Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 67 views

    Ansary

    Uploaded by

    dhamodharan24
    1. The document discusses the development of an earthquake catalog and attenuation relationships for Bangladesh based on historical earthquake data from 1865-2006. 2. An attempt was made to assess seismicity in Bangladesh and the surrounding region by reviewing instrumental and macroseismic data from various sources and revising magnitudes to produce a homogeneous earthquake catalog. 3. Analysis of the catalog found periods of complete reporting of earthquakes down to magnitudes 3-7 depending on the time period. Over 4,000 earthquakes with magnitudes above 3 were included in the catalog.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ansary

    Uploaded by

    dhamodharan24
    67 views40 pages
    1. The document discusses the development of an earthquake catalog and attenuation relationships for Bangladesh based on historical earthquake data from 1865-2006. 2. An attempt was made to assess seismicity in Bangladesh and the surrounding region by reviewing instrumental and macroseismic data from various sources and revising magnitudes to produce a homogeneous earthquake catalog. 3. Analysis of the catalog found periods of complete reporting of earthquakes down to magnitudes 3-7 depending on the time period. Over 4,000 earthquakes with magnitudes above 3 were included in the catalog.

    Original Description:

    2

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The document discusses the development of an earthquake catalog and attenuation relationships for Bangladesh based on historical earthquake data from 1865-2006. 2. An attempt was made to assess seismicity in Bangladesh and the surrounding region by reviewing instrumental and macroseismic data from various sources and revising magnitudes to produce a homogeneous earthquake catalog. 3. Analysis of the catalog found periods of complete reporting of earthquakes down to magnitudes 3-7 depending on the time period. Over 4,000 earthquakes with magnitudes above 3 were included in the catalog.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    67 views40 pages

    Ansary

    Uploaded by

    dhamodharan24
    1. The document discusses the development of an earthquake catalog and attenuation relationships for Bangladesh based on historical earthquake data from 1865-2006. 2. An attempt was made to assess seismicity in Bangladesh and the surrounding region by reviewing instrumental and macroseismic data from various sources and revising magnitudes to produce a homogeneous earthquake catalog. 3. Analysis of the catalog found periods of complete reporting of earthquakes down to magnitudes 3-7 depending on the time period. Over 4,000 earthquakes with magnitudes above 3 were included in the catalog.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 40

    Seismic Zonation Map of Bangladesh Mehedi Ahmed Ansary

    Member Steering Committee Bangladesh National Building Code


    & Bangladesh Earthquake Society (BES) Department of Civil Engineering BUET

    Active Faults Surrounding Bangladesh (Bolt, 1985)


    DHUBRI FAULT SYSTEM

    DAUKI FAULT SYSTEM

    TRIPURA FAULT BOGRA FAULT SYSTEM SYSTEM Dhaka SYLHET FAULT CHITTAGONG SYSTEM FAULT SYSTEM

    1979

    1993

    EARTHQUAKE HAZARD ANALYSIS

    Earthquake Catalogue
    An earthquake catalogue forms a valuable input for seismic hazard assessment and microzonation studies. Critical structures such as nuclear power plants and dams, as well as siting of any new industry, require earthquake data that are accurate, homogeneous and as complete as possible. In this study an attempt is made to assess the seismicity of Bangladesh and adjoining region (20-280 north latitude and 86-950 east longitude) during the period 1865-1995 by reviewing instrumental data as well as macroseismic information retrieved from various sources.

    1865-2003

    Existing Earthquake Catalogue

    Revision of Magnitudes
    The idea of revising and unifying existing magnitudes is carried out. The main goal is to produce a file of reliable data that reflect, as homogeneously and completely as possible, the seismicity of the region. Calculation of surface wave magnitude: Ms= log(A/T)+1.66 log+3.3 Use of correlations: Surface-wave magnitudes are estimated where possible from semi-empirical relationships between Ms and Mb. Ms = a + b*Mb. Ms = 0.63+0.774*Mb - period 1978-1995 Ms = 1.27+0.68*Mb - period 1964-1977

    Surface-wave magnitudes are also assessed by using the number of stations (NS) that reported it to the ISS or ISC. Ms = a + b* Log (NS) a =4.21, b=1.12 - period 1900-1963 a =3.21, b=0.72 - period 1964-1977 a =2.77, b=0.81 - period 1978-1995 Surface-wave magnitudes are also estimated where possible from semi-empirical relationships between Ms and Duration Magnitude Md. Ms = 0.57+1.057*Md - period 1993-1995
    6.5 M s Vs M b (1978-1995)
    s

    6.5
    M s Vs M b (1964-1977)
    s

    6.0

    6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0


    s 3.5

    5.0

    4.5

    4.0

    3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Mb 5.5 6.0 6.5

    M s (Calculated)

    5.5 M s(ISC)

    3.0

    3.5

    4.0

    4.5

    5.0
    Mb

    5.5

    6.0

    6.5

    New Earthquake Catalogue


    YR 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 MNH 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 12 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 9 11 11 12 12 DY 22 1 18 18 27 20 27 13 15 3 9 13 12 13 17 30 30 1 4 6 13 21 25 1 12 12 18 22 18 25 27 11 1 18 5 4 30 6 6 5 9 H 15 11 3 4 15 19 23 3 16 MIN 58 28 48 26 10 0 3 20 35 S 47 19 36 34 48 53 42 5 58 22 58 48 54 8 32 37 38 0 56 7 24 24 20 38 35 34 7 51 7 45 38 39 1 27 59 28 4 LON 9360 8778 9110 9430 9440 9440 8930 9020 8800 9500 8790 9400 9450 9470 9418 8830 8852 9230 9440 9450 9120 9370 8860 9446 8800 8770 9380 9450 9430 9464 8990 9233 9490 9380 9480 8830 9400 9170 9160 9450 9250 LAT 2240 2730 2750 2500 2170 2360 2720 2760 2170 2600 2150 2300 2700 2370 2432 2760 2790 2720 2600 2790 2400 2800 2790 2118 2760 2730 2500 2010 2500 2363 2730 2682 2020 2500 2120 2350 2500 2710 2720 2330 2750 DEP 88 33 30* 102 86 29 52* 36* 0 61 117 158 21 33 33 413 37 0 104 23 33* 76 36 94 33 70 57 46 65* 40 33 13 22 Ms 544 442 449 545 465 456 473 468 390 449 492 438 456 377 472 372 422 399 434 390 529 454 454 479 471 360 465 477 464 427 343 356 404 467 478 Mb Md ( ) 610 ( ) 480 ( ) 530 ( ) 640 ( ) 500 ( ) 500 ( ) 520 ( ) 520 [1] ( ) 520 ( ) 540 ( ) 480 ( ) 510 [1] ( ) 550 [1] ( ) 450* [1] () [1] ( ) 580 ( ) 520 [2] 480 ( ) 540 ( ) 520 [1] ( ) 490 ( ) 520 ( ) 520 [2] 440 [2] [2] ( ) 430 ( ) 500 ( ) 520 M 600 560 540 650 560 600 560 Ml Mw ITSC 7 NS 153 20 67 212 52 46 53 80 RMK LOCATION REFERENCES MR-ID ROT,ISC,MOS,SHL,USCGS,IS NP ISC,USCGS,ISETR BU ROT,ISC,MOS,USCGS,TS,ISE TS Mandalay.MR ROT,ISC,MOS,SHL,USCGS,IS MR-ID ROT,ISC,MOS,SHL,USCGS,IS BU ROT,ISC,MOS,USCGS,GS,IS BU ROT,ISC,MOS,USCGS,ISETR Calcutta.ID ROT,ISC,QUE,MOS,USCGS,S MR-ID ISETR ID ISC,SHL MR-ID ROT,ISC,MOS,USCGS,SHL,IS Sagaing.MR ISETR MR-ID ROT,ISC,USCGS,MOS,SHL,G MR-ID ISC,USCGS,ISETR Sikkim.BU ROT,ISC,SHL,MOS,USCGS,T Sikkim .BU ISC,ISETR ID-CH ROT,ISC,SHL,USCGS,MOS,T MR-ID NDI,ISETR E.ID ISC,USCGS,ISETR ID-BD ISC,NDI,ISETR ID-CH ISETR Sikkim ISC,NDI,ISETR MR ISC,ISETR NP ROT,ISC,PEK,QUE,USCGS,S NP ROT,ISC,PEK,USCGS,ISETR PAPER MR-CH ROT,ISC,ISETR ID-CH ROT,ISC,ISETR MR-ID ISC,PEK,USCGS,MOS,SHL BU ISC E.ID ISC,USCGS,TS,ISETR MR;MR-CH ROT,ISC,GS MR-ID;ID-CH (Arakan YoROT,ISC,GS,TS,ISETR MR ISC,USCGS,NDI,ISETR ID-BD NDI MR-ID NDI BU USCGS BU ISETR MR-ID ROT,ISC,USCGS,ISETR ID-CH ROT,ISC,PEK,USCGS,TS,ISE

    12 33 17 35 10 14 2 5 13 20 2 10 15 15 13 13 8 2 4 10 20 22 4 8 23 15 8 16 58 42 35 12 22 55 55 36 40 10 32 55 17 41 26 34 45 33 32 17 41 27 48 4

    600 600 560 600 590 650 560 590 560 600 510 600 600 480 560 560 630 680 -

    9 108 138 24 78 6 148 5 11 12 9 9 151 52 37 122 98 7 50 124 105 29 2 3 9 82 86 A -

    22 1 20 26

    Earthquakes in and around Bangladesh (1664-2006)


    31 N

    Ms>7: 17 events Ms>6: 69 events

    Ms>4: 1647 events Ms>3.5: 3055 events Ms>3: 4138 events

    100

    200

    kilometers

    84 E

    18 N 98 E

    Results from Analysis of Completeness for the New Earthquake Catalogue


    Magnitude Class 3M<4 4M<5 5M<6 6M<7 7M Period of Complete Reporting (year) 1964-2006 1964-2006 1923-2006 1927-2006 1865-2006

    Location of site

    Data period (based on completeness) Minimum Magnitude Radius of Area Earthquake catalogue Selection of suitable radius Selection of earthquakes Map of epicenters

    Magnitude frequency relationship

    Estimation of a and b parameters

    Selection of ground motion property to be analyzed (PGA) Selection of suitable attenuation law PGA frequency relationship

    Expected magnitude for different return period

    Estimation of a and b parameter

    Schematic flow of earthquake hazard analysis

    Expected PGA for different return periods

    Expected return period for a fixed PGA value

    Seismicity model: Available earthquake data Recurrence relationship log () = a + blog(y) log(y) =(-log(T)- a)/b

    [T=1/]

    Attenuation models: describes the transfer of ground motions from the source to a particular site in the form

    log(PGA) = b1 + b2 (Ms) - b3 log (r) - b4 (r)

    Selected Attenuation Law


    Assessment of seismic hazard at any particular site requires an attenuation law for the Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA)

    For Bangladesh no PGA is available due to the lack of seismic devices Attenuation law for alluvial soils: McGuire (1978) - PGA=0.0306e0.89Mr-1.17e-0.2 (in g) Duggal (1989) - PGA=227.3x100.308M(d+30)-1.201 (in cm/s2)

    SELECTION OF EARTHQUAKES AROUND A SITE


    0.0 Sylhet Chittagong Dhaka
    Mean Annual Occurrence Rate () 10

    -0.2

    b coefficient

    -0.4

    -0.6

    0.1

    -0.8

    0.01

    a=1.92 b=-1.72
    1 10 PGA (cm/s )
    2

    -1.0 50 100 150 200 250 Radius (km) 300 350 400 450

    1E-3 100 1000

    Radius Sensitivity of b-coefficient

    PGA PGA versus for Sylhet

    28
    BHUTAN NEPAL

    26

    INDIA

    Sylhet

    Study region showing the grid points

    LATITUDE

    24

    INDIA

    Dhaka

    BANGLADESH
    Chittagong

    22

    BAY OF BENGAL

    BURMA

    20 86

    88

    90

    92

    94

    LONGITUDE

    Seismic hazard of Bangladesh based on Duggals (1989) attenuation law


    T = 200 years
    (Unit: cm/s/s) 450 375 300 225 150 75

    T = 475 years
    (Unit: cm/s/s) 900 750 600 450 300 150

    22% poe, t-50 yr

    10% poe, t-50 yr

    After Noor, Yasin & Ansary (2005)


    Grid interval of 0.3 degree are used Uniform probability distributions are assigned to each source zone implying that, earthquakes are . equally likely to occur at any point within the source zone Seven area sources are assumed The sources are so divided that area of each division is limited to 1200 sq km

    After Noor, Yasin & Ansary (2005)

    22% poe, t-50 yr

    10% poe, t-50 yr

    Seismic hazard of Bangladesh based on Duggals (1989) attenuation law

    Seismic Zoning Map of Bangladesh


    Seismic Zones
    Zone 3 = 0.25g Zone 2 = 0.15g Zone 1 = 0.075g

    BNBC (1993)

    Proposed

    Development of Attenuation Law

    Magnitude-Intensity & Intensity Attenuation Data Preparation: The average radius of each isoseismal was determined from the radii measured in 16 directions at 22.50 intervals of the compass Isoseismals with no reliable data were disregarded from the regression analysis The description of the 18 earthquakes used in this study is presented in the following table

    Area under study and locations of 28 events


    30 29 28
    NEPAL
    25 11

    27
    9 15

    BHUTAN
    20 26 27 8 4 19 13 16 7 14 2

    INDIA
    21 12

    26

    LATITUDE

    25 24 23 22
    INDIA
    5

    24

    BANGLADESH
    22

    10 23

    MYANMAR
    17 18 6

    21 20 19 18 85

    BAY OF BENGAL
    28

    86

    87

    88

    89

    90

    91

    92

    93

    94

    95

    96

    97

    LONGITUDE

    Magnitude-Intensity
    Magnitude Intensity Model: Msc = A1 + A2(Ii) + A3(Ri) + A4logRi + P Bangladesh and its surrounding region, which consists of 25 events and 93 pairs (Ii, Di), is
    M sc = - 3.336 + 0.549j
    2000 1000

    -1

    (I ) + 0.000505j (R ) + 2.964j (logR ) 0.61P


    -1 -1 i i i i i i
    Surface-wave Magnitude (Ms)
    III IV V VI VII VIII IX

    9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5
    Ms=-0.542+1.075(Msc)

    Hypocentral Distance (km)

    100

    10

    1 4.5

    5.0

    5.5

    6.0

    6.5

    7.0

    7.5

    8.0

    8.5

    Predicted Magnitude (M sc)

    4.0 4.0

    4.5

    5.0

    5.5

    6.0

    6.5

    7.0

    7.5

    8.0

    8.5

    9.0

    Predicted Magnitude (Msc)

    Intensity Attenuation
    Intensity-Attenuation Model: I = B1 + B2(Ms) + B3(R) + B4logR + P The regression analysis for the whole data set, which consists of 93 (Ii, Di) pairs corresponding to 25 events, gives the following mean attenuation expression:

    I = 6.702 + 1.254(M s ) - 0.0014(R) - 3.966(logR) 0.92P


    12
    Attenuation Law Isoseismal Values

    12
    Alldata NE

    10
    )

    10

    0.0007483(

    R)

    Intensity

    Intensity

    6
    M=8

    M=6 M=5

    M=7

    4 0 150 300 450 600

    2 0 200 400 600 800

    Hypocentral Distance (km)

    Hypocentral Distance (km)

    STRONG MOTION INSTRUMENTATION

    Why is Seismic Instrumentation Important ?


    It helps us to: Estimate the probable ground motion. Locate earthquakes (epicentre, magnitude, depth) Tell how the structure behaves. Confirm how to strengthen the structure. Improve our design procedures and codes leading to reduced costs but increased safety for future structures.

    Jamuna Bridge Seismic Instrumentation Project


    BUET is the Consultant to JMBA, Ministry of Communication, GOB Total Project Cost: Tk 4 crore Instrumentation has recently been installed (May-July 2003) BUET will monitor and analyze seismic data for the next 5 years

    28

    Existing Seismic Stations In and Arround 26 Bangladesh.


    JMBA 24 DU-Colombia
    LATITUDE

    NEPAL

    BHUTAN

    INDIA

    INDIA

    BANGLADESH

    Seismic Stations 22 to be deployed

    BMD
    ISC-1995 RRLJ-1998 BURMA BAY OF BENGAL

    20 86

    88

    90

    92

    94

    LONGITUDE

    Accelerometer Sensors on Bridge Deck


    Triaxial Accelerometer
    (Acceleration in 3 dirs.)

    Uniaxial Accelerometer
    (Horizontal Transverse Acceleration)

    Seismic Data Transmission Spread Spectrum / GPS


    Transmitting from the Bridge Receiving East End, Bhuapur Data Control Centre

    Data Control Centre


    Communication Box / Computer Continuous Data Streaming

    Continuous digital data is transmitted to the Data Acquisition Computer Events exceeding threshold acceleration will be recorded on the computer

    Free Field Stations (JMBA-BUET Project)


    East Side: Bridge End, Mymensingh, Gazipur West Side: Bridge End, Bogra, Natore
    Triaxial Accelerometer Internal Recorder (PCMCIA Card) Solar Panel Charging

    Installation Team

    East Free-field (16.06.04)

    Acceleration (cm/s )

    Strong Motion Recording During June 16, 2004 Earthquake


    West Free-field (16.06.04)
    40 20 0

    20 10 0 -10 -20 20 10 0 -10 -20 20 10 0 -10 -20 0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40


    2

    NS

    EW

    UD

    NS
    10 5

    Time (s) Mymensingh Free-field (16.06.04)

    Acceleration (cm/s )

    -20 -40 40 20 0 -20 -40 0 40 20 0 -20 -40 0 10 20 30 40 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40

    NS

    EW

    Acceleration (cm/s )

    -5 -10 10 5 0 -5 -10 0 10 5 0 -5 -10 0 10 20 30 40 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40

    EW

    UD

    UD

    Time (s)

    Time (s)

    40 30

    FF-WEST
    20 10

    20

    0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -40

    Amplitude Ratio

    10 EW (cm/s )
    2

    1
    EQ 141003 191103 180304 030704

    -30

    -20

    -10

    0
    2

    10

    20

    30

    40

    NS (cm/s )

    0.1 0.1

    10

    20

    West Free-field (NS-component; 16.06.04)


    40

    Frequency (Hz)
    Acceleration
    1 EQ: 16.06.04 EW NS UD

    cm/s

    20 0 -20 -40 10 0 10 20 30

    Fourier Spectrum (cm/s)

    0.1

    40

    mm/s

    5 0 -5 -10 0.2 0.1 0 10 20 30

    Velocity

    0.01

    1E-3

    40

    1E-4

    Displacement

    mm

    0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0 10 20 30 40

    1E-5 0.1

    10

    20

    Frequency (Hz)

    Time (s)

    COSMOS-WSSI Project (60 SMA-1 Type Accelerographs)


    Equipment donated by USGS in 2005

    Microzonation Maps based on SPT-N value and Microtremor Study

    COMBINED HAZARD INTENSITY MAP FOR DHAKA, BANGLADESH

    Thank You

    You might also like