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    Drive Test Nemo 2

    Uploaded by

    Tarek GARA
    The document provides an overview of a drive test training on 2G/3G networks. The training covers network optimization processes and reasons for conducting drive tests including network performance monitoring, maintenance, benchmarking and addressing customer complaints. It outlines the modules of the training which include an overview of 3G systems, drive test concepts, conducting drive tests in the field, reporting and analysis. Key performance indicators for 3G drive tests and steps for analyzing and tuning networks are also summarized.

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    Drive Test Nemo 2

    Uploaded by

    Tarek GARA
    641 views74 pages
    The document provides an overview of a drive test training on 2G/3G networks. The training covers network optimization processes and reasons for conducting drive tests including network performance monitoring, maintenance, benchmarking and addressing customer complaints. It outlines the modules of the training which include an overview of 3G systems, drive test concepts, conducting drive tests in the field, reporting and analysis. Key performance indicators for 3G drive tests and steps for analyzing and tuning networks are also summarized.

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    The document provides an overview of a drive test training on 2G/3G networks. The training covers network optimization processes and reasons for conducting drive tests including network performance monitoring, maintenance, benchmarking and addressing customer complaints. It outlines the modules of the training which include an overview of 3G systems, drive test concepts, conducting drive tests in the field, reporting and analysis. Key performance indicators for 3G drive tests and steps for analyzing and tuning networks are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    641 views74 pages

    Drive Test Nemo 2

    Uploaded by

    Tarek GARA
    The document provides an overview of a drive test training on 2G/3G networks. The training covers network optimization processes and reasons for conducting drive tests including network performance monitoring, maintenance, benchmarking and addressing customer complaints. It outlines the modules of the training which include an overview of 3G systems, drive test concepts, conducting drive tests in the field, reporting and analysis. Key performance indicators for 3G drive tests and steps for analyzing and tuning networks are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 74

    Nemo Drive Test on 2G/3G Networks

    Toha Ardi Nugraha


    Trainer at Expert Coaching Clinic

    Network Optimization Process

    Reason of Drive Test?


    1. 2. 3. 4. Network Performance Monitoring Maintenance Benchmarking Customer Complains

    Module 1 : Overview 3G System (1 hour) Module 2 : Drive Test Concept (1,5 hour) Module 3 : Drive Test on Field (2,5 hour) Module 4 : Reporting (2 hour) Module 5 : Analysis (2 hour)

    Module 1

    OVERVIEW 3G SYSTEM

    Data Transmission

    GSM & UMTS Evolution

    3G/UMTS Architectures (Migration)

    Specification of GSM
    Frequency band : Uplink 890 915 Mhz Downlink 935 960 Mhz Duplex spacing : 45 Mhz Carrier spacing : 200 khz Modulation : GMSK Access method : FDMA / TDMA

    GSM network Architecture (contd)


    3 Subsystem in GSM network
    - BSS (Base Station Subsystem) - NSS (Network and Switching Subsystem) - OSS/OMC (Operating and Support system or Operating and Maintenance Centre)

    GSM network Architecture (contd)


    BSS (Base Station SubSystem) BTS (Base Transceiver Station)
    - Radio equipment - To transmit and Receive signal to MS - Defined a Cell coverage depend on the power transmit

    BSC (Base Station Controller)


    - RRM for several BTS - Handover management

    TRAU
    - Rate adaption

    GSM network Architecture (contd)


    NSS (Network and Switching Sub System) MSC (Mobile Switching Centre) HLR (Home Location Register) VLR (Visitor Location Register) AuC (Authentication Center)

    GSM network Architecture (contd)


    Operation and Support System Control and Monitor the Network
    - NMC (Network Management Centre)
    - Some OMC are controlled by NMC

    - OMC (Operation and Maintenance Centre)

    GSM Frequency Bands

    GSM type GSM 900 GSM 1800 (DCS 1800)

    Frequency Band Uplink (UL) 890-915 Mhz 1710-1785 Mhz 1850-1910 Mhz Downlink (DL) 935-960 Mhz 1805-1880 Mhz 1930-1990 Mhz

    GSM 1900 (PCS 1900)

    GSM Channelization
    Physical Channel
    200 Khz (Frequency Carrier) consist of 8 TS

    Logical Channel
    Control Channel Traffic Channel

    Control Channel

    Traffic Channel

    GSM channelization (Contd)


    Logical channel

    Chontrol Channel

    Traffic Channel

    Broadcast channel

    Common Control Channel

    Dedicated Control Channel

    Full Rate

    Half rate

    3G/UMTS Concept
    WCDMA Concept UMTS Architecture Channelization Handover

    WCDMA - Wideband CDMA


    Radio access technology for one of the UMTS access modes (UTRA FDD) using 5 MHz duplex channels.
    Frame length is of 10 msec, Chip rate is 3.84 Mcps All users share the same frequency and time domain Users separated by the codes

    UMTS Radio Frequency Ranges


    FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) TDD (Time Division Duplex)

    Channelization in UMTS
    Logical Channel between RLC and MAC
    Specific for information types What type of data to be transferred

    Transport channel between MAC and PHY


    Specific for how to transfer information? (quality guarantee) How and with which type of characteristic the data is transferred by the Physical Layer

    Physical Channel
    Exact Physical characteristics of the radio channel

    WCDMA Channel (Cont.'s)


    Spreading means increasing the signal bandwidth Spreading includes two operations
    Channelization (increases signal bandwidth)
    Orthogonal Spreading

    Scrambling (does not affect the signal bandwidth)


    Use pseudo-noise codes

    Handover Concept
    BSC
    Handover Req Acknowledge Handover Req Acknowledge Handover command Handover Request Handover Request

    Handover Req Acknowledge Handover Complete

    Posisi 2

    Site B

    Posisi 3

    Posisi 1

    Site A

    Handover: Types (2G)


    Intracell handover MS moves from one sector to another sector within same cell IntraBSC handover MS moves from cell to another cell within same BSC IntraMSC handover MS moves from cell to another cell from different BSC within same MSC InterMSC handover MS moves from cell to another cell from different BSC and different MSC

    Handover: Types (3G)


    Intra-System handovers Intra-frequency handovers Soft, Softer Inter-frequency handovers Hard Inter-System handovers Handover between WCDMA <> GSM (Hard) Handover between WCDMA/FDD <> TDD (Hard)

    Pilots Set
    The handset considers pilots in sets Active : pilot of sector actually in use Candidate : pilots mobile requested, but not yet set up & transmitting by system Neighbors: pilots told t mobile by system, as nearby sectors to check Remaining: any pilots used by system but not already in the other sets

    Soft Handover Algorithm


    T
    Measurement Quantity CPICH 1

    As_Th + As_Th_Hyst

    AS_Th AS_Th_Hyst

    As_Rep_Hyst

    CPICH 2

    CPICH 3

    Time Event 1A Add Cell 2 Event 1C Replace Cell 1 with Cell 3 Event 1B Remove Cell 3

    Cell 1 Connected

    Module 2

    DRIVE TEST CONCEPT

    Network Environment
    UMTS Drive Test is testing and measuring performance of 3G/UMTS network. Tools : 1. Software Nemo Outdoor 2. PC laptop 3. GPS 4. Scanner

    Reason of Drive Test?


    Network Performance Monitoring Maintenance Benchmarking Customer Complains

    Continuous Drive Test


    Drive Test (outdoor)
    GPS

    Walk Test (indoor)


    Pin point/way point

    Analyze Data Collection


    Analyze data that was collected before
    (from Log files)

    To know some problems in current area

    Reporting
    To Answer Analyze Data Collection (Objective Answer) Optimization Consideration Recommendation

    Parameters DT GSM
    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Rx Level Rx Qual SQI Cell Id, BSIC TA (Timing Advance) ARFCN, etc

    Parameters DT UMTS
    UARFCN (UMTS Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number) RSCP (Receive Signal Code Power) RSSI (Receive Signal Strength Indicator) SC (Scrambling Code) Ec/No UE TxPower (dBm) Throughput BER, etc

    Open Device Manager


    Step 1: Start >Settings> Control Panel > System Or My Computer > Manage > Device Manager

    Step 2: Choose Hardware Tab in System Properties > Click Device Manager.

    Open Device Manager


    Step 3 : Look port to conect hardware (Modem) Scanner/GPS & Check COM Ports

    Connect UE & Check COM Ports


    Double click the 3G Modem to check Trace port number > Check under Modem Tab. For UE Modem: In device manager view:

    Start Nemo Outdoor 5.07 and Load Workspace


    Make sure the Nemo dongle is connected to the laptop. Launch Nemo Outdoor 5.07. Load the desired workspace. Workspace should contains adequate information for the user to monitor. Different workspace should be created for different setup configuration. Nemo workspace are stored proper folder for easy access, eg. C:\Nemo Tools\Nemo Outdoor\Workspaces

    Running Program
    Start >Program Files > Nemo Tools > Nemo Outdoor 5 Workspace Details Device Configuration Load a measurement

    User Interface Nemo Outdoor 5

    Device

    graph

    Worksheet

    Load Workspace
    Step 3: Browse to Nemo Workspace Folder -> Select workspace > Click Open.

    Create Workspace
    Parameter

    Add Devices
    Step 1: Go to Measurement workspace > Add New Device.

    Step 2: Click the Configuration part > Trace port and Modem port

    Nemo Interface
    Map Interface
    Open map (.tab)

    Nemo logfiles and other files are stored proper folder for easy access, eg. C:\Nemo Tools\Results (.nmf)

    Module 3

    DRIVE TEST ON FIELD (OUTDOOR)

    Module 4

    REPORTING

    Map Info
    Exporting from Nemo Outdoor
    Select Parameters

    Reporting KPI with Map Info Layer Control


    Symbol

    Create Thematic Map Define Network Performance Open Table

    Export to Map Info

    Select Parameters

    Report KPI With Mapinfo


    KPI (Key Performance Indicator) : key to detemaint Network performance. like as , RSCP, Ec/No, etc Mapinfo is Software for loading and mapping geogharphic analysis

    File > open file (chose file extention .tab) Ex : bandung.tap Used Layer control

    Open Log files

    Example file (.tab)

    Layer Control
    Command:
    View Edit

    Create Symbol

    Create Thematic Map

    Create Thematic Map (Cont.'s)

    Create Thematic Map (Cont.'s)

    Reporting with Map Info

    Open Table

    Module 4

    ANALYSIS (TUNING THE NETWORK)

    UMTS Optimization
    3 Mayor Steps in Optimizing Network UMTS performance indicator Problem Signature Tuning network
    Specific Neighbor list Managing excessive soft handoff

    3 Mayor Steps in Optimizing Network


    RF optimization is the process of measuring, analyzing, and tuning and existing network to meet network performance criteria It usually occurs after the network planning is completed It can be performed frequently to respond:
    Changes or growth in the network Customer complaints such as coverage, dropped call etc. The need to improve capacity.

    UMTS Performance Indicator


    KPI Target :
    RSCP (good > -85 dBm) Ec/No ( > -8 dB) BER (98%) Analyze Pilot Pollution Area Drop Call Rate (DCR) HSR (Handover Success Rate) Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR)

    Problem Signature
    Missing Neighbor or No Neighbors defined for Site. (Database) Poor Coverage Area. Pilot Pollution Area

    Poor Coverage Area


    Test mobile measurements Antenna configuration check Verification of RF network design Propagation model verification Link budget analysis

    Improving coverage
    Cell spliting, Sectorisation
    Difficult , Expensive Primarily used for capacity enhancement

    Overlaid cell structure


    Micro- and picocells Cellular repeaters
    RNC Node B Node B Node B Node B

    Pilot Pollution
    Active set UE > 3 and in range 5 dB or approximately 3 dB from the biggest active set. Reduce system performance,

    Antenna Fine Tuning


    Horizontal plane
    Possible coverage weakness between sector Interference reduction Traffic load distribution

    Vertical Plane
    Interference reduction Possible coverage weakness in the short to medium distance range Traffic load distribution

    Tuning the Network


    Solution (Antenna Adjustments) Include : Down tilting Antenna Height Azimuth Type of antenna Reason of Down tilting: 1 Reduce interference 2 Optimizing cell

    Antenna Configuration
    General points to check antenna type, e.g. omni directional 60, 90 or 120 degrees electrical downtilt antenna azimuth angle (for directional antenna) coverage targets antenna tilt angle electrical + mechanical diversity & isolation e.g. space diversity, polarisation diversity

    Type Antenna Down tilt


    Mechanical down tilt
    Physic, Sectoral

    Electrical down tilt Easy

    0 Electrical Mechanical

    Typical antenna beam pattern

    Omni vs. Sectorised


    OMNI cells - more difficult to optimize
    Electrical down tilt possible, however
    same for entire cell

    Parameters same for entire cell

    Directional antenna
    narrower beam easier to control interference tilting less efficient with wider beams Sectorised cell site with different downtilt angles

    Reference
    Short Course In Building DCS 1800 Coverage, Mobile Communication Laboratory, 2009 Short Course Drive Test UMTS, Mobile Communication Laboratory, 2008 Short Course Drive Test CDMA 2001x and Optimization, Mobile Communication Laboratory, 2008 Short Course CDMA Drive Test and Optimization, Antenna Laboratory, 2007 Nemo_Outdoor_manual

    Thanks

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