<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Think on These Things Articles Joel Osteen and The Prosperity Gospel (June/July 2009 - Volume 15,

Issue 4) The New Age book and video by Rhonda Byrne, The Secret, which gained popularity recently due to Oprah Winfreys strong promotion, teaches that we can create *our+ own happiness through the law of attraction. Whether it is cash, health, prosperity or happiness, all can be ours if we will just learn to use the secret. Byrne tells us, Disease cannot live in a body that is in a healthy emotional state. But be warned: If you have a disease and you are focusing on it and talking to people about it, you are going to create more disease cells. [1] Such rhetoric should sound familiar to anyone even faintly aware of the Word of Faith Movement, often termed the prosperity gospel. This group has been infiltrating evangelicalism for decades and is now the fastest growing segment of Christianity in the world. Some have estimated that up to 90 percent of those claiming to be Christians in Africa are of the prosperity gospel variety. Well-known personalities within the movement include Kenneth Hagin (deceased), Kenneth Copeland, Robert Tilton, Paul Yonggi Cho, Benny Hinn, Marilyn Hickey, Frederick Price, John Avanzini, Charles Capps, Jerry Savelle, Morris Cerullo, Joyce Meyer and Paul and Jan Crouch. As implied by the title Word of Faith, the supporters of this movement believe that faith works like a mighty power or force. Through faith we can obtain anything we want health, wealth, success, or whatever we please. However, this force is released only through the spoken word. As we speak words of faith, power is discharged to accomplish our desires. In Christianity in Crisis, Hank Hanegraaff summarizes the theology of Kenneth Hagin (considered by many to be the father of this movement) as found in his booklet How to Write Your Own Ticket with God: In the opening chapter, titled Jesus Appears to Me, Hagin claims that while he was in the Spirit, Jesus told him to get a pencil and a piece of paper. He then instructed him to write down: 1, 2, 3, 4. Jesus then allegedly told Hagin that if anybody, anywhere, will take these four steps or put these four principles into operation, he will always receive whatever he wants from Me or from God the Father. That includes whatever you want financially. The formula is simply: Say it, Do it, Receive it, and Tell it. 1. Step number one is Say it. Positive or negative, it is up to the individual. According to what the individual says, that shall he receive. 2. Step number two is Do it. Your action defeats you or puts you over. According to your action, you receive or you are kept from receiving. 3. Step number three is Receive it. We are to plug into the powerhouse of heaven. Faith is the plug, praise God! Just plug in. 4. Step number four is, Tell it so others may believe. This final step might be considered the Faith movements outreach program.[2] Kenneth Copeland states the faith formula this way: All it takes is 1) seeing or visualizing whatever you need, whether physical or financial; 2) staking your claim on Scripture; and 3) speaking it into existence. [3] Paul Yonggi Cho, pastor of the worlds largest church in South Korea , borrowing from the occult, has developed what he calls the Law of Incubation. Here is how it works: First make a clear-cut goal, then draw a mental picture, vivid and graphic, to visualize success. Then incubate it into reality, and finally speak it into existence through the creative power of the spoken word.[4] If a positive confession of faith releases good things, a negative confession can actually backfire. Capps says the tongue can kill you, or it can release the life of God within you. This is so because, Faith is a seed . . . you plant it by speaking it. There is power in the evil fourth dimension says Cho. Hagin informs us that if you confess sickness you get sickness, if you confess health you get health; whatever you say you get. The spoken word releases power power for good or power for evil is the commonly held view of the movement. It is easy to see why the title positive confession is often applied to this group. As you might guess, the teachings of the Word of Faith movement are very at tractive to some. If we can produce whatever our hearts desire by simply demanding what we want by faith, if we can manipulate the

universe and perhaps even God, then we have our own personal genie just waiting to fulfill our wishes. The similarities between Word of Faith teachings and The Secret are unmistakable. The New Look: Joel Osteen Many Christians can discern the obvious error of New Age teachings behind The Secret and similar books such as Eckhart Tolles The New Earth (another Oprah favorite), as well as the over-the-top proclamations of many within the prosperity gospel movement. However when similar teachings are repackaged, reworded and presented in a winsome fashion, a larger number will fall prey. Enter Joel Osteen and his brand of the prosperity gospel-lite. As we will see, Osteen teaches essentially the same theology as his Word of Faith mentors, but he gives it an updated twist. Joel Osteen has become a household name due to his incredible success. He pastors the largest church in America , Lakewood Church in Houston, Texas, which in 2008 boasted average weekend atten dance of 43,500, almost double that of its nearest competitor.[5] Osteen took the helm of Lakewood Church in 1999 upon the death of his father, John. John Osteen was openly a prosperity gospel preacher who founded Lakewood in 1959 and had built it into a 6000 member church before his son replaced him. Joel, who until that point had given leadership to the television ministry of Lakewood and had preached only once before, was thrust into the pulpit and immediately the church began to explode. Today Lakewood services are broadcast in over 100 countries, Joel has written two multi-million seller books, and he, along with his wife, mother, and numerous musicians from Lakewood, travel throughout the world offering an event they call A Night of Hope. While most churches struggle to find and keep members, people are willing to purchase $15 tickets to attend A Night of Hope and the auditoriums are usually packed. Osteen has no theological training and it is obvious from his books, sermons and interviews on television that he has little knowledge of the Scripture. Nevertheless, he has caught an unprecedented wave of popularity and could clearly claim the title as the most admired pastor in America . This popularity of course is due largely to his message. Eschewing anything controversial or negative (such as hell or judgment or even sin), Osteen proclaims a message of pure positivism. The title of his first book, Your Best Life Now, summarizes what Osteen has to offer his many audiences. If we will follow certain principles or steps (seven to be exact), so the storyline goes, our existence will be happy, healthy, and blessed with everything that would make this life wonderful. This is a message that appeals to the flesh of unbelievers and worldly- minded Christians and would account for the superstar status that Osteen now has. Of course this is a harsh accusation. I am charging Joel Osteen with being a false teacher: a man who has twisted the gospel to entice the fallen nature of people, who has turned God into a genie, and who has distorted Scripture to present a warm and fuzzy yet warped form of Christianity. In order to see if I am correct or just being mean-spirited, we need to turn to Osteens actual words as found in Your Best Life Now. What the reader will find in this best selling book is a mixture of common sense, helpful practical advice, and a multitude of success stories interlaced with a heavy dose of deceitful teaching. Lets begin with the gospel. It is not so much that Osteen presents a false gospel (which he seems to do in Your Best Life Now) but rather, no gospel at all. In a 300 page book which will be read by millions of unbelievers, the closest Osteen ever comes to the gospel is, Work out your own salvation. Salvation is more than a onetime prayer. It is constantly working with God, dealing with the issues He brings up and keeping a good attitude, fighting through until you win the victory.[6] What Osteen believes concerning the gospel is uncertain, but what is undeniable is that the emphasis of his ministry is maintaining a positive outlook on life rather than a right relationship with God. Except for this one sentence, the entirety of the book is taken up with seven steps to living at your full potential as stated in the subtitle. This theme resonates with the thinking of those whose lives and minds are in conformity with this world system rather than being transformed by the renewing of our minds (Rom 12:2). It really should not surprise us that men like Osteen have caught the publics eye since they are merely telling it what it wants to hear (2 Tim 4:3) which is: we need to make the best of this life, enjoy every minute we can, because this is the best it is ever going to be. This philosophy is the worlds, not Gods who co nsistently calls us to live for higher values than this world and self (1 John 2:15-17). As Paul wrote to the church at Colossae, Set your mind on things above, not on the things that are on the earth ( Col 3:2). Paul did not mean by this, as conservative Christians are often accused, that we are to ignore life on this planet and go hide somewhere until the Lord returns. It means that we live for a higher purpose than personal pleasure and success for you have died and your life is hidden with Christ in God ( Col 3:3). Osteen makes no attempt to draw his readers to this higher purpose, to a life lived for God. Instead God is to be manipulated for our own pleasure. I think Osteen would

appreciate Eliphazs advice to Job (later condemned by God), Yield now and be at peace with Him; th ereby good will come to you (Job 22:21). Lets take some looks at specifics: The Offer Osteens attraction is found in what he is offering which is nothing less than a life of good h ealth, abundance, wealth, prosperity and success, If you develop an image of victory, success, health, abundance, joy, peace, and happiness, nothing on earth will be able to hold those things from you (p. 5). [7] Since these are the things most people treasure and, since Jesus informed us that where your treasure is, there your heart will be also ( Matt 6:21), it is predictable that the seductive promise of a map leading to these treasures would find many adherents. And it certainly does. But what specifically is being offered? Health If we follow the teachings of Osteen we can expect good health. His mother for example was diagnosed with terminal cancer twenty years ago, but because she confessed good health she is cancer free today (pp. 126-127). As a matter of fact, one of the highlights of the A Night of Hope events is the testimony by Osteens mother concerning her physical healing implying of course, that those in the audience can also be healed if they will but do what Joel suggests. Abundance Osteen, without qualification, declares that all of us are destined for greatness of every kind: You were born to win; you were born for greatness, you were created to be a champion in life (p. 35), and abundance, He wants you to live in abundance. He wants to give you the desires of your heartGod is turning things around in your favor (p. 78). As a matter of fact, apparently irrespective of our relationship with God, Before we were ever formed, He programmed us to live abundant lives, to be happy, healthy, and whole. But when our thinking becomes contaminated it is no longer in line with Gods Word (p. 114). Two things should be noted at this juncture. First, the Scriptures teach no such thing. While eternal life with the Lord is the ultimate destiny of the redeemed, judgment and then the lake of fire is the ultimate destiny of the lost (2 Thess 1:9; Rev 20:14-15). In the meanwhile, in this life the rain falls on the just and the unjust, and Christians may suffer as many trials as unbelievers, perhaps more (Rom 5:3-5; James 1:2-4; 2 Cor 4:8-12, 11:23-29; Heb 11:35-40). It is true that Psalm 37:4 promises, Delight yourself in the Lord; and He will give you the desires of your heart, but upon a little reflection it will be seen that one who delights himself in the Lord desires God, not mere material blessings, good parking spots, success in business and a nice wardrobe. Osteens program trivializes the abundant life Jesus came to give His followers (John 10:10). Secondly, when the prosperity teachers use the phrase Gods Word, the reader must carefully discern what is meant. Often, as in this case, Gods Word is not a reference to the Bible but to words spoken, supposedly by God, extrabiblically through the Word of Faith adherents. Osteen then is not accusing people of being out of step with the Scriptures, but being out of step with the teachings of men such as himself. This is nothing less than a claim that God has revealed His Word apart from Scripture and through prosperity leaders. Wealth God wants to increase you financially, by giving you promotions, fresh ideas and creativity (p. 5), or so Osteen promises. How does he know this since in biblical times promotions were not common practice, fresh ideas and creativity did not carry the value they do today and wealth was not necessarily seen as a sign of Gods pleasure? Someone might counter that David and Solomon were wealthy, but this was not the case for Jeremiah and Habakkuk, both godly men who lost everything. Job flourished for a time, lost it all, and then gained it back. Did one of Jobs comforters clue him in on prosperity philosophy? Was that the turning point? Hardly. It was when Job repented of his arrogance that God restored his former affluence, and God was under no obligation to do that. The scriptural principle is that the Lord is sovereignly at work in our lives. He can choose to bless us with riches, or He can choose to bless us by taking our riches away. So where does Osteen come up with the idea that God wants to increase us financially? His basis is in his very limited and selective experience. He tells us, for example, that when his father was willing to go beyond the barriers of the past [by applying the principles found in this book], he broke that curse of poverty in our family. Now, my siblings and I, and our children, grandchildren, even great-grandchildren, are all going to experience more of the goodness of God because of what one man did (p. 25). Of course, millions of examples throughout the world and throughout history could be given of godly people living in poverty, and the children of the wealthy wasting their inheritance and privileges, but Osteen seems to conveniently ignore such examples. Instead he is

convinced God wants to give you your own house (p. 35). The U.S. government and the banking system seemed to agree with Osteen until the recent economic crash. Now theyre taking away many of those houses. But this does not deter Osteen; he is persuaded that we will prosper. Prosperity Prosperity is more than health and wealth; it includes all the good things life can give. Apparently God is working extra hard to make life easy for us. Osteen promises, Its going to happen Suddenly, your situation will change for the betterHe will bring your dreams to pass (pp. 196-198). Such statements leave no room for the cancer patient who does not get better, the factory worker who is laid off and never again finds a comparable job, the athlete who has a career-ending injury, or all those losers at the American Idol auditions (we can be thankful for this one at least). Such people would have reason to question Osteens pronouncement that, God didnt make you to be average. God created you to excel (p. 82). Just two minutes of reflection would unveil the fallacy of this statement. By definition everyone cannot be above average somebody has to be in the middle of the pack, and someone has to bring up the rear. This kind of idea sounds like the familiar grade inflation going on in many of our schools and universities today. If ninety percent of students all make an A average (which is not uncommon anymore) that does not mean that they are smarter than past students, it just means that the evaluation system has been changed so that more students (and potential employers) think they are successful. In addition, did not Paul tell us that of the ones God calls there are not many wise, not many mighty, not many noble; but God has chosen the foolish things of the world to shame the wise (1 Cor 1:27)? Our Lord seems to have standards and values that are out of alignment with Osteens. Still Osteen insists, You will often receive preferential treatment simply because your Father is the King of kings, and His glory and honor spill over onto you (p. 40). Osteen prays, Father, I thank you that I have Your favor (p. 41). By Gods favor Osteen has in mind such earth shaking issues as finding the perfect parking spot in a crowded lot (pp. 41-42). Why a perfectly healthy middle-aged man would pray for the premier parking spot, knowing of course that someone with greater physical needs will be denied such a spot, is never explained. Osteen admits God sometimes refuses to answer his parking prayer, but this doesnt mean that I am going to quit believing in the favor of God (p. 43). Osteen cant lose. If he finds the best spot in the lot he has Gods favor; if he circles for 15 minutes and fails in this all-important task, it is not going to derail his theology. Success God wants you to go further than your parents (p. 8). This statement is made without a speck of biblical evidence. On the contrary it was a rarity in Scripture to find a child who exceeded a godly or successful parent. Further, the same is often true in our own experience some children go further than their parents, others do not. Osteen is making an unsupportable statement. But not to be deterred we are told, God wants you to live an overcoming life of victory. He doesnt want you to barely get by. Hes called El Shaddai, the God of more than enough (p. 33, emphasis his). On the contrary: El Shaddai is a title used for our Lord in the Old Testament which is often translated God Almighty. It speaks of the all sufficiency of God, and is a special title of reverence. Osteen has invented his own meaning and in the process turned God into our personal sugar daddy, ready to hand out the goodies to any who think they have discovered the secret to His heart. Good self-image God wants us to have healthy, positive self-images, to see ourselves as priceless treasures. He wants us to feel good about ourselves God sees you as a champion He regards you as a strong, courageous, successful, overcoming person (p. 57-58). Really? From what source does Osteen draw his view of self-image? Certainly not Scripture which never mentions such a thing. Rather than chase after good self-images Paul warns us not to think more highly of ourselves than we ought to think; but to think so as to have sound judgment ( Rom 12:3). But instead of taking seriously the instruction of Scripture, Osteen is happy to chase after the fads found in poppsychology. He goes on, When you are tempted to get discouraged, remind yourself that according to Gods Word, your future is getting brighter; you are on your way to a new level of glory (p. 67). Eternally this is a true statement for the child of God, but to promise such will be the case in this life is pure deception. And since Osteen makes no distinction between the redeemed and the unregenerate in his book, he is offering a false and damning hope to most of his audience, those who do not know Christ as their Savior. The Belief System Upon what does Osteen base his belief system? It is certainly not Scripture for the Bible never teaches anything remotely similar to this prosperity brand of Christianity. That is not to say that Your Best Life Now is totally devoid

of biblical references, but the few that are attempted are almost all hopelessly out of context or twisted beyond recognition (see pp. 10,14,18, 30-31, 33, 61, 76, 79-83, 87-89, 104, 115, 129-130, 134,164). Osteen gives notice early and often that his views are not drawn fundamentally from Scripture but from his experiences and those of others. Still, in the introduction Osteen writes, Within these pages, you will find seven simple, yet profound, steps to improve your life, regardless of your current level of success or lack of it. I know these steps work, because they have worked in the lives of my family members, friends, and associates, as well as in my own life (p. viii). Osteen supports his thesis through the use of numerous success stories of one type or another. Some of his stories are impossible and/or at best incapable of being documented and therefore raise a red flag concerning his integrity (pp. 12, 23, 73, 122, 161, 167, 201-202, 229, 280-281, 292). Others are highly selective examples of happy endings (see pp. 4, 7-8, 27, 111-112, 125, 127, 199-200, 246). As a result of such stories Osteen can promise that, if his theories are embraced, suddenly, things will change, suddenly, that business will take off. Suddenly, your husband will desire a relationship with God. Suddenly, that wayward child will come home. Suddenly, God will bring your hopes and dreams to pass (p. 199). Or maybe not! Inexplicably (given his belief system and insistence that God will bring prosperity to our lives if we follow the formula) Osteen must admit that all things do not end in success. Both his sister and father experienced the failure of divorce (pp. 151, 176), some people are not healed (pp. 181-182), things dont always work out the way we desire (pp. 207-209), his father suffered kidney failure and was on dialysis for years (p. 247) and died of a heart attack (p. 248). While Osteen declares God does not send problems he admits that sometimes He allows us to go through them (p. 205). But the fact is that even in Osteens story-theology world the people of God suffer the same ups and downs, successes and failures, health and sickness and so forth as the unbeliever. One has only to glance through the Psalms to realize that this is not our best life now. We live in a corrupt world and until the Lord returns our sin-tainted universe will often disappoint and grieve us. Stories of success (and failure) can be lined up from here to eternity, but such stories are not the basis of truth, or of life; the Word of God is. The Methods Drawing, however, from many selective stories, and ignoring what God has to say, Osteen presents a methodology that he promises will produce a life of abundance, success, health and affluence. This system is not unique to Osteen, having come almost verbatim from the prosperity teachers mentioned above, but he has taken this false teaching to a new audience. Lets examine how the program works. There are three basic steps to your best life now. Visualization The initial step in Osteens program is visualization: The first step to living at your full potential is to enlarge your vision. To live your best life now, you must start looking at life through eyes of faith, seeing yourself rising to new levels. See your business taking off. See your marriage restored. See your family prospering. See your dreams coming to pass. You must conceive it and believe it is possible if you ever hope to experience it (p. 4, emphasis his). The reason why visualization is necessary is because it has the power to bring about what you envision. You will produce what youre continually seeing in your mind If you develop an image of victory, success, health, abundance, joy, peace, and happiness, nothing on earth will be able to hold those things from you Start anticipating promotions and supernatural increase. You must conceive it in your heart and mind before you can receive it You must make room for increase in your own thinking, and then God will bring those things to pass (pp. 5-6). Apparently even God is at the mercy of that which we visualize; after all, Thoughts *not God+ determine destiny (p. 101). If you dont think your body can be healed, it never will be When you think positive, excellent thoughts, you will be propelled toward greatness, inevitably bound for increase, promotion, and Gods supernatural blessings (p. 104). Faith It is not enough to think about and visualize what we want, we must also express faith. God works by faith. You must believe first, and then youll receive (p. 33). We receive what we believe. Unfortunately, this principle works as strongly in the negative as it does in the positive (p. 72). Understand this: God will help you, but you cast the deciding vote *we must+ get into agreement with God (p. 74). Its our faith that activates the power of God (p. 306). It is vital that we visualize what we want and to expect (express faith) because our faith attracts what we visualize. While Osteen never calls this the law of attraction" notice its similarity to the same concept as taught

by New Age teachers such as Eckhart Tolle, Rhonda Byrne and others. Your life will follow your expectations. What you expect is what you will get (p. 13). Our thoughts contain tremendous power. Remember, we draw into our lives that which we constantly think about. If were always dwelling on the negative, we will attract negative people, experiences, and attitudes. If were always dwelling on our fears, we will draw in more fear. You are setting the direction of your life with your thoughts (p. 109). Words Still, it is not enough to think good thoughts and express faith in them; it is necessary to speak your desires out loud. This is why the prosperity gospel is often called the Word of Faith movement for power lies in the spoken word. Follow Osteens thinking. Our words have tremendous power, and whether we want to or not, we will give life to what were saying, either good or bad Words are similar to seeds, by speaking them aloud, they are planted in our subconscious minds, and they take on a life of their own (p. 122). Osteen suggests, Get up each morning and look in the mirror and say, I am valuable. I am loved. God has a great plan for my life. I have favor wherever I go. Gods blessings are chasing me down and overtaking me. Everything I touch prospers and succeeds. Im excited about my future! Start speaking those kinds of words, and before long, you will rise to a new level of well-being, success, and victory. There truly is power in your words (p. 123). But there is more. We must also speak to our problems, Whatever your mountain is, you must do more than think about it, more than pray about it; you must speak to that obstacle Start calling yourself healed, happy, whole, blessed, and prosperous. Stop talking to God about how big your mountains are, and start talking to your mountains about how big your God is (p. 124). Osteen can confidently promise us, Friend, there is a miracle in your mouth (p. 125). How so? The moment you speak something out, you give birth to it. This is a spiritual principle, and it works whether what you are saying is good or bad, positive or negative (p. 129). Therefore, You must start boldly confessing Gods Word, using your words to move forward in life, to bring to life the great things God has in store for you (p. 130). And it is totally up to us to pull this kind of life off. God has already done everything Hes going to do. The ball is now in your court. If you want success, if you want wisdom, if you want to be prosperous and healthy, youre going to have to do more than meditate and believe; you must boldly declare words of faith and victory over yourself and your family (p. 132). Osteen is presenting a pure self-help program and baptizing it in the name of God. Those who fail to reach these promised benefits have only themselves to blame, since they apparently did not follow Osteens formula. Conclusion Whenever the supposed things of God and people of God become popular with the inhabitants of this fallen world we would be wise to walk softly and be extra discerning. The Jews persecuted and/or killed almost every one of their prophets (Acts 7:52); the apostles were despised by the world and Jesus was murdered by those He came to save. Jesus pronounced a blessing on those who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness (Matt 5:11) and warned, If they persecuted Me, they will also persecute you ( John 15:20). Why? Because the message of the Cross is foolishness to those who are perishing (1 Cor 1:18). Therefore when we find a Christian message or ministry or man or woman being praised by unbelievers we can be assured that either unregenerate humanity has not yet caught on to what is being said, or that what they are saying is in line with what the unbeliever already believes. As we have demonstrated Osteens message is exactly what unbelievers and undiscerning Christians want to believe and they are thrilled to have someone who claims to be a reliable spokesperson for God agree with them. This would account for Osteens incredible success, but it does not account for, or excuse, the inconceivable gullibility and immaturity of professing Christians.

[1] Taken from The Secret DVD. [2] Hank Hanegraaff, Christianity in Crisis (Eugene, Oregon: Harvest House Publishers, 1993), p. 74, 75. [3] Ibid., p. 80. [4] Ibid., pp. 83, 84. [5] http://churchrelevance.com/top-100-largest-churches-in-america-of-2008/. It is worthy of note that according to this source, attendance has dropped by 3,500 people from the previous year; a virtual megachurch in its own right. [6] Joel Osteen, Your Best Life Now ( New York: Faith Word, 2004), p. 212.

[7] Quotes and page numbers throughout the rest of this book are taken from Osteen, Your Best Life Now. <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ust over one hundred years ago, the renowned pastor and statesman Charles H. Spurgeon spoke these words to the then-largest congregation in all Christendom: I believe that it is anti-Christian and unholy for any Christian to live with the object of accumulating wealth. You will say, Are we not to strive all we can to get all the money we can? You may do so. I cannot doubt but what, in so doing, you may do service to the cause of God. But what I said was 1 that to live with the object of accumulating wealth is anti-Christian. Over the years, however, the message being preached in some of the largest churches in the world has 2 changed. Due, in part, to the rise of several ungodly philosophies and movements, a new gospel is being taught today. This gospel has been ascribed many names, such as the name it and claim it gospel, the blab it and grab it gospel, the health and wealth gospel, the word of faith movement, the gospel of success, the prosperity 3 gospel, and positive confession theology. No matter what name is used, though, the teaching is the same. Simply put, this egocentric gospel teaches that God wants believers to be materially wealthy. Listen to the words of Robert Tilton, one of the prosperity gospels most well-known spokesmen: I believe that it is the will of God for all to prosper because I see it in the Word [of God], not because it has worked mightily for someone else. I do not put my eyes on men, but on 4 God who gives me the power to get wealth. Teachers of the prosperity gospel encourage their followers to pray, and even demand, of God everything from modes of transportation (cars, vans, trucks, even two -seat planes), [to] homes, furniture, and 5 large bank accounts. By closely examining the faulty theology and errant biblical interpretation of the teachers of this movement, this study will prove that the prosperity gospel teachings regarding the acquisition and accumulation of wealth are ethically incorrect. The Theology of the Prosperity Gospel Theology is important, wrote scholar Millard J. Erickson, because correct doctrinal beliefs are essential 6 to the relationship between the believer and God. A corollary to this statement is that an incorrect theology will lead to incorrect beliefs about God, His Word, and His dealings with men. The thesis of this paper is that the prosperity gospel is constructed upon a faulty theology. Consequently, many of its doctrines, including the teachings concerning wealth, are erroneous. While it is beyond the scope of this study to examine in detail all of the specific doctrines of prosperity theology, there are four crucial areas of error relating to their teachings on wealth that may be isolated and examined. These areas are the Abrahamic covenant, the Atonement, giving, and faith. Prosperity Theology and the Abrahamic Covenant The theological basis of the prosperity gospel is the Abrahamic covenant. While this is good in that prosperity theologians recognize that much of Scripture is the record of the fulfillment of the Abrahamic covenant, it is bad in that they do not maintain an orthodox view of this covenant. Prosperity theologians hold an incorrect view of the inception of the Abrahamic covenant; what is more germane to the present study, however, they hold 8 to an erroneous view concerning the application of the covenant. Researcher Edward Pousson best stated the prosperity view on the application of the Abrahamic covenant when he wrote, Christians are Abrahams spiritual children and heirs to the blessings of faith.... This 9 Abrahamic inheritance is unpacked primarily in terms of material entitlements. In other words, according to the prosperity gospel, the primary purpose of the Abrahamic covenant was for God to bless Abraham materially. Since believers are now Abrahams spiritual children, they consequently have inherited these financial blessings of the covenant.
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Prosperity teacher Kenneth Copeland wrote, Since Gods Covenant has been established and prosperity 10 is a provision of this covenant, you need to realize that prosperity belongs to you now! Referring to the prosperity theology of Kenneth Hagin, author Harvey Cox wrote, Through the crucifixion of Christ, Christians have 11 inherited all the promises made to Abraham, and these include both spiritual and material well-being. To support this claim, prosperity teachers such as Copeland and Hagin appeal to Gal. 3:14, which says that the 12 blessings of Abraham might come upon the Gentiles in Christ Jesus. . . . While it is not an understatement to say that the problems with this argument are legion, two glaring problems need to be addressed. First, in their appeal to Gal. 3:14, prosperity teachers ignore the second half of the verse, which reads, That we might receive the 13 promise of the Spirit through faith. In this verse Paul clearly was reminding the Galatians of the spiritual blessing of salvation, not the material blessing of wealth. Second, prosperity teachers claim that the conduit through which believers receive Abrahams blessings is faith. This completely ignores the orthodox understanding that the Abrahamic covenant was an unconditional 14 covenant. That is, the blessings of the Abrahamic covenant were not contingent upon one mans obedience. Therefore, even if the Abrahamic covenant did apply to Christians, all believers would already be experiencing the material blessings regardless of prosperity theology. Prosperity Theology and the Atonement A second cracked pillar upon which prosperity theology stands is that of a faulty view of the Atonement. Theologian Ken Sarles wrote that the prosperity gospel claims that both physical healing and financial prosperity 15 have been provided for in the Atonement. This seems to be an accurate observation in light of teacher Kenneth Copelands comment that the basic principle of the Christian life is to know that God put our sin, sickness, 16 disease, sorrow, grief, and poverty on Jesus at Calvary. This misunderstanding of the Atonement stems from two errors that proponents of the prosperity gospel make. First, many who hold to prosperity theology have a fundamental misconception of the life of Christ. For 17 example, teacher John Avanzini proclaimed that Jesus had a nice house, a big house, Jesus was handling big 18 19 money, and He even wore designer clothes. It is easy to see how such a warped view of the life of Christ could lead to an equally warped misconception of the death of Christ. A second error of prosperity theology, which also leads to a faulty view of the Atonement, is the misinterpretation of 2 Cor. 8:9. Without exception, this is the verse to which prosperity teachers appeal in order to support their view of the Atonement. The verse reads, For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that 20 though He was rich, yet for your sakes He became poor, that you through His poverty might become rich. This problem with this interpretation is, of course, that in this verse Paul was in no way teaching that Christ died on the cross for the purpose of increasing anyones net worth materially. In fact, Paul was actually teaching the exact opposite principle. Contextually, it is clear that Paul was teaching the Corinthians that since Christ accomplished so much for them through the Atonement, then how much more ought they empty themselves of their riches in service of the Savior. This is why just five short verses later Paul would urge the Corinthians to give their wealth away to their 21 needy brothers, writing that now at this time your abundance may supply their lack. Commentator Philip E. Hughes wrote of 2 Cor. 8:9, The logic implicit in the statement of this great truth is too obvious for anyone to miss 22 it. Apparently, however, the champions of the prosperity gospel have indeed missed it. Prosperity Theology and Giving One of the most striking characteristics of the prosperity theologians is their seeming fixation with the act of giving. Students of the prosperity gospel are urged to give generously and are confronted with such pious statements as, True prosperity is the ability to use Gods power to meet the needs of mankind in any realm of 23 24 life, and, We have been called to finance the gospel to the world. While at face value these statements do indeed appear to be praiseworthy, a closer examination of the theology behind them reveals that the prosperity gospels emphasis on giving is built on anything but philanthropic motives. The driving force behind this emphasis 25 on giving is what teacher Robert Tilton referred to as the Law of Compensation. According to this law, which is

supposedly based on Mark 10:30, Christians need to give generously to others because when they do, God gives back more in return. This, in turn, leads to a cycle of ever-increasing prosperity. As Gloria Copeland put it, Give $10 and receive $1,000; give $1,000 and receive $100,000;... in 27 short, Mark 10:30 is a very good deal. It is evident, then, that the prosperity gospels doctrine of giving is built 28 upon faulty motives. Whereas Jesus taught His disciples to give, hoping for nothing in return, prosperity theologians teach their disciples to give because they will get a great return. One cannot help but agree with author Edward Poussons observation that the stewardship of the prosperity message is in captivity to the 29 American dream. Prosperity Theology and Faith A final area of prosperity theology that merits investigation is that of the doctrine of faith. Whereas orthodox Christianity understands faith to be trust in the person of Jesus Christ, the truth of His teaching, and the 30 redemptive work He accomplished at Calvary, prosperity teachers espouse quite a different doctrine. In his book, The Laws of Prosperity, Kenneth Copeland wrote that faith is a spiritual force, a spiritual energy, a spiritual power. It is this force of faith which makes the laws of the spirit world function. . . . There are certain laws 31 governing prosperity revealed in Gods Word. Faith causes them to function. This is obviously a faulty, if not heretical, understanding of faith. Later in the same book Copeland wrote that if you make up your mind . . . that you are willing to live in divine prosperity and abundance, . . . divine prosperity will come to pass in your life. You 32 have exercised your faith. According to prosperity theology, faith is not a theocentric act of the will, or simply trust in God; rather it is an anthropocentric spiritual force, directed at God. Indeed, any theology that views faith solely as a means to material gain rather than the acceptance of heavenly justification must be judged as faulty and inadequate. The Biblical Interpretation of the Prosperity Gospel As has already been demonstrated in this paper, the hermeneutics of the prosperity movement leaves much to be desired. Author Ken Sarles wrote of the prosperity teachers that their method of interpreting the biblical text is highly subjective and arbitrary. Bible verses are quoted in abundance without attention to grammatical indicators, semantic nuances, or literary and historical context. The result is a set of ideas and 33 principles based on distortion of textual meaning. Indeed, a survey of the volumes of literature produced by the prosperity teachers yields numerous examples of such misinterpretations. As was the case in the theological study of this movement, an analysis of all such examples of misinterpreted texts would fall beyond the scope of this study. However, it is possible to choose one verse as an example and to examine both the prosperity gospel and orthodox interpretations of the text. 34 A suitable verse for this study is 3 John 2. In this verse, the Apostle John wrote, Beloved, I pray that you 35 may prosper in all things and be in health, just as your soul prospers. This verse is interpreted by prosperity teachers to mean that God wants all believers to prosper in all things. Furthermore, their interpretation of this verse makes clear their claim that material prosperity is inseparably linked to spiritual growth. Oral Roberts, regarded by many to be the father of the prosperity gospel movement, claimed at the beginning of his ministry, during a time of search for direction, that God miraculously led him to 3 John 2, which he understood as a 36 revelation of the prosperity gospel. Another faith teacher who has built his ministry around this faulty interpretation of 3 John 2 is Kenneth 37 Copeland. Author Kenneth Kantzer noted that Copeland misinterprets this *verse+ as a universal promise, and writer Bruce Barron remarked that the Copelands use these words so often that they appear to be the key verse 38 of their ministry. A careful study of 3 John 2, however, reveals that this verse is not a carte blanche approval of prosperity gospel teachings. Those who use 3 John 2 to support the prosperity gospel are committing two crucial errors, the first contextual and the second grammatical. First, con-textually, one is wise to note that Johns purpose in writing 3 John 2 was not to teach doctrine; it was simply to open his letter with a greeting. This is not to say that doctrine cannot be derived from a nondoctrinal passage, for all Scripture is profitable for doctrine, but it is to say that one must be sensitive to the original authors intent. Therefore, the claim that 3 John 2 teaches the doctrine of

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prosperity ought to be regarded as suspect at best. Second, one is wise to note the meaning of the word prosperity as it occurs in this verse. The term translated prosperity is a form of the Greek word eujodovw. This word, which is used only four times in Scripture, does not mean to prosper in the sense of gaining material possessions, but rather means to grant a prosperous expedition and expeditious journey, or to lead by a direct 39 and easy way. The wording of modern translations such as the New International Version even reflect this 40 nuance of the word. Therefore it is evident that teachers who understand 3 John 2 to teach prosperity theology are misinterpreting the text. Conclusion Through this study of the theology and the biblical interpretation of the prosperity gospel, one may discern five clear reasons why this movements teachings concerning wealth are incorrect: 1. The prosperity gospel is built upon a faulty understanding of the Abrahamic covenant. 2. The prosperity gospel is built upon a faulty understanding of the Atonement. 3. The prosperity gospel is based upon a faulty understanding of the biblical tachings on giving. 4. The prosperity gospel is based upon a faulty understanding of the biblical teachings on faith. 5. The prosperity gospel, in general, has been constructed upon faulty biblical interpretation. Aside from these five specific theological and biblical arguments against the prosperity gospel, and 41 without even considering the practical implications of this movement, there is perhaps one general, summary reason why the prosperity gospel is a wayward gospel: its faulty view of the relationship between God and man. Simply put, if the prosperity gospel is correct, grace becomes obsolete, God becomes irrelevant, and man is the measure of all things. Whether it is the Abrahamic covenant, the Atonement, giving, faith, or the biblical interpretation of any given verse, the prosperity teacher seeks to turn the relationship between God and man into a financial quid pro quo transaction. As scholar James R. Goff noted, God is reduced to a kind of cosmic bellhop 42 attending to the needs and desires of his creation. This is a wholly inadequate and unbiblical view of the relationship between God and man and the stewardship of wealth. Note: This article was originally published in Faith and Mission Vol 16, p. 79ff. Published with permission.

Tom Carted, ed., 2,200 Quotations from the Writings of Charles H. Spurgeon (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1988), 216. 2 While it is impossible to trace the prosperity gospel back to an exact starting point, there are at least three movements from which it draws its ideas. One is the experience-centered Christianity which was birthed in the mind of nineteenth-century theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher and has come to fruition in the form of the twentieth-century Charismatic movement. A second philosophy that gave rise to the prosperity gospel was the positive thinking school of Norman Vincent Peale. Indeed, scholar Harvey Cox wrote concerning the prosperity gospel that it owed much to the positive thinking of the late Norman Vincent Peale. Harvey Cox, Fire from Heaven (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1995), 272. The third modern movement that has influenced the prosperity gospel is simply the American dream, or materialism. 3 For the purpose of this paper, the phrase prosperity gospel will be used. 4 Robert Tilton, Gods Word about Prosperity (Dallas, TX: Word of Faith Publications, 1983), 6. 5 David Pilgrim, Egoism or Altruism: A Social Psychological Critique of the Prosperity Gospel of Televangelist Robert Tilton, Journal of Religious Studies, 18.1-2 (1992): 3. 6 Millard J. Erickson, Christian Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1985), 28. 7 This important covenant is mentioned numerous times in the writings of the prosperity teachers, i.e., Gloria Copeland, Gods Willis Prosperity (Fort Worth, TX: Kenneth Copeland Publications, 1973), 4-6; Kenneth Copeland, The Laws of Prosperity (Fort Worth, TX: Kenneth Copeland Publications, 1974), 51; idem, Our Covenant with God (Fort Worth, TX: Kenneth Copeland Publications, 1987), 10; Edward Pousson, Spreading the Flame(Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1992), 158; and Kenneth Copeland, The Troublemaker (Fort Worth, TX: Kenneth Copeland Publications, n.d.), 6.

Prosperity teacher Kenneth Copeland articulated his movements view of the inception of the Abrahamic covenant best when he wrote that after Adams fall in the Garden, God needed an avenue back into the earth;... since man was the key figure in the Fall, man had to be the key figure in the redemption, so God approached a man named Abram. He reenacted with Abram what Satan had done with Adam. . . . God offered Abram a proposition and Abram bought it. Kenneth Copeland, Our Covenant with God, 10. 9 Pousson, 158. 10 Kenneth Copeland, The Laws of Prosperity, 51. 11 Cox, 271. 12 Gal. 3:14a (NKJV). 13 Gal. 3:14b (NKJV). 14 That the Abrahamic covenant is an unconditional covenant can be demonstrated by four facts. First, the covenant ceremony in Genesis 15 was unilateral. In fact, Abraham was asleep. Second, no conditions are stated in the covenant. Third, in the restatement of the covenant in Gen. 17:7,13, and 19, the covenant is called everlasting. Finally, the covenant was confirmed despite Abrahams continued disobedience and lack of faith. 15 Ken L. Sarles, A Theological Evaluation of the Prosperity Gospel, Bibliotheca Sacra 143 (Oct.-Dec. 1986): 339. 16 Kenneth Copeland, The Troublemaker, 6. 17 John Avanzini, Believers Voice of Victory, program on TBN, 20 January 1991. Quoted in Hank Hanegraaff, Christianity in Crisis (Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 1993), 381. 18 Idem, Praise the Lord, program on TBN, 15 September 1988. Quoted in Hanegraaff, 381. 19 Avanzini, Believers Voice of Victory. 20 2 Cor. 8:9 (NKJV). 21 2 Cor. 8:14 (NKJV). 22 Philip E. Hughes, The Second Epistle to the Corinthians, New International Commentary on the New Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Publishers, 1962), 300. 23 Kenneth Copeland, The Laws of Prosperity, 26. 24 Gloria Copeland, Gods Will Is Prosperity, 45. 25 Theologian Ken Sarles rightly noted that the Law of Compensation *is+ the bedrock of the prosperity movement. Sarles, 349. 26 In Mark 10:29-30, Jesus stated, Assuredly, I say to you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sister or father or mother or wife or children or lands, for My sake and the gospels who shall not receive a hundredfold now in this timehouses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and lands, with persecutionsand in the age to come, eternal life (NKJV). Other verses that the Law of Compensation is based upon include Eccl. 11:1, 2 Cor. 9:6, and Gal. 6:7. 27 Gloria Copeland, 54. 28 Luke 10:35 (NKJV). 29 Pousson, 159. 30 J. D. Douglas, and Merrill C. Tenny, eds., The New International Dictionary of the Bible (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing, 1987), s.v. faith. 31 Kenneth Copeland, The Laws of Prosperity, 19. 32 Ibid.,41. 33 Sarles, 337. 34 Sarles says that this is an often quoted verse in the prosperity movement. Sarles, 338. Hanegraaff wrote that 3 John 2 was a classic example of prosperity misinterpretation. Hanegraaff, 223. Gordon Fee called 3 John 2 the basic Scripture text of the cult of prosperity. Gordon Fee, The Gospel of Prosperity, Reformation Today 82 (Nov.-Dec. 1984): 40. Bruce Barron wrote that 3 John 2 was the Old Faithful of prosperity proof texts. Bruce Barron, The Health and Wealth Gospel (Downers Grove, IL: Inter Varsity Press, 1987), 91. 35 3 John 2 (NKJV). 36 For a full account of Roberts miraculous revelation concerning 3 John 2, see Barron, 62. 37 Kenneth S. Kantzer, The Cut-Rate Grace of a Health and Wealth Gospel, Christianity Today, vol. 29, June 1985, 14. 38 Barron, 91.

Joseph Henry Thayer, The New Thayers Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1981), s.v., eiio86w. 40 Dear Friend, I pray that you may enjoy good health and that all may go well with you, even as your soul is getting along well (3 John 2, NIV). 41 There are numerous practical implications that arise from the prosperity gospel view on wealth. While it would take a lengthy treatise to explore and explain them all, three are important enough to be considered here. First, the prosperity gospel incorrectly implies that poverty is a sin. Teacher Robert Tilton even said that being poor is a sin. Robert Tilton, Success in Life, program on TBN, 27 December 1990, quoted in Hanegraaff, 186. Likewise, Kenneth Copeland wrote that poverty is under the curse of the Law. Copeland, Laws of Success, 51. Second, the prosperity gospel appeals to the poor and the sick to put more faith in the ultimate fulfillment of their desires than in the Word of God. Sarles, 343. Third, when the prosperity gospel does cause positive changes in a believers life, the prosperity teacher gets most of the credit, and when the believer does not experience prosperity, the blame is usually left upon that individual. For example, Robert Tilton offered several reasons why some believers did not experience blessings: Individuals lacked faith, refused to follow his directions, and criticized Tiltons ministry. Pilgrim, 7. 42 James R. Goff, Jr., The Faith That Claims, Christianity Today, vol. 34, February 1990,21.

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