st and 2d echelon) maintenance for
all organic equipment except communication
equipment. Both 2d and 3d echelon maintenance for
Truck Company, Headquarters organic communication equipment are provided by
Battalion, Marine Division communications company, headquarters battalion,
division. Intermediate (3d and 4th echelon)
The truck company provides limited tactical mobility maintenance for all other equipment is provided by
to the Marine division. The company consists of a maintenance battalion, FSSG. Selected items of
headquarters and three truck platoons containing two equipment are listed in table 2-1.
truck sections each (see figure 2-7). The company
commander directs and controls all matters pertaining
to company administration and support. The Table 2-1. Truck Company, Selected
Items of Equipment.
company headquarters supports the company
commander in exercising C2 of the operating elements TAMCN Description Model Qty
in the three truck platoons. The truck company is
D0860 Trailer, Cargo, 1½-ton M105A2 57
under the administrative control (ADCON) of the
headquarters battalion commander. Operational D0880 Trailer, Tank, Water, 400 M149A1 13
Gallon
tasking of the truck company is coordinated by the
division motor transport officer. He makes D1059 Truck, Cargo 5-ton M923 100
recommendations as appropriate to the commander, D1158 Truck, Utility, M998 12
1¼-ton
usually via the principal staff officers, as requirements
are developed. D1212 Truck, Wrecker M936 3
The truck company is a combat support asset of the

Marine division. It is capable of transporting the Motor Transport Section,
assault elements of two infantry battalions Division Headquarters
simultaneously. Truck platoons will normally be The motor transport section, division headquarters,
attached to or placed in direct support of infantry consists of the division motor transport officer and a
regiments and are capable of sustained operations on a small administrative staff. The motor transport officer
24-hour basis. Normally the tactical situation will performs the general duties of a special staff officer
require that motor transport assets of the truck under the cognizance of the assistant chief of staff,
company be used to augment the limited organic G-4. The staff responsibilities of the division motor
capability of subordinate division units. transport officer include—
l Supervising the planning and technical training and

motor transport related duties and programs within
the division.
l Coordinating planning for motor transport
intelligence and the dissemination thereof.
l Conducting comprehensive analyses of all motor
transport tasks required to implement the
commander’s plan.
l Maintaining liaison with higher, lower, and
adjacent commands pertaining to motor transport
matters.
l Analyzing and evaluating motor transport
Figure 2-7. Truck Company, Marine Division. capabilities throughout the command.
l Coordinating all motor transport support The MWSS is organized to provide essential aviation
requirements and directing commitments, as ground support to the FW or RW components of an
appropriate, to organizations best capable of aviation combat element (ACE). An MWSS may also
providing the support required. supplement the garrison support provided by a
permanent Marine Corps air station. In addition to
l Monitoring and providing technical supervision to
motor transport, this support includes explosive
all motor transport requirements, commitments, and
ordnance disposal, security and law enforcement,
movements of truck company.
photographic services, air freight services, weather
l Supervising and coordinating the maintenance of services, internal airfield communications, crash/
required motor transport records and reports. fire/rescue and structural firefighting services,
essential engineer services, expeditionary airfield
l Developing, coordinating, implementing, and services, aircraft and ground equipment refueling,
monitoring command technical inspections for aircraft recovery, messing facilities, medical
motor transport. services, training support, and internal nuclear,
l Monitoring motor transport combat readiness in all biological, and chemical (NBC) defense.
subordinate organizations of the command.
l Advising the commander of all technical matters Motor Transport Operations Division
concerning motor transport. The motor transport operations division of the MWSS is
organized into two branches: the light/medium motor
vehicle branch and the heavy motor vehicle branch (see
figure 2-8). Table 2-2, on page 2-8, presents a list of
Marine Aircraft Wing Motor Transport selected items of equipment.
Some subordinate elements of the Marine aircraft The motor transport section, MAW consists of the
wing (MAW) have limited, special purpose motor wing MAW motor transport officer and a small
transport equipment authorized for organizational use. administrative staff. The motor transport officer
Other than limited general purpose motor transport performs the general duties of a special staff
equipment, units of the MAW receive organic motor officer parallel to those of the division motor
transport support from the Marine wing support transport officer.
squadrons (MWSSs).
Marine Wing Support Squadron, Marine Wing

Support Group, MAW
Organic motor transport support for the MAW is
provided by the MWSSs of the Marine wing support
group (MWSG). There are four MWSSs in each
MWSG. Each MAW has two MWSSs designed to
support a fixed-wing (FW) aircraft group and two
MWSSs to support a rotary-wing (RW) aircraft group.
These are designated MWSS/FW and MWSS/RW,
respectively. The exception to this is in 1st MAW,
which has one FW and one RW MWSS. Figure 2-8. Motor Transport Operations Division.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2-8 MCWP 4-11.3
Table 2-2. Truck Company, Selected Items of Equipment.
TAMCN Description Model Qty

D0860 Trailer, Cargo, 1 1/2 ton M105A2 57
D0880 Trailer, Tank, Water, 400 gal M149A1 13
D1059 Truck, Cargo 5-ton M923 100
D1158 Truck, Utility, 1 1/4-ton M998 12
D1212 Truck, Wrecker M936 3
organization may vary, it typically consists of a

Transportation Task Organizations LFSP headquarters, two or more shore party groups and
HSTs, a beach party group, and various special
Fundamentals attachments (see figure 2-10).
The TSB is responsible for the MAGTF’s landing
support services and provides the units required to
form the LFSP. The LFSP’s mission is to perform
specified combat service support operations for the
landing force during the amphibious assault. It also
provides initial landing support and combat service
support to the landing force during the amphibious
operation. The LFSP facilitates the MAGTF’s ship-to-
shore movement by—
l Supporting the landing plan.

l Avoiding excessive concentration of equipment,
people, and supplies.
l Providing a uniform flow ashore of material
required by the landing force.
The LFSP is peculiar to an amphibious operation. It is a Figure 2-9. LFSP Relationship within the MAGTF.
temporary task organization composed of Navy and
Marine Corps elements tasked to provide initial combat
service support during the ship-to-shore movement. The
LFSP’s strength and composition are determined during
the amphibious operation’s initial planning phase. The
LFSP may include units or detachments from the
ground combat element (GCE), ACE, CSSE, and the
Navy. The MAGTF’s organization and mission, the
number of landing beaches/zones through which the
MAGTF will land, and the mission and size of the units
assigned to the beaches/zones determine the LFSP’s
configuration. The LFSP is under the operational
control (OPCON) of the commander, landing force
(CLF) (see figure 2-9).
The LFSP provides CSS to the landing force until the

CSSE is ashore and capable of assuming
responsibility for logistics support. While the LFSP Figure 2-10. Basic Organization of the LFSP.
Headquarters communications ashore. Marine Corps Warfighting

Publication (MCWP) 6-22, Communications and
The LFSP headquarters controls and supervises Information Systems, contains additional
landing support operations within the landing area as information on landing support communications.
set forth in the landing force operation plan. The LFSP
headquarters ensures effective landing support through
close coordination, timely reinforcement, and The Motor Transport and Equipment Section
consolidation of shore party group and beach party
group activities. The TSB or MAGTF CSSE provides motor transport
and equipment section personnel. Only those vehicles
During the initial stages of ship-to-shore movement, required by the LFSP headquarters operate under the
the LFSP headquarters typically remains afloat where direct control of this section. The remaining assets are
it can best control and supervise the landing forces’ assigned to augment the LFSP and are normally
landing support operations. However, operational attached to the shore party team, shore party group,
necessity may require the LFSP headquarters to move and HSTs.
ashore earlier. As more functions and capabilities
move ashore, the LFSP headquarters grows
Liaison Section
accordingly. Once the CSSE, ACE, and naval beach
group (NBG) are established ashore, they assume
responsibility for their appropriate tasks. The liaison section consists of liaison personnel
from units that are attached to or under the OPCON
of the LFSP.
Command and Administrative Section
TSB headquarters or the MAGTF CSSE provides the Shore Party Group
personnel needed to form the command and
administrative section. The shore party group provides landing support across
the beach by assisting movement of troops and
supplies, evacuating casualties and EPWs, and
Medical Section controlling landing craft and amphibious vehicles.
Marine components of the shore party group perform
Medical battalion, FSSG provides the nucleus of the tasks inland from the water’s edge, and Navy
medical section. The medical section plans the LFSP’s components perform tasks seaward from the water’s
medical evacuation functions, supervises patient edge. The shore party group is capable of providing
operations within the shore party and the HST’s CSS to a regimental landing team over a designated
evacuation sections, and prepares medical reports. (colored) beach. All tasks are performed under the
direction of the shore party group commander, who is
Military Police Section designated by the LFSP commander.
Normally, the military police (MP) section consists of The shore party team lands ahead of the shore party
personnel taken from the MP company, FSSG. This group to assist with the initial landing. Once the shore
section supervises the shore party and HST’s MP party group moves ashore, shore party teams are
sections. In addition, this section establishes the absorbed into the shore party group. Shore party teams
landing force’s EPW stockade and organizes and are capable of supporting a battalion landing team
evacuates EPWs from the objective area. over a numbered beach.
Communications Section The shore party group has a headquarters, two or more
shore party teams, and special attachments as required
The nucleus of the communications section is provided (see figure 2-11, on page 2-10). The nucleus of the
by the TSB or MAGTF CSSE and may be augmented shore party group is drawn from the landing support
from other sources. This section provides required company, TSB.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2-10 MCWP 4-11.3
Figure 2-11. Shore Party Group.
Headquarters assigned administrative and communications

personnel. This section coordinates each of the shore
The headquarters section controls and supervises party teams’ MP operations and is absorbed by the
landing support operations within the landing area as CSSE once the shore party group dissolves.
set forth in the landing force operation plan. It
coordinates with the LFSP aboard ship, the tactical Evacuation Section. When the evacuation section is
logistical group (TACLOG), and the landing force established ashore, it assumes control of the shore
(see figure 2-12). party teams’ evacuation sections. This section is
comprised of personnel from the CSSE’s attached
Command Section. The nucleus of the command medical units and assets from the ACE’s helicopter
section is drawn from the landing support company’s units. This section maintains the records of evacuated
headquarters. This section handles the shore party personnel and evaluates the casualty evacuation
group’s administrative functions. procedures for effectiveness.
Military Police Section. The MP section consists of Communications Section. The communications
the section leader of the attached MP unit and the section provides communications for the shore party
Figure 2-12. Headquarters, Shore Party Group.

Transportation Operations _______________________________________________________________________________ 2-11
group headquarters. Personnel and assets for this motor transport/heavy equipment platoon (see figure
section come from the CSSE. Once the shore 2-13, on page 2-12).
party group is established ashore, it coordinates
communications established by the shore party teams The Marine component of the shore party team
and assumes control of the shore party team’s performs the following tasks:
communications section.
l Marking limits of the beach unloading points.
Motor Transport and Equipment Section. Once the l Designating and marking landing sites for
shore party group assumes control of shore party team helicopters.
operations, this section assumes control of all motor l Locating and establishing multi-class supply
transport functions and equipment attached to shore dumps.
party teams. Personnel and assets for this section come
primarily from the TSB. l Assisting the beach party in the landing and moving
of units across the beach.
Replacement Pool. The replacement pool consists of

l Marking and removing obstacles in the BSA that
personnel waiting to be drafted into operation and are are hazardous to personnel or may impede
operations.
referred to as replacement units. Replacement units
may be used to form ships platoon. Typically, l Constructing and maintaining beach roads.
replacement units assist the shore party in the l Establishing and operating information centers.
accomplishment of general tasks. During the selective
l Maintaining current situation maps to assist landed
and general unloading phases, replacement units are
units.
used as longshoremen at unloading points and
dumps in the beach support area (BSA). l Controlling traffic in the BSA.
l Maintaining communications with troop
Beach Party Team. See paragraph entitled “Beach commanders of waterborne and helicopterborne
Party Team” on page 2-13 for a detailed discussion. assault units and the TACLOG for control
purposes.
l Establishing lateral communications between
Special Attachments beaches and HLZs.
l Marking contaminated/decontaminated portions of
Special attachments do not perform service or tasks
the BSA.
associated with shore party teams. They are normally
retained under the control of the shore party team l Evacuating casualties and EPWs.
headquarters. Special attachments may include liaison l Providing emergency maintenance for equipment in
personnel from the augmentation units attached to the the waterborne assault.
shore party teams.
l Maintaining continuous records, by category, of
units, equipment, and amounts of supplies landed.
Shore Party Team l Coordinating movement of amphibious vehicles
carrying supplies.
The shore party team provides CSS to a battalion l Loading/unloading supplies from landing craft,
landing team (BLT) landing across a designated ships, and helicopters.
(numbered) beach. It is subordinate to the shore party l Moving supplies to inland dumps or using units as
group. The nucleus of the team is drawn from the required.
landing support platoon, landing support company,
TSB and augmented as required to accomplish the l Providing security and coordinating defense of the
specific shore party group’s or shore party team’s BSA.
mission. The shore party team consists of a l Initiating, as directed, civil affairs and military
headquarters, shore platoon, service platoon, and government activities in the BSA.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2-12 MCWP 4-11.3
Figure 2-13. Organization of a Typical Shore Party Team.
l Establishing and maintaining, as a part of the Advance Party. The advance party is composed of a
landing force warning system, a system to warn of command section, liaison section, communications
air; ground; and NBC attacks within the BSA. section, and a beach party section. The advance party
is a temporary organization. Its sole purpose is to
l Providing mortuary affairs services as directed. effect a smooth transition ashore, and it is formed
l Constructing helicopter landing sites within the from the shore party team. The advance party
BSA. conducts early beach reconnaissance, establishes
communications, and marks landing sites and dumps
l Establishing forward arming and refueling points before the remainder of the shore party team lands.
(FARP) as required. The advance party sections return to their original
units as the shore party team comes ashore (except cushion (LCAC) craft landing zone (CLZ) control
liaison sections operating with the GCE). team(s), and a beach support unit (see figure 2-14).
Headquarters. The shore party team headquarters The beach party group’s mission is to provide the
includes a command section, evacuation section, MP beach master, traffic control, causeway lighterage,
section, communications section, and security section. causeways, ship-to-shore bulk fuel systems, limited
This section provides the C2 for the shore party team. construction capabilities, landing craft, and beach
salvage capabilities. It also provides communications
Shore Platoon. The shore platoon is a detachment to C2 to its specially equipped teams. The beach party
from the shore party platoon and is augmented as group facilitates the flow of troops, equipment, and
required. The shore platoon organizes and operates the supplies to the beaches and evacuates casualties,
facilities for unloading supplies and equipment at the refugees, and EPWs as required.
water’s edge. It also organizes and operates the
movement of material to the dump area or staging
area or out of the BSA. Headquarters
Service Platoon. The service platoon’s nucleus

The beach party group headquarters is drawn from the
beach master unit of the NBG. The group commander
comes from the shore party platoon and is augmented
and staff embark and land with the shore party group
by specialists from CSS units. The service platoon
headquarters. The beach party group commander
organizes and operates dumps and maintenance/
advises the shore party group commander on Navy
salvage areas in the BSA.
matters, and they jointly plan for the expeditious use
of all units employed in the BSA.
Motor Transport/Heavy Equipment Platoon. The
motor transport/heavy equipment platoon is drawn
from primarily from TSB. This platoon provides Beach Party Team
equipment and motor transport support to the shore
party team’s sections and platoons. The beach party team is the Navy component to the
shore party team and is commanded by a navy officer.
Beach Party Group The beach party team provides Navy functions (e.g.,
boat salvage, boat repair) for the shore party (see
The beach party group is the Navy counterpart to the figure 2-15, on page 2-14).
shore party group. A beach party group is assigned to
each designated beach and supervises, controls, and Headquarters Section. The headquarters section
coordinates all Navy activities on that beach, such as contains the beach party team commander and
boat salvage and lane clearing for landing craft. The communications and administrative assistants. A
beach party group includes a beach party group part of this team lands with the shore party team’s
headquarters, beach party team(s), landing craft air advance party.
Figure 2-14. Beach Party Group.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2-14 MCWP 4-11.3
Figure 2-15. Beach Party Team.
Communications Section. The communications Oceanographic Section. The oceanographic section

section contains personnel and equipment to transmit contains personnel drawn from the sea-air-land team,
and receive operational information from various which is normally attached to the beach party group or
sources. This section uses lights, flags, and public beach party team. This section reports to the beach
address and broadcasting equipment to direct party team commander after completion of its tasks
personnel and craft in the vicinity of the beach area. with the advance force. The oceanographic section
The communication section uses portable and mobile performs tasks such as marking and removing
radio equipment to provide communications with units obstacles in beach approaches up to the high
afloat and on adjacent beaches. It monitors the watermark. It also performs hydrographic surveys and
movement of landing craft’s designated lifeguard duties, marks channels and navigational
communications nets for beach touchdown points. hazards, and improves seaward approaches. This
section is equipped with inflatable boats, survey
Traffic Control Section. The traffic control section, equipment, buoys, and demolitions.
equipped with signal flags and other signal devices,
controls traffic at unloading slots along the beach and LCAC CLZ Control Section.The duties and
directs beaching and retraction of craft. responsibilities of the LCAC CLZ control section are
the same as the LCAC CLZ control team.
Salvage Section. The salvage section contains
personnel and equipment from the amphibious
construction battalion and the NBG’s beach master LCAC CLZ Control Team
unit. This section assists the beaching and retraction of
landing craft and ships, accomplishes minor beach The personnel for the LCAC CLZ control team come
improvement, and effects salvage of landing craft and from the ship’s complement. The LCAC CLZ control
amphibious vehicles. This section’s equipment team controls LCACs as they approach the beach. This
includes dozers, amphibious vehicles, and surf cranes. team directs the LCAC to a CLZ for unloading/
Landing craft may be assigned to this section to assist loading, and then directs and controls the craft back to
in boat salvage. the ship. An LCAC CLZ support team supports each
LCAC CLZ control team. See Fleet Marine Force l Provides beach salvage sections.
Manual (FMFM) 1-8, Ship-to-Shore Movement, for
more detail. l Provides camp support and limited construction
sections.
Beach Support Unit
Special Attachments to Beach Party Group
The beach support unit is drawn from the amphibious
construction battalion of the NBG. This unit consists Special attachments are attached to the beach party
of a causeway platoon, fuels platoon, and camp group to perform tasks or provide capability not
support platoon (see figure 2-16). The beach support normally included in the beach party organization.
unit’s primary mission is to provide causeway and fuel These attachments may provide support to the landing
system support for the LFSP. Its secondary mission is force, however, they typically perform Navy tasks that
to undertake military construction projects within the are more effective when performed from the beach.
capabilities of assigned personnel and equipment. A
beach support unit performs the following tasks: Special Attachments to LFSP
l Installs causeway piers and uses causeway ferries to There are many special attachments that may be made
ferry equipment ashore. to the LFSP in order to perform the LFSP’s assigned
tasks. For example, units may be attached to the LFSP
l Provides capability to conduct ship causeway for defense or the landing force commander may
standoffs and compression marriages. deploy units to counter threats. The landing support
commander may employ units operating in the BSA or
l Installs, operates, and maintains container over the
landing zone support area (LZSA) in emergency
shore systems.
situations, particularly in defense of the area.
l Installs and operates the roll-on/roll-off ship
discharge facility.
l Installs, operates, and maintains amphibious assault Arrival and Assembly Operations Group
fuel systems.
The AAOG is a task-organized group from the MAGTF
l Installs off shore petroleum, oils, and lubricants whose function is to coordinate and control arrival and
(POL) discharge systems. assembly operations (see figure 2-17 on page 2-16). It
Figure 2-16. Beach Support Unit.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2-16 MCWP 4-11.3
operations in accordance with JP 3-02, Joint Doctrine

for Amphibious Operations. This chain of command
allows the resolution of command and control issues at
the lowest possible level. To effect this chain of
command, the MAGTF establishes a TACLOG
wherever a Navy ship-to-shore control organization is
established. The TACLOG is the MAGTF’s
counterpart to the Navy’s control organization. It is
not part of the Navy ship-to-shore control
organization; it is the MAGTF’s liaison to the Navy.
TACLOGs embark on the same ship as the Navy
control officer exercising control over the ship-to-
shore movement (see figure 2-18).
Mission
Figure 2-17. Notional AAOG Organization.
A MAGTF commander establishes TACLOGs as
required. A TACLOG is a temporary task
consists of personnel from all MAGTF elements organization formed by the MAGTF, and it is
plus liaison from the commander, naval support composed of MAGTF personnel. It is concerned with
element (CNSE). both tactical and logistical ship-to-shore movement.
A TACLOG’s mission is to communicate MAGTF
The AAOG— ship-to-shore movement requirements to the Navy’s
control organization and to assist the Navy in landing
l Monitors the airflow of the fly-in echelon (FIE) into personnel, supplies and equipment in accordance
the arrival and assembly area (AAA). with the MAGTF landing plan. The landing force
TACLOG monitors the operations of subordinate
l Coordinates and monitors the throughput and
TACLOGs and intervenes only if necessary to
distribution of maritime pre-positioned equipment
provide control/coordination at a higher level.
and supplies (MPE/S) from the MPS to the unit
TACLOGs link the LFSP, shore party, HST, and the
assembly areas, specifically the arrival and
Navy control organization. They also serve as the
assembly operations elements (AAOEs) within
landing force commander’s primary source of
those assembly areas.
information concerning the status of MAGTF units
l Coordinates the association of MPE/S with during the ship-to-shore movement. FMFM 1-8 has
designated organizations. detailed information concerning TACLOG.
l Provides initial C2 functions for the MAGTF in the
AAA.
Responsibilities
l Directs and coordinates the AAOEs operations.
l Provides direction, coordination, and interface with It is the collective responsibility of the Navy control
the LFSP and airfield coordination officer (ACO) organization, TACLOG, LFSP, and HST to—
until such time as the respective MAGTF elements
assume responsibility for those functions. l Know, at all times, what units are ashore and the
status of any requests made for landing additional
personnel, supplies, and/or equipment.
l Orchestrate and regulate movement of scheduled
Tactical-Logistics Group waves to ensure personnel, supplies, and equipment
arrive at the designated location at the prescribed
A parallel chain of command is established between time and in the condition required to accomplish the
the Navy and the MAGTF to conduct amphibious assigned mission.
Figure 2-18. Sample TACLOG Relationships.
l Ensure pre-positioned emergency supplies and organizations. TACLOGs must also be capable of
floating dumps are responsive to the MAGTF’s performing the following tasks:
needs and moved rapidly to the designated location
when required. l Coordinating pre-D-day and pre-H-hour transfers
l Ensure on-call waves are prepared to move ashore involving landing force personnel and equipment.
rapidly to the designated location. l Monitoring scheduled waves.
l Orchestrate preparations for nonscheduled waves to l Providing information and recommendations to the
move ashore. Navy control organization to facilitate the landing
of on-call and nonscheduled serials/waves.
Based on the mission, TACLOG becomes the primary l Processing and coordinating requests for support.
and critical link between the MAGTF and the Navy l Expediting, in coordination with the Navy control
control organization, LFSP, and HST. The TACLOG organization, the landing of personnel, supplies,
must know the status of all phases of the ship-to-shore and equipment in accordance with plans and orders.
movement and the status of the LFSP, shore party,
HST, and the Navy control organization. l Advising the Navy control organization of the
location of requested items.
Recommending the type of landing craft or
Tasks
l
helicopter(s) required based on the tactical situation

Each TACLOG, despite command level or specific ashore and the availability of transportation assets.
focus, must be prepared to process requests and l Anticipating requirements and coordinating the
provide recommendations to Navy control debarkation of nonscheduled serials.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2-18 MCWP 4-11.3
l Advising the Navy control organization of the is normally located aboard the amphibious force
priority for landing serials during periods of flagship. The basic organization is prescribed by the
congestion at the off-load site or when a shortage of landing force commander and indicated in the
transportation assets affects the tactical situations MAGTF operation order. The landing force
ashore. commander specifies which subordinate commanders
l Advising the Navy control organization of changes are to organize and operate TACLOGs and ensures the
in the landing sequence or landing plan and their TACLOG structure parallels the Navy control
effect on the tactical situation ashore. structure. If subordinate commanders are required to
establish TACLOGs, their operation orders should
l Maintaining records of the landing’s progress. This
specify the composition of their TACLOG.
includes the date-time-group (DTG) of scheduled,
on-call, and nonscheduled serials; indicating those
requested and those landed; and the current location Personnel assigned to the TACLOG must include both
of serials not yet landed. tactical and CSS personnel who are thoroughly
familiar with MAGTF plans, Navy control procedures,
l Sending/receiving periodic serial status reports to and movement capabilities of both the Navy and the
the landing force commander concerning the MAGTF. Representatives should include a G-3/S-3
buildup ashore and other factors that may delay or (operations staff officer) representative (responsible
change the landing plan. for the TACLOG until the general off-load), a G-4/S-4
l Coordinating with the Navy control organization (logistic staff officer) representative (responsible for
to ensure that the ship’s locations and movements the TACLOG once the general off-load begins), a
do not conflict with MAGTF operations or MAGTF/unit embarkation officer, a CSSE
communications. representative, communications personnel,
l Monitoring the progress of tactical operations to administrative personnel, and liaison personnel from
anticipate requirements, coordinate the landing of other units. Assigned personnel must possess a
nonscheduled and nonserialized sections, and detailed knowledge of the operation order;
recommend adjustments or deviations from the embarkation order; CSS concept; ship’s loading plans;
landing plan as required. tactical and CSS requirements; and plans, capabilities,
l Formulating decisions that may affect tactical and documents relating to the landing.
operations ashore (within the limits of authority
delegated to the TACLOG officer in charge [OIC]).
Coordinating the buildup of supplies at BSAs and
l
HLZs and/or combat service support areas (CSSAs)

Helicopter Support Teams
with the LFSP, HST, and other CSS organizations.
l Identifying landing requirements (landing craft/
helicopters). Mission
l Maintaining records of the ship’s location and The HST’s mission is to facilitate the landing and
informing the LFSP and HST commanders of movement of helicopterborne forces, equipment, and
changes as they occur. supplies to and within the landing zone. Normally, an
l Coordinating and assisting in the control of HST is employed in each landing zone to provide
withdrawal operations with the Navy control support to units operating in and around that zone. An
organization and ship’s combat cargo officer as HST is formed for all helicopterborne operations. The
required. HST also supports the evacuation of casualties
and EPWs.
Task Organization
Once the HST is established in the landing zone, it
The organization of each TACLOG varies to meet the assumes responsibility for helicopter terminal
requirements of a specific unit and operation. guidance from the reconnaissance unit. HST
TACLOGs are composed of landing force tactical and operations are terminated when the helicopterborne
logistical representatives. The landing force TACLOG unit is no longer dependent on helicopter support as
the primary means of support or when a combat The HST normally consists of an advance party,
service support buildup commences in the headquarters, helicopter control section, and landing
landing zone. zone platoon (see figure 2-19). HST personnel must be
fully trained and capable of carrying out their assigned
duties (including the special considerations required of
HST Organizational Structure helicopterborne operations).
The HST is a task organization composed of personnel
and equipment from the helicopterborne unit and the The MAGTF operation order specifies when control
LFSP. It is augmented from other units as required. of the landing zone passes from the HST to the CSSE.
The actual organization and commander of the HST is Passing control can be specified by a specific time or
decided by the helicopterborne unit commander. This event (i.e., when sufficient CSSE C2 capability is in
decision is based on the mission and whether a combat the landing zone) or by order of the landing force
service support buildup is planned for the area. commander.
Figure 2-19. Helicopter Support Team.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2-20 MCWP 4-11.3
Advance Party l A communications section provided by the

communications platoon of the helicopterborne unit
The advance party consists of eight to ten personnel or from the shore party as appropriate.
drawn from each section of the HST. The advance l An MP section from the shore party.
party lands early, reconnoiters a site for the CSS l A security section for internal security of the
installation, establishes the command post, and erects landing zone. The security section is provided by
unloading point markers (appendix A). the helicopterborne unit.
Communications personnel provide immediate l An evacuation section provided by the medical
communications. Landing zone control personnel section of the helicopterborne unit.
control the helicopters operating within the zone. The
l The liaison section that accompanied the
OIC of the advance party assumes OPCON over the headquarters element of the helicopterborne unit.
reconnaissance unit that provided the initial terminal
guidance into the landing zone. The OIC retains
control of the reconnaissance unit until the helicopter Helicopter Control Section
control section assumes responsibility. After the HST
The ACE provides personnel for the helicopter control
is established in the landing zone, the advance party
section. The helicopter control section is generally
disbands and its personnel revert to their parent
organized into three sections: air traffic control,
section within the HST.
communications, and helicopter maintenance and
refueling. The helicopter control section establishes
Helicopter Support Team Headquarters and operates electronic and visual navigation aids that
guide aircraft. It directs and controls helicopter
operations within the landing zone.
If no CSS buildup is planned, the HST headquarters
comes from the helicopterborne unit. If a CSS buildup
is planned, the HST headquarters comes from the Landing Zone Platoon
LFSP’s or CSSE’s landing support platoon, this
The landing zone platoon is provided by the same unit
simplifies transfer of control to the CSSE once the
that provides the HST command section. The landing
CSS buildup begins. The HST headquarters assumes
zone platoon is organized into command, supply, and
control of the landing zone as rapidly as possible. The
equipment sections. If MHE is required in the landing
HST headquarters consists of— zone or if helicopter slings and related equipment are
required for external lifts, the equipment section is
l A command section provided by the appropriate provided by the shore party because this type of
platoon headquarters and augmented as required. equipment is not organic to combat units.
CHAPTER 3. TRANSPORTATION COMMAND AND CONTROL
Transportation management and movement control

Movement Control agencies must function the same during training
exercises as they do during operations. In some
The organizations and their movement control cases, the agencies are permanent. For example,
responsibilities described in this paragraph are every MAGTF should have a full-time transportation
applicable to marshaling, movement and deployment. section. For smaller MAGTFs, this may be no more
Amphibious and maritime pre-positioning force than one or two Marines in the combat service
(MPF) operations apply a transportation C2 structure support operations center. In other cases, movement
control agencies are temporary. Battalions,
tailored specifically to their specialized mission,
squadrons, regiments, and aircraft groups establish
which is detailed later in this chapter.
temporary movement control centers when their
organizations are moving. Local standing operating
Movement control centers (MCCs) are agencies that procedures (SOPs) establish the composition and
plan, route, schedule, and control personnel, supplies, procedures for MCCs. Figure 3-1 depicts the
and equipment movements over LOCs (point of origin relationships between various commands, their
to POE, POD to final destination or movements within movement control agencies, and supporting
the AO). organizations during deployment of a MAGTF.
Figure 3-1. Movement Control Relationships During Deployment.

______________________________________________________________________________________________
3-2 MCWP 4-11.3
Movement Control Agencies needed to execute deployments. On order, each

command activates its unit movement control center
The following paragraphs describe movement control (UMCC) to support marshaling and movement.
agencies during deployment.
Organizational UMCCs
Marine Force Headquarters’ MCC
Every deploying unit down to battalion/squadron/
This is primarily an information processing agency to separate company level activates a UMCC to control
keep the Marine Corps forces (MARFOR) commander and manage its marshaling and movement.
abreast of the status of subordinate unit deployments.
This MCC can coordinate with the USTRANSCOM on
Base Operations Support Group
transportation requirements, priorities, and allocations as
required. When the MARFOR commander is operating
Bases from which MARFOR units deploy establish
in support of a JFC, the MARFOR’s MCC coordinates
base operations support groups to coordinate their
with TRANSCOM via the JFC’s JMC, which
efforts with those of the deploying units. Like
coordinates the requirements for all service components.
MARFOR commands, bases have transportation,
communications, and other assets useful to all
Force Movement Control Center commands during deployment.
This is the MAGTF commander’s agency to control

and coordinate all deployment support activities. It is
Station Operations Support Group
also the agency that coordinates with the
Air stations from which MARFOR units deploy
transportation component commands (AMC, MTMC,
establish station operations support groups to
MSC) of USTRANSCOM. When the MAGTF
coordinate their efforts with those of the deploying
operates as part of a joint force under a JFC, the force
units. Like major MARFOR commands, air stations
movement control center (FMCC) coordinates with
have transportation, communications, and other assets
TRANSCOM via the JFC’s JMC, which coordinates
useful to all commands during deployment.
the requirements for all service components.
Logistic Movement Control Center Flight Ferry Control Center
A CSSE or the supporting establishment(s) organize In addition to its MCC, the aircraft wing establishes a
logistic movement control centers (LMCCs) near flight ferry control center to control deploying aircraft.
deploying units. The FMCC tasks the LMCC to The flight ferry control center operates under the
provide organic or commercial transportation, cognizance of the MAW G-3.
transportation scheduling, MHE, and other support
during marshaling and movement. The FSSG/CSSE Movement Control in the Area of Operations
can also e s t a b l i s h t w o a d d i t i o n a l m o v e m e n t
control organizations subordinate to the LMCC to
support deployment: the arrival/departure airfield Movement Control Center
control group (A/DACG) and the port operations
group (POG). The MCC is the primary agency in the AO to manage
movement. As during deployments, lower echelon
commands only activate MCCs while they are
Major Subordinate Command Unit conducting movements. The MAGTF maintains an
Movement Control Centers MCC during the entire deployment. It may be no more
than the motor transport and embarkation staff
The division, wing, and FSSG commanders provide officers. In joint and combined operations, the
forces to deploying MAGTFs. The commanders MAGTF MCC establishes liaison and
control transportation and communications assets communications with the theater MCC and
other commands or host nations in whose areas Host-Nation Support

it is operating.
The MAGTF should use host-nation support
transportation support to the maximum extent feasible,
Local SOPs consistent with tactical considerations, to augment its
organic capability.
As with operations of MCCs during deployment, local
SOPs establish the composition and procedures for Standardization Agreements
MCCs. Figure 3-2 depicts relationships between
When operating in North Atlantic Treaty Organization
various commands, their movement control agencies,
(NATO) or quadripartite American, British, Canadian,
and supporting organizations after arrival in the AO.
and Australian Armies Standardization Program
The MAGTF commander often delegates
(ABCA), there are certain standardization agreements
responsibility for routine day-to-day movement (STANAGs) among the participating nations by which
control to the CSSE. Modifications to meet specific the MAGTF is obligated to abide. These agreements
operational requirements are in the transportation are called STANAGs in the NATO arena and
appendix to annex D of the operation order. quadripartite standardization agreements (QSTAGs)
in the ABCA arena.
MAGTF Movement Control Agencies
Movement control agencies in the AO are the Motor Transport Command and Control
same as in CONUS before deployment. Unit SOPs
should be applicable during both deployment and The MAGTF commander and his subordinate
employment. commanders must exercise varying degrees of control
Figure 3-2. Movement Control Relationships in the AO/Theater.

______________________________________________________________________________________________
3-4 MCWP 4-11.3
over their motor transport assets before and during Missions

operations to ensure mission accomplishment.
Another tool that the transportation commander has
available to control his assets is assignment of formal
Motor transport commanders plan and execute motor
missions. The following paragraphs provide detailed
transport operations by assigning appropriate
information on the CSS missions and their associated
missions based on the concept of CSS, establishing
responsibilities. These options give the commander
appropriate command relationships, and supervising
flexibility across a spectrum ranging from fully
the flow of support.
centralized to decentralized control. The formalized
mission structure facilitates changes by standardizing
Structure the responsibilities associated with each mission.
When used in conjunction with structural options and
CSSE motor transport units are task-organized. command relationships, formally assigned support
Transportation support tables of organization (T/Os) missions allow the commander to tailor transportation
and tables of equipment (T/Es) are often subject to support to the specific tactical situation.
peacetime personnel and equipment-programming
concerns and anticipated combat requirements. Transportation Missions
Transportation assets are limited; economy dictates
proper prioritization and allocation. The motor The concept of assigning formal missions to
transport commander task-organizes assets to support transportation units is intended to standardize CSS
the main effort, as directed by the commander, while relationships, responsibilities, and C2 procedures.
continuing to support the force as a whole. By task- Clean, simple, and responsive lines of C2 are
organizing the MAGTF commander retains prerequisite to flexibility. Assignment of formal
centralized control while providing for decentralized missions to transportation units improves support to
execution. Task-organizing promotes responsiveness. the MAGTF from the inception of the operation to
its termination. A s s i g n i n g f o r m a l s u p p o r t
m i s s i o n s t o a transportation unit facilitates
Command Relationships command and staff relationships; clarifies support
relationships; and establishes liaison and
The first tool for exercising C2 is establishment of communication responsibilities.
proper command relationships. A motor transport unit
may remain under the control of its parent
organization, allowing the motor transport commander Mission Assignment
to retain full authority over his organic units. This is
not the only method. Motor transport units (both Formal CSS missions assigned by the CSSE
permanent and task-organized) can also be assigned to commander to transportation units dictate specific
direct support (DS) of an organization other than their responsibilities for the supporting transportation unit
parent unit. Similarly, they can be attached to units and the supported unit. For the unit, mission
other than their parent organizations. They may be assignments establish not only the relationship to the
attached to other CSSE(s), GCE, ACE or even to the supported force, but also the relationship to other
forces of other armed Services. These options should support units. As shown in table 3-1, each of the three
always be considered during planning, keeping in formal CSS missions has five inherent responsibilities:
mind that when motor transport units are assigned DS
or attached to other organizations, centralized control l Priority of response to request.
is lost. The transportation commander no longer can
assign or change the mission of units, which have been l Area of responsibility.
assigned DS or attached to other organizations. The l Liaison requirements.
transportation commander retains responsibility for
l Establishment of communication.
supporting his units, which have been assigned DS
to another commander. l Locating/relocating.
Note: The terms DS and general support (GS), define l Responds to request for support, in order of priority,
specific responsibilities between supporting and from its supported unit first, then from its higher
supported units. They constitute a mission assignment headquarters, and finally from its subordinate units.
and are given to a unit in paragraph 3b of the In the event of conflicting requests, support to the
operations order. Attached constitutes a command supported unit takes precedence.
relationship. l Has as its AOR the supported unit’s AO.
l Establishes communications with the supported unit
Table 3-1. Formal Combat Service and higher headquarters.
Support Missions. l Is positioned by higher headquarters in coordination
with the supported unit. Positioning must
CSS Missions
complement the overall mission and consider the
Direct Support General Support needs of the supported unit.
Responds to CSS Supported unit. HHQ CSSE or

requests in priority MAGTF. General Support
HHQ CSSE or
form: MAGTF. Supported unit.
Own units. Own units.
A mission of GS provides transportation support to
the MAGTF under the direction of the MAGTF or
Has as its tactical Area HHQ. Area of CSSE headquarters. This mission provides
area of supported unit. responsive support to the requirements of the
responsibility:
supported commanders. However, the CSSE
Establishes liaison Supported unit. Supported unit. commander retains control of the prioritization of
with: tasks. The GS mission is the most centralized
Establishes Supported unit. Supported unit. tactical mission. A unit assigned this mission—
communications HHQ CSSE or HHQ CSSE or
with: MAGTF. MAGTF. l Responds to transportation requests, in priority,
from supported units and CSS units.
Positioned by: HHQ CSSE or Higher CSS HQ.
MAGTF in l Has as its AOR the HHQ’s AO.
coordination
with supported l Establishes liaison as required by the operational
unit. situation with the supported units.
l Establishes communications with the supported unit
and higher headquarters.
Supporting Transportation l Is positioned by higher headquarters. If there is no
Unit Responsibilities higher headquarters direction, it positions itself to
best support the supported commander’s concept of
Direct Support operations.
Each unit assigned the mission of DS is immediately Attached

responsive to the needs of the designated supported
element. It furnishes sustained support to that element When attached and subject to limitations imposed
and coordinates its operations to complement the in the attachment order, the commander of the unit
concept of operations of the supported element. The or organization receiving the transportation
essential feature of the DS mission is the one-to-one attachment will exercise the same degree of C2 as
relationship between supporting and supported units. over organic units. The responsibility for transfer
The DS mission is a decentralized formal mission. and promotion of personnel will normally be
A unit assigned this mission— retained by the parent organization.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3-6 MCWP 4-11.3
Supported Unit Responsibilities

Transportation C2 in Amphibious/Landing
Requirements Support Operations
Determination and identification of transportation The LFSP’s success lies in its ability to C2 its support
requirements that exceed the organic capabilities of elements on the beach, at the port, and in the landing
the supported unit are the responsibility of the zone. To establish an effective C2 system, the LFSP must
supported unit in coordination with the supporting integrate into the amphibious force’s C2 systems. See
CSSE. Identification of requirements is the first step in JP 3-02, JP 3-02.1, Joint Doctrine for Landing Force
the process of obtaining transportation support. Operations, JP 3-02.2, Joint Doctrine for Amphibious
Embarkation, FMFM 1-8, and FMFM 4-2, The Naval
In the requirements determination process, the Beach Group, for detailed C2 information.
supported unit commander must evaluate his assigned
mission, the situation, task organization, organic
equipment capabilities and density, and the concept of Shore Party and Beach Party Teams
operations. The supported unit commander must fully
The shore party team commander controls and
use organic motor transport assets before requesting
coordinates landing support activities within the
transportation support. The CSSE commander must be
assigned numbered, color-designated beach (e.g.,
engaged in the process to assist the supported unit.
red 1). Normally, the shore party team commander
This enhances the CSSE commander’s ability to
lands with the shore party team’s advance party.
anticipate demand.
The shore party team commander remains on the
beach to initiate control and coordination of all
A transportation support requirement generates a
landing support tasks.
request to move specific quantities of cargo or
personnel. The request is not a request for specific
types or quantities of vehicles unless the tactical The beach party team commander lands with the shore
situation drives such a request. The supporting party team commander and is under the OPCON of the
transportation unit commander will determine types shore party team commander until the beach party
and quantities of vehicles to support the requirement. group commander assumes control of the beach party.
Additionally, effective communications must be
maintained between the supported unit and the Shore Party and Beach Party Groups
supporting unit to establish requirements, priorities,
and allocation of resources. The shore party group commander controls and
coordinates shore party activities within a designated
colored beach (typically, a color designates the beach
Prioritization
for a regimental landing team). This may include two
The supported unit commander should establish or more numbered beaches (e.g., blue 1, blue 2). Once
priorities well in advance so that the supporting unit the shore party group commander lands, he assumes
can develop a complementary concept of support. control of subordinate shore party team activities. The
Priorities, however, cannot be dealt with in a vacuum. shore party group commander is the operational
Many other considerations dictate how the commander for both the shore party teams and the
transportation unit will do its job. beach party group. The shore party group commander
also begins to consolidate activities at the group level.
Consolidation activities include—
Allocation of Resources
During planning, the supported unit commander must l Redistributing shore party team personnel and
establish priorities and allocations. When prioritizing, equipment as required.
the commander establishes the precedence of who and l Establishing shore party group communications and
what. When allocating, the commander establishes consolidation of existing shore party team
how much. communications.
l Sending liaison personnel to supported unit

headquarters.
l Coordinating defensive measures.
l Coordinating beach party functions with the beach
party group commander.
l Submitting reports and records.
The beach party group commander assumes control of

the beach party teams after the beach party group lands.
The beach party group commander remains under the
OPCON of the shore party group commander until
the CSSE lands and absorbs the shore party
groups; then, the beach party commander assumes
responsibility for beach party operations.
Landing Force Support Party

The LFSP commander controls and supervises landing
support operations as set forth in the Combat Service
Support Control Agencies Plan tab E to appendix 14 Figure 3-3. Final Command and
(Amphibious Operations) to annex C (Operations) of Control Relationship.
the operation order. The LFSP command element
ensures success of landing support through close
Once HST operations in support of the
coordination, timely reinforcement, and consolidation
helicopterborne unit initial insertion cease, the LFSP
of CSS activities. The LFSP commander moves the
assumes responsibility for sustainment of the
LFSP command post ashore once the situation allows.
helicopterborne unit and operation of the associated
LZSA. Those HST units previously attached to the
The LFSP commander establishes the LFSP helicopterborne unit return to OPCON of the LFSP.
headquarters ashore and assumes OPCON of the shore
party, beach party, and other LFSP units ashore. The
shore and beach party commanders retain ADCON of Reports and Records
their respective units (see figure 3-3). The LFSP
headquarters’ personnel and equipment that Reports and records are crucial to establish and
accompany the LFSP commander ashore should be maintain C2 during the initial phase of an amphibious
minimal since the LFSP commander will use existing assault. Reports provide the status of the movement,
assets of the shore party headquarters to coordinate personnel, and supplies ashore. It is essential that the
with the CLF and commander, amphibious task LFSP provide the landing force commander with the
force (CATF).To avoid duplication, the shore and status of units ashore. This information becomes a
beach party headquarters become part of the basis for the commander’s tactical decisions. The
LFSP C2 system. reports’ paragraph or report tab to the landing force
support party appendix to annex D (Logistics/Combat
Service Support) of the operation order identifies the
Helicopter Support Team required content and time of submission of LFSP
reports. The required reports vary with each operation.
The HST commander controls and coordinates all
landing support activities within the assigned LZSA. Subordinate units of the shore party and HST maintain
The HST commander normally lands with the HST and must continually update unit and equipment
advance party. movement records. These records are submitted to
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3-8 MCWP 4-11.3
higher headquarters where they are consolidated with Ships’ Position Chart
other applicable material to develop the required
reports. The following paragraphs discuss some of the This chart indicates the relative position of each ship
records that must be maintained. that is or will be unloaded by a shore party echelon.
Beach (Landing Zone) Support Area Overlay Ships’ Unloading Status Chart
This overlay shows the location and disposition of all This chart provides the LFSP commander with the
units, combat service support dumps, unloading points, unloading status of each transport/cargo ship. It also
command posts, landing support units, bivouac areas, provides unit commanders and their staffs with the
temporary bivouacs in the BSA, LZSA, road net, traffic status of their troops and gear. The ships’ unloading
control plans, and landing support installations. status chart includes—
l Percentage of personnel unloaded.

Beach (Landing Zone) Defense Overlay l Percentage of vehicles unloaded.
l Percentage of cargo, by class, unloaded.
This overlay shows the defensive organization of the
support area. All organizations assigned a ground l Estimated percentage of entire ship unloaded.
defensive mission in the support area are shown, even l Estimated time of completion to unload entire ship.
if they are not organic to the shore party team or HST.
l Ship’s scheduled time of return to the sea echelon.
This overlay is submitted to the next higher landing
support echelon and the supported unit commander as
soon as possible. Changes are reported as they occur. Dump Status Chart
This chart reflects quantity of supplies received,
Tactical Situation Overlay issued, and on hand at a specified time.
Since the shore party/HST requires security and

protection during a landing, it is essential that the
Casualty and EPW Evacuation Chart
shore party/HST be aware of the tactical situation.
This chart shows the number of casualties and EPWs
The tactical situation overlay identifies the tactical
received, evacuated, and retained.
disposition of all friendly forces and aids in the
delivery of CSS. The tactical situation overlay is also
used to brief arriving unit commanders on the latest Vehicle and Equipment Status Chart
tactical situation.
This chart provides the disposition of vehicles and
equipment operating under control of the LFSP.
Enemy Situation Overlay
This overlay shows the location of enemy forces in the

LFSP Personnel Distribution Chart
objective area. It is used to identify the current enemy
This chart shows personnel attached to the LFSP by
situation for the shore party/HST commanders and to
unit and their deployment to subordinate landing
orient unit commanders passing through the area.
support units.
Disposition to Seaward Chart Serials Landed Status Report

This chart shows the location and disposition of This report records the status of equipment and
friendly naval units. It includes picket boats and off- personnel who have reached their intended
shore transfer barges. designated beach.
Communications unloading points, dumps by class of supplies,

beaching points for landing ships, range markers,
To maintain C2, the LFSP must communicate with landing points for vehicles, and casualty evacuation
each of its units, the TACLOG, and ships points. Standard markers are available to support
participating in the landing. A reliable, flexible, both day and night operations. Appendix A
and effective communications net is essential to contains illustrations of standard beach and landing
C2 because it allows the commander to monitor site markers.
the status of the LFSP.
Note: TACLOGs monitor ship-to-shore movement and

provide the CATF and CLF with critical information Transportation C2 in MPF Arrival
concerning the movement and forces ashore.
and Assembly Operations
As soon as advance units of the shore party or HST
land, they establish primary and alternative Maritime pre-positioning provides a combatant
communications nets. Alternative communications commander with deployment flexibility and increased
nets generally parallel beachmaster communications capability to respond rapidly to crisis or contingency
nets and are used if the primary communications net with a credible force. The purpose of an MPF
fails. After advance units have landed and established operation is to rapidly establish a MAGTF ashore to
communications, they relay requests for troop serials conduct subsequent operations across the operational
and supplies from the commanders ashore to the continuum. An MPF operation may consist of one ship
TACLOGs located on the control ships. All requests and an appropriate sized MAGTF or all maritime
for troop serials and supplies are made via the LFSP, pre-positioning ships squadrons (MPSRONs).
except when LFSP communications are not
established. If the urgency of the situation or the Arrival and Assembly
failure of a communications net requires the landing
force to transmit its requirements directly to the Arrival and assembly may well be the most crucial
TACLOG through a tactical or command net, the phase of an MPF operation and includes—
landing force must notify the LFSP immediately upon
reestablishment of communications. l Initial preparation of the AAA.
l Coordinated arrival and off-load of equipment and
The shore party/HSTs are the primary users of
supplies from the MPSRON (in port, across a beach
communications equipment, messengers, wire,
or both).
facsimiles, radios, and supplementary (visual and
sound) communications because they must l Reception of the FIE.
communicate with the ship, landing craft, and aircraft. l Movement and distribution of the MPE/S.
In addition to standard communications equipment,
l Security.
the LFSP uses supplementary communications (e.g.,
public address systems, electronic megaphones, l Preparation for the MAGTF operational mission.
various signal lights) to direct the landing and
movement of crafts in and around the beaches and Commencement and Disestablishment
the HLZ. See MCWP 6-22 for specific
communications information. The arrival and assembly phase begins on arrival of
the first maritime pre-positioning ship or the first
Beach and Landing Site Markers aircraft of the main body at the designated AAA. This
phase ends when adequate equipment and supplies are
The use of beach and landing site markers is another off-loaded and issued to awaiting units, C2
method to maintain control. Standard markers are used communications are established, and the MAGTF
by the shore party teams and the HSTs to maintain commander reports that all essential elements of the
order and to facilitate smooth operations ashore. MAGTF have attained combat readiness.
Markers locate and identify beaches, landing sites, Simultaneous or subsequent tactical operations by the
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
3-10 MCWP 4-11.3
MAGTF and movements to those operations are not l Coordinate the association of MPE/S with
considered part of the MPF operation. designated organizations.
l Provide initial C2 functions for the MAGTF in the
Arrival and Assembly Organizations AAA.
l Direct and coordinate the AAOE’s operations.
MPF C2 organizations and their relationships for
arrival and assembly are depicted in figure 3-4. l Provide direction, coordination, and interface with
the LFSP and ACO until such time as the respective
MAGTF elements assume responsibility for those
Arrival and Assembly Operations Group functions.
The AAOG is a task-organized group from the l Publish the daily situation report.
MAGTF whose function is to coordinate and control
arrival and assembly operations. It consists of Arrival and Assembly Operations Element
personnel from all MAGTF elements plus liaison from
the CNSE. The AAOG must— Each element within the MAGTF and Navy support
element (NSE) establishes an AAOE to perform the
l Monitor the airflow of the FIE into the AAA. following tasks:
Figure 3-4. C2 Organizations for Arrival and Assembly.

l Provide initial C2 activities within the assembly Port Operations Group

area until arrival of the element commander.
The POG is a task-organized group from the
l Receive MPE/S and verify items with the MAGTF. MAGTF’s beach and terminal operations unit and the
Distribute MPE/S to unit equipment reception Navy cargo handling force. The POG may be retained
points (ERPs) per the MAGTF commander’s after arrival and assembly for the off-load of resupply
distribution plan. shipping as well as retrograde of damaged equipment.
The POG is responsible for preparing the port prior to
l Provide liaison with the AAOG. arrival of the maritime pre-positioning ship and the
throughput of supplies and equipment as they are off-
l Coordinate security in the assembly areas.
loaded from the ship. The POG operates under the
l Oversee preparations for combat. overall direction of the LFSP and in coordination with
the ship’s debarkation officer. The POG is responsible
l Provide throughput reports to the AAOG as for the following tasks:
directed by the arrival and assembly plan.
l Establish overflow areas for supplies and
equipment.
Airfield Coordination Officer
l Clear piers and overflow areas of material.
The airfield coordination officer is designated by the
MAGTF commander under the cognizance of the l Establish communications with the LFSP and ship’s
ACE and acts as the single point of contact for host- debarkation officer.
nation support and other support peculiar to aviation
l Establish liaison with host-nation port authorities
operations at the airfield(s). Non-Air Mobility
for employment of cargo and material handling
Command support requirements identified by the equipment, operations and longshoreman support,
tanker airlift control element (TALCE) advanced and dunnage.
echelon will be coordinated through the airfield
coordination officer. The airfield coordination officer l Operate cargo/materials handling equipment
should be a member of the survey, liaison, and including shore-based cranes, forklifts, tractors,
reconnaissance party (SLRP) to facilitate airfield dollies, lighting, etc.
operational planning.
l Assist Navy cargo handling force detachments in
ship off-load as directed and transport cargo to
Landing Force Support Party overflow areas as necessary.
The LFSP is a task-organized unit composed primarily l Establish bulk fuel/water reception and transfer
of elements from the CSSE and NSE augmented by facilities as directed.
other MAGTF elements. The LFSP controls
l Be prepared to continue port operations for follow-
throughput of personnel and MPE/S at the port, beach,
on shipping.
and airfield. The LFSP falls under the control of the
OIC, AAOG and has four principal throughput groups:
Beach Operations Group
l POG. The BOG is a task-organized group from the
MAGTF landing support unit and the NSE. The
l Beach operations group (BOG). BOG operates under the overall direction of the
l AACG. LFSP and in coordination with the assault craft unit.
The BOG may be retained after the arrival and
l MCC. assembly for the off-load of follow-on shipping.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
3-12 MCWP 4-11.3
The functions of the BOG and associated NSE

beach party teams (BPTs) include:
l Providing the beach area C2 necessary to control

and coordinate the throughput of MPE/S.
l Organizing and developing the beach area as
necessary to support the throughput of MPE/S, to
include designating and establishing overflow
areas.
l Coordinating the bulk fluid transfer as required.
l Off-loading lighterage at the beach.
l Providing direction for MAGTF drivers to move
vehicles from the lighterage.
l Providing surge vehicle operators.
l Preparing for follow-on operations.
Figure 3-5. Movement Control

Arrival Airfield Control Group Center Relationships.
The AACG is responsible for the control and provides the automated information support necessary
coordination of the off-load of airlifted units and to assist in the control of transportation operations.
equipment and provides limited combat service
support to those units. The AACG is task-organized MAGTF II/LOG AIS is a family of coordinated,
around a nucleus provided by the landing support mutually supporting, automated systems designed to
company of the CSSE and is structured and manned to support deliberate and crisis action/time-sensitive
provide continuous operations support for multiple planning, deployment, employment, and redeployment
aircraft. Normally, the AACG will deploy as an of a MAGTF in independent, joint and/or
element of the advance party and initiate operations at multinational operations. MAGTF II/LOG AIS is
the arrival airfield. AACG is the point of contact composed of interrelated systems that perform
between TALCE at the arrival airfield and the LFSP. common and discrete functions (see figure 3-6). It also
includes the MAGTF Data Library (MDL), which
Movement Control Center serves as source data for the systems.
The MCC is the agency that plans, routes, schedules, Each system shares a common database, yet performs
and controls personnel and equipment movements separate and complementary functions. Each of the
over LOCs. In MPF operations, the MCC forms the systems uses the same data and, if so desired, the same
MPE/S being off-loaded from the ship or aircraft into plan. This allows a plan (see figure 3-7 and figure 3-8,
separate AAOE convoys for movement to the AAOEs on page 3-14) to go through the various stages of
(see figure 3-5). creation, sourcing, assignment to transportation assets
and time-phased force deployment data (TPFDD)
construction without the necessity of exporting data
from one system to another.
Automated Information Systems Support
MAGTF II
MAGTF II/Logistics Automated Information MAGTF II is used by the Marine Corps planning
System community to create contingency and execution
operations plans. Additionally, MAGTF II acts as the
The MAGTF II/logistics automated information Marine Corps’ TPFDD interface with the Joint
system (MAGTF II/LOG AIS) family of systems Operations Planning and Execution System (JOPES).
Figure 3-6. MAGTF II LOG AIS Relationships.
Figure 3-7. MAGTF II and MDSS II Planning.
Used primarily in the planning and marshalling l Rapidly develop and refine TPFDD information
phases of operations, MAGTF II provides the to meet crisis planning based on combatant
information and functionality necessary to— commander and service-mandated deadlines.
l Forecast lift and sustainability requirements. l Compare and select alternative force structures.
l Provide deployment requirements to MAGTF
Deployment Support System II (MDSS II) for l Allow the rapid sharing of detailed deployment
detailed sourcing and refinement at the battalion, information between planners, operators, and
squadron or separate company level. logisticians.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
3-14 MCWP 4-11.3
Figure 3-8. MPF Functions.
Note: MAGTF II is to be replaced by the joint force

requirements generator II as part of the JOPES 2000
upgrade. No specific date for project termination has
been set.
MDSS II
MDSS II is the unit-level (battalion/squadron/separate

company) deployment planning and execution system
that provides MAGTF and subordinate elements a
single source automated deployment database. See
figures 3-9 and 3-10. MDSS II provides commanders
with the ability to respond to MAGTF II taskings for
detailed plan data. Used during all phases of an MPF
operation, MDSS II provides the information and
functionality necessary to— Figure 3-9. Deployment Systems Overview.
l Source and tailor plan-specific force structures l Use logistics applications of automated marking
composed of personnel, equipment, and supplies for and reading symbols (LOGMARS) for barcoding
multiple operation plans. and scanning to—
l Monitor embarkation readiness status. n Create labels.

n Rapidly associate containers/vehicles and their
l Provide movement and embarkation planning data. contents.
l Assign pre-positioned assets and equipment to n Update cargo and equipment date, time, and lo-
specific units. cation in the MDSSII database by downloading
data directly from the LOGMARS data collec-
l Develop and tailor equipment databases for future tion devices (DCDs) or transmitting real time
operations. from the DCD via wireless modem.
Figure 3-10. Deployment Support.
n Track equipment and supplies from ship to shore l Template deck diagrams for both amphibious and
and through phases of an off-load with near-real- Military Sealift Command shipping.
time updates.
l Produce dangerous cargo manifests.
l Create supply transactions that update asset l Conduct trim, stress, and stability calculations.
tracking for logistics and supply system (ATLASS) l Produce ‘as loaded’ deck diagrams upon
in order to create accountability records. completion of loading.
l Provide unit-level movement requirements
information to Transportation Coordinator’s Automated Note: CAEMS is to be replaced by the Integrated
Information for Movement System (TCAIMS) for Computerized Deployment System (ICODES) in the
determination and assignment of transportation from future.
origin to POE and POD to destination.
l Provide unit-level embarkation data to computer- TCAIMS
aided embarkation management system (CAEMS)
and computer aided load manifesting (CALM) Transportation coordinators (i.e., LMCC and motor
systems in order to prepare load plans. transportation coordinators) use TCAIMS to manage
l Provide standard and ad hoc reports in response to transportation assets in the deployment, employment,
information requests. and redeployment of operational forces.
l Provide equipment density lists to the Supported
TCAIMS provides the information and functionality
Activity Supply Systems (SASSY) management
necessary to—
unit (SMU) to develop Class IX and secondary
repairable requirements for using units.
l Manage requests, tasking, and dispatching
associated with daily transportation operations at all
CAEMS levels of command.
CAEMS is used by the unit-level embarkation officer l Plan, coordinate, and manage transportation assets
to accomplish detailed load planning of Amphibious from origin to POE and from POD to destinations.
and Military Sealift Command shipping and produce l Provides the source data that feeds
supporting documentation. CAEMS provides the USTRANSCOM and the Defense Transportation
information and functionality necessary to— System (DTS) to facilitate in-transit visibility (ITV).
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
3-16 MCWP 4-11.3
Note: MDSS II and TCAIMS will migrate to the joint Retail Ordnance Logistics Management System
system, TCAIMS II. No project termination date has
been set. ROLMS is a comprehensive system that can perform
all ammunition logistics management and reporting
functions, such as inventory, requisitioning, issues,
Supporting Systems
expenditures, receipts, asset maintenance, notice of
ammunition reclassification processing, and
The following are non-MAGTF II/LOG AIS systems
transaction reporting.
that provide support to transportation operations.
War Reserve System

MAGTF Data Library
This mainframe system is used to compute
The MDL serves both data distribution and data
sustainment and war reserve requirements for
quality control functions. Issued on a quarterly basis,
deliberate planning and crisis execution purposes in
this CD-ROM transmitted data set updates the
support of the various regional contingencies requiring
permanent technical data files within MAGTF II/LOG
Marine forces involvement. During deliberate
AIS. The users of MAGTF II/LOG AIS are provided
planning, sourced requirements from the system flow
an opportunity to submit requests to change or correct
into other MAGTF II information systems with the
this data through the use of a Data Trouble Report
ultimate result of updating TPFDDs for various
which is passed, via the logistics chain, to the
contingencies. In the event of contingency operations,
contractor tasked with maintaining the MDL.
materiel release transactions generated within the war
reserve system can pass into both retail and wholesale
Computer Aided Load Manifesting inventory systems as the means of withdrawing and
pushing equipment/materiel to the Marine forces in
A U.S. Air Force-developed and -maintained system, the operation area. The objective of the Marine Corps
CALMS provides a PC-based, automated tool for War Reserve Program is to ensure that acceptable
producing aircraft load plans. Selected data elements levels of materiel are available to support the Marine
are exported from MDSS II to CALMS for load forces during crisis or contingency operations. The
planning and lift estimation. War Reserve System interfaces with other Service’s
inventory systems including the DLA.
Note: CALMS is slated to be replaced by the joint
system, Automated Aircraft Load Planning System
(AALPS) in the future. Joint Deployment Systems
Fleet Optical Scanning Ammunition Global Command and Control System

Marking System
The global command and control system (GCCS) is the
joint standard for command and control systems and is
Fleet optical scanning ammunition marking system the communications and computer architecture for all
(FOSAMS) is a PC-based automated system that joint systems to operate on. It supports the JOPES.
tracks ammunition, creates government bills of lading
(GBLs), and continuation sheets. FOSAMS also
provides source data for dangerous cargo manifests as Time-Phased Force Deployment Data
well as interfacing with MDSS II.
The TPFDD registers all strategic (intertheater) sea
Note: FOSAMS is slated to be replaced by the U.S. and air movement requirements for deployment. The
Army managed Retail Ordnance Logistics TPFDD is a part of GCCS and is an automated support
Management System (ROLMS). tool for JOPES procedures.
Joint Flow and Analysis System for Transportation developed as the vehicle for developing and
maintaining ITV and total asset visibility.
Joint flow and analysis system for transportation
(JFAST) is an analytical tool for estimating time and Consolidated Aerial Ports System II
resources required to transport military forces under
various scenarios and situations. It can analyze Consolidated aerial ports system II (CAPS II) provides
transportation requirements from point of origin to an automated tool for AMC aerial ports with an
the POD. automated C2 capability and the ability to process
cargo and passenger movements.
Logistics Sustainment Analysis
and Feasibility Estimator Global Decision Support System
Logistics sustainment analysis and feasibility The global decision support system (GDSS) is an
estimator (LOGSAFE) aids the planner by AMC system that schedules, tracks, and controls all
assessing the sustainment feasibility of a proposed air movements.
operations plan.
World Port System
Global Transportation Network
The Worldwide Port System (WPS) supports the
The Global Transportation Network (GTN) is an management, tracking, and documentation of U.S.
automated transportation management system being cargo moving via ocean transportation.
CHAPTER 4. LANDING SUPPORT OPERATIONS
dissemination of planning data is essential to the

The Planning Process CSSE and LFSP commanders.
An amphibious operation is characterized by the

rapid build up of combat power ashore. A critical Concurrent Planning
part of the amphibious operation is the planning and The CLF and the landing force staff maintain
execution of landing the landing force. The LFSP continuous liaison with subordinate commands to
provides the initial CSS to the landing force. The ensure understanding. One factor of particular concern
operations, intelligence, and CSS staff sections of the to the LFSP is the determination of landing areas. The
amphibious force focus LFSP planning and CLF selects landing areas that, consistent with the
operations. The structure of the LFSP is based on the ability of surface and air units to provide support, will
landing force’s CSS requirements ashore. The facilitate accomplishment of the landing force
LFSP’s structure is determined during the planning mission. It is essential that concurrent planning occurs
phases of an amphibious operation. between the landing force staff and subordinate
commanders since time constraints can reduce
The LFSP is formed and equipped to facilitate the planning opportunities. If possible, subordinate CSS
landing and movement of personnel, supplies, and planners should be included in operational planning.
equipment across the beach, into HLZ or through a
port; to evacuate casualties and EPWs; and to
perform the beaching, retraction, and salvage of Detailed Planning
landing ships and crafts. The LFSP also must provide
personnel and equipment to support the landing of The MAGTF, after coordination with landing force
airborne, air assault or helicopterborne forces, units, determines landing support assistance
equipment, and supplies. requirements. Based on these estimated requirements,
the CSSE commander, LFSP commander, and LFSP
staff request additional Marine Corps CSS units and
Preliminary Planning equipment and/or Navy augmentation if required. The
CSSE staff coordinates landing support planning with
The landing force’s planning guidance comes from the the appropriate staff section within the amphibious
amphibious operation’s initiating directive. The CLF force.
determines the extent of participation by unit
commanders during preliminary planning. During
preliminary planning, the CATF and CLF are Parallel Planning
responsible for the following:
Parallel planning is the continuous planning performed
l The CLF, with the concurrence of the CATF, by the CATF and CLFs subordinate units and staffs to
selects primary and alternate landing areas. facilitate the execution of an amphibious landing. This
coordination facilitates smooth landing operations.
l The CLF selects the landing beach and HLZs from
information provided by the CATF.
l The CATF selects the tentative date and hour of Augmentation
landing after consultation with the CLF. The LFSP commander determines augmentation
l The CLF develops the landing force concept of required from Marine Corps units or the Navy. The
operations ashore. The CLF and CATF’s decisions LFSP notifies the CSSE commander or the applicable
impact the CSSE and LFSP commanders’ planning staff officer. Requests for Navy augmentation must be
processes. Therefore, early and continuous made as early as possible during the planning process.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4-2 MCWP 4-11.3
Planning Considerations terminated once the CSSE commander assumes

responsibility for CSS ashore.
Principal considerations that affect the landing support
mission and ultimately the structure of the LFSP
include— Note: The task organization of the shore party team/
group and HST creates units that require extensive
l Early, detailed analysis of the objective area. training prior to landing support operations.
l Analysis of tactical plans and their landing support Therefore, shore party teams/groups and HSTs must
requirements. be activated as early as possible to allow
l Timely and complete training of the task-organized organization and training prior to embarkation. The
LFSP. CLF is responsible for the control and coordination
of these units.
l Detailed planning for organization of BSAs and
LZSA.
l Combat loading of each assault ship. Landing Force Support Party Operation Plan
l Employment of the sea echelon concept.
l Establishment of adequate communications between The LFSP operation plan provides information and
tactical units, control elements, and landing support instructions required by the shore party or HST
units (includes shore party and helicopter support). commanders to implement the CLFs decisions and
l Defense requirements of BSAs and landing areas. concept of operations for a specific mission. It is
l Composition of the assault echelon and assault normally published as a tab to appendix 14 to annex C.
follow-on echelon.
l Evaluation of enemy activity and installations in the Landing Force Support Party Appendix
objective area.
l Establishment of the landing force’s scheme of The LFSP tab appendix 14 to annex C sets forth the
maneuver and landing plan. concept of operations and the detailed and special
l Evaluation of beach hydrographic conditions and tasks required to accomplish specific landing support
terrain features inland from the beaches. This also missions. It contains control instructions and floating
includes HLZs. dump instructions, identifies pre-positioned
l Quantity and types of supplies to be landed from emergency supplies, establishes priorities for LFSP
assault shipping. equipment, and identifies missions assigned to each
l Availability of personnel, supplies, and equipment major subordinate section. It also identifies the
for shore party operations. relationship of landing support operations to the
l Availability of assault shipping. overall CSS and landing force schemes of maneuver.
l Development of plans for handling EPWs.
l Development of casualty evacuation and disaster Landing Force Support Party Order
recovery plans.
l Identification of coordination requirements with The LFSP commander issues amplifying instructions
other agencies. to subordinates in the form of an operation order.
l Concept of CSS. These instructions only pertain to subordinate units
and are, therefore, not suitable for inclusion in the
Planning Documents LFSP tab to appendix 14 to annex C (Operations). If a
complete LFSP order is used, the LFSP tab to
Activation Order appendix 14 to annex C (Operations) can be very brief.
If the LFSP order is not detailed, the LFSP tab
The LFSP activation order is issued by the CLF. The appendix 14 to annex C (Operations) must provide all
LFSP activates on order of the CLF and is normally necessary information.
Intelligence Considerations Ship-to-Shore Movement
Accurate and timely intelligence is the keystone to Ship-to-shore movement is that portion of an
planning and decisionmaking. Once intelligence amphibious operation that moves the landing force off
requirements are determined, all available information assault shipping and into a designated area. Its
is studied and evaluated to prepare for the landing objective is to ensure the landing of troops, equipment,
support mission. To plan landing support requirements and supplies at the prescribed time and place. The
effectively, the CLF requires detailed intelligence. LFSP is a temporary, task organization of the
Intelligence information must address— amphibious force that facilitates the landing and
movement of troops, equipment, and supplies across
l Topography. beaches and into landing zones, ports, and airfields;
assists in evacuating casualties and EPWs from
l Local resources.
beaches and landing zones; and assists in the beaching,
l Manmade obstructions. retracting, and salvaging of landing ships and crafts.
The CATF has overall responsibility for preparation of
l Climate. plans and control of the ship-to-shore movement. The
l Routes of communications. CLF is responsible for determining the landing force’s
requirements for ship-to-shore movement. The
l Enemy methods. responsibility for embarkation and landing of the
l Enemy installations. LFSP rests with the supported tactical unit.
l Equipment and activities.

The landing support units are attached to the
l Beaches. supported tactical unit for embarkation and landing
purposes only. The type of control exercised in the
l Hydrographic conditions (critical).
ship-to-shore movement is based on the type of
l Terrain immediately inland from the beaches and movement required and the concept of operations
around landing zones. ashore. Typically, centralized control is exercised up
to the limits of communications. The control system
l General character of surf and inshore currents and must provide for rapid fulfillment of landing force
their effect on landing craft. requirements ashore. The LFSP relies on three
l Beach gradient and its affect on the beaching of agencies afloat for the proper and timely execution of
landing craft and use of vehicles. its mission: the Navy control group, helicopter
logistics support center, and TACLOG. Detailed
l Depth of water inshore, as related to determination planning of the ship-to-shore movement begins after
of anchorage and maneuverability of supporting the landing forces’ scheme of maneuver is
vessels. determined and allocation of resources is finalized.
l Composition of the beach and its influence on
beaching and retracting landing craft and soil Final ship-to-shore planning is expressed in the land-
trafficability for personnel and vehicles. ing plan. The landing plan establishes the landing pri-
l Tidal range of the designated beaches in relation to ority among various elements of the landing force,
existing and reinforcing obstacles and beach provides overall coordination of ship-to-shore move-
widths. ment, and allocates resources. It is issued as tab C
(Landing Plan) to appendix 14 (Amphibious Opera-
l Location of obstacles as related to their influence on tions) to annex C (Operations).
beaching landing craft or landing helicopters and
debarking personnel and material.
See JPs 3-02.1 and 3-02.2 and FMFM 1-8 for detailed
l Range and time of tides. information.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4-4 MCWP 4-11.3
Shore Party Team to support the transportation needs of the shore party
team. Therefore, motor transport/heavy equipment
There may be one or more shore party teams. The items not needed immediately by shore and service
exact number of teams is contingent upon the landing platoons are loaded into landing craft and called
plan. To support the assigned BSA effectively, the ashore as needed on nonscheduled waves.
entire shore party team must be embarked aboard the
same amphibious shipping so all elements of the
team arrive at their destination at approximately the Headquarters
same time.
The shore party team headquarters lands in an on-call
Normally, shore party teams land and establish wave and is phased ashore with other sections once the
designated beaches to support a unit the size of a BLT. beach is organized and ready for the headquarters to
Therefore, the shore party team’s advance party is one take control. It does not land with the advance party.
of the first sections to land on the beach. The shore
party team’s remaining personnel and equipment are Helicopter Support Team
landed in an on-call wave as soon as the tactical
situation allows. HSTs land early in the ship-to-shore movement and
establish landing zones that support a BLT-sized unit.
The HST, like the shore party team, is a basic building
Advance Party block for the LFSP.
The shore party team’s advance party, embarked in
two or more amphibious landing craft, lands as early Shore Party Group
as possible in the scheduled waves. Typically, the
advance party consists of a command section, liaison The shore party group consists of a headquarters,
section, communications section, and beach party shore party team(s), and, if necessary, special
section. The shore party and beach party team attachments. Each group phases ashore as required.
commanders land with the advance party. The advance
party’s liaison personnel and the landing force The group headquarters lands once designated beaches
command echelon generally embark and land together. are established, and they consolidate the existing shore
party teams into the shore party group. It is embarked
with the unit it supports. The command and
Shore Platoon communications sections embark on the same ship as
the landing force commander. Before H-hour, the
The shore platoon is located near the line of departure
command and communications sections transfer with
at H-hour waiting for the order to land. The platoon is the TACLOG to the primary control vessel stationed
normally in a landing craft with pre-selected, high
off their assigned beach so they can monitor the
priority equipment from the motor transport/heavy
landing of the shore party teams. Other sections, such
equipment platoon. The shore platoon constructs as the military police and the motor transport and
beach exits and lateral roads, assists in the unloading
equipment section may be embarked on other ships in
of cargo and equipment from landing craft and landing
the embarkation group. The remainder of the shore
ships, and helps the beach party team as required. party group headquarters, under command of the shore
party group executive officer, should be embarked
Service Platoon with the motor transport and equipment section.
The service platoon lands as directed by the shore The command section normally lands in two echelons:
party team and provides support to the team. one echelon lands with the shore party group
commander, and the other echelon lands with the
Motor Transport/Heavy Equipment Platoon shore party group executive officer. The shore party
group commander and selected personnel are landed
This platoon lands when the beach is secure enough to from a free boat as soon as consolidation and control
move heavy equipment ashore. It provides equipment of the shore party group can be effected. Remaining
sections of the shore party group headquarters are in may land in a nonscheduled wave if he is required
on-call or nonscheduled waves and land on request of earlier or later than anticipated. The executive officer
the shore party group commander. Personnel in the and alternate command group land in a free boat
replacement pool are landed as a first priority. separate from the LFSP commander. The remainder of
the LFSP lands as requested by the LFSP commander.
Beach Party Team
The Navy’s beach party team usually lands in four
echelons, three of which land in scheduled waves. The Operations Ashore
first echelon to land contains the beach party team’s
command echelon, and it lands with the shore party Landing support operations begin with the landing of
team’s advance party. The second echelon lands in the the advance parties and continue until the landing
same amphibious vehicle that contains the beach party support operation is completed or relieved. The LFSP
team’s command post equipment. This allows the remains functional until the landing support operation
beach party team commander to establish is terminated or the CSSE commander relieves the
communications with Navy forces afloat and with LFSP of its responsibilities. The primary CSS beach is
adjacent beach party teams. The third echelon lands designated during the planning stage and will be
with the salvage section. The fourth echelon lands in known as the BSA. The BSA remains operational and
an on-call wave with the rest of the shore party team. is the primary means of support to the landing force
Refer to FMFM 1-8 for more information. during subsequent operations ashore.
Landing Force Support Party Shore Party Team

Once directed by the CLF, the LFSP commander Shore party team operations vary based on the landing
moves the LFSP command post ashore to coordinate plan and scheme of maneuver. The shore party team’s
and consolidate the CSS efforts of the existing shore advance party reconnoiters the beach and road net and
party teams/groups and to monitor and support the verifies proposed sites for beach installations. The
logistics activities of the HSTs, beach party group, and command section marks the beach center and flanks
special attachments. The LFSP headquarters is formed and then begins development of the BSA. Once the
when more than one shore party group or HST is entire shore party team has landed, they—
included in the landing force.
l Organize the BSA.
Typically, the LFSP’s command group is embarked
with the landing force command group. The command l Establish basic communications capabilities.
group typically includes the LFSP commander, beach l Locate dumps inland.
party commander, communications officer, manpower
l Establish facilities for limited equipment repair.
or personnel officer (G-1/S-1), G-3/S-3, and other
selected staff assistants. The LFSP executive officer, l Establish evacuation stations.
G-4/S-4, and certain administrative personnel are
normally embarked with the alternate landing force The shore party team’s goal is to prepare and maintain
command group. Normally, the headquarters beaching points and access roads, move troops and
commandant is embarked with the LFSP headquarters’ equipment across the beach rapidly, and reduce/avoid
remaining personnel and equipment. Special congestion on the beach. The shore party team
attachments to the LFSP are embarked in available unloads, segregates, stores, safeguards, and issues
shipping in accordance with the landing plan. supplies as they are brought ashore. Support
operations are decentralized and the primary source
Prior to H-hour, the LFSP commander, advance for combat service support is still the tactical units
command group, and the TACLOG transfer to the located aboard ship. Only those service support units
control vessel. The LFSP commander and command that operate in direct support of the combat units are
group land in an on-call wave. The LFSP commander landed early.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4-6 MCWP 4-11.3
Minimum preplanned levels of supply are established are further developed as additional personnel arrive.
ashore once the tactical situation begins to develop Operations in the BSA and in the dumps vary in every
and additional shore party equipment, personnel, and operation. Therefore, unit assignments and specific
supplies have landed. Shore party team operations are jobs to be performed should be clearly delineated in
then centralized under a shore party group. the LFSP operation order.
Consolidated control usually does not involve physical
consolidation of combat service support installations. Motor Transport/Heavy Equipment Platoon
Operations of the combat service support sections in the The motor transport/heavy equipment platoon
BSA are directed by the shore party team commander, provides equipment to support the shore party team’s
who allocates areas to all units in the BSA and transportation needs. Once the shore party team is
coordinates local defense and security. The shore party firmly established ashore, all equipment and motor
team organizes the BSA and develops inland supply transport operations revert to the control of the motor
facilities into combat service support areas. transport/heavy equipment platoon commander.
Advance Party Headquarters

The advance party of the shore party team is the first Once ashore, the headquarters’ command section takes
shore party section to land. The advance party control of the advance command post and completes
reconnoiters the beach and road net and verifies the command and control facilities. The organization,
tentatively selected sites for beach installations. The location, and function of the shore party team
advance party’s command section marks the beach command post depend on whether the team is
center and flanks and begins development of the operating independently or as part of a shore party
BSA in preparation for the landing of follow-on group. If operating independently, it may approach the
troops. If possible, beaches are established in close size and complexity of a group command post. If
proximity to each other to ease consolidation once operating as part of a shore party group, the group
the shore party group lands. The advance party normally assumes the functions performed by the
establishes the advance command post and erects shore party team command post. The team
flank and center markers that indicate the limits of headquarters establishes, in the center of the beach, an
the beach for which they have primary responsibility. information center/clearing station. This center/
The beach party team commander and staff establish clearing station assists personnel crossing the beach
their command post close to the shore party team’s locate their parent units. It is operated by the shore
command post. They then erect range markers and party team until it is relieved by the shore party group.
other navigational devices as required. After the
beach organization is accomplished, personnel l Security Section. The security section organizes
reconnoiter dump routes and locations for future its sector of defense within the BSA. If the team is
beach combat service support installations. operating independently, it organizes the defense of
the entire BSA. If adjacent to another team, it
Shore Platoon coordinates its sector of defense with the adjacent
team’s and the shore party group commander’s.
The shore platoon constructs beach exits and lateral The security section provides the ground defense
roads and assists in the unloading of cargo and weapons organic to the landing support platoon,
equipment from landing crafts and ships. They also assigns defense positions, and organizes various
assist the beach party team as required. other sections of the shore party team for defense.
l Communications Section. The communications
Service Platoon section establishes local communications for
internal control. If supporting an assault BLT, the
Service platoon personnel compose the initial supply/ communications section must establish
ammunition dump sections. They establish dump areas communications with the headquarters of the
and organize the beach in depth. Facilities in the dump supported BLT, the TACLOG serving the BLT, and
the parent shore party group. See MCWP 6-22 for party team security sections into a group security
more information. section to provide defense for the BSA.
l Evacuation Section. The evacuation section is
located near the center of the beach and prepares for MP Section
receipt and evacuation of casualties. These facilities
are austere, but they must be prepared to hold The MP section is assigned local defense and security
casualties if evacuation is not immediate. Facilities missions and supervises the operations of the MPs
must protect casualties from the elements and assigned to the shore party teams.
enemy action. Medical treatment is limited to
emergency measures only. Evacuation Section
l MP Section. The MP section deploys to assigned
The evacuation section is located near the shore party
traffic control points and establishes control in the group’s command post. It maintains records and plans
BSA. They also establish an EPW collection point for casualty evacuation from the BSA and provides
and evacuate or hold EPWs. The MP section also medical care for the shore party group headquarters.
establishes straggler collection points for personnel
separated from their units.
Communications Section
Shore Party Group The communications section expands existing
capabilities as required to meet the needs of the shore
After the shore party group lands, the shore party party group.
group commander coordinates the consolidation of
existing shore party teams into the shore party group.
Motor Transport and Equipment Section
The shore party group commander is directly
responsible to the LFSP commander for organization, The motor transport and equipment section records the
operation, and defense of the BSA. The landing plan status and operational assignment of all attached
and scheme of maneuver determine the shore party equipment and motor transport items.
group’s operations. The organization and disposition
of the shore party teams and the size of the landing
force determine if the shore party group operates two Replacement Pool
or more BSAs.
Replacement personnel are generally placed in
defensive positions in the BSA or assigned to dump
The shore party group headquarters is organized areas as required. Replacement officers are assigned
around the headquarters section of a landing support duties in shore party teams and shore party group task
company, TSB, and augmented as required. organizations until they are needed as replacements in
Immediately upon landing, the shore party group the tactical units.
headquarters is established with one of the shore
party teams on the beach. This allows the shore party
group commander to supervise operations of the Beach Party Team Headquarters
shore party teams.
This section is established near the shore party group’s
command post. Once the beach party group establishes
Command Section communications with the beach party teams, it
assumes control of beach party team operations.
The command section commands, controls, and
coordinates the efforts of the shore party teams, as Helicopter Support Team
they are absorbed into the shore party group. This
section is responsible for the administrative needs of The HST provides terminal guidance to helicopters
the shore party group and maintains up-to-date supply landing in the HLZ they also provide rigging and
records. If appropriate, this section consolidates shore external lift equipment and supplies to forward areas
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4-8 MCWP 4-11.3
of operation. These teams are responsible for their reports. In addition, this section provides medical
own security. services for personnel located in the immediate
vicinity of the LFSP headquarters.
Landing Force Support Party
MP Section. This section supervises the shore party
Once ashore, the LFSP commander assumes control of and HST’s MP sections. It also establishes the landing
landing support operations. The LFSP organizes a force’s EPW stockades and organizes and evacuates
main command post. Shore party groups and HSTs are EPWs from the objective area.
not consolidated into the LFSP main command post.
The shore party group serves as the alternate Communications Section. The communications
command post. It is located separately in the BSA. section expands existing capabilities as required to
The LFSP’s main command post coordinates and meet the needs of the LFSP.
assists the shore party groups and HSTs, and its
functions vary only slightly from that of the shore Motor Transport and Equipment Section. This
party group’s command post. section provides the transportation and equipment
requirements needed by the LFSP headquarters.
The shore party group commander is ashore and
operating in the BSA prior to the arrival of the LFSP Liaison Section. This section consists of personnel
headquarters. Therefore, the LFSP headquarters attached or under the operational control of the LFSP.
establishes itself ashore as soon as possible and The critical function of liaison personnel are to
usually locates itself within the BSA of the major monitor, coordinate, advise, and assist the LFSP in its
combat service support effort. The following sections dealings with their parent unit.
make up the LFSP headquarters:
Organization of the Beach
Command and Administrative Section. The
command section is responsible for the command and Different emphasis is placed on beaches within the
control and administrative (e.g., messing, billeting) amphibious objective area at different times. Prior
functions of the LFSP. This section maintains records planning determines control of the primary combat
on dump status, ships’ unloading status, location of service support beach. The CSS beach remains in
ships, serials requested and landed, beach/landing operation and is the primary means of support to the
force developments, tactical situation, casualty and landing force during operations ashore. Therefore, it
EPW evacuations, and other data as directed. It must be organized effectively to accomplish assigned
consolidates and forwards reports from the shore party shore party tasks and efficiently unload both single
groups and HSTs to the appropriate headquarters. and mixed categories of equipment and supplies.
Requests for other than routine supply requirements Based on the tactical situation, beaches are organized
are received and handled by this section. to receive classes of supplies under several conditions.
The organization of the beach is planned prior to the
Medical Section. The medical section plans the landing of the LFSP commander or designated
LFSP’s medical evacuation functions, supervises representatives. After landing, the LFSP commander
patient operations, and prepares medical evacuation may adjust the beach’s organization if required.
Designated Beach Types of Unloading Points
A designated beach, represented by a color, is Individual unloading points are established based on
generally the responsibility of a shore party group. the type of supplies handled. They are normally
categorized as follows.
Each shore party team handles two of the following
types of supplies: fuel, rations, miscellaneous supplies,
Fuel. During the assault, Classes III(A) and III(W)
ammunition. Separate facilities for unloading supplies
fuels are taken ashore in bladders, drums, and
delivered by tracked and wheeled vehicles and
refuelers. The unloading point marker is located near
evacuation of casualties are provided. However, if the
an existing or recently constructed roadway that leads
tactical scheme of maneuver requires that beaches be off the beach to an area suitable for fuel container
separated, each shore party team is responsible for the storage. Also, the use of a ship-to-shore pipe system
preparation of their assigned beach. The shore party may be necessary for an alternate or additional fuel
group headquarters lands on the designated beach point located on the flank of the beach. Its location
scheduled to handle the major combat service support must not interfere with unloading.
effort. This beach and the area to its rear are developed
into a BSA. Other beach operations are abandoned Rations. Rations are unloaded either by pallets, ISO
once sufficient means are established to support the containers or cargo net. Therefore, the unloading point
landing force. The shore party team and its equipment must have hard surface areas to accommodate forklifts
are then displaced to the main unloading point for or rough terrain MHE. Storage areas for pallets,
throughput operations. containers, and cargo nets also need to be established.
Miscellaneous Supplies. Miscellaneous supplies

Numbered Beach constitute all classes of supplies, except fuel, rations or
ammunition that are not carried ashore by troops.
A numbered beach is the responsibility of a shore These supplies are packed in varying configurations
party team. If the tactical scheme calls for the landing and the unloading points must be able to accommodate
force to land in columns of battalions, a shore party pallets, special slings, and MHE.
team is embarked with each leading battalion. The
first team to land organizes installations ashore to Ammunition. The ammunition unloading point’s
support the landing BLT and subsequent BLTs organization is similar to the fuel unloading point.
landing in column. The shore party team in support Hard surfaced areas and road systems are required.
of the BLT landing abreast assumes the The unloading point must be located a safe distance
responsibility for half the basic colored beach and from the BSA and the fuel unloading point. A
special ammunition supply point also will need to
supports the landing of the next column of BLTs.
be established.
This would result in colored beach 1 and colored
beach 2. The shore party group headquarters lands
Tracked Vehicles. Tracked vehicles unload their
immediately behind the first shore party team so that
cargo at predesignated points on the beach. These
it can coordinate the efforts of both teams when the
points and access lanes are cleared and marked by
second team comes ashore. Normally, shore party engineer or mine clearance personnel. Combat
teams land and establish numbered beaches. If engineer signs (dated and signed by the person that
possible, numbered beaches are established close to cleared the area) mark cleared areas of the beach.
each other to allow consolidation of two or more
under a shore party group. If numbered beaches are Wheeled Vehicles. The landing of wheeled vehicles
separated by distances that prevent control by the requires special preparations. Roadways need to be
same primary control ship (regardless of the size of cleared of mines, leveled, and beach mobility matting
the landing force or the length of the beach front), (MOMAT) laid. Vehicles are parked in an assembly
they assume the control of the designated beach for area until their parent unit needs them. Combat
the landing. engineers mark cleared areas of the beach.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4-10 MCWP 4-11.3
Mixed Categories of Equipment and Supplies l Supply sections should be located in sites that
provide the best dispersion, cover and concealment,
Causeways are used where landing craft cannot reach and availability of existing lines of
the beach or where they will facilitate the movement communications.
of supplies and equipment to the beach. If causeways l Internal arrangement of the BSA must provide for
are used, the organization of the beach is as follows: maximum traffic circulation.
l Supplies located within the dumps are segregated
l Shore party’s advance party erects flank and center
by type or other distinguishing characteristics to
markers to mark beach limits.
ensure rapid inventory and issue.
l Shore party’s advance party erects range markers to
l Manpower requirements are reduced if mechanical
indicate where causeways beach.
equipment is used to handle cargo.
l Amphibious construction battalion personnel place l Fuel and ammunition must be separated and dug-in
and operate the causeways and control all or revetted (use dozers to accomplish this work
operations within the causeways. rapidly).
l Shore party is responsible for construction, l Floodlight trailers and fire-fighting equipment are
maintenance, and traffic control of the roadway located within the dump area.
leading from the causeway inland.
l HLZs, properly marked and equipped with wind
Appendix A contains a listing of standard beach and direction markers and other essential control or
landing site markers. No other unloading point navigational aids, are established near each supply
markers are used on the beach unless landing craft also dump, shore party command post, and casualty
use the beach. Traffic is directed without interruption evacuation point.
to the inland combat service support areas or to the
GCE. Casualties are evacuated directly to designated In addition to the supply sections, other combat
casualty receiving and treatment ships. EPWs are service support functions exist in the BSA.
evacuated to EPW receiving ships. If causeways are
not used, the beach party erects range markers and the Amphibious Assault Fuel System. The landing
landing force component of the shore party prepares force requires tremendous amounts of Classes III(A)
ramp approaches. Evacuation of casualties and EPWs and III(W) fuels. To facilitate the early landing of the
is executed as stated above. landing force, bulk fuel units are attached to the
shore party team. The shore party team makes
provisions for adequate space, administrative
Organization and Operation of the support, and protection for these units within the
Beach Support Area BSA. These units prepare for bulk delivery of Class
III(A) and III(W) fuels using the amphibious assault
Organization of the BSA facilitates the receiving and fuel system (AAFS). AAFS equipment is mobile-
distributing of supply classes needed during the initial loaded on vehicles and landed early in the operation.
phases of the landing. The BSA must be organized to Additional information on the AAFS is provided in
handle EPWs, casualties, helicopters, wheeled vehicles, MCWP 3-17, Engineer Operations.
and lost personnel. To facilitate rapid unloading, initial
supplies and equipment should be vehicle-loaded, Aviation Support. The shore party team is
palletized or in packaged lifts and stowed in assault responsible for the support of aviation units landed
shipping to permit rapid transfer to amphibious from assault shipping. Aviation technical personnel,
vehicles, landing craft, trucks or helicopters. This equipped with special cargo handling equipment, are
reduces congestion at the water’s edge and allows attached to the shore party team during the landing and
supplies to be moved rapidly inland to using units or establishment of the BSA. The shore party team
separate inland dumps. The following criteria affect the establishes dumps for aviation peculiar Class II,
location and organization of the BSA. Figure 4-1 III(A), IV, and V(A) supplies that cannot be moved
contains a suggested layout for a BSA. directly to air installations. Provisions to repair, refuel,
Figure 4-1. General Layout of BSA.
and rearm helicopters and vertical takeoff and landing Their time in the assembly area may vary from a few
aircraft may also be required. hours to several days. The shore party team orients
these units as to the tactical situation and assimilates
Vehicle Parking and Repair. The large number of them into the BSA defense plan. While units are in the
vehicles landed in support of the landing force assembly areas, the shore party provides them with any
requires a vehicle parking and maintenance area that is required combat service support.
established by specialists attached to the shore party
team from sections of the CSSE. This area is removed
from the beach area and located within the shore Water Supply Points
party’s defensive scheme.
Water supply points should be within the BSA so that
Troop Assembly Areas. Reserve and support troops the shore party team can provide for their defensive
are quickly moved off the beach and into predesignated and administrative support. Their locations are
assembly areas to facilitate their employment in landing predetermined and their establishment and exact
force operations and to reduce congestion of the beach. locations are reported to higher headquarters.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4-12 MCWP 4-11.3
Casualty Evacuation situation permits. The initial facility establishes shore-

based capabilities for emergency surgery. The LFSP
Evacuation of casualties from the BSA is a function of commander and the landing force surgeon determine
the LFSP. Evacuation station personnel land with the the location of the evacuation station. They are
generally located in an area with good approach roads
shore party team and HST headquarters, establish
and protection that will facilitate patient care while
beach evacuation stations on each shore party team
they await evacuation. An HLZ is prepared in the
beach and HST landing zone, and assume evacuation
same area. Refer to MCWP 4-11.1 for further details.
responsibility. As the assault progresses, evacuation
stations and personnel may be consolidated into the
shore party group, HST or LFSP. This allows Note: Plans for evacuation of casualties also include
movement of casualties and makes maximum provisions for property exchange of critical items,
effective use of landing craft and helicopters. Basic such as litters, blankets, splints, and certain other
medical equipment.
evacuation procedures continue in effect after
consolidation. The number of casualties treated ashore
increase as more elaborate medical facilities are EPW and Civilian Enclosures
established ashore.
Elements of the LFSP locate and construct civilian and
Medical Regulating Team . Casualties not taken EPW enclosures. EPW and civilian enclosures are
directly by helicopter to medical facilities afloat are separated from each other and from other combat
evacuated to the beach evacuation station. Those service support installations. They are located within
requiring immediate evacuation are sent from the the BSA’s defense system and must be of sufficient
beach evacuation station by the most expeditious size to provide for the detainees’ physical needs.
means available. Waterborne casualty-carrying craft Medical support is provided as required.
report initially to the primary control ship. A medical
regulating team (MRT) is located on the primary EPW Collection Points
control ship or casualty receiving and treatment ship.
The MRT provides destination information to Typically, the shore party team commander
waterborne casualty-carrying craft. Casualties also can establishes EPW collection points in or near the
be evacuated directly from the beach evacuation landing beaches. HSTs also establish collection points
station to casualty receiving and treatment ships in HLZs. Collection points are indicated on the combat
equipped with helicopter platforms or to hospital ships service support overlay. If a large number of EPWs are
if available. The destination of the helicopterborne anticipated early in the assault, ships are designated to
casualties is controlled by the helicopter direction receive and evacuate EPWs.
center and assisted by an MRT representative.
Detailed information on the evacuation of casualties is Units that capture EPWs are responsible for delivering
provided in MCWP 4-11.1, Health Services Support them to EPW collection points. MPs assume control of
Operations. the EPWs once they are delivered to the collection
points. EPWs are either retained at the collection
Evacuation Stations. The primary role of an points or evacuated to an EPW ship. The shore party
evacuation station is to facilitate the evacuation of group ensures that—
assault force casualties to a designated casualty
receiving and treatment ship. The LFSP-established l Collection points are established on the beach and
evacuation stations are formed from assets of the landing zones and the intelligence officer of the
medical battalion. During the initial assault stage, highest headquarters is notified of their location.
medical personnel from the battalion aid station may
l Personnel are designated to construct temporary
be required to establish an evacuation station until the
EPW enclosures.
shore party is ashore. The buildup of health service
support facilities ashore continues as the tactical l An adequate number of guards are available.
l The collection, evacuation, and safeguarding of l Salvage of landing force equipment damaged or
EPWs are coordinated with the appropriate unit. rendered inoperable during the conduct of
operations ashore.
l Control of EPW facilities is relinquished as
directed. This is normally done when the MP unit is The NBG salvages landing craft and vehicles that
ashore and functioning. broach at the waters edge. Amphibious vehicles,
trucks or other landing force vehicles damaged or sunk
in the vicinity of the beach are salvaged by the beach
Salvage Operations
party and then moved to maintenance and repair
facilities. Salvage collection points are established in
Shore party salvage operations can be divided into two the BSA by maintenance units. Mobile maintenance
categories— and repair teams can frequently affect salvage of
collected equipment without evacuating vehicles or
l Salvage of landing craft, amphibious vehicles, and pieces of equipment. Salvaged articles reduce the
landing force equipment damaged during the amount of necessary resupply and replacement for the
landing. landing force.
CHAPTER 5. OTHER TRANSPORTATION SUPPORT OPERATIONS
l Command.
Air Movement Operations l Administration.
l Statistics.
Air movement operations require detailed planning
l Operations.
and preparation by the deploying unit. The MAGTF
embarkation officer handles the planning and l Logistics (i.e., maintenance, supply, and medical).
preparations required for the air movement. Air l Joint inspections.
movement operations involve marshalling transported l Load/unload teams.
units into the staging area; loading supplies, l Communications.
equipment, and personnel at the departure airfield; and
receiving/dispersing supplies, equipment, and The DACG and AACG are task-organized units that
personnel at the arrival airfield. An air movement coordinate and direct the throughput of personnel,
operation consists of two phases: the planning and equipment, and supplies at the aerial port of
preparation phase, and the execution phase. embarkation/aerial port of debarkation. The beach
and terminal operations company, TSB provides the
nucleus for the DACG and AACG. The operations
The DACG and the AACG are an integral part of the
section of the beach and terminal operations
airfield’s organization. The DACG and AACG’s
company provides the nucleus for the control
missions are to provide the personnel and equipment
element of the DACG and AACG. The shipping and
required to coordinate, inspect, direct, and assist the receiving platoon of the beach and terminal
deploying units’ move through aerial ports of operations company provides the technical expertise
embarkation or debarkation. The deploying unit and required for traffic management (military
the USAF TALCE comprise the remaining major occupational specialty 3112, Traffic Management
organizations at the airfield. Additional units, civilian Specialists). The TSB provides MHE support,
agencies or contracted support may fall under the communications support, and maintenance support.
cognizance of the DACG/AACG or the TALCE. The FSSG provides additional communications
Close coordination between the DACG, AACG, support or security support if required.
TALCE, and the deploying unit(s) is essential to
ensure smooth execution of air movement. Augmentation of personnel may be obtained from the
longshoremen platoon of the beach and terminal
operations company and the landing support
Organization companies. Additional personnel and equipment
support also may be provided by organizations
The DACG and AACG’s organizations are mission assigned to the airfield, civilian contractors or host
dependent. The DACG is task-organized with nation support (if applicable).
personnel and equipment that will not accompany the
deploying unit to the destination airfield. The AACG Tasks and Responsibilities
should be pre-positioned at the arrival airfield before
unit movement begins. If advance deployment of the Airfield operations and their accompanying tasks and
responsibilities are normally subdivided into
AACG is not possible, it should move to the arrival
organizational zones of responsibility: departure
airfield with the lead elements of the transported unit.
airfield operations and arrival airfield operations.
Departure airfield operations are subdivided into the
The DACG and AACG’s organizational structures marshalling area, alert holding area, call forward area,
should provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities: and loading ramp area. Arrival airfield operations are
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5-2 MCWP 4-11.3
subdivided into the unloading ramp area, holding area, l Accepting chalks from deploying unit.
and unit area. l Conducting inspections.
l Establishing communications with deploying unit.
Deploying Unit
l Establishing functional areas and backup
During deployment airfield operations, the deploying communications with TALCE.
unit has the marshalling area as its unit zones of l Assisting in joint inspection with the TALCE and/
responsibility (see figure 5-1). The deploying unit or the appropriate movement control agency.
prepares for air movement; assembles vehicles,
equipment, supplies, and personnel into chalks l Establishing a joint inspection area (i.e., checkpoint
(loads); delivers chalks to the alert holding area; and 1) and a final briefing area/final manifest correction
provides the required dunnage/shoring to accompany area (i.e., checkpoint 2).
its loads. Its major functions include— l Establishing statistical data.
l Preparing personnel and cargo manifests. Appendix B contains a DACG checklist.
l Preparing other documentation agreed upon during

the joint planning conference. AACG
l Conducting initial inspection of each chalk. The AACG has the holding area as its zone of
l Releasing chalks to the DACG at the alert responsibility during arrival airfield operations (see
holding area. figure 5-2). It receives and processes chalks for release
During arrival airfield operations, the deploying unit to the deploying MAGTF. Its major functions
has the unit area as its zone of responsibility. It include—
receives chalks from the AACG and terminates the air
movement. The DACG has the alert holding area/call l Assembling chalks.
forward area as its zone of responsibility. The DACG l Inspecting for completeness.
ensures chalks are moved forward to the ready line
and released to the TALCE in accordance with the l Providing minor services (e.g., gas, oil, minor
established movement plan. Its major functions maintenance).
include— l Developing statistical data.
Figure 5-1. Departure Zones of Responsibility.

Figure 5-2. Arrival Airfield Areas of Responsibility.
l Establishing radio links to the unit area and Execution

functional area.
See appendix E for a list of specific requirements
l Establishing backup communications in the during the execution phase.
unloading area with the TALCE.
l Establishing a temporary storage area.

Air Delivery Operations
Appendix C contains an AACG checklist.
Air delivery is the in-flight delivery of specially rigged
equipment and supplies to land-based combat forces.
Planning Considerations It is performed by either fixed-wing or rotary-wing
aircraft. Air delivery is a combat service support sub-
See appendix D for a list of specific requirements function and is normally coordinated by the CSSE.
during the planning and preparation phase. The CSSE commander determines if air delivery is the
appropriate mode of transportation.
Coordination Requirements Organization

Air movement operations require close coordination The Marine Corps’ primary air delivery unit is the air
with all participating units. The DACG and AACG delivery platoon of the TSB beach and terminal
coordinate with the TALCE and/or the appropriate operations company. The air delivery platoon’s
movement control agency to ensure smooth mission is to receive, store, repair, and rig selected
supplies and equipment for airdrop from either Marine
operations. It is essential that the unit movement
or Air Force aircraft.
officers of the embarking units contact the DACG as
early as possible. This allows the DACG to coordinate The air delivery platoon is organized into a 4-member
the arrival of the unit and gear to be staged for headquarters section and 2 operating sections of 30
movement aboard an aircraft. The movement officers personnel each. TSB beach and terminal operations
must coordinate with the AACG to coordinate receipt company provides the air delivery platoon with motor
of gear and arrival of follow-on personnel and gear. transport, communications, and MHE capabilities.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5-4 MCWP 4-11.3
Tasks and Responsibilities l Tasking the air delivery platoon with airdrop
missions.
Supported Unit l Providing supplies and equipment for airdrop.
The supported unit receives airdropped supplies and l Transporting supplies and/or equipment from
equipment. The supported unit’s responsibilities storage areas (dumps) to the rigging site(s).
include— l Providing the support required by the air delivery
l Identifying the type and quantities of supplies platoon (i.e., MHE, motor transport, and
required. communications).
l Requesting resupply through appropriate channels. l Requesting the airlift support required to
accomplish the airdrop mission.
l Selecting, marking, and operating drop zones.
l Providing support to the air delivery platoon for
l Recovering airdropped supplies and equipment replacement of airdrop equipment and consumables
from drop zones. used in rigging.
l Recovering, staging, safeguarding, and evacuating l Acting as coordinator to ensure airdrop loads are
air delivery equipment (including parachutes) to the marshaled and loaded aboard supporting aircraft
rigging site. (air delivery platoon may assist).
l Verifying receipt of supplies by supported unit.
Air Delivery Platoon
The air delivery platoon’s responsibilities include— Airlifting Unit
l Receiving, temporarily storing, and preparing The airlifting unit is the aviation unit that provides the
supplies and equipment for airdrop. aircraft to accomplish the airdrop mission.
l Performing organizational and intermediate Responsibilities of the airlifting unit differ slightly
maintenance on airdropped equipment (including depending on whether Marine or Air Force assets are
parachutes and platforms). used. If Marine assets are used, the responsibility rests
with the air delivery platoon to provide additional
l Ensuring equipment is inspected and certified as equipment and personnel. If Air Force assets are used,
required. the responsibility to provide additional equipment and
l Providing supervision, technical assistance, and personnel rests with the Air Force. Airlifting units,
advice on the operation of drop zones and the regardless of Service affiliation, have the following
recovery and evacuation of airdropped equipment responsibilities:
from drop zones.
l Provide appropriate aircraft to accomplish the
l Furnishing personnel to assist in the pre and post assigned mission and advise the supported unit on
loading inspections of airdropped loads. the method of delivery.
l Providing technical advice and assistance to other l Provide airdrop inspectors to conduct pre- and post-
units involved in parachute operations if necessary. loading joint inspections with the air delivery
platoon.
l Assisting in loading supplies and equipment into
aircraft. l Supervise the loading of the aircraft.
l Providing auxiliary personnel to aid flight crews in l Deliver the loads to the appropriate drop zones.
performance of the airdrop mission if necessary.
Planning Considerations
CSSE Generally, planning for air delivery operations is
conducted by higher headquarters. The amount of
The CSSE’s responsibilities include—
airdrop support required is determined and the concept
l Determining mode and method of resupply. of operations is developed. The CSSE commander
determines the mode of transportation required to l Electrical power for lighting, sewing machines,
support the requesting units. The strategic mobility or tools, and fans used to repair and pack large cargo
AMC liaison officer located in the G-4 identifies and parachutes and airdrop equipment.
tasks airlift assets based upon mission requirement. l Special sites may have to be established for rigging
This may require liaison with external agencies such and storage of ammunition and POL airdrop loads.
as the TALCE or mobile aerial port squadron (MAPS).
The concept of employment is developed and air l MHE may be required to move/load airdrop
delivery assets are positioned to best support the containers and platforms, also to move supplies
assigned mission. The staging area, when supplies and during the rigging process.
equipment are to be airdropped, is collocated with the l Prime movers and trailers may be required to move
air delivery platoon along with supporting equipment rigged loads from the rigging site to the aircraft.
and personnel. Air delivery support request procedures
l Close liaison must be established between the
are developed and specific command and control
platoon and the airlifted unit to coordinate
procedures are established. Supported units are trained
marshalling, loading, and inspection of airdrop
to operate drop zones and to recover/evacuate airdrop
loads.
equipment. Once planning and training are
accomplished, the air delivery operation moves to the l Communications support is required to coordinate
execution phase. rigging and loading activities.
Several considerations greatly impact the planning

process of an air delivery operation—
Coordination Requirements
Air delivery operations require coordination between
l The air delivery platoon cannot support itself. supported and supporting sections. The air delivery
Augmentation involves administrative support, platoon locates, rigs, marshals, and assists in delivery
liaison personnel, and transportation (i.e., MHE, of supplies and equipment in conjunction with the
communications, and motor transport). ACE, other air components, and the supporting
l The supply support required to sustain the air aircraft. Detailed coordination with the G-3/S-3 and
delivery is extensive, for example, large amounts of the fire control sections is required to ensure that air
expendable supplies (e.g., plywood) are required. deliveries do not conflict with supporting fires or other
The supported unit must provide this material. air operations.
l Airdrop operations require large numbers of skilled,
highly trained personnel. Execution
l The air delivery platoon’s command and control
procedures must be clearly defined. This is critical Typically, the air delivery platoon arrives in the area
if the platoon is not deployed or collocated with its of operations with limited equipment and personnel.
parent unit. To provide effective support, the platoon and its
higher headquarters must know in advance what
l The air delivery platoon is generally positioned at airdrop support will be required; i.e., amount of
an airfield that can conduct fixed wing operations. supplies to be airdropped, aircraft availability, the
threat, duration of the operation, and special
The following requirements also must be addressed
requirements. The air delivery platoon performs the
during planning:
following functions:
l Special requirements must be determined; e.g., the
l Establishes and operates airdrop rigging site.
need to airdrop engineer equipment or other large
platform loads. l Advises the CSSE commander concerning method
l Adequate storage/operating facilities at or near the and type of airdrop to be used.
departure airfield. These facilities (hangers are l Receives, stores, and rigs air-delivered equipment
preferred but tents will suffice) should protect and supplies in accordance with appropriate
airdrop equipment from adverse weather. procedures.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5-6 MCWP 4-11.3
l Prepares rigged airdrop loads for movement to the However, the helicopterborne unit and its attachments
aircraft. are responsible for preparing, rigging (attaching
l Participates in joint airdrop inspections for the pre-/ slings), and hooking (to the helicopter) their organic
post-loading inspections of air loads. equipment and supplies for external helicopter lift.
The HST provides training assistance in the use of this
l Assists, as required, in the loading of airdrop loads equipment to MAGTF units.
aboard aircraft.
Provides assistance in training supported units in
HST Tasks
l
the operation and marking of drop zones and the

recovery of airdrop equipment and parachutes. The HST performs tasks within the landing zone
l Provides, as required, flight crew augmentation for similar to those performed by the shore party team/
Marine airdrop aircraft. group in the BSA. An HST performs the following
tasks:
l Prepares, maintains, and marks landing sites.

Helicopter Support Team Operations l Removes or marks obstacles.
l Erects wind direction indicators, (e.g., wind socks),
The use of helicopterborne forces in the amphibious panels, and range lights (used during night
assault is one of the landing force’s most important operations).
tactical weapons because it can project power ashore
and exploit enemy weaknesses. However, the use of l Establishes and maintains the required
helicopterborne forces also requires detailed planning communications. This includes communicating
and integration at all levels of the amphibious force. with supporting helicopters, Tailcoats, and the
Planning that supports helicopterborne units is Navy control organization.
generally complex and must support units in a rapidly l Reconnoiters and selects areas for supply dumps
changing environment. Confusion that disrupts the and other combat service support installations, HST
rapid buildup of combat power into the HLZ can be command post, casualty evacuation stations, and
fatal. Therefore, a helicopterborne unit’s CSS must be defensive positions that provide landing zone
tailored to helicopterborne operations. The primary security.
CSS organization for helicopterborne units is the HST. l Directs and controls helicopter operations and
However, the helicopterborne unit commander is support units within the landing zone.
responsible for all aspects of the operation within the
l Unloads helicopters (including external lifts).
HLZ. The supported unit receives support and
augmentation from other MAGTF organizations, but l Loads cargo nets, pallets, and slings on board
the helicopterborne unit commander retains helicopters.
operational control. l Loads EPWs and casualties on board helicopters.
l Establishes dumps.
Role of the LFSP l Issues supplies.
The role of the LFSP in supporting a helicopterborne l Maintains supply records (i.e., supplies received,
operation depends on the MAGTF’s mission and task issued, and available).
organization. The level of support provided to the l Maintains the helicopterborne unit’s basic load at
helicopterborne unit by the LFSP may vary from the prescribed level.
training in landing zone operations to providing l Passes requests for replenishment (i.e., basic load,
enough personnel and equipment to form the HST supplies not contained in the HLZ dumps, on-call
headquarters and landing zone platoon if a CSS
serials) to the helicopterborne unit TACLOG that is
buildup is required. collocated with the helicopter direction center.
The LFSP controls, maintains, and manages the slings l Provides personnel and vehicle ground control.
and cargo nets used for external helicopter lifts. l Maintains a situation map and information center.
l Provides emergency helicopter repair and refueling Organization and Function of

as required. the Helicopter Landing Zone
l Performs fire-fighting duties in the landing zone.
The HLZ is organized to effectively accomplish
assigned helicopter support tasks. The organization of
Ship-to-Shore Movement the landing zone is generally the same as the
development of the BSA. However, the helicopter
Embarkation control section replaces the naval beach party within
the HLZ. The equipment available for use is limited
If the helicopterborne unit is embarked aboard to that transported into the area by helicopter. Figure
several helicopter transport ships, the HST may also 5-3, on page 5-8, illustrates a layout of an HLZ.
be spread loaded.
Control and Maintenance Facilities

Landing
The HST is formed into heli-teams for the ship-to- The advance party establishes the landing zone’s
shore movement. Heli-teams and their equipment helicopter control facilities. After the HST is
normally land in scheduled waves. The position of established, the HST’s helicopter control section
HST serials in the scheduled waves is determined by assumes control functions. Personnel provide
the landing plan and they normally land in the emergency refueling. If major repairs are required,
following sequence: maintenance personnel and equipment are flown into
the landing zone from the helicopter transport ship.
l Advance party.
l Helicopter control element. Movement of Supplies
l HST headquarters (1st echelon).
Within the landing zone, troops, equipment, and
l Landing zone platoon (1st echelon).
supplies must be kept clear of the landing area. The
l HST headquarters (2d echelon). movement of supplies is addressed in detail during
l Landing zone platoon (2d echelon). the planning process. Available transportation is
l HST equipment. limited; therefore, helicopters place cargo as close to
the terminal point as possible. Landing zones must
have clear approaches. Dump sites must be adjacent
Operations Ashore to the landing zone. Adequate equipment and
personnel must be available to move incoming
HST operations ashore parallel those of the shore supplies rapidly to the dumpsite. Prepackaged
party team. Communications are established as soon supplies are kept within the weight limitations of the
as possible between the HST in the landing zone, HLZ’s cargo handling equipment.
Navy control agency, supporting TACLOG,
helicopterborne unit command section, subsequent
helicopter units arriving in the landing zone, adjacent
landing zones, and, when a CSS buildup is planned,
the LFSP commander. Emergency supplies and troop Port Operations
serials required out of sequence are requested by the
helicopterborne unit through the HST commander. A port is any place accessible to ships by seacoast,
The complications of a helicopter assault does not navigable river or inland waterway that allows the
allow the latitude of selection inherent in waterborne discharge or receipt of cargo. A port operation is the
assault procedures, and changes to the scheduled safe, expeditious loading and unloading of
movement of units ashore are kept to an absolute equipment, supplies, cargo, and personnel. Port
minimum. Typically, one HST supports a BLT in a operations involve receiving, processing, and staging
landing zone. of passengers; receiving, moving, storing, and
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5-8 MCWP 4-11.3
Figure 5-3. Sample Helicopter Landing Zone.
marshalling of cargo; loading and unloading of ships; deploying/redeploying unit is necessary to ensure a
and lashing, bracing, and shoring of cargo on board smooth throughput of cargo.
ships. Port operations are conducted in an
environment that allows emphasis to be placed on
safety of the operation rather than the defense of the Organization
port and/or safety of personnel and ships.
The POG is task-organized around a nucleus from the
beach and terminal operations company, TSB. The
The unit tasked with the landing support mission in a company provides landing support specialists (MOS
port operation is the POG. A POG consists of a shore 0481) to assist units preparing for deployment/
party group and a beach party group just like the redeployment. Unit needs and the cargoes moving
LFSP. The port authority’s rules and regulations and through the port determine the POG’s task
standing operating procedures guide the POG in its organization. Personnel from the unit moving through
operations. Close coordination among the port the port usually augment the POG. If required,
operations control group, port authority, and the additional units, civilian agencies, contracted support
(longshoremen and stevedores), and/or host nation l Providing embarkation/load plans.

support also can augment the POG. l Providing material for bracing and shoring.
l Coordinating with the POG on embarkation/
The landing support units that should be in operation
debarkation requirements.
during port operations are, at a minimum, the—
l Ensuring equipment meets transportation
l Port command and control center. specifications per JP 3-02.2.
l Medical section.
l Preventive medicine section. Planning Considerations
l Military police section. Planning is the key to a successful port operation.
l MHE section. Planning considerations include—
l Maintenance contact teams.
l Estimating quantities and types of bracing and
l Communications teams. shoring material needed.
l Bracing and shoring team. l Training, special equipment, and if additional time
l Staging area coordination teams. is required to load the landing craft.
l Ensuring adequate lighterage required to load ships
Tasks and Responsibilities away from the pier.
l Loading of ships from pier side with the ramp down
Port Operations Group or with ramp up.
The POG’s tasks and responsibilities include— Special considerations for the use of MSC or MSC-
chartered ships include the following:
l Providing technical advice to deploying/
redeploying units. l Coordination requirements with MTMC and MSC.
l Providing MHE from the pier staging area to the l The use of civilian longshoremen and stevedores.
ship/port crane lifting area or from the ship/port l Special needs/restrictions when using MHE aboard
crane drop area to the pier staging area. MSC ships.
l Providing communications for the port operations l Dunnage requirements for the ship’s ramp.
control group. l Medical support required at the port.
l Supervising loading/unloading of gear, agricultural l Vehicle fuel restrictions/requirements.
wash-down of tactical equipment in coordination
with unit personnel, customs/agricultural officials, l Special lifting devices and equipment (i.e., slings,
and preventive medicine technicians. spreader bars).
l Assisting the loading/unloading unit with the l Special handling and port regulations for loading
staging of equipment, supplies, and cargo to ammunition aboard ships.
expedite the loading/staging plan if required. l ISO container operations.
l Ensuring proper procedures are followed in l Military and commercial transportation
accordance with JP 3-02.2. requirements at the port.
l Billeting and messing requirements for the POG
Deploying/Redeploying Unit and for those awaiting movement.
l Head and refuse services.
The deploying/redeploying unit’s tasks and
l Wash-down facilities for agricultural and customs
responsibilities include—
inspections.
l Providing personnel to assist the POG as needed for l Maintenance contact teams.
guard, lashing, bracing, and/or shoring teams. l Traffic control in and around the port.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5-10 MCWP 4-11.3
l Access to commercial communications. Table 5-1. POG Points of Contact.

l Rail operations at the port.
Agency Services Provided
l Loading, unloading, staging, spills, transportation,
and certification of hazardous material. Navy Port Control Ship’s docking and departure times.
Ship’s berth. Instream loading and
l Personnel requirements. unloading.
Ship’s Combat Cargo Officer Sequence of loading and unloading.

Coordination Requirements Cargo handling equipment (MHE,
special slings, etc.). Ship’s loading
characteristics.
Coordinating instructions for a specific operation
should be obtained from the port authority/unit Group Embarkation Overall plan for loading and
unloading. Special lift requirements.
embarkation officer and ship’s representative (if
available). Information is compiled and issued to all Team Embarkation/MAGTF Copy of load plans and sequence of
arriving/departing units and activities and should Embarkation Officer load.
contain, at a minimum, the following: Port Authority Security. Use of port cranes. Use of
port facilities. Staging areas. Traffic
patterns.
l Ships’ docking and scheduled departure times.
l Staging plan. Movement Control Center Update on movement/changes in
schedules. Contact teams. Required
l Port’s hours of operation. reports.
l Civilian longshoremen/stevedores hours. Navy Cargo Handling and Responsibilities and coordination.
Port Group Sequence for loading/unloading.
l MHE support available. Logistic requirements.
l Lighting requirements. Military Traffic Management Responsibilities and coordination.
l Billeting and messing available. Command Loading/unloading summary. Special
requirements.
l Communications available.
l Augmentation (drivers, lashing gangs).
l Transportation coordination.
l Medical corpsmen. Rail Movement Operations
l Maintenance contact teams required (this includes
wreckers and refueler support). The mission of a rail movement operation is to move
l MPs. The POG should coordinate with the agencies personnel and equipment over the existing rail system
and organizations listed in table 5-1. to their destination. This destination is usually the site
where further movement can be accomplished (i.e.,
Execution pier or airfield) or where owning units can deploy to
their areas of responsibility. A rail movement
After the initial planning phase of a port operation has operation involves loading, blocking, bracing, and tie-
been conducted and guidance has been given down of equipment aboard flatcars and other special
concerning the operation, the POG moves to the port types of rail cars. Moving units by rail requires
24 hours prior to the deploying unit’s or ship’s arrival. detailed planning and preparation by the unit being
During this 24-hour period, the POG ensures all POG transported. Rail movement operations are divided
teams are functional; staging areas are prepared for into a planning and preparation phase and an
equipment, vehicles, and cargo; MHE is operational; execution phase. Coordination is necessary among the
lines of communications are functioning; and moving unit, the traffic management office, the rail
personnel are reminded of local safety procedures and facility, the movement control center, and the rail
crane and vehicles hand signals. operations team.
Organization l Providing an inspection team to ensure the quality

of blocking and bracing.
The rail operations team is task-organized around a
l Providing a GBL.
nucleus from the beach and terminal operations
company, TSB. The needs of the units moving through l Checking and obtaining route clearances for
the rail yard determine the rail operations team’s task overweight or outsized items.
organization. Liaison/interpreter elements may be l Training of personnel.
required if conducting rail movement operations in a
foreign country. The organizational structure should
Deploying Unit
provide, at a minimum, the following sections:
The deploying unit is responsible for—
l Command/administration.
l Operations. l Loading/unloading the rail cars.
l Materials handling equipment. l Meeting the unit movement date.
l Motor transport. l Preparing for movement.
l Traffic control. l Planning, supervising, and executing movement
l Communications. from unit staging area to call forward area to rail
siding.
l Loading/blocking and bracing teams.
l Purchasing and providing material to be used in
l Maintenance, supply, and medical. blocking and bracing equipment.
l Rail inspection. l Identifying unique restrictions or requirements of
l Security. selected equipment.
l Host nation liaison/interpreter if required. l Processing of personnel.
Tasks and Responsibilities Planning Considerations

The planning and preparation phase can be further
Rail Operations Team subdivided into preplanning, detailed planning, and
preparation of equipment. The Association of
The rail operations team’s mission is to plan for, American Railroads loading rules are used as a guide
coordinate, and supervise the loading and unloading of during planning. The unit movement officer should
rail cars in support of deploying/redeploying units. use the planning phase of rail movement operations to
The rail operations team establishes itself at the validate and confirm rail equipment requirements,
railhead to coordinate and ensure the throughput of the establish/verify timetables and schedules, and simplify
deploying unit. In conjunction with the deploying unit, the load as much as possible.
the rail operations team plans and executes the staging,
movement to the railhead, and the departure of moving
units. The rail operations team’s duties include— Preplanning
l Providing technical rail loading/unloading During the planning and preparation phase, the unit
expertise. movement officer should—
l Providing technical data on rail cars. l List all equipment to be transported (including
l Determining blocking and bracing material loaded dimensions and loaded weight).
requirements. l Establish liaison with rail authorities/traffic
l Computing rail car requirements based on unit management office representatives and rail
movement data. operations team to identify rail equipment
l Conducting the receiving inspection on the available.
serviceability of rail cars. l Determine capabilities of rail sidings to be used.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5-12 MCWP 4-11.3
Detailed Planning
Motor Transport Operations
During the detailed planning phase, the specific rules
listed in the Association of American Railroads’ Marine Forces may be employed in areas of extremes
loading rules and the guidance provided by the traffic in weather and terrain. These areas encompass more
management office and the rail operations team must than half the earth’s land surface and are made up of
be followed. The unit movement officer and the rail arctic-like areas, mountains, deserts, jungles, and
operations team must work closely during planning for flooded areas. Additionally, improved technology and
the unit’s movement by rail. The following concepts dramatic increase of mobile forces worldwide require
are used for guidance: the Marine Corps to be prepared to conduct mobile
operations consistent with current maneuver concepts.
l Avoid mixing tracked and wheeled vehicles on the In support of mobile maneuver forces in areas of
same car (higher tariffs are charged for this extreme weather or terrain, normal motor transport
configuration). procedures will require modification to be effective.
l Use 100,000 pounds as a load limit on all cars. For convoy operations, refer to MCRP 4-11.3F,
Convoy Operations Handbook.
l Limit width to 100 inches, if possible, because of
clearances.
l Know height restrictions and coordinate alternative Jungle Operations
transportation for equipment that is too tall.
Jungle terrain includes areas of tropical rain forest and
l Know the different types and capacities of rail cars. secondary growth that vary in locale from mountains
l Sequence the vehicles to be loaded. to low-lying swampy plains. It lacks fully developed
LOCs. Jungle terrain and climate limit foot and
l Template the load. Establish a call forward plan.
vehicular movement, observation, fields of fire,
l Plan for unloading: Is there a spur at the final communications, and control. There are few roads and
destination? ramps? MHE? trails in jungle areas and their use is limited to light
trucks or tracked vehicles. Roads usually have to be
Preparation of Equipment constructed, but the dense vegetation, unstable soils,
poor drainage, and general lack of building materials
During this phase, the deploying unit must prepare all make road building difficult. Jungle roads and trails
equipment and vehicles for loading in accordance with are overgrown rapidly unless they are in constant use.
established guidance. The deploying unit ensures that Extensive reconnaissance and/or clearing may be
all personnel involved in the movement know the necessary to locate and put roads to use.
sequence of movement from the unit staging area to
the call forward area and then to the rail siding. Planning for Jungle Operations
Coordination Requirements Light vehicles provide greater utility when operating

on jungle trails and roads. Additionally, the load-
Without coordination, equipment can easily be lost or bearing capacity of the soil in most jungle areas,
sent on the wrong trains. Coordination helps prevent especially during the rainy season, is quite low.
confusion that can easily lead to injuries or damage to Extensive engineer effort may be anticipated to
equipment. maintain any roads that carry heavy vehicles.
Distances may be short, but operating speeds will be
Execution low; therefore, movement planning must compensate
for this limiting factor. During and after rains, roads
The execution phase is the culmination of all planning will quickly become impassable if subject to heavy
and preparation. The actual loading and bracing of the traffic flow. Movements in hostile areas require
equipment on the rail cars takes time, and safety effective security measures to guard against ambush.
should be a prime concern. Seasonal weather conditions will affect all aspects of
motor transport operations. Become familiar with the There are few developed roads and the similarity of
area weather and prepare for the worst. terrain features makes cross-country navigation
difficult. Therefore, motor transport personnel must
have maps and be proficient in land navigation
Driving Techniques
techniques. Marines should receive training with the
precision lightweight global positioning system (GPS)
Normal driving techniques are employed in jungle
receiver (PLGR) and use its capabilities to the fullest
operations. However, operators must be oriented to the
while navigating in the desert.
jungle environment; they must be on guard to avoid
areas their vehicles are incapable of passing and the
possibility of flooding in low areas and along Vehicles should be well dispersed during movements
watercourses during heavy rains. and at halts as a defense against air and artillery attacks.
On unimproved roads, except in high mine threat areas, Camouflage materials should be carried on vehicles
vehicles should not follow in the preceding vehicle’s tire since there will normally be little natural concealment.
tracks. Doing so leads to the development of ruts,
drainage problems, and reduced trafficability. The desert climate will reduce the ability of personnel
to perform physically. In some cases, especially over
The reduced visibility that is characteristic of jungle the long term, it will be counter-productive to attempt
roads requires operators to be alert and prepare for heavy labor except during the most favorable times of
defensive action against enemy threats and road hazards. the day or night. Maintenance of vehicles exposed to
the sun in hot desert areas must be limited to essential
Operators watch for overheating of vehicles as a result tasks. Shelter may be required to provide shade.
of prolonged low speed operation or radiator blockage Maintenance activities may have to be scheduled
from mud or vegetation. during hours of darkness.
Vehicles with poor cross-country mobility should not

Desert Operations be employed in the desert. Consideration should be
Deserts are semiarid and arid regions containing a made to travel at night as to avoid visual detection
wide variety of soils in varying relief. Desert from low flying aircraft and ground forces. All
characteristics include extreme temperatures, dust Marines should use every available tool and receive
storms, lack of water and vegetation, bright sunshine training in night driving techniques (i.e., blackout
and moonlight, mirages, and lack of roads. The lights, night vision goggles [NVGs], and PLGRs).
dynamic nature of desert operations, and the large
areas in which they may be conducted, necessitate Driving Techniques
some modification of landing force organization and
equipment to provide for increased mobility. Desert Driving in intense heat over long distances and for
operations can be most efficiently conducted when the extended periods of time will be monotonous and
landing force is 100 percent mobile. Planners should tiring. High-speed operation on desert roads will
be concerned with integrating available motor require operators to remain alert in spite of the
transport, amphibious assault vehicles, light armor monotony. Each vehicle in a convoy will raise a cloud
vehicles, tanks, self-propelled weapons, and of dust, which will obscure the vision of the following
aircraft into a combination that will best support the operator, therefore, vehicle spacing should be
landing force. increased to the maximum extent possible consistent
with convoy security. The following techniques
Planning for Desert Operations should be used:
Operations in the desert involve long distances and are l Wear goggles while driving open hatched vehicles
conducted over terrain that channels motor transport regardless of visibility. Clear-lens goggles should
movements. be worn at night unless NVGs are used. Bandannas
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5-14 MCWP 4-11.3
or surgical masks should be worn to avoid breathing transport organization, training, equipment, and
heavy dust. tactics. Mountains cause compartmentalization of
l Maintain a dust distance of twice the normal military operations and present great difficulties to
interval, or as specified in the unit SOP to allow movement and maneuver. The weather is
time for the dust to dissipate. When driving on characterized by rapid changes in temperature
extremely dusty roads or trails and, if traffic accompanied by high wind fog, mist, rain or snow.
conditions permit, a staggered column formation Road nets are limited and the construction of new
can be used with vehicles alternately driving on the roads and trails is difficult and time-consuming.
left and right side of the road. Even when road nets are available, the enemy may
hinder movement by destroying bridges, chartered
l Turn on lights to increase visibility. Overtaking and
sections of the road along steep slopes or blocking
passing slower vehicles should be accomplished
defiles with slides of snow, rocks or timber.
with great care when dust obscures the roadway and
Vehicles are used as far forward as possible, then
possible oncoming vehicles under dusty conditions.
supplies are moved forward on animals or porters in
l Remain alert and adjust speed to keep engine steeper, more inaccessible country. Within density-
revolutions per minute within the safe operating altitude limitations, helicopters may be used for
range. Fuel consumption will increase dramatically. moving equipment and supplies. Airdrop of
Although the desert may appear to be flat, gradually supplies and equipment may be necessary when
rising terrain will often make it impossible to flying conditions permit.
operate at highest gear range and at the proper
engine revolutions per minute. A strong headwind
will compound this problem as will a covering of
Planning for Mountain Operations
loose sand on the roadway.
Specific knowledge of road characteristics is
l Drive on sand at night or early morning when the especially important in mountains. Grades, bridge
sand is damp and traction is better. However, this is capacities, tunnels, and the radius of turns may limit
not always the case especially with the newer type the types of vehicles that can be employed, as well as
military tires with closer tread design. Damp sand the loads they can carry.
packs between the tread in the grooves of these tires
resulting in virtually no surface traction. While Seasonal weather patterns of the AO should be
driving in loose sand, the vehicle tends to get mired reviewed. At high altitudes, freezing rain and snow
down. The best thing to do is use low transfer and can be expected over a major portion of the year. The
low gears to keep vehicle engine and transmission motor transport officer should evaluate potential
from over heating. It is best to reduce vehicle tire weather conditions and prepare for the worst.
pressure to the recommended tire pressure listed in
the vehicles technical manuals for that specific Unless a well-developed road net is available, heavy
vehicle. Vehicle speed should be reduced when tire vehicles and certain truck-trailer combinations may be
pressure is reduced. Lower tire pressure at higher useless in the mountains.
speeds increase tire sidewall heat and will increase
the possibility of tire failure. The lower tire pressure Recovery of disabled vehicles will be difficult and
does not affect vehicles equipped with radial tires or may completely halt the flow of traffic. Before
central tire inflation system if the maximum speed operation checks, maintenance and inspection of
listed in the operator’s manual is not exceeded. vehicles prior to dispatch must be closely monitored.
l Vehicle loads must be evenly distributed. All-wheel
drive should be used where possible to prevent the Driving Techniques
vehicle becoming mired down.
Marine Corps vehicles are well-suited to operating in
Mountain Operations mountainous regions due to their high power-to-
weight ratios, low-gear ratios, and relatively short
In mountain areas, conditions of ground and climate wheelbase. Operators should have no difficulty in
require modification in landing force and motor operating vehicles on the steep grades, sharp curves,
and narrow roadways if vehicles are checked for techniques and equipment must be included in the
mechanical fitness prior to being dispatched, loaded conduct of such operations.
within prescribed limits, and driven skillfully with full
concern for road and weather conditions. Planning for Cold Weather Operations
When approaching a steep upgrade, especially when In-depth planning for motor transport operations is
loaded, the operator should make a judgment as to necessary and must provide for reduced capability of
whether the high-gear or low-gear range will be vehicles and motor transport units.
required. Normally, the lowest range will be used and
the transfer case should be shifted to low range before Special training for operators in cold weather driving
the vehicle speed drops below that prescribed by the and vehicle maintenance is essential when providing
respective technical manual. This will increase motor transport services to units engaged in cold
chances of topping the hill at best possible speed and weather warfare.
with the engine operating at maximum torque speed.
This early shift of the transfer case into lower gear Routes with easily identifiable checkpoints should be
range will often avoid having to shift into first gear at used. Checkpoints require pronounced vertical
low speeds when driving manual shift vehicles. On characteristics, since drifting snow covers contours
vehicles with an automatic transmission, it will and terrain features rapidly. An assistant operator
prevent overheating of the transmission fluid. should be assigned to each vehicle. Driving in heavy
snow and deep cold is fatiguing and demands
When approaching a downgrade, the operator should increased driver concentration that makes periodic
make a judgment as to what gear should be used to relief necessary.
obtain the best retarding effect from the engine.
Brakes should be tested, brake air pressure monitored, All vehicles must have proper tires, chains, tow
and the vehicle speed reduced to a rate consistent with devices, and snow shovels.
road and weather conditions. In the event that brakes
Items likely to be needed first should be loaded last.
fail and the engine retarding capability is exceeded,
emergency stop procedures should be executed
Low temperatures require increased maintenance
immediately including, if necessary, ditching the
personnel, facilities, and special equipment. Low-
vehicle on the uphill side of the road. Attempting to
temperature lubricants and fuels must be provided.
ride it out on a runaway vehicle adds to the
Shelter from the wind and intense cold is required
chances of serious injury and endangers other
for performance of any but the simplest
vehicles and personnel.
maintenance tasks.
Cold Weather Operations Motor vehicle operators and crew must be equipped
with and required to carry cold weather clothing and
Operations in arctic and sub-arctic regions of the equipment in their vehicles for survival in case of
world require a landing force and its transportation accident or breakdown. They must be trained to
elements to use special equipment and special survive in the cold.
techniques to operate successfully. Deep snow and
extreme cold are also found in the north temperate Units engaged in cold weather warfare require
zone and at high altitudes in all zones. The areas in additional vehicles, and vehicles are less efficient for
which these conditions exist range from forested to the following reasons:
relatively barren regions and vary extensively in
population. Offensive and defensive operations in l Organic vehicles of the units have reduced
these areas are conducted as in other climates. capability thereby placing increased demands on
However, operations require greater CSS, more time support units.
to accomplish, more attention to detail, and more l Vehicles require extra time and special attention for
effective leadership. The considerations of special starting at low temperatures.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5-16 MCWP 4-11.3
l The number of troops that can be transported in the route or changes in weather conditions. Vehicle
vehicles will be reduced due to bulk of clothing and operators are trained to keep the other vehicles in the
additional gear carried. The quantity of individual group in sight and assist if a vehicle becomes disabled.
and organizational equipment required to survive in
cold climates makes it necessary for the unit to use
Unmaintained Road Net
a greater number of vehicles to transport the unit
load.
On roads not fully maintained by snow removal
l Operating speeds are reduced to accommodate operations, vehicles in the 1 1/4 -ton class can operate
hazardous driving conditions. at reduced speeds in snow depths up to 6 inches.
Vehicles in the 5-ton payload class can operate at
l Fuel consumption is increased by 25 to 50 percent
reduced speeds in snow up to 12 inches deep and
due to operation in lower gears, increased idle time
under emergency conditions with full payload in snow
to warm running gear, and frequent starting and
depths of 20 inches with fully trained and experienced
stopping due to hazardous road conditions.
operators. Use of non-powered trailers or other towed
l Frequency of accidents and enroute delays are loads should be avoided in heavy snow conditions.
increased by hazardous road conditions.
l Bad weather conditions and fatigue of cargo Ice
handlers will increase loading and unloading times.
Frozen lakes and rivers are excellent supply routes. Ice
The capability of motor transport units to provide routes must be selected and tested for ice thickness
increased support will be influenced by the existence and structural integrity. Even amphibious vehicles
of the same degrading factors enumerated above for may not be able to extricate themselves from an ice
organic transport operations. In addition it must be hole (see table 5-2).
expected that the availability of vehicles for service
will deteriorate as a function of the duration and the Oversnow Vehicles
intensity of cold weather.
Operation of oversnow logistics support vehicles
The level of maintenance of the road net in heavy require special procedures to ensure maximum use of
snow areas will have strong influence on the support every vehicle.
capabilities of the motor transport units, especially in
performing resupply missions. Snow clearing must be The following principles apply:
planned for and equipment must be available to
support motor transport units. l Use prepared and marked trails whenever possible.
l Dispatch vehicles in small groups, never singly.
Tactical employment of infantry units will require
them to operate off the established road net. Infantry l Exercise positive control measures to monitor the
units require support of marginal terrain vehicles to location of every vehicle operating off trails.
retain their mobility despite the heavy additional loads l Train operators to be proficient in land navigation
imposed by clothing, shelter, fuel to heat shelters, and when operating cross-country.
increased quantity of rations. The vehicles, in turn,
l Top off fuel tanks when dispatching a vehicle to
increase supply and maintenance needs of the units.
ensure sufficient range for the return trip.
l Minimize operations on cleared roads.
Maintained Road Net
l Tow a sled rather then overload the vehicle in deep
Convoy operations may be carried out normally, snow.
except for reduced speeds and increased gaps between l Observe care when transporting troops. Closed
vehicles. Convoy speed is adjusted dependent upon oversnow vehicles are prone to entrapment of
the road surface conditions along various sections of carbon monoxide.
Table 5-2. Ice Load-Bearing Capacities. to dismount points to continue the attack on foot. As
objectives are seized, trucks will be called forward
Gross Minimum Ice Minimum under the leadership of motor transport leaders and
Distance
Load Type Weight Thickness Between Loads infantry units will remount the trucks and continue the
(tons) (cm/in)
(meters/yards) attack in an effort to maintain the momentum of the
Marine on Skis or attack. Traditional convoy techniques may not be
Snowshoes 0.1 3/1.2 5/5.5 employed under these conditions. Motor transport unit
Marine on Foot 0.1 5/2 5/5.5 leaders will be required to advise and assist infantry
Infantry unit leaders in developing plans including movement
(column of 2) 7.6/3 7.3/8 formations, movement techniques, and primary and
Infantry alternate routes to objectives and dismount points.
(column of 4) 10/4 10/11 Motor transport leaders will also be required to advise
Wheeled Vehicle infantry leaders on the maintenance of vehicles.
Loads up to: 3.5 23/9 15/16.5
6 30/12 20/22
10 40/16 25.6/28 Mechanized Operations
15 61/24 30/33
Tracked Vehicles
Mechanized operations are conducted by infantry units
Loads up to: 3.5 20/8 15/16.5 mounted in amphibious assault vehicles (AAVs),
10 30/12 20/22 supported by armor, along with a full combined arms
12.5 40/16 25.6/28
team of combat support and CSS elements.
Mechanized operations will be characterized by rapid,
25 61/24 40/44
long-distance movements and requirements for great
45 81/32 50/55
amounts of supplies. In order to sustain mechanized
60 81/32 60/66 operations and maintain the momentum of the attack,
logistics trains will be formed for the maneuver units.
Mobile Operations Unlike tank and artillery units, infantry units do not
have organic medium trucks that will be required in
Maneuver is the movement of forces to secure or the logistic trains.
retain positional advantage over an enemy. The GCE
commander may require motor transport assets in
addition to amphibious vehicles, armored vehicles, Employment
and helicopters to achieve the ground battlefield
mobility required by the tactical situation. Mechanized operations will be fast moving and will
often move well forward of friendly units or in
unanticipated directions to take advantage of a tactical
Employment situation. Motor transport units should be attached to
infantry battalions to meet the lift requirements of the
The continuous requirements for timely concentration logistic trains.
of units and material will often demand short notice
movement of forces and major shifts in movement
direction. Motor transport units should be attached to Operations
maneuver units during mobile operations to provide
unity of command that will increase responsiveness Motor transport unit leaders should retain tactical
and flexibility.
command of their trucks while under the command of
the commander of the logistic train. In this role, the
Operations motor transport leader also advises and assists the
logistic commander in the planning of convoy
During these types of operations, trucks will be used to procedures and movement routes for the logistic train
move infantry companies and their equipment rapidly and routes for resupply of forward combat units.
APPENDIX A. BEACH AND LANDING SITE MARKERS
A-2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-11.3
Transportation Operations ________________________________________________________________________________ A-3
A-4 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-11.3
Transportation Operations ________________________________________________________________________________ A-5
APPENDIX B. DEPARTURE AIRFIELD
CONTROL GROUP CHECKLIST
The following is a checklist designed to assist the DACG in the performance of its mission.
The following tasks should not be overlooked during planning. The tasks listed are not all
inclusive, but are intended as a guide.
l Brief personnel engaged in DACG operations. l Assist in preparing, inspecting, and making
corrections as necessary to passenger and cargo
l Establish required communications. manifests.
l Secure parking and flow plan from TALCE. l Provide guides to escort planeloads through the
loading ramp area to designated plane sites or
l Brief unit commanders on vehicle flow plan. release points.
l Ensure that sufficient load team personnel with l Inform MAGTF/deploying unit operations officer
pusher vehicles are available. of problems affecting movement schedules.
l Coordinate with the TALCE to ensure that
l Coordinate with the TALCE to ensure aircraft are
personnel and cargo are guided to the proper
parked and assigned numbers in accordance with
aircraft.
the movement plan.
l Inform liaison officers to changes to movement
l Coordinate MHE with the TALCE.
plan.
l Unload personnel/equipment from aborted aircraft
l Maintain status of arrival, departure, and loading.
and guide to replacement aircraft or holding area.
l Obtain airfield diagrams for guides.
l Ensure all personnel involved in the movement
l Ensure that communications are operational operation are briefed on safety.
between all elements of the DACG.
l Ensure all incidents/accidents are investigated and
l Ensure that support equipment, wreckers, POLs, reported.
food service, lighting, first aid, weighing devices,
and maintenance contact teams are available. l Ensure that personal and related services are
provided by the base/installation for deploying
l Coordinate with the MAGTF operations officer. unit(s).
l Coordinate with the deploying units’ movement l Ensure logistics requirements are met.
officer.
l Provide deploying unit(s) with points of contact for
l Coordinate with the call forward officer. logistics support.
l Issue special instructions to alerted aircraft loads. l Secure and supervise facilities for the DACG and
deploying unit(s).
l Receive instructions from the MAGTF/deploying
unit operations officer. l Compile pertinent deployment and movement data.
l Inspect all loads upon receipt from the alert holding l Coordinate reports required by higher headquarters/
area. movement control centers with the TALCE.
APPENDIX C. ARRIVAL AIRFIELD
CONTROL GROUP CHECKLIST
The following is a checklist designed to assist the AACG in the performance of its mission.
l Brief all personnel engaged in AACG operations. l Inform MAGTF/deploying unit operations officer
of problems affecting movement schedules.
l Establish required communications.
l Coordinate MHE with the DACG and the TALCE.
l Secure parking and flow plan from TALCE.
l Ensure all personnel involved in the movement
l Ensure that sufficient offload team personnel with operation are briefed on safety.
pusher vehicles are available.
l Ensure all incidents/accidents are investigated and
l Coordinate with the TALCE to ensure that reported.
personnel and cargo are cleared from arriving
aircraft and guided to release point or holding area. l Ensure that personal and related services are
provided by the base/installation for deploying
l Maintain status of the arrival and departure of the unit(s).
deploying unit’s personnel and equipment at the
arrival airfield. l Ensure logistics requirements are met.
l Ensure that dunnage/shoring materials are retained l Provide deploying unit(s) with points of contact for
by the deploying unit. logistics support.
l Coordinate with the MAGTF operations officer. l Compile pertinent deployment and movement data.
l Coordinate with the deploying units’ movement l Coordinate reports required by higher headquarters/
officer. movement control centers with the TALCE.
APPENDIX D. DEPLOYING UNIT AND D/AACG PLANNING AND
PREPARATION PHASE REQUIREMENTS
The following is a checklist designed to assist the DACG in the performance of its mission.
Deploying Unit Tasks l Construct 463L pallets in accordance with FMFM

4-6, Movements of Units in Air Force Aircraft.
l Identify the number of personnel to be moved.
l Prepare vehicles and equipment in accordance with
l Identify the type and quantity of cargo and FMFM 4-6.
equipment to be moved.
l Establish priorities for arrival. DACG Tasks
l Establish required liaison.
l Determine the number of personnel to be moved.
l Identify the cargoes or equipment that require
l Determine the type and quantity of cargo and
special handling based on shipping configuration or
equipment to be moved.
fragile/hazardous characteristics.
l Determine the timeframe for loading.
l Request technical assistance.
l Confirm the location of airfield(s) and marshaling
l Prepare equipment and train personnel.
area(s) with the installation or base commander and
l Request staff assistance in administrative support, the deploying unit.
unit movement training, air movement planning,
l Determine available departure airfield logistics/
logistics, and maintenance support and standard
administrative facilities.
safety practices in and around aircraft.
l Develop DACG organization structure and staffing.
l Assign unit movement or embarkation officer.
l Determine user support requirements (MHE,
l Develop traffic plan for movement to the departure
security, lighting, fuels, etc.)
airfield.
l Establish liaison with the deploying unit and other
l Establish trained load teams to assist the D/AACG.
support activities.
l Identify foreign border clearance requirements if
l Coordinate with the TALCE to establish DACG
applicable.
training requirements.
l Enter force deployment requirements into the Joint
l Coordinate foreign border clearance requirements
Planning and Execution System (JOPES) to
and procedures if necessary.
accurately reflect lift requirements and deployment
priorities. l Obtain unit deployment list (UDL) of unit cargo
and equipment to be loaded. Identify any problems
l Review inspection procedures and documentation
that will affect loading or require special attention
requirements for hazardous cargo.
to the TALCE.
l Coordinate procedures for transporting individual
l Validate shoring requirements.
weapons, ammunition, and equipment.
l Ensure 463L pallet dunnage availability.
l Determine shoring requirements, ensure its
availability prior to loading, and establish l Determine requirements for vehicle cargo restraint
destination disposition procedures. devices based on deployed unit input.
D-2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-11.3
AACG Tasks l Establish liaison with deploying unit, TALCE, and

other supporting activities.
l Coordinate with TALCE prior to arrival of aircraft
to determine support requirements. l Coordinate with the TALCE to establish AACG
training requirements.
l Ascertain the unloading timeframe.
l Confirm coordination contacts.
l Determine location of arrival airfield(s) and holding
l Obtain UDL of unit cargo and equipment to be
area(s).
loaded. Identify any problems that will affect
l Determine AACG logistics/administrative facilities loading or require special attention to the TALCE.
available at the arrival airfield.
l Finalize AACG organization to include aircraft load
l Develop AACG organizational structure and staff. teams and training requirements.
APPENDIX E. DEPLOYING UNIT AND D/AACG
REQUIREMENTS DURING THE EXECUTION PHASE
Deploying Unit Tasks l Call aircraft loads forward from the marshaling area
(At the Departure Airfield) and assume control in the alert holding area.
l Establish liaison with the DACG and other l Inspect aircraft loads and ensure they are complete
activities. and correctly prepared and that the required shoring
and dunnage was provided by the deploying unit.
l Conduct final preparation of vehicles, cargo, and
equipment in accordance with FMFM 4-6. l Establish a discrepancy correction area.
l Ensure required shoring is on-hand. l Inspect documentation for accuracy and
completeness.
l Prepare cargo and passenger manifests in
accordance with FMFM 4-6. l Ensure passenger accountability and control.
l Assemble personnel, cargo, and equipment in l Provide emergency maintenance and related
aircraft loads per established load plans. services, as necessary, to accomplish the loading
mission.
l Appoint plane team commanders and brief on
responsibilities. l Direct aircraft loads to the call forward area when
l Pass control of unit aircraft loads to DACG at the required.
alert holding area at the time specified by the l Assist in the joint inspection of aircraft loads.
DACG.
l Ensure the deploying unit corrects discrepancies
l Correct discrepancies identified by the DACG and
found during the joint inspection.
TALCE during Joint Inspection.
l Move equipment forward to the ready line when
l Provide specialized help in loading the aircraft if
required.
required.
l Reassemble aircraft loads, with the assistance of the
l Retain one copy of final passenger/cargo manifests.
TALCE, and prepare required manifest changes if
l At the arrival airfield, the deploying unit will— there are aircraft aborts, changes or ACL
discrepancies.
n Provide assistance to the loadmaster.
l Maintain statistical data on the movement of
n Receive instructions from the unload team chief. personnel and equipment, as well as passenger/
cargo manifests and inspection records.
n Retain or dispose of all shoring and dunnage as
determined in planning. l Ensure the deploying unit adheres to the established
timetable.
DACG Tasks
l Provide loading team personnel and support
l Maintain liaison with the deploying unit. equipment.
l Arrange technical assistance required by the l Provide fueling/defueling capability.

deploying unit with the TALCE.
l Provide emergency maintenance for vehicles to be
l Maintain liaison with the aerial port section. transported.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
E-2 MCWP 4-11.3
l Provide and control passenger-holding area if AACG Tasks

required.
l Establish coordination with the receiving command
l Transfer control of the aircraft load to the TALCE or installation if the AACG is part of the arriving
at the ready line and monitor the loading. unit’s load element.
l Obtain aircraft load completion time from the l Ensure accountable aircraft restraint devices are
TALCE. returned to the aircraft.
Load Team Chief Tasks (at the ready line)— l Establish liaison and maintain coordination with the
deploying unit and the TALCE.
l Receive the load at the ready line.
l Ensure unload teams are available and briefed on
l Direct and supervise load teams and vehicle their duties.
operators.
l Coordinate with the TALCE and the deploying unit
l Ensure equipment and supplies are properly
on the recovery and storage of shoring and
restrained in the aircraft.
dunnage.
l Coordinate with the TALCE ready line coordinator
for any special assistance or support needed. l Accept each planeload from the TALCE at the
established release point.
l Ensure loadmaster has appropriate number of
copies of passenger/cargo manifest. l Establish facilities as determined during planning.
l Conduct preflight briefing to all embarking l Maintain records on personnel and cargo received
personnel. and cleared.
l Pass load completion time to the TALCE’s AOC l Release aircraft load to the deploying unit at the
section. designated location.
APPENDIX F. GLOSSARY
SECTION I. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
A CE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . command element
AAA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . arrival and assembly area CINC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .commander in chief
AACG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . arrival airfield control group CLF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .commander, landing force
AAFS . . . . . . . . . . . . .amphibious assault fuel system CLZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . craft landing zone
AALPS . . Automated Aircraft Load Planning System cm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . centimeter
AAOE . . . . . arrival and assembly operations element CNSE . . . . . . . . . .commander, naval support element
AAOG . . . . . . . arrival and assembly operations group CONUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .continental United States
AAV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . amphibious assault vehicle CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . combat service support
ABCA American, British, Canadian, Australian CSSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . combat service support element
Armies Standardization Program
D
ACE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aviation combat element
ACO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . airfield coordination officer DACG . . . . . . . . . . . . .departure airfield control group
A/DACG . . . . .arrival/departure airfield control group DCD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . data collection device
ADCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . administrative control DLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Defense Logistics Agency
AFOE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . assault follow-on echelon DOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Department of Defense
AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . automated information system DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .direct support
AMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Air Mobility Command DTG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . date-time group
ANSI . . . . . . . . American National Standards Institute DTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defense Transportation System
AO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . area of operations
E
AOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . area of responsibility
A/SPOD . . . . . . . . air and/or sea ports of debarkation EPW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .enemy prisoner of war
A/SPOE . . . . . . . . .air and/or sea ports of embarkation ERP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .equipment reception point
ATF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . amphibious task force evac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . evacuation
ATLASS . . . . . . . . . . . asset tracking for logistics and F
supply system
FARP. . . . . . . . . . forward arming and refueling point
B FIE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .fly-in echelon
BLT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .battalion landing team FMCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . force movement control center
BOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . beach operations group FMFM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fleet Marine Force manual
BSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .beach support area FOSAMS. . . . . . . . fleet optical scanning ammunition
marking system
C FSSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . force service support group
C2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . command and control FW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fixed wing
CAEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .computer-aided embarkation
management system G
CALM . . . . . . . . . Computer-Aided Load Manifesting G-1/S-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . manpower or personnel officer
CAPS II . . . . . . . . . consolidated aerial ports system II G-3/S-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . operations staff officer
CATF . . . . . . . . . .commander, amphibious task force G-4/S-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . logistics staff officer
______________________________________________________________________________________________
F-2 MCWP 4-11.3
GBL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . government bill of lading M

GCCS. . . . . . . . . global command and control system MAGTF . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine air-ground task force
GCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ground combat element MAGTF II/LOG AIS . . . . . . . Marine air-ground task
GDSS. . . . . . . . . . . . Global Decision Support System force II/logistics automated
GS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . general support information system
GTN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Global Transportation Network MARFOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine Corps forces
MAW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine aircraft wing
H MCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . movement control center
HQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . headquarters MCWP. . . . . . . Marine Corps warfighting publication
HHQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .higher headquarters MDL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAGTF Data Library
HLZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . helicopter landing zone MDSS II . . . MAGTF Deployment Support System II
HST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .helicopter support team MEF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Marine expeditionary force
MHE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . materials handling equipment
I MOMAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mobility matting
ISO. . . . . . International Standardization Organization MOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . military occupational speciality
in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . inch MP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . military police
MPE/S . . . . . . maritime pre-positioned equipment and
ITV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .in-transit visibility supplies
J MPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . maritime pre-positioning force

MPSRON . . maritime pre-positioning ships squadron
JFAST . . . . . . . . . . . .Joint Flow and Analysis System
MRT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . medical regulating team
for Transportation
MSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Military Sealift Command
JFC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint force commander MT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . motor transport
JIATF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .joint interagency task force MTMC. . . . . Military Traffic Management Command
JLOTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint logistics over-the-shore MWSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Marine wing support group
JMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint movement center MWSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marine wing support squadron
JOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joint Operation Planning and
Execution System N
JP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint publication NATO . . . . . . . . . North Atlantic Treaty Organization
JTF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . joint task force NBC. . . . . . . . . . . . . nuclear, biological, and chemical
NBG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . naval beach group
L NSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Navy support element
LCAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . landing craft air cushion NVG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . night vision goggles
LFSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . landing force support party
O
LMCC . . . . . . . . . . . logistic movement control center
OCU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . orderwire control unit
LOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lines of communications
OIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . officer in charge
LOGSAFE . . . . . . . logistics sustainment analysis and
OPCON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . operational control
feasibility estimator
LOGMARS . . . . . .logistics applications of automated P
marking and reading symbols
PEI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . principal end item
LVS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logistics Vehicle System PLGR. . . . . . .precision lightweight global positioning
LVT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .landing vehicle track system (GPS) receiver
LZSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . landing zone support area POD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . port of debarkation
Transportation Operations ________________________________________________________________________________ F-3
POE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . port of embarkation T

POG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . port operations group TACLOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tactical-logistical group
POL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . petroleum, oils, and lubricants TALCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tanker airlift control element
TAMCN . . . . . . . . . . . . . .table of authorized materiel
Q control number
QSTAG . . . . . quadripartite standardization agreement TCAIMS . . . Transportation Coordinator’s Automated
Information for Movement System
R T/E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . table of equipment
ROLMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retail Ordnance Logistics T/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . table of organization
Management System (Army) tm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . team
RW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rotary wing TPFDD . . . . . . . . .time-phased force deployment data
TSB . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transportation Support Battalion
S
U
SASSY . . . . . . . . . Supported Activity Supply System
SLRP . . . . . . survey, liaison, and reconnaissance party UMCC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . unit movement control center
USTRANSCOM . . . . . . .United States Transportation
SMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SASSY management unit
Command
SOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . standing operating procedure
SP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .shore party W
STANAG . . . . . . standardization agreement (NATO) WPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Worldwide Port System
______________________________________________________________________________________________
F-4 MCWP 4-11.3
SECTION II. DEFINITIONS
A which coordinates the logistics functions of the offload

of MPE/S and the arrival and assembly of forces.
advance party—A task organization formed by the
MAGTF commander that consists of personnel
designated to form the nucleus of the arrival and arrival and assembly operations group (AAOG)—
assembly organizations. A staff agency of the MAGTF, composed of personnel
from the MAGTF and a liaison from the NSE, to
amphibious assault—(DOD) The principal type of control the arrival and assembly operations.
amphibious operation that involves establishing a
force on a hostile or potentially hostile shore. (JP 1-02) B
amphibious assault bulk fuel system—The US. basic load—(DOD, NAT’O) The quantity of supplies
Navy system of flexible, buoyant hose used to effect required to be on hand within, and which can be
ship-to-shore transfer of fuels. Five thousand feet of 6- moved by, a unit or formation. It is expressed
inch hose connects amphibious shipping to shore- according to the wartime organization of the unit or
based fuel storage systems located at the high water formation and maintained at the prescribed levels.
mark. (MCRP 5-12C) (JP 1-02)
amphibious assault fuel system (AAFS)—The Marine beach organization—In an amphibious operation, the
Corps’ primary fuel storage system used to support planned arrangement of personnel and facilities to
amphibious operations. (extract from MCRP 5-12C) effect movement, supply, and evacuation across
beaches and in the beach area for support of a landing
amphibious force—An amphibious task force and a force. (JP 1-02)
landing force together with other forces that are
trained, organized, and equipped for amphibious beach support area (BSA)—In amphibious
operations. (Proposed for inclusion in JP 1-02 by operations, the area to the rear of a landing force or
JP 3-02.) elements thereof, established and operated by shore
party units, which contains the facilities for the
amphibious planning—The process of planning for unloading of troops and materiel and the support of the
an amphibious operation, distinguished by the forces ashore; it includes facilities for the evacuation
necessity for concurrent, parallel and detailed planning of wounded, enemy prisoners of war, and captured
by all participating forces. (extract from JP 1-02) materiel. (JP 1-02)
amphibious task force (ATF)—A Navy task
beachhead—A designated area on a hostile or
organization formed to conduct amphibious
potentially hostile shore that, when seized and held,
operations. The amphibious task force, together with
ensures the continuous landing of troops and materiel,
the landing force and other forces, constitutes the
and provides maneuver space requisite for subsequent
amphibious force. (Proposed for inclusion in JP 1-02
projected operations ashore. (JP 1-02)
by JP 3-02.)
arrival and assembly area (AAA)—An area beachmaster—The naval officer in command of the
designated by Commander, MPF in coordination with beachmaster unit of the naval beach group. (JP 1-02)
the unified commander and host nation for arrival,
offload, and assembly of forces and MPE/S, and beachmaster unit (BMU)—A commissioned naval
preparations for subsequent operations. unit of the naval beach group designed to provide to
the shore party a naval component known as a beach
arrival and assembly operations element (AAOE)— party which is capable of supporting the amphibious
An agency in each MAGTF element and the NSE landing of one division (reinforced). (JP 1-02)
C F
CLZ support team—Provides logistic support to the flight ferry—The movement by self-deployment of
landing force and terminal control of landing craft, air the aircraft of the ACE to the AAA.
cushion. (extract from NWP 3)
fly-in echelon (FIE)—Airlifted forces and equipment
combat cargo officer (CCO)—(DOD) An of the MAGTF and NSE plus aircraft and personnel
embarkation officer assigned to major amphibious arriving in the flight ferry of the ACE.
ships or naval staffs, functioning primarily as an
adviser to and representative of the naval commander G
in matters pertaining to embarkation and debarkation
of troops and their supplies and equipment and to the general unloading period—In amphibious
management of landing force operational reserve operations, that part of the ship-to-shore movement in
material (LFORM). which unloading is primarily logistic in character, and
emphasizes speed and volume of unloading
commander, amphibious task force (CATF)—The operations. It encompasses the unloading of units and
Navy officer designated in the order initiating the cargo from the ships as rapidly as facilities on the
amphibious operation as the commander of the beach permit. It proceeds without regard to class, type,
amphibious task force. (Proposed for inclusion in or priority of cargo, as permitted by cargo handling
JP 1-02 by JP 3-02.) facilities ashore. (JP 1-02)
commander, landing force (CLF)—The officer H

designated in the order initiating the amphibious helicopter support team (HST)—A task organization
operation as the commander of the landing force. formed and equipped for employment in a landing
(Proposed for inclusion in JP 1-02 by JP 3-02.) zone to facilitate the landing and movement of
helicopterborne troops, equipment and supplies, and to
concept of logistic support—A verbal or graphic evacuate selected casualties and enemy prisoners of
statement, in a broad outline, of how a commander war. (Joint Pub 1-02). It may be built around a nucleus
intends to support and integrate with a concept of of shore party and helicopter landing zone control
operations in an operation or campaign. (JP 1-02) personnel. (JP 3-02)
coordinating authority—A commander or individual hydrography—(DOD, NATO) The science which

assigned responsibility for coordinating specific deals with the measurements and description of the
functions or activities involving forces of two or more physical features of the oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and
military departments or two or more forces of the their adjoining coastal areas, with particular reference
same Service. The commander or individual has the to their use for navigational purposes. (JP 1-02)
authority to require consultation between the agencies
involved, but does not have the authority to compel I
agreement. In the event that essential agreement
cannot be obtained, the matter shall be referred to the initial unloading period—In amphibious operations,
appointing authority. (extract from JP 1-02) that part of the ship-to-shore movement in which
unloading is primarily tactical in character and must
be instantly responsive to landing force requirements.
D
All elements intended to land during this period are
debarkation—(DOD) The unloading of troops, equipment, serialized. (JP 1-02)
or supplies from a ship or aircraft (JP 1-02).
L
E
landing beach—(DOD, NATO) That portion of a
embarkation—(DOD) The process of putting shoreline usually required for the landing of a
personnel and/or vehicles and their associated stores battalion landing team. However, it may also be that
and equipment into ships and/or aircraft. (JP 1-02) portion of a shoreline constituting a tactical locality
______________________________________________________________________________________________
F-6 MCWP 4-11.3
(such as the shore of a bay) over which a force larger subordinate MAGTFs, other Service and/or foreign
or smaller than a battalion landing team may be military forces, to be assigned or attached.
landed. (JP 1-02)
maritime pre-positioned equipment and supplies
landing craft—(DOD, NATO) A craft employed in (MPE/S)—Unit equipment and sustaining supplies
amphibious operations, specifically designed for associated with a MAGTF and a NSE, which are
carrying troops and equipment and for beaching, deployed on maritime pre-positioning ships.
unloading, and retracting. Also used for logistic cargo
resupply operations. (JP 1-02) maritime pre-positioning force (MPF)—A task
organization of units under one commander formed
landing force (LF)—A Marine Corps or Army task for the purpose of introducing a MAGTF and its
organization formed to conduct amphibious associated equipment and supplies into a secure area
operations. The landing force, together with the The MPF is composed of a command element, a
amphibious task force and other forces, constitute the maritime pre-positioning ships (MPS) squadron, a
amphibious force. (Proposed for inclusion in JP 1-02 MAGTF, and a Navy support element. (MCRP 5-12C)
by JP 3-02.)
maritime pre-positioning ships (MPS)—(DOD) Civilian-
landing schedule—(DOD) In an amphibious crewed, Military Sealift Command-chartered ships that are
operation, a schedule which shows the beach, hour, organized into three squadrons and are usually forward-
and priorities of landing of assault units, and which deployed. These ships are loaded with pre-positioned
coordinates the movements of landing craft from the equipment and 30 days of supplies to support three
transports to the beach in order to execute the scheme Marine expeditionary brigades. (JP 1-02)
of maneuver ashore. (JP 1-02)
maritime pre-positioning ships squadron
landing zone (LZ)—(DOD, NATO) Any specified
(MPSRON)—A group of civilian-owned and civilian-
zone used for the landing of aircraft. (JP 1-02)
crewed ships chartered by Military Sealift Command
loaded with pre-positioned equipment and 30 days of
landing zone control party—(DOD, NATO)
supplies to support a MAGTF up to MEB size.
Personnel specially trained and equipped to establish
and operate communications devices from the ground
for traffic control of aircraft/helicopters for a specific marshalling area—In amphibious operations, the
landing zone. (JP 1-02) designated area in which, as part of the mounting
process, units are reorganized for embarkation;
M vehicles and equipment are prepared to move directly
to embarkation areas; and housekeeping facilities are
marine air-ground task force (MAGTF)—The provided for troops by other units. (MCRP 5-12C)
Marine Corps principal organization for all missions
across the range of military operations, composed of N
forces task-organized under a single commander
capable of responding rapidly to a contingency naval beach group (NBG)—(DOD, NATO) A
anywhere in the world. The types of forces in the permanently organized naval command, within an
MAGTF are functionally grouped into four core amphibious force, comprised of a commander, and
elements: a command element, an aviation combat staff, a beachmaster unit, an amphibious construction
element, a ground combat element, and a combat battalion, and an assault craft unit, designed to provide
service support element. The four core elements are an administrative group from which required naval
categories of forces, not formal commands. The basic tactical components may be made available to the
structure of the MAGTF never varies, though the attack force commander and to the amphibious
number, size, and type of Marine Corps units landing force commander to support the landing of
comprising each of its four elements will always be one division (reinforced). (JP 1-02)
mission dependent. The flexibility of the
organizational structure allows for one or more naval beach unit—See naval beach group.
Navy cargo handling and port group shore party—A task organization of the landing
(NAVCHAPGRU)—(DOD) The active duty, cargo force, formed for the purpose of facilitating the
handling battalion-sized unit composed solely of landing and movement off the beaches of troops,
active duty personnel. (JP 1-02) These units are part of equipment, and supplies; for the evacuation from the
the operating forces and represent the Navy’s beaches of casualties and enemy prisoners of war; and
capability for open ocean cargo handling. for facilitating the beaching, retraction, and salvaging
of landing ships and craft. It comprises elements of
Navy support element (NSE)—The maritime pre- both the naval and landing forces. (JP 1-02)
positioning force element that is composed of naval
beach group staff and subordinate unit personnel, a
survey, liaison, and reconnaissance party
detachment of Navy cargo handling force personnel,
(SLRP)—A task organization formed from the
and other Navy components, as required. It is tasked
with conducting the off-load and ship-to-shore MAGTF and NSE, which is introduced into the
movement of maritime pre-positioned equipment/ objective area prior to the arrival of the main body of
supplies. (JP 1-02) the FIE to conduct initial reconnaissance, establish
liaison with in-theater authorities, and initiate
nonscheduled waves—Units of the landing force held preparations for the arrival of the main body of the FIE
in readiness for landing during the initial unloading and the MPSRON.
period but not included in scheduled or on-call waves.
T
O
TACLOG group—Representatives designated by
offload preparation party (OPP)—A task
troop commanders to assist Navy control officers
organization of Navy and Marine maintenance,
aboard control ships in the ship-to-shore movement of
embarkation and cargo handling personnel deployed
troops, equipment, and supplies. (JP 1-02)
to the MPSRON before or during its transit to the
objective area to prepare the ship’s offload systems
and embarked equipment for offload. tactical airfield fuel dispensing system (TAFDS)—
An expeditionary system providing bulk fuel storage
S and dispensing facilities at airfields not having
permanently installed fuel systems; also used to
serial—An element or a group of elements within a
support fuel dispensing at established airfields.
series which is given a numerical or alphabetical
(MCRP 5-12C)
designation for convenience in planning, scheduling,
and control. (JP 1-02)
throughput—(DOD) In logistics, the flow of
ship-to-shore movement—(DOD, NATO) That sustainability assets in support of military operations,
portion of the assault phase of an amphibious at all levels of war, from point of origin to point of use.
operation which includes the deployment of the It involves the movement of personnel and materiel
landing force from the assault shipping to designated over lines of communications using established
landing areas. (JP 1-02) pipelines and distribution systems. (MCRP 5-12C)
APPENDIX G. REFERENCES AND
RELATED PUBLICATIONS
Department of Defense Directive (DODD)

4500.9 Transportation and Traffic Management
Allied Tactical Publications (ATPs)

8(A) Doctrine for Amphibious Operations
35(B) Land Force Tactical Doctrine
36(A) Amphibious Operations Ship to Shore Movement
39(A) Amphibious Embarkation
46(A) Air Drop Systems for Personnel and Supply Equipment
Joint Publications (JPs)

1-02 Department of Defense Dictionary of Military
and Associated Terms
3-02 Joint Doctrine for Amphibious Operations
3-02.1 Joint Doctrine for Landing Force Operations
3-02.2 Joint Doctrine for Amphibious Embarkation
4-0 Doctrine for Logistic Support of Joint Operations
4-01 Joint Doctrine for the Defense Transportation System
4-01.3 JTTP for Movement Control
4-01.5 Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Water

Terminal Operations
4-01.6 Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for

Joint Logistics over the Shore
4-01.7 Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Use of

Intermodal Containers in Joint Operations
Navy Supplement Publication (NAVSUP PUB)

505 Preparation of Hazardous Material for Military Air
Shipment
G-2 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 4-11.3
Marine Corps Warfighting Publications (MCWPs)

2-1 Intelligence Operations
3-17 Engineer Operations
4-1 Logistics Operations
4-11 Tactical Level Logistics
4-11.1 Health Service Support Operations
4-11.5 Seabee Operations in MAGTF
6-22 Communications and Information Systems
Marine Corps Reference Publications (MCRPs)

4-11.3B Movement of Units in Air Force Aircraft
4-11.3E Multiservice Helicopter Sling-Load Volumes I, Basic

Operations and Equipment, Volume II Single Point
Rigging Procedures, Volume III Dual-Point Load
Rigging Procedures
4-11.3F Convoy Operations Handbook
5-12C Marine Corps Supplement to the Department of

Defense Dictionary of Military and
Associated Terms
Marine Corps Orders (MCOs)

P4030.19 Preparing Hazardous Materials for Military Air
Shipments
8010.1E Class V(W) Planning Factors for Fleet Marine Force

Combat Operations
Fleet Marine Force Manuals (FMFMs)

1-8/NWP 22-3 Ship-to-Shore Movement (under revision as
MCWP 3-31.5)
4-2 The Naval Beach Group
4-6 Movements of Units in Air Force Aircraft (under

revision as MCRP 4-12A)
47-47 Airdrop of Supplies and Equipment:

Rigging Containers
Transportation Operations ________________________________________________________________________________ G-3
10-553 Airdrop of Supplies and Equipment:

Rigging Ammunition
Army Technical Manual (TM)

38.50 Packaging, Materials Handling, and Preparing of
Hazardous Materials for Military Air Shipment
Army Field Manual (FM)

55-17 Terminal Operations Coordinator’s Handbook
Army Technical Bulletin (TB)

55-46-1 Standard Characteristics (dimensions, weight, and
cube) for Transportability of Military Vehicles and
Other Outside/Overweight Equipment

Marines Transportation Operations

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MCWP 4-11.

U.S. Marine Corps

PCN 143 000083 00

Unless otherwise stated, whenever the masculine gender is used, both

Marine Corps Warfighting Publication (MCWP) 4-11.3, Transportation Operations,

Reviewed and approved this date.

BY DIRECTION OF THE COMMANDANT OF THE MARINE CORPS

DISTRIBUTION: 143 000083 00

Chapter 1. Transportation Overview

Chapter 2. Transportation Organizations

Shore Party Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Chapter 3. Transportation Command and Control

Chapter 4. Landing Support Operations

Chapter 5. Other Transportation Support Operations

Coordination Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

transportation of personnel, weapons, communications

Function Landing Support

Whereas port operations are specific to the loading

of departure, to in-transit support, to ship-to-shore l Movement from A/SPOD to tactical assembly

Deployment Modes Movement Control in the AO

When operating as part of a unified command or JTF,

Figure 2-1. Transportation Support Battalion.

Figure 2-2. Support Company.

equipment from landing craft, ships, and helicopters

Figure 2-3. Landing Support Company.

Beach and Terminal Operations Concept of Employment

Mission When directed, beach and terminal operations assumes

Concept of Organization Tasks

Figure 2-4. Beach and Terminal Operations.

Figure 2-5. General Support.

l Provide unit and supply point distribution of bulk Tasks

Figure 2-6. Direct Support.

The truck company is a combat support asset of the

l Supervising the planning and technical training and

Marine Wing Support Squadron, Marine Wing

Table 2-2. Truck Company, Selected Items of Equipment.

TAMCN Description Model Qty

organization may vary, it typically consists of a

l Supporting the landing plan.

The LFSP provides CSS to the landing force until the

Headquarters communications ashore. Marine Corps Warfighting

Figure 2-11. Shore Party Group.

Headquarters assigned administrative and communications

Figure 2-12. Headquarters, Shore Party Group.

Replacement Pool. The replacement pool consists of

Figure 2-13. Organization of a Typical Shore Party Team.

Service Platoon. The service platoon’s nucleus

Figure 2-14. Beach Party Group.

Figure 2-15. Beach Party Team.

Communications Section. The communications Oceanographic Section. The oceanographic section

Figure 2-16. Beach Support Unit.

operations in accordance with JP 3-02, Joint Doctrine

Figure 2-18. Sample TACLOG Relationships.

helicopter(s) required based on the tactical situation

HLZs and/or combat service support areas (CSSAs)

Figure 2-19. Helicopter Support Team.

Advance Party l A communications section provided by the

Transportation management and movement control

Figure 3-1. Movement Control Relationships During Deployment.