"r0LERANC12

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THE
Published under the Authority
EDITED VOL.

KNEPH ~~
of the Sovereign Sanctuary for Great Britain and Ireland.
GRAND INSPECTOR-GENERAL.
ESTAllLISBED ISSl.

6-

@ffitillI ~ournal ef rre ~ntimt .anb ~rimitihe ~ite of ~a50nl11.

III. Nos. 2 & 3.

FEBRUARY AND MARCH, 1883.

t:

EDWARD STILLWELl & SON,

Masonic

Furniture, Flttlngs,
Swords, Chsrms,

C/othinf" Ring,

Jewe/s,

And every requlrement

for all Degrces,

inc1uding the

'.
~

H~.

s: ~. ~ite,"

1RKBECK BANK.-South.mpton Buildings, Chaneery Lane.-Current Acconnts opened accord ing to the usual practice o otber Bankers, and Interese allowed on tbe mlnirnum rnonthly balances when not drawn below !:2}. No commission charged for keeping Accounts.-Tbe Bank also reeetves Mane)' on Depostt ut Three per Cent, Interest, reparable on demand.-The Bnnk undertakcs far ts Cusromers, free o cbarge. the Custody o Deede, wr+rngs, and other Securtues und Valnables; the Collecton of Dills of Exchnnge, Dl.vldends, and Coupons; and the Pnrchase and Sale o gtocks and Sha.l'cs.-Lctter:- of Credit and Circular Notes is:med.-A Pamphlet, with Inll particular. on applcation, FRANC1S PoA VE.!'SCROFT. Manager. 31st U.reb. 1880.

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"t0LERANC12
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Published under

THE
the Authority
VOL.

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~i.l~

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Q9ffidnI ~ournltl n 1he ~nfhnt ltub ~rimitihe ~ife n rasonr~.

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~ Pagoda of Juthia is more celebrated for its sacredness than its size. It is situated without the city on a IN an American Journal of April r rth, 1874, there broad and commanding terrace, elevated considerably appeared a singular and interesting account of Siam above the levelof the river plains. It is approached conjuring; in matters of this kind the Eastern from the city by a long brick-paved avenue, wide Nations are great adepts,: and although the account and imposing. may be welc cs rrre to our readers as a matter of light "Soondatch and Woun-Tajac, each holding me by reading, it only merits transfer to our pages from the an arm, now directed me towards one of the doorsuggestion of a learned Jesuit that the closing part ways of the Temple, it was guarded by two men with heing a version of the great Solar Myth, has been drawn swords, and very fierce aspect, who stood in continued to the present time in the Temples of Siam front of a heavy drapery of red cloth that concealed and J apan. This we believe is a fact. In Herodotus the interior of the Temple frorn outside eyes. At a there is a statement that the Egyptians kept in the triple password these men admitted my companions, penetralia of their Temples the image of an old man but crossed their swords before my breast; Soondatch and another of a child, and that upon the birth of whispered in the ear of the elder of the two; be the New Sun, the Iatter was exposed to view. In started, gazed at me intently, but did not withdraw the account of the mysteries of the Syrian Adonis his barrier. Woun shewed him a signet, He took more life was given to this myth, and the newborn it and' reverently placed it upon bis forehead; yet child was brought forward with the cry-" Thanks be still he refused to admit me. There was a controto God, for out of pains salvation hath come unto versy between the doorkeeper and rny cornpanions, us," The ceremonials attached to the celebration of and at last the elder guardian whistled shrilly upon the birth of the Redeemer of men in the Romish and abone pipe tied about bis neck with a strand of silk. Greek ritual. are doubtless a continuation of this A tall man suddenly appeared. He was middle-aged, ancient cere~ony. TheIearned Mason also knows athletic, and had a most peculiar cunning, selfthat the myth of the third degree of Freemasonry has possessed look ofperson and intelligence. 'Tepada!' the same origino exc1aimed both of my companions at once; but the An English Surgeon having been successful in man, who was almost naked, took no notice of thern, restoring one of the princesses to health, was but put his band heavily, but not unkindly, upon my permitted to witness on the r th of November the breast, giving me a long piercing look, and said in performance of Tepada's ~oyal troupe of jugglers, a excellent French-" Are you a brave man?" 1saidperformance given upon tbe coronation of the young "try me." Instantly without another word he banKing. Slightly abridged the doctor's account is as daged my eyes with a part of the long white robe 1 follows :wore ; he snapped his fingers suddenly, whispering, "'Voun-Tajac called me very early, and he and "not a word for your life!" and the next moment 1 his father's o ousin, Soond~cb-Tarn-Bondar, set to found myself seized in the hands of several strong work to prepare me for witnessing the performance in men, and borne some distance alcng a devious way, the great Pagoda. A white turban was wound around ascending and descending several tims, At last 1 my head; rny skin was stained the color of new was put down; tbe bandage was quietly removed, bronze; my moustache ruthlessly trimmed down, and I found rnyself squatted on a stone-floor, between blacked, an d, waxed till it had the proper Malagan Soondatch and Woun-Tajac, who with bowed heads droop; my eye-brows blacked; native garments and faces partly shrouded in their white robes, fumished me, over which I wore the long white robes squatted like Statues of Buddba, their knees and which 1 was told were peculiar to the initiated. .' s close to the ground, their haunches resting upon

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a broad sheet of terrible fiame-it descended uporr them a shower of roses and japonicas. Turning the censer .bottom upwards, he spun it for a minute upon th~ pomt of his long thumb nail, then flung it disdainfully away among the audience. lt struck tbe p~vement with a metallic clang, bounced, and rose w~th sudden e~panse of wing, a shrieking eagle , frJght~ned hornb1y, and seeking flight towards the sumrmt of the dome. The old man gazed a moment upwards, then seizing the tripod upon which the censer liad stood, he sent the legs apart with a nervous hand, straightened them against his knee, and. hurled thern, dartlike, towards the eagle. They glanced upwards with a gilded flash, and instantly the eagle carne fluttering down to the pavement in our midst, dead, and three horrible cobras coiled about hirn , Iiiting their hooded heads defiantly, and flashing anger out of their glittering eyes. The music shrieked still wilder, the snakes coiled and plaited themselves together in a rhythmic dance, lifting the dead eag1e upon their heads, and-presto! there right in our midst stood the tripod again, with its fiickering fiame and its incense-savoured breath. A more perfect illusion never was seen. '" That 1S Norodom ' whispered Woun-Tajac in my ear, Another actor now came upon the scene, whorn. 1 recognized to be the tall athletic Tepada. Behind him carne a smaller man, whose name Woun-Tajac informed me was Minhman, and a boy, probably I2 years old, called Tsin-Ki. These four began some or the most wonderful athletic exhibitions that can be conceived. 1 am not going to provoke the incredulity of your readers by describing the majority of thern , In one feat Tepada seized Norodom by his long white beard, he1d him off at arm's length, and spun round with him until the old man's legs were horizontal to the athlete's shoulders; then, while they stiU spun. with the fury of dervishes, Minhman sprung up, seized upon N orodom's feet, and spun out a horizontal continuaton of the ancient j and when Minhman was finnlyestab1ished, the boy Tsin-Ki caught to his feet in like manner, and the tal! athlete, every muscle in. him straining, continued to whirl the human jointless lever around. At la:st, slowly, slightly, Tepada drewin his arms until the old man's white beard touched his body; there was sudden strain, and the arms frorrr being horizontal became perpendicular, Norodom's head resting atop of Tepada's, Minhman's head upon. Norodom's feet, and Tsin-Ki's head upon Minhman's feet. A pause for breath, then the column of men. was propelled into the air, and Tepada's head was on. the ground, Norodom's feet to his, Minhman's fee t; upon Norodom's head, Tsin-Ki's feet on Minhman's head. Each had turned a summersault and the column was unbroken. " One trick which Minhman perforrned was a very superior version of the mango-tree feat of the Indian jugglers. He took an orange, cut it open, and prodll"ced a serpent. This he tcok down among the audience, and borrowing a robe from one cut the snake's head off and covered it with the robe j when the robe was lifted again a fox was in the place of the snake. The fox's head was cut off, two robes

their heels, their hands spread palms downward upon their knees, their eyes defected, and a look of devout reverence and abstracted meditation in their coun tenance. The light was dim to my unaccustomed eyes, but all around, as far as 1 could se e, were white robed worshippers crouched in the same attitude of silent reverence. "~y degrees as roy eyes grew used to the dim gloor 1 began to look about me. The place was a square vault, so lofty that 1 could not see the celing, and 1 should say not less than a hundred paces long and wide, All around the sides rose gigantic colum ns, carved into ima.ges of Buddha always, yet with a thousand variations from the central plan, a thousand freaks of faney, through which shone the eternal calm, the stagnant, imperturbed ecstasy of apathy of Buddha's rernarkable face, with great pendent ears, and the eyes looking out beyond you into the supreme wistlessness of Nieban-a face that once seen can never be forgotten. By degrees 1 carne to see the plan of this evidently subterranean vault, and to look with wonder upon the simple grandeur of its massive architecture, which was severely plain except so far as the carving of the great columns went .. At the farthest end of the Hall, resting against the columns was a raised dais or platfonn covered with red c1oth. This stage was raised between three and four feet above the floor of the vault, and was about . 35 to 40 feet deep, and ISO feet broad. Behind ir a curtain of red cloth hung down from the capitals of the towering columns. In front of the stage, just about the spot where the pulpit of the orchestra in a 'Greek Theatre would be, was a tripod-shaped altar, with a broad censer upon it, in which was burning a srented oil, mixed with gums and aromatic woods, that diffused through the whole vault a pungent sacramental odour. " Suddenly there was a wild and startling crash of barbarie music from under the stage-gongs, drums, cymbals, and horns, and with wonderful alertness and a really indescribable effect, a band of naked men carne out. from behind the curtains, bearing each a scented torch in his hand, cJimbed the columns with the agility of monkeys, and lighted each a hundred lamps, strung from the base almost of the columns right up to the apex of the vault, which 1 could now see rose into a lofty dome, that doubtless pierced far up into the interior of the Pagoda proper. The din of the horrible orchestra increased, ano a band of old women carne out from under the stage, singing the mosto diabolica1 chaunt that ever 1 heard. The red curtain futtered a 'littIe, there was a dull thud; and there, right before us, alongside the censer, stood a very old man, wrinkled, with long hair and beard white as cotton fieece. His finger nails were several inches long, and his sunken jaws were horribIy diversied with two long teeth, yellow and ogreish. He was naked except for a breach-cloth, and his shrunken muscles shone with oi1. He took the censer in his hands and blew his breath into it until the fiames rose 20 feet high, red and furious. Then, with a sud den jerking motion, he tossed the burning oil amongst the crowd of squatting spectators, It shot towards them

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borrowed, and when they were raised there was a wolf, which was killed with a sword. Three robes and a leopard appeared, which was slain with a javelin. F?ur robes .covere~ a most savage looking buffalo, wh ich was killed with an axe. Five robes covered in part, but not alto~ether, a lordly elephant, who when the sword was pointed against him, seized Minhman by the neck and tossed him violently up. He mounted feet foremost, and clung by his toes to the capital of one of the columns. Tepada now leaped from the stage and alighted upon the elephant's shoulders. With a short sword he goaded the beast on the head until, shrieking, the unwieldly animal reared upon his hind feet, twined his trunk around one of the great columns, and seemed trying to lift itself from the ground and wrap its body around the great pillar. The music clashed out barbarously, N orodom flashed forth a dazzling firework of some sort, and the elephant had disappeared, and Tepada lay upon the stage writhing in the folds of a great boa-constrictor, and holding up Minhman upon his feet. " During three hours the exhibition continued, feats of the sort I have described, each more wonderful than the one which preceded it, following one another in rapid succession, I shall content myself with describing the last and culminating wonder of the startling entertainment. "A perfectly fonned and most lovely Nautch girl sprang out upon the stage, and was hailed with universal acclamation of delight, everyone calling out her name, Luan Prabana, as if it were a word of good omen. Her only dress was a short petticoat of variegated feather-work, a wreath of rosebuds crowned her soft, short, black hair, and she wore a pearl necklace as well as broad gold armlets and anklets. With a brilliant smile she danced exquisitely for some minutes to the accornpanirnent of a single pipe, then she knelt and laid her head on old Norodom's knee. The boy fanned he!" with a fan made of sweet fem leaves. Minhman fetched a lotus-shaped golden goblet, and Tepada poured into it from a quaint looking flask a fiuid of greenish hue. The old ogre-like Norodom took the goblet and blew his breath upon the contents till it broke into a pale blue ame, This Tepada extinguished with his breath, when N orodom held the goblet to Luan Prabana's lips, and she drained the contents with a sigh. As if transfigured she suddenly sprang to her feet, her face strangely radiant, and began to spingiddily around in one spot. First the boy, then Minhman, then Tepada tried to arrest her, but they no sooner touched her than she repelled them with a shock, that thrilled them as if she had imparted an electric shock to thern, Spinning constantly with a bewildering rapid moton, the girl now sprang off tbe stage, and down the hall, along by the foot of the columns, Tsin-Ki, Minhman, and Tepada, in rapid pursuit. In and out among the crowd they spun, the three chasing. Tepada seized hold of the chaplet that crowned her; it broke, and, as she was whirled along, a spray of rosebuds was scattered from her brow in every direction. Anything

more graceful never was seen. And now a greater wonder. At the extremity of the hall the three surrounded and would have seized her, when, still revolving, she rase slowly in the air, and floated gently over our heads towards the stage, scattering rases as she went. At the brink of the stage she paused in midair; then with a slight wing-like motion of her arrns, mounted up-up towards the loftiest arch of the vault over our heads. Sudclenly old N orodom seized bow and arrows and shot toward her. There was a wild shriek, a rushing sound, and the dancer fell with a crash to the flags of the floor, and lay there an apparently bloody mass. The music burst forth into a wild wail, and the chorus of old hags came tumultuously forth and bore her away in their arms. " N ow, from behind the red curtains came a dozen strong men, bearing on their shoulders a great leaden box, which they laid upon the front part of the stage, As they retired the old women carne out bringing a low couch decorated with flowersand gold-embroidered drapery, upon which 13.yLuan Prabana, decked forth in bridal garments and sleeping sweetly. The couch with its sleeper was put quietly down in front of the stage, and left there, while N orodom and Trepada went to tbe leaden box, and, with hot rons, attempted to unseal it. 'That is Stung-Iring's coffin,' whispered Woun to me, 'the old saint has been dead more than balfa millenium.' " Quickly-eagerly it seemed to me, the two men broke open the fastenngs of the coffin, until the side next the audience falling out at last, a teak box was dscovered. This was prized open with a small crowbar, and what seemed a great bundle of nankeen taken out. Tepada and Norodom commenced to unwind the wrapping which was very tight. Yard after yard was unwound and folded away by Minhman, and at last, after at least 100 yards of wrapping had be en taken off, the dry shrivelled mummy o a small old man was visible, eyes closed, flesh dry and hard,dead and dryas a smoked herring. N orodom tapped the corpse with a crowbar, and it gave a dull, wooden sound. Tepada tossed it up and caught it, it was still as a log. Then he placed the mummy on Norodom's knees, and fetched a fiask of oil, a flask of wine, and a censer burning with some pungent incense. N orodom took from his hair a little box of unguent, and prizing open the mouth of the mummy with a coldchisel, showed that the dry tongue could rattle like a chip azainst the dry fauces. He filled the mouth with u~guent and closed it, and anointed the eyelids, nostrils and ears. Then he and Tepada mixed the wine and oil and carefully rubbed every part of the body with it. Then laying it down in a reclining position, they put the burning censer upon the chest and withdrew a space, while the drums, and gongs, and cymbals clashed and clattered, and the shrill cackling treble of the chorus of old women rose hideously. "A breathless pause ensued, and the mummy sneezed-sneezed thrice so violently as to extinguish the flame of the censer. A moment later the thing satup and stared blinking and vacant out around the vault-an old wrinkled man, with mumbling chops, a.

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shrivelled breast and belly, and litlle tufts of white We are pleased to hear tha: OUI' Grand Representatve hair upon his chin and forehead. Tepada approached from. the Sovereign Sanctua7y, the Righi Illustrious Bro~ him reverently upon his knees, bringing a salver with wine and wafer cake. The old man did not notice him, WILLlAM YOUKGllLOOD, 33_95 has moved f1'011t NeU7 but ate, drank, and tottered to his feet, the feeblest York, an our friends and readers will please to note his decrepid old dotard that ever walked. In another new address, "430, NOTRE DAME STREET, MONTaEAL, moment he saw the Nautch girl slumbering upon her CANADA," from wlch portion o/ the Glob we hope to ha:Ve couch, he shuffied feebly to her, and, mumbling, the pleasure o/ hearinq /1'Om him. stooped as if to help his dim eyes to see her better. With a glad cry the maiden awoke, c1asped him in her arms, and to her breast, and kissed him. Incomprehensible magic ~ He was no longer a nonagenarian dotard, but a full veined fiery youth, who gave her To facilitate information as to the reeeption of Master Masons in kiss for kiss. How the transformation was wrought good standing into the A. and P. Rire, enquiries mny be ;made either personally or by letter1have no idea, but there it was before our very eyes. The music grew soft and passionate, the chorus of the In Manchester, of tbe Sov. Gd. Master Gen!., Bro. John Ya.rker. 33,96, the "Poplars," Burton-road, Withington, Manebesterold women carne out, and with strange Phallic songs In London, of tbe Gd. Trea, Genl., Bro, J. H. Southwood, 33, 98 and dances bore the two away-a bridal pair. 1never Houndsditch ; or of the Gd. Sec. Gen!., Bro. Jnmes Hll, 33 . 9, Cha.rnock RORd, CJnpton. . expect again to behold a sight so wonderful as that whole transformation, which 1may mention, my learned In DubJin, ofthe Gd.. Expert Gen!., Bro. Dr. Davies, 33, 10, Lr. Saekville-street. -' ..' J esuit friend to whom 1 described it, regards it as a In Limeriek, of the Gd. Inspector Gen!. Bro. C. Monck Wilson . piece of pure syrnbolisrn. His explanation is too long 33, Rose Villa, North Strand. and too learned to quote, but he connects the cere- In Glasgow, of the Gd. Examiner Genl., Bro. T. M. Campbell, 33 . 10,Carrick-street, mony with the world-old myth of Venus and Adonis, In Burnley, Lancashire, of the~Gd.!Administrator Gen!., Bro, S_ P. and c1aims that it is all a form of sun worship. Leather, 83. " The show went on for some time longer with many In Havant, Hants, of tbe Gd. Keeper of tbe Golden Book, Br o , Jabez N. HiIlman, 33, Bedbampton. curious feats. At the end of an hour the Phallic procession returned, but this time the Bayadere led it, a In Paris, of Bro, A. O. Munro, 32, 77, Rue de Rivoli. Calcutta, E. r., of 111. Bro. P. C. Dutt, 32, 14, Seeterar::D. strange triumph in her eyes, whiJe the youth lay upon In Ghose' s-street, the couch sleeping. The Phallic chorus sank into a FORM8 for the return of members are supplied to each body grntuitousJy on application. Declaration forms in Books of 50 dirg, the youth faded visibly ; he was again the 2,6 each, shrivelled dotard; he sighed-then breathed no more. &c., received with tbanks :-Modern ThouglU-Chaine Luan Prabana retired sorrowfully, N orodom and Journals, d' Union-T,.iungl-Notu and Quenu (Boston)-JUpublique Tepada wrapped the corpse again in its interminable MOfonnique (Paris }, Th Freemason; shrouds, restored it to the coffin and it was borne away again. The attendants c1imbed up and extinIndex and Title for Vols. I. and n., for bindiog togefuer as ooe guished the lights. 1was blindfolded and borne away volume, or separately, as desred, are oow ready. Subscribers wiIl notify to tbe Publisber how many copies tbey may require. again. 1found myself once more at the doorway of please as ooly a Iimited number have been printed, price Id. each. the Temple, in the broad sunshine with my friendsand the Mystic Ceremonies of the great Temple of Juthia was over, it may be for many years." SUBSCRTPTION. - Tbe low price at which KNEPH has hitberto

~ofites fa otllrrcsuonhenfs.

To the Edit01' oj K meph:

1 write a line to suggest the advisability of the Sovereign Sanctuary, under the present circumstances resulting from the illegal action of the Grand Lodge of Ireland, taking steps to issue warrants for holding me.etings of the first three degrees of the Craft, It is not unlikely that in some parts of that country, if this was done, more than one Blue Lodge would return their warrant to the Grand Lodge of !reland and elect to serve under a new warrant from the Order o Mizram. y ours faithfully, IRISH P.A.ST MA..sTER.

been pnblisbed heiog iusufficient to cover cost o production, it is hoped tbat Sobscribers will uot object to a sligbt in crease, consid.e z-ing also the improved character of the jonroal. Tbe future subscription will be at fue rate of 2s. per copy per annum, witb. postage added, The rate of postage for inland and countries in tbe Postal Union. A, !d. for two copies; for countries marked B, the lowest charge is Id., which, however, will carry two numbers--tbis last includ~s Britisb India and the West India Islands, The postal rate must, in. each case, be added to the subscription, and remitted in advances., For small amounts, stamps may be sent; but for snms of 55. a:nd npwards Postal Cheques will be more conveoient. From America., Dollar Notes, representing 4s. eaeh in English eurreney, will be received . " .All Orders and Remittances .lwu1d be sen: to the PUBLISHER. NOTICE TO SUBSCRlRERS.

es- Janual'Y,

1883.

Owrsc to fue change ofEditorship and Printer, and other unavoidable eontingencies, it was fouod impracticable to publish tbe January number in time. Tbe double number for February ando MaTch appears nearly up to time, and it i8 fue intention to publisb. in future each sncceeding number 50 as to reach Snbscribers the rst day in each month reguIarly.

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13

the Grand Lodge has, by suspension noticed them that they shall not be allowed to attend the Grand Lod~e mee~ings, nor the meetings of any Lodge holdmg 11'1sh warrant, it is perfectly competent for these, according to the ancient landmarks _of the Cr~ft, to meet ,together and hold a Lodge of their own, andadmit to the LONDON, FEBRUARY, 1883. Order .anyon~ they see fit, This 'without any ~oubt lS the inherent masonic status of Brethren m the case our correspondent alludes to. Of IT~qUT in any way forming an 0:p'lplOn of our own as to the advsa- ?ourse he and ros members would be declared bility of the matter, we giveinsertion Irregular by the Grand Lodge of Ireland but he to the letter signed Irish Past and his initiates would nevertheless be p~rfectly Master. Past Master asks the Sovereign Sane- good Masons and legally admitted to the Craft tuary of Great Britain and Ireland to issue Craft and if the new organization was able to hold it~ warrants for Ireland. There is no necessity own, and get together two or three Lodges, they whatever, of course, to do such a thing in could form a, Grand C'raft Lodge as was done at England 01' Scotland, as the Grand Lodges of first, and.theu status. and recognition wouId just each of these ?ountries interfere: only about depend like everythmg else upon their skill and matters concernmg Craft Masonry, and are tole- numbers. It would be perfectly competent, rant to a11Rites, It is evident that in old times should the new ~o~y in Ireland be so duly the requisito number of Master Masons had the ~ormed, for any existing Lodge holding warrant inherent right to meet and admit members to !ro~ theyl:esent Grand Lodge ofIreland, to send the Craft without any warrant, It was then m its existing warrant and agree to take out a agreed to by considerable numbers o individual new one fro~ the new Grand Body, as has been Lodges that one Grand Lodge should be formed done before m England and in other countries. out of the Masters and Wardens and others o Our correspondent's suggestion as to the issue of t~ese indivi?-ual Lodges, and that this inherent a Blue Warrant under the Order of Mizraim right of their Master Masons to admit members would raise many, but not iusurmountable to the Craft should be placed in abeyance, their difficulties, and could be done by authorizing Ma~ters and other members agreeing through the Rose Croix Chapters to work the first three their Representat~ves to meet only under a degrees instead of beginning only at the fourth warrant from their Grand Lodge, and admit degree as at presento The Grand Lodge of members onlv under a similar warrant-and all Egypt and the Grand Lodge of Roumania and the Lodges "in. Ireland as in England ~nd of Naples were set up by the "Orders of Scotland have m course of time adopted this Memphis" 01' of "Mizraim," working all their custom and placed themselves under Grand degrees from topoto bottom, and at the 'present Lodge. It is however certain by this transaction momen~ the An~lent and Accepted Rite which that members o the Craft have never lost, except has set itself up ID Rome has thought fit to issue by ?ustom and agreement their individual and Blue Craft Warrants to Masons in Roumania a. ancient J?ower of meeting, and such power can countr,y Rome has nothing to say to. Therefo~e, at any time be legally revived should occasion accordmg to precedent, the " Order of Mizraim" require it. Masonic crimes consist O offences could authorize the working of Craft Warrants against the general landmarks of the Order ~ Ireland, an~ the Ancient and Accepted Degree including the moral laws, and if a Brother i~ m Ireland which ~as caused a11this persecution, suspended for any of these universal obligations cou,Id not complain, as the Roman Body with incumbent upon him as a Mason he cannot be which they exchange Represeutives has done admitted to any Lodge in the world since he the same or worse. We should like to hear a has broken his engagement with the whole discussion upon the subject from our Brethren Oraft. But ~he case is very different where a skilled in masonic law. Brother, as m Ireland, has been illegally suspended for the suppo~ed brea;ch of a local Grand THE PERSECUTION BY GRAND LODGE OF IRELAND. Lodge Rule o~ eqUlv~:)Cal interpretation and doubtful masomc legahty-the breach of which .As the present persecution of the Antient and i;t no way ~ff~cts his standing in the general Primitive Rite in Ireland interests so many Brethren in Craft; and t lS further certain that where the the sister kingdom and Oolenies, we need make DO Grand Lodge of Ireland has o itself cast adrift apologyfor supplying our readers with the fullest inforcertain .Brethren resident in Ireland, and where mation thereon, At the meeting of the Grand Lodge of

THE
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Ireland in December a Report from the Board of General their former recommendation for the suspenson of seven Purposes was read adviaing the suspension of seven Brethren, three of whom are Eng lish Master M3.9OlJS of Brethren for having juined 01' become connected with a long standinj and masouic experieuce, aud in cOlIsequelJce Society called the "ANTIENT .A.ND PRIMIT1VE R1TE OF of ths recommeudation three of the seven made their FREEMASON.R.Y." The Brethren of the Rite who attended peace with the Board by sendiug in their resignations to 'ihe December Meeting claimed to have their case heard the .A.ntient and Primitive Authorities. by the Grand Lodge itself before sentence of suspension Upon the 1st February the Grand Lodge of lreland could be legally pronounced against them, upon the met, and the recommendation of the Board was read out grounds that this is one of the rights secured to every in which the suspension of the four remaininz Brethren The printed "'Statemen t Master Mason by the most ancient landmarks of the of the Rite was recommended. Order that no Brother can be senteuced 01' deprived of of the members which had been handed to the Board was his privileges until his case shall ha ve been fully heard also read. Only one known meuiber of the Rite was by Grand Lodge. Tbe Meeting refused to grant this present in Grand Lodge to represent the Order. The request, aud threatened that if the Brethren did not Presiding Officer put to the Meeting the adoption or consent to appear before the Board of General Purposes rejection of the Report of the Board of General Purposes, instead, tbat seutence of suspension would be passed upon aud the Report was adopted practically without discussion. them there and then. The Brethren therefore consented The Presiding Ofticer then put the question as to whether The one to attend, and a Resolution was adopted directing that the four Brethren should be suspended. they should be at liberty to make before the Board any Primitive Brother asked the Presiding Officer to rule in case they thought proper, and the Report was then the Grand Lodge as he had ruled in the Board of Gelleral referred back to the Board of General Purposes for Purposes, that "The Grand Lodge of Ireland alfords a reconsideration. Accordingly a Special Meeting of the masonic recognition to no High Grade Body in this Board was called in January, at which five of the country," but th~ Presiding Officer replied that he "most members of the Rite attenJed. These members 11.11 distinctly refused to rule anything:" the Brother thoresigned the Statement published last month, and in upon sat down and interfered no more in the discussion, addition, several of them made personal statements upon aud the suspeusion of the four Brethren was then pro.other points involved. The coutroversy practica11y nounced, twu of them being English Master Masons of narrowed itself down to four points-{I) Can the Craft over thirty years' standing, and a third an English Master Grand Lodge of Ireland interfere with the warrants or Mason of long standing. This suspensiou was pronounced working of degrees beyond or outside those of the Craft ; by the Grand Lodge of Ireland without the Grand Lodge (2) Has not the Grand Lodge of lreland already by itself having gone into the case at all, and therefore, .Resolution of 1838, recognized higher Degrees including masonically, the suspenaion is null and void, and every the " Order of Mizraim," which Order is now absorbed Brother present has been guilty of a grave masonic in the Antient and Primitive Rite ; (3) Can the Grand crime, aud acted contrary to the most ancient and vital Some rather peculiar incidents Lodge of 1rela.ud now consistently suspend the Brother landmarks of the Order. who is an Absoluta Sovereign of the Order of Mizraim for occurred during the meeting. One of the speakers put . working tha.t Order, when the la.te Duke of Leinster forward, a learned Judge, asked a nnmber of questions presided over the Order for more than forty years, and with regard to the Order of Mizraim and other points, the Order was recognized during that time by the Grand the replies to which in the affirmative would have Lodge as a component part of the Grand Council of Rites; decided the case had they been allowed to be gone into, of which could have been answered in the affir (4) 18 not the "Antient and Primitive Rite" formally and 11.11 recognized by the Grand Lodge of Egypt, which s in its mative by the Grand Secretary, who had a ll the inforturn recognized by the Grand Lodge of Ireland, and ination upon his table, and with which a Brother going consequently is not this a sufficient recognition under to pass seutence upon auother Brother ought to have made himself acquainted before he ventured to give Rule 28. The .A.fter hearing the statements made before the Board, his vote for that Brother's excommunication. the following ingenious rulings were made by the Provincial Grand Master of North Munster also informed the Grand Lodge that "he uias Jappy to saj that the President of the Board. (1) The " .A.ntientand Primitive Rite of Freema.aonry" Grand Lodge o/ North. Munster had 1W sympathy uihaieuer is a body "purporting to be masouic," and therefore with the Brethreii or with the Bodies aboui which the complaint liad been made." It is a matter of speeulation at comes nnder Rule 28. (2 dt 3) "The Grand Lodge of 1reland affords a present how he could have arrived at this "happy" masonic recognition to no High Grade Body in this conclusion when he had in bis pocket the following : country," aud therefore he would not allow the Board to entertain the question of the recognition of the " Order RESOLUTION ADOPTED JANUARY 26,1883, BY PROV. G. L. NORTH MUNSTER. of Mizraim" in 1838, 017 its standing in lreland. the Secretary of the Prov. G. L. North Mnnster be directed (4) The Representative of the Grand Lodge of Egypt TKA.T assured the Board that the Grand Lodge of Egypt did to nform the Gmnd Lodze of Ireland, that it is the opinion oe' the Prov. G. L. of North Mu;;'ster that the Bretbren who are 'working not in auy way recognize the "Antient and Primitiva fue Chapter, Senste, and Council 01 the A. & P. Rite of1>!emphia Rita, whether Memphis or Mizraim." snd Mizrsim'in Limerick are good snd true Masons, whom It \Vould According to these rulings and the information which be nn irreparable loss te the Order here to have suspended, snd was given, the Board of General Purposes rea:ffirme1 tllnt we reqnest the G. L. oI IreInnd not to act on the recomme[lda.~

~ 'r

 THE
tion ~f the Board.of G. P., but on the contrary to reeognizethe of that Rite as they do so many other Rites in connexion witb the Order. Furtlier, that the P. G. 1. of North Munster regrets that the Bretlrrsn who are workino tlie Rite shouldhave done so, without haviug first obtuined th~ sanction of the Grand Lodge, but that we feel quite sure t here was 110 intentinn on their part of de~yiogt he ~uthorit.Yof the G. L., 1I0rliad they the sligbtest Idea ofdoing anytlllllg contrary to the Oonstitutions or outsidethe spirit of Ibero, but were actuated solely by zeal for the good 01 Masonry. We further request Ihe R. W. Provincial Grand Master and his Deputy lo use all their influenee with the Grand Lodze LO sea that the .working of the Rite is recoguized. o 1 hat R eop'yof above resolution be at once forwardedto tbe Gd. Secretary of the G. L. of Ireland, and thut the Prov. Grand Master be also furnislIedwith a copy, to be produeedby liimin GJ. Lodge of Irelaud at its meeting in February.
working

KNEPR.
this time the Nethenimes (a posterity of Gibeonites condemned by Joshua to be hewers of wood and drawers of water for the Temple), distinguished themselves by their virtue; in time they became Knights of the Eaat and Royal Arch Masons. They were esteemed for their retired life aud simplicity o manners, their sobriety and charity, and took the name of Essenes. They elected a. Grand Master for life, and engaged to worship the true God, to do justice, to be loyal to their Sovereign, and obey their Grand Master. Tbese Brethren embraced the New Lato and became Christians; they retired to Sicily and other places, and in 1,020 they were created Knigbts of the Eastern Star, In A..D. 1,083 Godfrey of Bouillon and Peter the Hermit laid a plan for the conquest of Jerusalem. A.D. 1,100 the Cbristians associated by a. solemn vow to establisb the Temple iu the Holy Land ; and the Masonic Knights agreed to retain their ancient signs, to know each other from the Saracens at a distance in order to avoid surprise They eounuunicated their signs and words to those only who promised with the greatest solemnity at the foot of the altar never to reveal them. Tbat obligation was a sacred bond to keep the iudividuals of several Kingdoms in the same Society. Six millions of people of different nations, united, and vowed to conquer Jerusalem; they wore the Cal vary cross on the shoulder, aud as the Emperor Oonstantine the Great had in 383 seen the red cross in air, with "In hoc vinces," they took that motto, and the word for charging the enemy was "Dieu le vent.' There was also a cross of distinction for the different countries ; the English (at that time) wore white ; the French, red; the Flemings, green ; the Germans, black ; che Italians, yellow, &c. Many Royal Arch Masoua sud Kuights of the Eastern Star, who were Christ's faithful soldiers and servauts, had built a. church on tbe site where the Temple of Solomon had been erected, which they dedicated to Sto John of J'erusalem ; and when that city was taken by Godfrey of Bouillon, A.D. ],103, he gave the care of the Holy Sepulcbre to the Kuights of the Eastern Star, with tbe additional title of Knights Roste Crucis. Their duty was to guard the Sepulchre and escort the pilgrims on the road to Jerusalem, A.D.1,118, King Baldwin theSecond instituted the Order of Knigbts Templars of Sto John o Jerusalem, in which he incorporated seven Knighta ROSiB Crucis. After nine years were expired, this military order was consecrated by the Pope, and to their vow of obedience to the Grand Master, and cbarity to the poor, tbey added celibacy. The Knights Hospitallers, who originated from the Order of Sto Lazarus, attended the sick and wounded ; they afterwards became Knights o Rhodes, and are at this time Knights o Malta. After the ninth Crusade, A.D. 12'72, the iusticution of Knishts of the East aiul T-Vest was established, These Kui~hts had taken a solemn oath to shed their blood to establish the God of the Christians in tbis Temple of J'erusalem, which when they found it impossible to accornplish, they returned to their respective countries, and in order to establish in their hearts what they could not realise .by action, they solemnly engaged not to

It is also a. matter of surprise how the Presiding Officer of the Graud Lodge could have allowed the statement to pass, when he himself had possession of a copy of the Resolution of North Munster, and it is also curious how under the circumstances of the case he allowed the vote of suspension to pass withuut first having read to the Grand Lodge that resolutiou which was purposely forwarded to the Grand Secretary, as well as to the Prov. Gd. Master of North Munster before the Meeting, in order that it might be produced. It is also remarkable in this Irish coutroversy ~hat it was initiated and the formal accusation made in each case by tbat Brother who has himself seen lit to preside at every meeting at whicb the Brethren of the Rite have been arraigned, and whose peculiar and devious ruliug has placed the members of the Antieut and Primitive Rite at a fatal disadvantage. We only allude to these peculiar circumstances as tbey are attracting considerable. attention in the Provinces, and in some parts have 'created rather a fermento All these peculiar circumstances, however, and the various mistakes made, will tend eventualIy to the advantage of the Rite in Ireland, and the Sovereign Sanctuary may feel well satisfied that in spite of al! the persecution raised against their merubers, and notwithstanding al! the pressure put upon tbem in various ways to desert the cause, the " Antient and Primitive Rite of Freemasoury, Memphis, and Mizraim" in Ireland, is now stronger both in numbers and infiuence than it was in February, 1882.
BRIEF CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF KNIGHT SKETCH OF TEMPLARS. THE

[The following free sketch was written in 1794 by TnoMAs Esq. He was an illegitimate son of King George 11. and a grcat Masonic Authority for 30 years previously to this date. He formed a grand conclave 01' Templara out of t~~ high degl'ee~theu posse~se~and lIlent.ion~d in his sketch. HIs system requred un obligation of belief III the Christian Trinity. Many of his warrants still exist]. "After the Temple rebuilt by Zerubbabel had reiuained 5'75 years, it was pillaged by the Emperor Antiochus 17'0 years before Ohrist ; afterwards by Orcesus and Pompey, and at last totalIy destroyed by the Emperor Vespasian, who took Jerusalem by storm A.D. '74. In A.D. 138 the Emperor Adriau rebuilt that City, but had not time to lay the foundation of the .Temple, for the Persians took it from him, and the Saracens became Masters of it A.D. 640. During all,
DUNCKERLEY,

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16

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KNEPR.
eovered by explorers and archreologiets who are devoting tbeir time and mcans to tliis objeet. Greut ndvance has.of.late years been made in tbis respect by the Inbours of learned socieues and devoted stndents of arcliseology aud folk-lore, in G;eat Britain and Ireland, the United States and Canad, and their researches have been materiully aided by the philosophicnl and scientific teacbin.gs of ihesc degrees, especially those rellJ~'g to tll~ I."dde.u mysteries .of Memphis and Mizraim, and tlie teachl~lgs of OS':'S, .ISIS,and Serapis, We may add that the Oriental Rites of M,~"u,!n are the most ancient of all the high grndes, aud the. constl~utlOns of the Sov. Sanctuary of Italy, beariog date 1747, just t.lmty years after the trausformntion of Operative and Speculative Freem~,onry at London in 1717-over half a centurybefore Dalcho and ~lI.tobel!, of Charleston , S. e., invented eight extra degrees, and, mlxln,g tb~m with the 25 of the Rite of Perfection, maoufactured tbe Scottlsh Rite of 33 degrees, BIBLICAL DISCOVERY IN EGYPT.

admit a Brother to the sizth. degree until he had given proof of his friendship, zeal, and diseretion j and they
were created Kuigbts of the East and West by King Edward 1 of England, (who at tbat time was informad of the death of his father King Heury !II). Bis Majesty also dubbed them Knights of the Temple of Palesbine ; for as the infidels have changed or altered the Ohurch of Sto John to a Morgue, our Brethren denominated the Church of the Holy Sepulchre the Temple of Palestina, from its being situated on Mount Calvary, which is witbout the waUs. Immediately after King Edward returned to England with his subjects, and became Grand Patrn of the Knights Templars, &c. in Britain. The origin and bistory of the seventh degree or Knights Kadosh may not be written. N.B.-Iu 1295, the Pope, as Grand Patriarch of those Military and Religious Orders, directed that the Knights who had served in the Crusades should wear a Gold Cross in future. TROMAS DUNCKERL~Y. [ We need only add that the forezoing is a very good introduction to the better aud more complete information in our ceremonies. ]

~eporfs nf ~asonic
ANTIENT

~nbi~$.
RITE.

AND PRIMITIVE
DUBUN.

Most important news has been rec~ive~ from the ~artr engaged by the Egypt Exploration Fund, which ~s of surpassl?g. nter?~t to Bi blical students nnd renders both J awish and Christian, 1 hey commenced their work by a gifL of 1:500, given by Sir Erasmus Wilson, nt 'I'el.el-Maschutn, on the ruilwny and canal bet~eeo Tel-el-Kebir nnd Ismailia which was supposed to be tbe ancent Rnmeses. The railwny stntion near it bears tbnt name. An inscription has alresdy been dug up, which proves it to have ?een lIOLRameses however but the Pithom and Succoth of the Bible, Pithom is Ihe sacred, and Succoth tbe civil, designation of the Temple nnd Clty, Pithorn was built by the Israelites .for Rames~s t he Grent. Succoth is said to have been the first station on their route to Pnlestine. PitIJOOl-SllCCOlh now finds its place on the map, and a fixed point in the route of tl~e Isrnelit.es is de~erinin.ed. M. Naville, the great Swiss Egyptologlst, who is superintending tbe expedition, is grently encournged by this remarkable find; and there is now stronz reason for the appeal made for funds by M r, Reginald Stuart Poole, of tbe British Museum, who is tbe bono secretary of the Egypt Exploratiou Fund. TEMPERANCE MASONIC LODGE

PRIMITIVI! PILGRl1olS'SENATE, K.H.P., No. 5. -Ao Ernergency Meeting of the Senate was held .Janunry 28th, for the purpose of advanciog two KlIights Rose Croix to the Senats degrees. The Knigh ts being in attendance were received, perfected, and admitted Knigbts, K.D.R., aud Knights Grand Inspector, being the last degree of tbe Areopagus. The Sennte was tben closed in A. & P. Form. PRIMITIVR PILGRU!S ROSE CROIX CHAPTER, No. 5.-A Meeting of the Chapter was held on February Ist, at the Chnpter-rooms. Theofficers were appointed for 1883. The onmes of two candidates, Past Mnsters, were proposed for election into the Chapter, and being npproved of will be received at next meeting. The Chapter was then closed in A. & P. formo MANeHESTER. The "Palatine and Jerusalem Chnpter No. 2," will hold their Installatiou on Satnrday, the 31st March, at 3 o'clock, aL the Grosvenor Hotel. A lecture will be g\'~n upon tbe relative antiquity of the Craft and High Grndcs, and the cause of tbeir Union. Craft Masoos are invited to the banquet. CANADA. Most TIlustrious Robert RamElt,Y,Substitnte Grnnd Master, lell for Brockville to.day ; and Right I11. E. H. D. Hall, of Peterboron:rh. Deputy Grand Master, leaves for the same place tlds e\'ening, 20th January, to open a Cbapter of Rose Croi", of the Hite of iI!emphis. On the 29th January, M. Ill. Bro. Ramsay, of Oril1l" 33-96,90 Snhstitute Grand Master, and Ht. Ill. Bro. E. 1-1.D. Hall, 33-950 90, G. M. of the Sov. Sanc. of Canada, of which M. rn. Brother George Canning Longl~y, 33-96 90, is Sov. Grand Master-Gen., instituted "Knrllak" Bose eroix Chapter at Ottawa, upon which the officers \Vere duly installed. Tlle Ottawa Daily F,er. Press, of the 30th January, adds the following :-" Tbe Eg."ptian Rites are of <>reat interest to tl,e. l\fa.onic student, especially in the present e';.a, when the hidtf.n aod lost wondera of tbe land of tbe Pbaroahs are daily.being dis-

ANOTRER surprise, and one which cannot fnil to be .of deep i~l. terest to the friends of sobriety, is the proposed establishment III Manchester of a "Temperance" Lodjre of Free and Aceepted Masons. Wa do not know that rhe impntation has been deserved, but for mnny years the brethren of" Ye mystic tie" have had the credit of beinz ardent devotees to t he shrine of Bncchus, and cero tninly their "~",ioll', so far as tho "out,ide world" can judg~, a~e characterised with much of tbe exuberance of urbanity which 18 ~Ilgendered by the "lovillg cup." But, be that as it may, a considerable amount of speculntion has be en aroused amongst tbe members of the fraternity as to how the Manchester experiment will answer, and the effect it may llave upon the general body of Masonic lodges, It may appear anomalous t hat the amenities of a. hnnquet, and the fraternal interchange of sentimenrs thnt there find utterance, should be carried on amidst tbe mildly inspiriting associations of non-intoxicating bevernges ; but public tnstes and not ions of propriety in this respect bave vastly altered in recent "pars, aod it is by no menns \Inusual now-a-days for festivities of the beartiest and most enjoyable cbaracter to be canied on without lhe aid of wioe. The bero 01 Tel-el-Kebir appeRrs to be the prime mover in tbe foundation of this nelV departure in connection with ~'reemasonry, 8nd the !irst recorded <. Temperance LodKe" on the roU of the Grand Lodge of Ellgland \Vil! bear upon its banner the name of Lord Wolseley. The rentleman who has accepted the first Mastersbip has been a "lile !lb.tainer," nnd the whole of the pro ceedings connected wilb the Lodge are carried on upon the principIes of Teatotnlism. Such n step mny not appear significant to many who are unacquainted Wilh tbe inner life of no Order, amoogst whose cardillal principIes ternperunce and moderntion in all thing. are most religiously enjoined ; but the experiment has caused no little comm81lt nmongst the ranks of tbe frnternity,' a very large section of wbom will ;Iadly welcome the inoovation. l'roteJ for LheSov. SRnc. A. &> P. Hite, by
JJame-.sII't'f!t, ill ROB'eRT

CUAPIlAN, Temple-lane,

Bro. J.IJUS JilLL, al 6 LltUe Bl'itain, Loudon, E.C.-February,

the Parish of Sto Andl'cw, Dul.llin, nnd publlshed by 1883.

- ?,