I. Read the texts below and think of the word which best fits each gap.

Use only one word in each gap. There can be (1) few under-twelves who have not read one of the Harry Potter books, seen one of the films or played the video game. The characters and places created (2) by J.K. Rowling, from Hogwarts School for Wizards (3) to Dumbledore, the wizard headmaster, are now household names. But not many people realise that the author used real historical figures and places (4) as source material for her stories. The key figure (5) at the end of the first book (Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Nicholas Flamel, is based on a rich and famous alchemist of the (6) same n am e , who lived in Paris in the Middle Ages. In Rowling's book, written in 1995, the philosopher is 665 years old. (7) In real life, Flamel, a successful scribe and bookseller, was born in 1330. He was (8) a student of alchemy and, according to (9) his diary, he succeeded in transforming base metals into gold in 1382. The philosopher's stone kept at Hogwarts can not only create gold, but it has the power to make men immortal, (10) which explains Flamers age. The real Flamel was (11) also a well-known philanthropist who (12) created housing for the (13) poor, founded free hospitals and endowed churches. (14) One of the hostels Flamel and his wife opened for the poor people of Paris (15) still stands today and operates as a restaurant.

It is generally agreed that education should prepare young people to be responsible and productive members of the society (1) in which they live. When reformists talk about making education more relevant, they often focus on the need for work-related skills like computer literacy or careers guidance. But (2) when/ as young people enter the big wide world", many may find (3) themselves entirely ignorant of an area which they will probably spend (4) many hours thinking or worrying (5) about their finances. School leavers, whether they go (6) on to further study or get a job, will suddenly be required to handle a bank account, tax obligations and offers of credit. Until now, there has been (7) little or no financial education in schools. It is (8) no wonder that so many young people get into debt, when there (9) is not enough impartial financial information available. A recent survey of 15- and 16-year-olds in Britain showed just (10) how unaware the younger generation is when it comes (11) to the cost (12) of living. While most of them knew how much a computer game costs, (13) few had any idea of the costs of obligations like rent, heating and electricity. There is clearly (14) a need for practical financial education in schools to equip (15) the next generation for a complex and competitive world.

II. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. 1. It wasn't at all easy for us to find somewhere to stay. GREAT It was with great difficulty that we eventually found somewhere to say. 2. Harry complained about the weather throughout the holiday. ENTIRE Harry spent the entire holiday complaining about the weather.

3. Strict punishments for littering have recently been introduced by the police. CLAMPING Nowadays, the police are clamping down on littering. 4. Anne's work has hardly got any better at all this term. LITTLE There has been (very) little improvement in Anne's work this term. 5. I wasn't brave enough to enter the burning building again. COURAGE I didn't have the courage to go back into the burning building. 6. Violent films to do not appeal to Otto at all. DISLIKE Otto has a dislike of violent films. 7. They will give you a ticket when you show your ID card. PRODUCTION A ticket will be given to you/ issued on production of your ID card. 8. Poor service is the reason that clients have given for not doing business with us anymore. CUSTOM Clients say that they have taken their custom elsewhere because of our poor service. 9. They are putting the coin collection in the main gallery for the time being. HOUSED The coin collection is being temporarily housed in the main gallery. 10. If you have a membership card, you get a discount in our shop. RATES You can get reduced rates in our shop if you have a membership card. 11. You cannot sign on the manager's behalf without her permission. AUTHORISATION The manager's authorization is needed/ required for you to be able to sign on her behalf.

III. Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space. 1. In the past, if retailers wanted to know shoppers' opinions of store displays and layout, they would conduct market research and ask people their opinions. Now, they are making the most of new technology to learn about consumer behaviour. a. market b. direct c. retail d. credit a. taking b. getting c. buying d. making 2. They provide concrete evidence about what we are attracted to as we browse around a store. In some more upmarket clothes stores, the merchandise itself is being used to monitor shopper behaviour. a. watch b. gaze c. browse d. observe a. involve b. focus c. monitor d. absorb 3. In the New York branch of Prada, for example, each garment carries a tiny electronic chip, which not only contains data such as its price, it also identifies its place of origin and transmits information about its movements. a. share b. branch c. brand d. fund a. acquires b. houses c. retains d. contains a. identifies b. simplifies c. authorises d. publicises 4. Retailers are bound to find this technology invaluable in their quest to boost sales. Consumers, however, may be put off by stores that watch their every move. a. bound b. conceivable c. owing d. doubtless a. boost b. seize c. expand d. strengthen a. ripped off b. put off c. bought off d. taken off

5. Global transport networks make it practical to bring food from far-flung locations quickly and cheaply before the food spoils. a. Optional b. Brand c. Global d. Chain a. far-flung b. astronomical c. multinational d.overboard 6. Goods from farms in Africa, for instance, can be on sale in European stores within four days. a. store b. credit c. sale d. market 7. Customers these days want both variety and low prices and expect to be able to purchase ingredients whenever they crave them, not just when they would naturally be in season. a. most b. both c. either d. each a. deserve b. seize c. purchase d. qualify a. crave b. value c. redeem d. retain a. stock b. season c. mood d. offer 8. Food manufacturers also make larger profits by sending food abroad for processing at low cost in developing countries. a. funds b. profits c. fees d. fortune a. with b. on c. through d. at

IV. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. 1. Big companies spend a lot of money creating an original identity (IDENTIFY) their product. 2. Many factors play a part in popularising (POPULAR) a product the brand name, the overall look. 3. Marketing is now so competitive (COMPETE) that large corporations are intensifying (INTENSE) their efforts to prevent others from copying their ideas. 4. Copycats may find themselves in court being sued for falsifying (FALSE) another company's logo or product. 5. Copycat products are also often sold by street vendors (VEND) who make a living selling things like handbags and perfumes illegally. 6. Are you concerned about your income once you reach retirement (RETIRE)? 7. Are you mystified (MYSTERY) by banks talking about ISA and TESSA savings (SAVE) schemes? 8. We at Longlife Insurance can offer you clear and easy-to-understand advice that will simplify (SIMPLE) the whole process and will ensure you a comfortable standard of living (LIFE) as a pensioner. 9. You'll find our guides an invaluable (VALUE) source of information.

V. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. Plenty of the companies have announced economic losses recently. a. Much of the b. A several of c. Plenty of the d. A large number of 2. You can buy drinks from the vending machine. a. shopping b. retail c. vending d. junk 3. The government has agreed to subsidize health care for all citizens over 60 years of age. a. commercialize b. stabilize c. characterize d. subsidize 4. The building has been carefully restored so that its original character would be retained. a. retained b. repaid c. recruited d. rewound 5. Environmentalists claim that the local bird population would be adversely affected by the new road. a. Intensively b. audibly c. adversely d. defectively 6. How on earth does Grace make ends meet on such a meager salary? a. do b. pay c. hold d. meet 7. My uncle's hobby turned into a lucrative business when he started leasing boats. a. an exorbitant b. a lucrative c. an extravagant d. an impoverished 8. Tracey was upset when her plan didn't come off. a. come off b. work off c. pick up d. go with 9. The marketing department feels that a large discount would be the best incentive for customers. a. inflation b. isolation c. installment d. incentive 10. We decided to buy the couple a gift certificate that they could redeem in a store near where they live. a. qualify b. diversify c. implement d. redeem 11. The fisherman sat patiently on the river bank, waiting for the fish to bite. a. bank b. branch c. side d. field

10. The new school complex cost ........the city council

d. redeem

I. Read the texts below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There can be (1) _______ under-twelves who have not read one of the Harry Potter books, seen one of the films or played the video game. The characters and places created (2) _______J.K. Rowling, from Hogwarts School for Wizards (3) _______Dumbledore, the wizard headmaster, are now household names. But not many people realise that the author used real historical figures and places (4) _______source material for her stories. The key figure (5) _______the end of the first book (Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Nicholas Flamel, is based on a rich and famous alchemist of the (6) _______n am e , who lived in Paris in the Middle Ages. In Rowling's book, written in 1995, the philosopher is 665 years old. (7) _______real life, Flamel, a successful scribe and bookseller, was born in 1330. He was (8) _______student of alchemy and, according to (9) _______diary, he succeeded in transforming base metals into gold in 1382. The philosopher's stone kept at Hogwarts can not only create gold, but it has the power to make men immortal, (10) _______explains Flamers age. The real Flamel was (11) _______a well-known philanthropist _______ (12) created housing for _______ (13) poor, founded free hospitals and endowed churches. (14) _______of the hostels Flamel and his wife opened for the poor people of Paris (15) _______stands today and operates as a restaurant.

It is generally agreed that education should prepare young people to be responsible and productive members of the society (1) _______which they live. When reformists talk about making education more relevant, they often focus on the need for work-related skills like computer literacy or careers guidance. But (2) _______young people enter the big wide world", many may find (3) _______entirely ignorant of an area which they will probably spend (4) _______hours thinking or worrying (5) _______their finances. School leavers, whether they go (6) _______to further study or get a job, will suddenly be required to handle a bank account, tax obligations and offers of credit. Until now, there has been (7) _______or no financial education in schools. It is (8) _______wonder that so many young people get into debt, when there (9) _______not enough impartial financial information available. A recent survey of 15- and 16-year-olds in Britain showed just (10) _______unaware the younger generation is when it comes (11) _______the cost (12) _______living. While most of them knew how much a computer game costs, (13) _______had any idea of the costs of obligations like rent, heating and electricity. There is clearly (14) _______need for practical financial education in schools to equip (15) _______next generation for a complex and competitive world.

II. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. 1. It wasn't at all easy for us to find somewhere to stay. GREAT It was _____________________________________________eventually found somewhere to say. 2. Harry complained about the weather throughout the holiday. ENTIRE Harry ____________________________________________________________about the weather.

3. Strict punishments for littering have recently been introduced by the police. CLAMPING Nowadays, the police _________________________________________________littering. 4. Anne's work has hardly got any better at all this term. LITTLE There __________________________________________________Anne's work this term. 5. I wasn't brave enough to enter the burning building again. COURAGE I didn't ___________________________________________back into the burning building. 6. Violent films to do not appeal to Otto at all. DISLIKE Otto ___________________________________________________________violent films. 7. They will give you a ticket when you show your ID card. PRODUCTION A ticket will be ________________________________________________of your ID card. 8. Poor service is the reason that clients have given for not doing business with us anymore. CUSTOM Clients say that they have _____________________________________of our poor service. 9. They are putting the coin collection in the main gallery for the time being. HOUSED The coin collection is _________________________________________in the main gallery. 10. If you have a membership card, you get a discount in our shop. RATES You can _________________________________________if you have a membership card. 11. You cannot sign on the manager's behalf without her permission. AUTHORISATION The manager's ______________________________for you to be able to sign on her behalf.

III. Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space. 1. In the past, if retailers wanted to know shoppers' opinions of store displays and layout, they would conduct _______research and ask people their opinions. Now, they are _______the most of new technology to learn about consumer behaviour. a. market b. direct c. retail d. credit a. taking b. getting c. buying d. making 2. They provide concrete evidence about what we are attracted to as we _______around a store. In some more upmarket clothes stores, the merchandise itself is being used to _______shopper behaviour. a. watch b. gaze c. browse d. observe a. involve b. focus c. monitor d. absorb 3. In the New York _______of Prada, for example, each garment carries a tiny electronic chip, which not only _______data such as its price, it also _______its place of origin and transmits information about its movements. a. share b. branch c. brand d. fund a. acquires b. houses c. retains d. contains a. identifies b. simplifies c. authorises d. publicises 4. Retailers are _______to find this technology invaluable in their quest to _______sales. Consumers, however, may be _______by stores that watch their every move. a. bound b. conceivable c. owing d. doubtless a. boost b. seize c. expand d. strengthen a. ripped off b. put off c. bought off d. taken off

5. _______transport networks make it practical to bring food from _______locations quickly and cheaply before the food spoils. a. Optional b. Brand c. Global d. Chain a. far-flung b. astronomical c. multinational d.overboard 6. Goods from farms in Africa, for instance, can be on _______in European stores within four days. a. store b. credit c. sale d. market 7. Customers these days want _______variety and low prices and expect to be able to _______ingredients whenever they _______them, not just when they would naturally be in _______. a. most b. both c. either d. each a. deserve b. seize c. purchase d. qualify a. crave b. value c. redeem d. retain a. stock b. season c. mood d. offer 8. Food manufacturers also make larger _______by sending food abroad for processing _______low cost in developing countries. a. funds b. profits c. fees d. fortune a. with b. on c. through d. at

IV. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. 1. Big companies spend a lot of money creating an original _______ (IDENTIFY) their product. 2. Many factors play a part in _______ (POPULAR) a product the brand name, the overall look. 3. Marketing is now so _______ (COMPETE) that large corporations are _______ (INTENSE) their efforts to prevent others from copying their ideas. 4. Copycats may find themselves in court being sued for _______ (FALSE) another company's logo or product. 5. Copycat products are also often sold by street _______ (VEND) who make a living selling things like handbags and perfumes illegally. 6. Are you concerned about your income once you reach _______ (RETIRE)? 7. Are you _______ (MYSTERY) by banks talking about ISA and TESSA _______ (SAVE) schemes? 8. We at Longlife Insurance can offer you clear and easy-to-understand advice that will _______ (SIMPLE) the whole process and will ensure you a comfortable standard of _______ (LIFE) as a pensioner. 9. You'll find our guides an _______ (VALUE) source of information.

V. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1. _______companies have announced economic losses recently. a. Much of the b. A several of c. Plenty of the d. A large number of 2. You can buy drinks from the _______machine. a. shopping b. retail c. vending d. junk 3. The government has agreed to _______health care for all citizens over 60 years of age. a. commercialize b. stabilize c. characterize d. subsidize 4. The building has been carefully restored so that its original character would be _______. a. retained b. repaid c. recruited d. rewound 5. Environmentalists claim that the local bird population would be _______affected by the new road. a. Intensively b. audibly c. adversely d. defectively 6. How on earth does Grace make ends _______on such a meager salary? a. do b. pay c. hold d. meet 7. My uncle's hobby turned into _______business when he started leasing boats. a. an exorbitant b. a lucrative c. an extravagant d. an impoverished 8. Tracey was upset when her plan didn't _______. a. come off b. work off c. pick up d. go with 9. The marketing department feels that a large discount would be the best _______for customers. a. inflation b. isolation c. installment d. incentive 10. We decided to buy the couple a gift certificate that they could _______in a store near where they live. a. qualify b. diversify c. implement d. redeem 11. The fisherman sat patiently on the river _______, waiting for the fish to bite. a. bank b. branch c. side d. field

10. The new school complex cost ........the city council

d. redeem