The Art of Public Speaking and How to Write an Effective Speech (copy all RED!!!

Steps to Writing a Speech

Brainstorming
Write down as many ideas as you can about your topic. Do not erase anything.

Then go back later and eliminate things that do not seem to fit just right. Think to yourself: Who will hear my speech and why?

Sloppy Copy

Organize your ideas and write a rough, rough draft!

Editing

Peer editing, sharing and conferencing! Be sure to add new ideas and information, if needed.

Proofreading

Check for CONTENT and then for grammar, sound quality, etc Check for excellence!

Publishing

A copy of your speech, or note cards are necessary.

Sizing Up Your Audience

To determine which approach you will take in your presentation. Different group attitudes require different methods of presentation!

What is the size of your audience? Will they have a sense of humor? Do they want to hear what you have to say?

Multiple Intelligences
Different people learn in different ways and have different kinds of "intelligences." Knowing this, you can assume that your audience has certain strengths and weaknesses, as well as different learning styles.

The AudienceRules for Feedback

-Describe the speaker's mistakes; do not get personal. -Offer specific comments.

-Only comment on things that the speaker has control over, such as tone, content or speed.

The Audience as Evaluators

-Share feelings and thoughts with the speaker. -Make "I" statements "I think your speech was" or "I feel you need to") -Be specific. -Be constructive, not destructive. -Remember that each speaker is unique. -Comment only on the speech - not on the speaker. -Do not project your own biases onto the speech.

The Audience as Listeners

-Do not judge the person by his or her speech. Be genuine and sincere. -Do not practice or think about your comments, or presentation while the person is speaking. -Try to understand the speaker from his or her point of view.

Experiential Learning and Processing

After each speech the teacher and audience should assess your efforts so that you can take an honest look at your presentation, help you decide what you did well and what you need to improve. While speaking experiences will help you to become accustomed to public speaking, processing your efforts with your peers will help you to develop the confidence to communicate!

Hidden Agendas

The group must be careful to avoid hidden agendas in its critiques. A hidden agenda is a message or a purpose beneath the message being communicated to the speaker. An example of this might be if someone in the group is madly in love with the speaker, his or her critique might be overly kind, even if a more terse critique was due.

A Sad Fact
People do not always listen closely enough to the words of a speech so that only approximately 10% - 15% of what you know and you learn comes from what you hear.

Nowcan anyone repeat what just said???

So, If you happen to NOT be listening.DONT

Drift off during the speech and then pretend to have all of the right comments
Try to show-off by listing trivial concerns or to nit-pick.

Make comments directed at speaker's personality.

Let someone "get away" with a flawed speech.

Basic Speech Organization Skills

"Tell 'em what you're going to tell, 'em; tell 'em; and then tell 'em what you told 'em."

The Introduction (tell 'em what you are going to tell 'em)

The body (tell 'em)

The conclusion (tell 'em what you told 'em)

The Introduction (tell 'em what you are going to tell 'em)
The Introduction has three major roles: 1. to catch the listener's interest 2. to move the topic from general to specific 3. and to deliver the Speech Focusing Statement Whatever you do, do not start your speech by merely stating your topic!

Catching the Listeners' Interest

You could ask a rhetorical question (Is humankind really heading towards disaster?).

Or, you could start with a short story that will pull the listener in, such time you were in a really great establishment.

It really does not matter what technique you use to attract the listener as long as you follow two basic rules:

1) The story or question you choose is specific to your topic

2) You finish the story or answer your question in your conclusion

Moving Down the Funnel

Think of the process like a funnel sitting on a bottle. You start with a wide discussion at the top, and then constrict your discussion sliding down to the specifics of your topic. By the time you hit the neck of the funnel, the audience knows exactly where you are heading and what the elements of your topic will be.

Finally, once you are sliding down the neck of the funnel and have announced the specifics of your speech, you deliver your Speech Focusing Statement. The Speech Focusing Statement is your "tell 'em what you're going to tell 'em."

The body (tell 'em)

After you have your introduction, you have to move along to the "meat" of your speech - the body. The body tells all of the facts and explains all the details of your Speech Focusing Statement. If you tell your listeners that you are going to discuss issues A, B and C in your introduction, then you must discuss A, B, C, not B, C, A or C, B, A, etc. While the order of your topics is an important issue, the logical design and construction you employ is equally as important. In other words, what reasoning did you use for ordering your speech? Are you showing how something developed over time? Are you explaining why something happened the way it did? Are you detailing how to do something?

Methods of Presentation
Once you have decided on the logical development of your topic, you can consider some of the various methods to present the order of your ideas:

Cause to effect show how your topic was the result of essential events.

Chronological order - the time order in which events took place

-

-Anti-climax order - work from the most to least important information.

Climax order - work from the least important information to the most important.

Spatial order - describe the physical setup of your topic.

The Conclusion (tell 'em what you told 'em)

To begin, never say, "in conclusion," or "at last," in your speech. This gives the listener permission to tune you out. It is a much better idea to simply restate your introduction and tell the audience why it was important that they listened, and what you want them to do or to get out of the presentation.

Nerves: Fight vs. Flight

Standing before a group and delivering a speech can be one of the most intimidating experiences of your life. Your heart starts to race, the blood leaves your fingers and toes, your throat goes dry, you shake, and you really wonder why in the world you are doing this. Well, don't worry. This is quite normal. Your body is undergoing what is known as a psychosomatic or psychological stress.

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One Way to Plan Out Your Speech

3 ideas to be discussed

Main Idea

Copy whole chart.

Now to the Assignment

Develop a 5-minute speech with a visual presenting your business to the class. Each student will deliver their speech in front of the class while the rest of the students assess the speaker and provide feedback on the speech. CREATIVITY IS ALWAYS ENCOURAGED!!!

There are several important aspects of presentation to keep in mind.

1) Body language - make sure that you have proper posture. If your shoulders are sagging, you will not appear as sincere. You MUST stand and deliver!!!

2) Articulation You need to speak loud and clear.

3) Pronunciation - Pronounce each word, avoid slang, and do not slur words. You must avoid saying um& "you know."

4) Pitch pitch refers to the highs and lows of the voice. Whatever you do, you must avoid a monotone!

5) Speed - the speed, or pace, is an important variable to control. Try not to speak too fast or too slow.

6) Pause - When you want to emphasize a certain word, pause for one second before; this highlights the word. If you really want to punch it, pause before and after the word!

7) Volume If you scream all the way through your speech, people will become accustomed to it and it will lose its effectiveness. On the other hand, a few well-timed shouts can liven up the speech! You must try to "project" or throw your voice out over the entire class - or speak to the last row.

8) Quality - Quality of voice is the net caliber of your voice, its character and attributes. You must try to keep the vocal quality high; it is what separates your voice from everyone else's.

9) Variance Let your words speak for themselves. If you use the word "strangle," say it with a hint of menace in your voice. If you say "heave," let the class feel the onomatopoeic force behind it. If you say "bulldozer," make it sound like a titan earthmover, not like a baby with a shovel.. .

How you say something and how you physically present yourself are just as important as what you say.

Dont be afraid to be expressive and show emotion!!!!

Evaluation Activity
Lets decide as a group how we will evaluate each other!!!

7 Groups
Using the notes, discussions, and activities that we have done so far, decide on a scale of 0-3 what is good and what is not for the following areas: 1. Introduction 2. Body 3. Conclusion 4. Visual Aids 5. Body Language 6. Voice Quality (articulation, pronunciation, pause, variance) 7. Voice Quality (pitch, speed, volume) We will all use this rubric when evaluating each of the speakers.

For Example:
Aspect Enthusiasm Excellent 3 Facial expression and body language convey strong enthusiasm and interest Good 2 Facial expression and body language sometimes convey strong enthusiasm and interest Satisfactory 1 Facial expression and body language seem contrived Needs Improvement 0 Apparent disinterest in the topic

THANK YOU
For being awesome!!!!

XXXOOO