Rr210205 Electro Mechanics I

Code No: RR210205 Set No.
1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
ELECTRO MECHANICS-I
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Explain the principle of energy conversion of electromechanical system.

(b) Derive an expression for the energy stored in a magnetic field system. [8+8]
2. Design a simplex wave winding for a 35 slot, 4-pole d. c. machine with 35 Com-
mutator bars. Give the brush positions and the winding scheme. [16]
3. (a) With relevant diagrams, explain the phenomena of commutations in a d.c.

machine.
(b) Explain what is meant by ‘straight line commutation,’ ‘Accelerated’ & ‘Re-
tarded commutation’. Discuss the role of interpoles in improving commuta-
tion. [8+8]
4. (a) How do you determine the magnetization characteristics on D.C. shunt gen-
erator.
(b) A separately excited generator when running at 1200 rpm supplies a current
of 200A at 125V to a circuit of constant resistance. What will be the current
when the speed drops to 950 rpm if the field current is unaltered. Armature
resistance is 0.04 ohm and the total voltage drop at the brushes is 2V. Ignore
the change in armature reaction. [8+8]
5. (a) Develop the general expression for the speed of a motor in terms of supply
voltage, armature resistance and flux per pole.
(b) Discuss the applications of series motors and compound motors. [8+8]
6. (a) A 220V shunt motor takes 60A when running at 800rpm. It has an armature
resistance of 0.1Ω. Find the speed and armature current if the magnetic flux
is weakened by 20%, contact drop per brush = 1V. Total torque developed
remains constant.
(b) A 220V series motor runs at 800 rpm, when taking a current of 15A. The
motor has Ra = 0.3Ω and Rf = 0.2Ω. Find the resistance to be connected in
series with armature if it has to take the same current at the same voltage at
600 rpm. Assume flux is proportional to current. [8+8]
7. (a) Why is a starter necessary for a DC motor? Explain the working of a 3-point
starter with the help of a neat diagram.
(b) Develop the general expression for the speed of a motor in terms of supply
voltage, armature resistance and flux per pole. [8+8]
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Code No: RR210205 Set No. 1
8. (a) Outline the steps to estimate the efficiency of given two d.c. machines by con-
ducting Hopkinson’s test. Draw schematic diagram to illustrate the method.
(b) In a Hopkinson’s test on a pair of 500V, 100KW, shunt generators, the follow-
ing data was obtained. Auxiliary supply 30A at 500V
Generator output Current 200 A
Field currents 3.5 A and 1.8A
Armature circuit resistances of each machine 0.075 Ω
Voltage drop at brushes (each machine) : 2 V
Calculate the efficiency of each machine acting as a generator. [8+8]
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ELECTRO MECHANICS-I
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1. (a) State and briefly explain the various phenomenon useful for the electromechan-
ical energy conversion in rotating mechanisms.
(b) Energy conversion devices make use of the magnetic field as a coupling medium
rather than an electric field. Discuss. [8+8]
2. A 4-pole 32-conductor d. c. machine is to lap wound. Develop the simplex pro-

gressive lap winding and show the windings with brush positions. [12+4]
3. A 4-pole lap wound d. c. generator delivers a full load current of 400 A. It has
shunt field current of 12 A and 123 commutator segments in the commutator ring
of the machine. If the brushes are advanced by 3 commutator segments on full
load, find
(a) The demagnetizing AT/pole;

(b) The cross-magnetizing AT/pole. [8+8]
4. (a) What is critical field resistance? How do you calculate the critical field resis-
tance practically.
(b) When a shunt generator fails to build up voltage, then how to rectify the fault.
[8+8]
6. (a) What are the different methods of speed control of DC motor? Explain.
(b) A 220V DC shunt motor draws a no load armature current of 2.5A when
running at 1400rpm. Determine its speed when taking an armature current of
60A if armature reaction weakens the flux by 3%. (Assume Ra = 0.2Ω) [8+8]
7. (a) With a help of neat diagram, explain clearly, how the efficiency can be deter-
mined by conducting brake test.
(b) The following readings are obtained when doing a brake test on a d.c. shunt
motor.
Spring balance readings : 10 kg and 35 kg
Diameter of the drum : 40 cm
Speed of the motor : 950 r.p.m.
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Applied voltage : 200 V
Line current : 30 A
Calculate its
i. Shaft torque
ii. Motor input
iii. Output power
iv. Efficiency [6+10]
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ELECTRO MECHANICS-I
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1. (a) Explain the principle of energy conversion of electromechanical system.

(b) Derive an expression for the energy stored in a magnetic field system. [8+8]
2. A 4-pole wave wound armature has 230 conductors and 23 commutator segments.
Give the table of winding connections. Choose retrogressive winding. [12+4]
3. (a) Explain the purpose of laminating the armature core of a d. c. machine.

(b) The diameter of a commutator ring of a lap wound d. c. motor is 25 cms. The
brush width is 1.8 cm and width of mica insulation is 0.2 cm. If the speed of
the motor is 200 rpm, determine the time of commutation. [6+10]
4. Estimate the number of series turns/pole for a 500KW compound generator re-
quired to develop 500V on load, and 550V at full load, the required ampere-turns
per pole being 7900 and 11200 at no load and full load respectively. The shunt
winding is designed to give 500V on load where its temperature is 200 C. Its final
temperature on load is 600 C. [16]
6. (a) How can you control the speed of D.C. Shunt Motor by using Ward-Leonard
system.
(b) A 220V series motor runs at 800 rpm when taking a current of 15A. The motor
has an armature resistance of 0.3Ω and series field resistance of 0.2Ω. Find
the resistance to be connected in series with the armature if it has to take the
same current at the same voltage at 600 rpm. Assume flux is proportional to
current. [8+8]
7. (a) Why is a starter necessary for a DC motor? Explain the working of a 3-point
starter with the help of a neat diagram.
(b) Develop the general expression for the speed of a motor in terms of supply
voltage, armature resistance and flux per pole. [8+8]
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ELECTRO MECHANICS-I
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1. (a) Describe singly excited magnetic field systems.

(b) The magnetic flux density on the surface of an iron face is 1.6 T, which is
a typical saturation level value for ferromagnetic material. Find the force
density on the iron face. Derive the formula used. [6+10]
2. A 4-pole wave connected armature has 51 slots. Draw a developed winding diagram
and show the brush positions. Assume any other data required. [12+4]
3. (a) When are dummy coils used and which type of D.C. armature winding these
will occur?
(b) Calculate the ampere turns for each commutating pole of an 8-pole generator
with 107 slots, each containing 1000 ampere conductors. The interpole air-gap
is 1.2 cm. The flux density in the air gap is to be 0.32 T. Neglect iron parts
and leakage. [8+8]
4. (a) How do you classify the compound generators.
(b) What are the various characteristics of compound generators. Explain them
briefly? [6+10]
6. (a) Explain about series-parallel method of Speed Control of D.C. Series Motors.
(b) A 500V, d.c. shunt motor takes a current of 5 A on no-load. The resistances
of the armature and the field circuits are 0.22 ohm and 250 ohm respectively.
Find
i. The efficiency when loaded and taking a current of 100A.
ii. The percentage change of speed. State precisely the assumptions made.
[6+10]
7. (a) Explain with neat circuit diagram how can you find the efficiency of small DC
motor with brake test?
(b) The Hopkenson’s test on two shunt machines gave the following results for full
load. The supply current was 15 A at 200 V. The generator output current
was 85A. The field currents for motor and generator were 2.5 A and 3 A
respectively. The armature resistance of each machine was 0.05 Ω. Find the
efficiency of each of the machines under the above loading conditions. [6+10]
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8. (a) Explain the three efficiencies of a DC generator showing the inter relation ship
among them.
(b) Calculate the efficiency of a 500V shunt motor, when taking 700A, from the
following data recorded when the motor was hot, motor stationary: voltage
drop in the armature winding15V, armature current 510A, field current 9A at
normal voltage. Motor running at normal speed unloaded; armature current
22.5A, applied voltage 550V. Allow 2V for brush contact drop and 1% of the
rated output of 400 KW for stray load losses. [6+10]
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Code No: RR210205 Set No.

1. (a) Explain the principle of energy conversion of electromechanical system.

3. (a) With relevant diagrams, explain the phenomena of commutations in a d.c.

2. A 4-pole 32-conductor d. c. machine is to lap wound. Develop the simplex pro-

(a) The demagnetizing AT/pole;

1. (a) Explain the principle of energy conversion of electromechanical system.

3. (a) Explain the purpose of laminating the armature core of a d. c. machine.

1. (a) Describe singly excited magnetic field systems.

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