This document provides a summary of several science news stories:
1) A new study links stress and cortisol levels in pregnant women to an increased risk of miscarriage. Researchers found women with higher cortisol levels in the first three weeks of pregnancy were nearly three times more likely to miscarry.
2) Research suggests anger may increase the risk of injury, with angry adults found to be more likely to suffer injuries requiring emergency care compared to other adults.
3) A new report finds Antarctica is losing ice at an increasing rate, shedding over 100 cubic kilometers of ice every year according to satellite data. While some argue it is too early to determine long term trends, the lead author believes the ice loss is significant.
This document provides a summary of several science news stories:
1) A new study links stress and cortisol levels in pregnant women to an increased risk of miscarriage. Researchers found women with higher cortisol levels in the first three weeks of pregnancy were nearly three times more likely to miscarry.
2) Research suggests anger may increase the risk of injury, with angry adults found to be more likely to suffer injuries requiring emergency care compared to other adults.
3) A new report finds Antarctica is losing ice at an increasing rate, shedding over 100 cubic kilometers of ice every year according to satellite data. While some argue it is too early to determine long term trends, the lead author believes the ice loss is significant.
This document provides a summary of several science news stories:
1) A new study links stress and cortisol levels in pregnant women to an increased risk of miscarriage. Researchers found women with higher cortisol levels in the first three weeks of pregnancy were nearly three times more likely to miscarry.
2) Research suggests anger may increase the risk of injury, with angry adults found to be more likely to suffer injuries requiring emergency care compared to other adults.
3) A new report finds Antarctica is losing ice at an increasing rate, shedding over 100 cubic kilometers of ice every year according to satellite data. While some argue it is too early to determine long term trends, the lead author believes the ice loss is significant.
Stress and Failed Pregnancies | Ice Loss in Antarctica | Anger and Injuries |
Hummingbirds Never Forget
(MUSIC) VOICE ONE: This is SCIENCE IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. Im Faih !api"#s. VOICE TWO: An" I$m %&' (&#gh). This *ee+: a ,ep&, ha Ana,cica is l&sing ice a an inc,easing ,ae. We als& *ill ell a'&# a 'i," *ih an e-cellen mem&,). VOICE ONE: %# .i,s/ *e ell a'&# a s#") &. special ine,es & *&men. (MUSIC) W&men *h& e-pe,ience em&i&nal ensi&n in he .i,s *ee+s &. p,egnanc) ma) 'e a g,eae, ,is+ &. s#..e,ing a .aile" p,egnanc). A ne* s#") s#ggess a lin+ 'e*een he ensi&n/ *&,,)/ an" p,ess#,e a *&man .eels an" he, a'ili) & ca,,) an #n'&,n chil"/ &, .e#s. The .ail#,e &. a p,egnanc) an" ,es#ling "eah &. he .e#s is calle" a misca,,iage. The ,es#ls &. he s#") *e,e p#'lishe" in 0,&cee"ings &. he Nai&nal Aca"em) &. Sciences &. he Unie" Saes &. Ame,ica. VOICE TWO: 0a'l& Nep&mnasch) *&,+s .&, he Nai&nal Insi#e &. En1i,&nmenal Healh Sciences in N&,h Ca,&lina. His ,esea,ch eam s#"ie" si-)2&ne *&men .&, &ne )ea,. All he *&men li1e" in 3#aemala an" *e,e al,ea") ca,ing .&, a leas &ne 'a'). The ,esea,che,s ese" he *&men .&, p,egnanc) an" meas#,e" c&,is&l in hei, li4#i" *ases. C&,is&l is a s#'sance/ &, h&,m&ne/ p,&"#ce" ') he '&"). Ohe, s#"ies ha1e lin+e" i & em&i&nal ensi&n/ als& +n&*n as s,ess. T*en)2*& &. he si-)2&ne *&men 'ecame p,egnan "#,ing he s#"). The ,esea,che,s c&mpa,e" he p,egnan *&men *h& ha" highe, han n&,mal c&,is&l le1els & h&se *h& "i" n&. The) .&#n" ha *&men *ih he highe, le1els "#,ing he .i,s h,ee *ee+s &. p,egnanc) *e,e nea,l) h,ee imes m&,e li+el) & misca,,). VOICE ONE: The ,esea,che,s sa) a *&mans '&") ma) ,ec&gni5e inc,ease" c&,is&l le1els as a sign ha c&n"ii&ns a,e n& ,igh .&, p,egnanc). The) als& sa) &he, s#"ies migh ha1e .aile" & .in" he lin+ 'e*een s,ess an" misca,,iages 'eca#se he) in1&l1e" *&men *h& ha" 'een p,egnan .&, a leas si- *ee+s. M&s misca,,iages happen "#,ing he .i,s h,ee *ee+s &. p,egnanc). (MUSIC) VOICE TWO: An Ame,ican s#") s#ggess ha ange, appea,s & inc,ease )&#, ,is+ &. s#..e,ing an in6#,). I .&#n" ha ang,) a"#ls a,e m&,e li+el) han &he, men an" *&men & s#..e, an in6#,) ,e4#i,ing eme,genc) me"ical ca,e. S#") &,gani5e,s sa) he ,is+ &. se,i&#s in6#,) als& is highe, .&, men han .&, *&men. (an Vins&n &. he Uni1e,si) &. Miss&#,i a C&l#m'ia le" he ,esea,ch eam. The) 4#esi&ne" m&,e han *& h&#san" pe&ple *h& ha" 'een ,eae" in h&spial eme,genc) ,&&ms. The paiens *e,e as+e" & "esc,i'e hei, em&i&ns *en)2.&#, h&#,s 'e.&,e he in6#,) an" hen in he min#es 6#s 'e.&,e hei, in6#,). The ans*e,s *e,e c&mpa,e" *ih h&se p,&1i"e" ') a g,&#p &. #nin6#,e" a"#ls. VOICE ONE: S&me &. he paiens "esc,i'e" hemsel1es *ih *&,"s s#ch as e-cie"/ ang,) an" h&sile. 0aiens *h& "esc,i'e" hemsel1es as .eeling easil) ange,e" ha" a hi,) pe,cen inc,ease" ,is+ &. s#..e,ing a se,i&#s in6#,). Am&ng men/ he ,is+ &. in6#,) inc,ease" &ne h#n",e" pe,cen i. he man "esc,i'e" himsel. as 'eing h&sile &, ang,) a himsel.. The s#") als& s#ggese" a lin+ 'e*een ange, an" sp&,s in6#,ies an" aac+s. VOICE TWO: 0,&.ess&, Vins&n an" his eam als& e-amine" s#spece" lin+s 'e*een ange, an" ,a..ic in6#,ies. %# he) *e,e #na'le & .in" s#ch a lin+. 0,&.ess&, Vins&n n&e" ha s&me pe&ple ge ang,) *hen he) ",i1e. 7e hei, aci&ns gene,all) "& n& ca#se ,a..ic acci"ens. An ea,lie, s#") in Finlan" ,eache" he same .in"ing. 0,&.ess&, Vins&n esimaes ha a leas en pe,cen &. eme,genc) ,&&m 1isis c&#l" 'e a1&i"e" i. pe&ple "i" n& a+e aci&n *hen he) a,e ang,). He #,ge" "&c&,s & 'egin ,ec&gni5ing *hen hei, paiens ha1e in6#,e" hemsel1es 'eca#se &. ange,. He sai" "&c&,s als& ma) nee" & s#gges ange, c&n,&l p,&g,ams in a""ii&n & me"ical ,eamen. (MUSIC) VOICE ONE: T*& *ee+s ag& &n his p,&g,am *e al+e" a'&# he meling &. ice .,&m glacie,s in 3,eenlan". N&* c&mes ne*s ha Ana,cica is als& l&sing ice a an inc,easing ,ae. Science maga5ine p#'lishe" a ne* ,ep&,. I sa)s he Ana,cic ice shee is l&sing as m#ch as &ne h#n",e" .i.)2*& c#'ic +il&mee,s &. ice e1e,) )ea,. Scieni.ic ,esea,che,s .,&m he Uni1e,si) &. C&l&,a"& in %&#l"e, ca,,ie" &# he s#"). The) #se" in.&,mai&n .,&m a p,&6ec calle" he 3,a1i) 8ec&1e,) an" Climae E-pe,imen/ &, 38ACE. 3e,man) an" he Unie" Saes la#nche" *& 38ACE saellies in *& h&#san" *&. The saellies meas#,e changes in Ea,hs g,a1iai&nal p#ll. Changes in he p&*e, &. ha p#ll p,&1i"e cl#es a'&# he mass &. "i..e,en a,eas &n he plane. VOICE TWO: The 38ACE saellies ,a1el a,&#n" he Ea,h si-een imes each "a). One .&ll&*s he &he, al*a)s a a "isance &. *& h#n",e" *en) +il&mee,s. When he g,a1i) .iel" changes/ s& "&es he "isance 'e*een he *& saellies. E4#ipmen &n he saellies can ,ec&," a change in "isance &. as small as &ne mic,&n. 9&hn Wa,h is a ph)sics p,&.ess&, a he Uni1e,si) &. C&l&,a"& an" a lea"e, &. he s#"). He sa)s he s,engh &. he 38ACE saellie e4#ipmen is ha i le scieniss meas#,e all &. Ana,cica a &nce. VOICE ONE: Ana,cica c&nains alm&s se1en) pe,cen &. he *&,l"s .,esh *ae,. The c&ninen is alm&s all ice. In s&me a,eas ha ice is cl&se & *& h&#san" mee,s hic+. The las ma6&, s#") &. he Ana,cic ice shee *as c&mplee" in *& h&#san" &ne. 3&1e,nmen scieniss .,&m se1e,al c&#n,ies *e,e in1&l1e". Th&se scieniss ha" e-pece" a "i..e,en .##,e .&, he *&,l"s .i.h la,ges c&ninen. The) sai" ha Ana,cica *&#l" gain ice mass in he .##,e. The) 'elie1e" ha a *a,ming &. Ea,hs climae *&#l" lea" & m&,e ,ain an" sn&*. The scieniss sai" m&,e ,ain an" sn&* *&#l" lea" & inc,ease" ice. %#/ he ne* ,ep&, sh&*s ha is n& happening. O, a leas n& )e. VOICE TWO: S&me scieniss a,g#e ha he ne* s#") is && ea,l) in he li.e &. 38ACE. The) sa) h,ee )ea,s &. meas#,emen &. he ice mass is n& l&ng en&#gh. Isa'ella Velic&gna *as he lea" *,ie, &. he ,ep&,. She is a ,esea,che, a he Uni1e,si) &. C&l&,a"& an" he 9e 0,&p#lsi&n !a'&,a&,) in 0asa"ena/ Cali.&,nia. Mi55 Velic&gna sa)s his is he .i,s s#") & ,ep&, a "ec,ease in a &al mass 'alance &. Ana,cica. She ag,ees ha m&,e in.&,mai&n .,&m 38ACE *&#l" p,&1i"e a clea,e, pic#,e &. he c&ninens .##,e. %# she als& sa)s she "&es n& hin+ he ice l&ss she "isc&1e,e" is g&ing & s&p ,igh a*a). (MUSIC) VOICE ONE: I. )&# hin+ he elephan is he &nl) animal ha ne1e, .&,ges/ )&# a,e *,&ng. Tha is he 6#"gmen &. scieni.ic ,esea,che,s *h& s#"ie" a 1e,) small N&,h Ame,ican 'i,". The ,esea,che,s ,ep&,e" ha h#mming'i,"s can ,emem'e, 1isis & a leas eigh "i..e,en a,eas &1e, se1e,al "a)s. The ,es#ls &. hei, s#") *e,e p#'lishe" in C#,,en %i&l&g). Man) scieniss hin+ ha &nl) pe&ple ha" c&mpa,a'le a'iliies. Ea,lie, s#"ies sh&*e" ha s&me animals c&#l" ,emem'e, an &'6ec &, e1en. Th&se animals c&#l" ,emem'e, *he,e he) sa* he &'6ec &, e1en. %# i is n& clea, i. he) +ne* *hen he) sa* i. VOICE TWO: Timing is 1e,) imp&,an & a h#mming'i,". These 'i,"s c&llec a s*ee s#'sance calle" neca, .,&m .l&*e,s. I. a h#mming'i," ,e#,ns && s&&n & a .l&*e,/ i *ill n& ge m&,e neca,. O,/ i. he 'i," *ais && l&ng .&, a .i,s 1isi/ an&he, h#mming'i," ma) ge he,e .i,s. In he ne* s#")/ 9&nahan Hen"e,s&n an" S#san Heal) &. he Uni1e,si) &. E"in'#,gh le" an ine,nai&nal ,esea,ch eam. Is mem'e,s ese" h,ee *il"/ male ,#.&#s h#mming'i,"s in he 8&c+) M&#nains &. Cana"a. VOICE ONE: The h#mming'i,"s ,ec&gni5e" eigh "i..e,en &'6ecs ha l&&+e" li+e .l&*e,s. The &'6ecs *e,e p# in he place *he,e hei, #s#al .ee"e,s *e,e +ep. The ,esea,che,s ,e.ille" .&#, &. he &'6ecs. The) sai" i &&+ &ne & *& h&#,s & ,ain he 'i,"s & .ee" .,&m hem. E1e,) en min#es/ he ,esea,che,s p# a s*ee s#'sance in he .&#, &'6ecs. The ,esea,che,s .ille" he .&#, &he, &'6ecs e1e,) *en) min#es. The h#mming'i,"s "em&ns,ae" ha he) c&#l" ,emem'e, he placemen &. hese man2ma"e .l&*e,s. The) als& c&#l" ,emem'e, *hen he) ha" las 1isie" hem. The h#mming'i,"s ,e#,ne" & he .l&*e,s ha *e,e ,e.ille" m&,e &.en han he &he,s. (MUSIC) VOICE TWO: SCIENCE IN THE NEWS *as *,ien ') %,ianna %la+e/ 3e&,ge 3,&*/ 9e,il)n Was&n an" Ca) Wea1e,. C)nhia :i,+ *as &#, p,&"#ce,. Im %&' (&#gh). VOICE ONE: An" Im Faih !api"#s. 9&in #s again ne- *ee+ .&, m&,e ne*s a'&# science in Special English &n he V&ice &. Ame,ica. A Test for Brain Injury reates Its !"n #is$s in %ildren This is he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,. A c&nc#ssi&n happens *hen he ',ain is sha+en/ &.en in a ca, c,ash &, a .all &, a s,i+e & he hea" in sp&,s. C&nc#ssi&ns can 'e mil"/ '# "&c&,s ma) &,"e, a CT scan & l&&+ .&, a m&,e se,i&#s in6#,). C&mp#e" &m&g,aph) p,&1i"es a "eaile" image &. he ',ain. %# a ,ecen s#") *a,ne" ha m&,e chil",en han necessa,) a,e 'eing e-p&se" & ,a"iai&n his *a). A nai&nal eam le" ') *& "&c&,s a he Uni1e,si) &. Cali.&,nia/ (a1is/ s#"ie" h&spial ,ec&,"s .,&m h&#san"s &. chil",en *ih hea" in6#,ies. The) .&#n" ha in man) cases/ he ,is+ &. "e1el&ping cance, .,&m he ,a"iai&n &#*eighe" he ,is+ &. a se,i&#s ',ain in6#,). The s#") .&#n" ha &ne in .i1e chil",en &1e, age *& ha" a l&* ,is+ &. se,i&#s in6#,) '# ,ecei1e" CT scans an)*a). The same *as ,#e &. alm&s &ne in .&#, chil",en #n"e, *& )ea,s &. age. The ,esea,che,s ha1e "e1el&pe" ,#les & p,e"ic i. a hea" in6#,) is se,i&#s en&#gh .&, a scan. F&, chil",en #n"e, *&/ "&c&,s a,e a"1ise" agains i i. he,e is: ; N&,mal menal aci1i). ; N& s*elling in he 'ac+ &. he hea". ; N& .eeling &. a ',&+en '&ne in he s+#ll. ; An" n& l&ss &. c&nsci&#sness .&, m&,e han .i1e sec&n"s. (&c&,s sh&#l" als& c&nsi"e, h&* he chil" *as in6#,e" an" *hehe, he pa,ens sa) he chil" is acing n&,mall). F&, paiens .,&m *& & eigheen/ he g#i"elines a,e simila, 22 e-cep he,e sh&#l" 'e n& l&ss &. c&nsci&#sness/ n& 1&miing an" n& se1e,e hea"ache. The ,ep&, appea,s in he !ance me"ical 6&#,nal. Ea,lie, his )ea,/ he %,iish 9&#,nal &. Sp&,s Me"icine p#'lishe" ne* g#i"elines .&, c&nc#ssi&ns in chil",en an" eens. Ine,nai&nal e-pe,s sai" he) sh&#l" n& ,e#,n & sp&,s &, sch&&l #nil .#ll) ,ec&1e,e". The ',ain als& nee"s a <c&gnii1e ,es/< he) sa)/ ') ,es,icing aci1iies li+e 1i"e& games/ e-ing an" *aching TV. 7&#ng pe&ple &.en a+e l&nge, han a"#ls & ,ec&1e, .,&m a c&nc#ssi&n. The e-pe,s sa) in"i1i"#al p,&g,ess an" n& a se ime pe,i&" sh&#l" al*a)s g#i"e a "ecisi&n & ,e#,n & pla). M&,e han &ne milli&n cases &. c&nc#ssi&n a,e ,ep&,e" each )ea, in he Unie" Saes al&ne. A c&ng,essi&nal c&mmiee has calle" a hea,ing We"nes"a) & "isc#ss legal iss#es ,elae" & hea" in6#,ies in .&&'all. 8ecenl) he,e ha1e 'een c&nce,ns a'&# pla)e,s ,ei,e" .,&m he Nai&nal F&&'all !eag#e. %# p,&.essi&nals a,e n& he &nl) &nes geing c&nc#ssi&ns. The,e a,e high sch&&l pla)e,s *h& ha1e "ie" .,&m ',ain in6#,ies. An" ha$s he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,/ *,ien ') Ca) Wea1e,. I$m Se1e Em'e,. =. Wha hings & "& ') "&c&,s & l&&+ .&, he paiens c&n"ii&n &. hea" in6#,ies> ?. &edical Terms' (octors )ive &e a lean Bill of Healt% (MUSIC) N&*/ he VOA Special English p,&g,am/ W&,"s an" Thei, S&,ies. Man) p,&.essi&ns ha1e hei, &*n *&,"s an" e-p,essi&ns. This is ,#e .&, he me"ical p,&.essi&n. (&c&,s #se man) echnical e,ms ha m&s pe&ple "& n& #n"e,san". %# he,e a,e als& e-p,essi&ns *e #se e1e,) "a) & ell a'&# a pe,s&ns healh. !e me e-plain. !as m&nh/ I *as n& .eeling *ell. I *as #n"e, he *eahe,. I h&#gh I ha" ca#gh a c&l". I ha" a ,#nn) n&se/ ich) e)es/ a s&,e h,&a an" a c&#gh. I .el i,e" an" ,#n "&*n. I *as in p&&, c&n"ii&n 'eca#se I ha" n& 'een geing en&#gh ,es. M) '&") h#, all &1e,. I als& ha" se1e,e hea" pains 22 a ,eal spliing hea"ache. An" I *as ,#nning a .e1e,. M) '&") empe,a#,e *as highe, han n&,mal. A &ne p&in/ I 'lac+e" &#. Thas ,igh/ I *as &# c&l". I l&s c&nsci&#sness an" m) .,ien" ha" & ',ing me a,&#n". He #se" c&l" *ae, &n m) .ace & ,es&,e m) c&nsci&#sness. I g,e* c&nce,ne" ha I migh a+e a #,n .&, he *&,se. I "i" n& *an & 'ec&me sic+e, 'eca#se hen s#,el) I *&#l" 'e a "eahs "&&,. M) .,ien" &&+ me & he "&c&,. I &l" he "&c&, I h&#gh I ha" c&me "&*n *ih a c&l". When he "&c&, sa* me/ she imme"iael) *ane" & ,#n s&me ess. She sai" ha me"ical ess *&#l" help he, "isc&1e, *h) I *as sic+. The "&c&, als& as+e" *hen I ha" m) las ph)sical. I "& n& ge )ea,l)chec+2#ps. %# I p,&'a'l) sh&#l" ge a me"ical e-am ') a "&c&, e1e,) )ea,. Then he n#,se ",e* m) 'l&&". She #se" a nee"le & a+e a small am&#n &. 'l&&" .,&m m) a,m. She sen i & a la'&,a&,) .&, ess. The n#,se als& &&+ m) empe,a#,e. She #se" a he,m&mee, & meas#,e m) '&") empe,a#,e. The "&c&, &l" me I ha" in.l#en5a/ &, he .l#. %# she &l" me I *&#l" ,ec&1e, s&&n. She sai" I *as &1e, he *&,s &. he "isease. She &l" me & ,es a h&me an" & sa) a*a) .,&m &he, pe&ple 'eca#se he .l# can sp,ea". I isc&nagi&#s. Than+.#ll)/ I "i" n& ha1e & g& #n"e, he +ni.e. I "i" n& nee" an &pe,ai&n. Insea"/ I "i" 6#s *ha he "&c&, &,"e,e". I *en h&me an" "i" e-acl) *ha *as nee"e" & 'ec&me healh) again. S&&n/ I *as &n he men". I *asp#lling h,&#gh an" ,ec&1e,ing .,&m m) sic+ness. N&*/ I am 'ac+ &n m) .ee. I am ph)sicall) healh) again. E1en 'ee,/ he "&c&, has gi1en me a clean 'ill &. healh. She sa)s ha I am &ne2h#n",e" pe,cen c#,e". I am 'ac+ & n&,mal an" I .eel g,ea. In .ac/ I .eel &n &p &. he *&,l". M) .,ien"s sa) I n&* l&&+ li+e he pic#,e &. healh. (MUSIC) This VOA Special English p,&g,am/ WO8(S AN( THEI8 STO8IES/ *as *,ien ') 9ill M&ss. Im Faih !api"#s. (THEME) Training &edical Teams to ommunicate Better (uring !*erations This is he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,. N& &ne *ans a pil& & ma+e a misa+e. This is *h) .ligh c,e*s a,e ,aine" in eam*&,+ an" c&mm#nicai&n. N&* a s#") .in"s h&spials ha ,aine" hei, &pe,aing ,&&m eams ha" a l&*e, ,ae &. s#,gical "eahs han &he, h&spials. SU83EON: <We$ll nee" a pach in he ,&&m/ is he,e a pach a1aila'le>< This eam has 'een ,aine" & c&mm#nicae a'&# he &pe,ai&n an" he paien 'e.&,e/ "#,ing an" a.e, he s#,ge,). SU83EON: <A,e he,e an) c&nce,ns &, 4#esi&ns .,&m he eam> An)'&")> N&>< The s#") in1&l1e" m&,e han &ne h#n",e" Ame,ican 1ee,ans h&spials. S&me ha" a+en pa, in a p,&g,am &. me"ical eam ,aining. 8esea,che, 9#lia Neil)/ a Vee,ans A"minis,ai&n n#,se/ sa)s he ,aining see+s & emp&*e, each eam mem'e,/ incl#"ing echnicians. 9U!IA NEI!7: <One &. he +e) elemens he,e *as .laening he hie,a,ch) in he &pe,aing ,&&m s& ha e1e,)'&")/ he sc,#' ech/ he n#,se/ he s#,ge&n/ he aneshesi&l&gis/ *h&me1e, i is in he &pe,aing ,&&m c&#l" ',ing #p an) c&nce,ns he) ha" a'&# he paien.< An" he m&,e ,aining/ he 'ee, he chances ha a paien *&#l" s#,1i1e. 9U!IA NEI!7: <The g,&#p ha ha" he ,aining iniiall) ha" a .i.) pe,cen g,eae, ,e"#ci&n in hei, m&,ali) ,ae an" ha *as g,eae, ,e"#ci&n han he c&n,&l g,&#p/ he g,&#p ha "i"n$ ha1e he ,aining iniiall).< S#") c&2a#h&, 9ames %agian is a Vee,ans A"minis,ai&n "&c&,. 9AMES %A3IAN: <%ee, c&mm#nicai&ns ') ',ie.ings an" "e',ie.ings ha a,e g#i"e" ') chec+liss enhance eam*&,+.< (OCTO8: <We,e he,e an) "i..ic#lies &, an)hing .&, aneshesia>< ANESTHESIO!O3IST: <N&.< The s#") is in his *ee+$s 9&#,nal &. he Ame,ican Me"ical Ass&ciai&n. A .i,s/ s&me eam mem'e,s 4#esi&ne" he 1al#e &. he c&mm#nicai&n ,aining. %# an&he, ne* s#") sh&*s h&* a lac+ &. c&mm#nicai&n can lea" & misa+es li+e &pe,aing &n he *,&ng sie &, he *,&ng paien. Since *& h&#san" .&#,/ h&spials an" s#,gical &..ices in he Unie" Saes ha1e ha" a <#ni1e,sal p,&&c&l.< F&, e-ample/ he) a,e s#pp&se" & ma,+ he s#,gical sie an" pe,.&,m a <ime2&#< imme"iael) 'e.&,e he p,&ce"#,e. The s#") l&&+e" a ,ec&,"s &. a c&mpan) ha p,&1i"es lia'ili) ins#,ance & si- h&#san" "&c&,s in C&l&,a"&. The "&c&,s ,ep&,e" *en)2.i1e cases in1&l1ing he *,&ng paien 'e*een 9an#a,) &. *& h&#san" *& an" 9#ne &. *& h&#san" eigh. Fi1e paiens s#..e,e" se,i&#s ha,m. S#,ge&ns an" &he, "&c&,s als& ,ep&,e" &ne h#n",e" se1en cases in1&l1ing he *,&ng sie. M&,e han &ne2hi," le" & se,i&#s ha,m. One paien "ie". The ,esea,che,s 'lame" m&s &. he *,&ng2sie cases &n e,,&,s in 6#"gmen &, a lac+ &. a ime2&#. %# he) sa) e,,&,s in c&mm#nicai&n *e,e a leas &ne ca#se &. all he mi-2#ps in1&l1ing he *,&ng paien. 0hilip Sahel a he (en1e, Healh Me"ical Cene, le" he s#") in he A,chi1es &. S#,ge,). An" ha$s he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,/ a1aila'le &nline a 1&aspecialenglish.c&m. 7&# can als& .&ll&* #s &n Face'&&+/ T*ie,/ 7&#T#'e an" iT#nes a VOA !ea,ning English. I$m Se1e Em'e,. @@@ Incl#"es ,ep&,ing ') Ca,&l 0ea,s&n an" A1i A,"ii/ an" s&#n" p,&1i"e" ') he 9&#,nal &. he Ame,ican Me"ical Ass&ciai&n Need +our A**endi, !ut- Let &e #eac% (o"n +our T%roat This is he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,. Me"ical ,esea,che,s +eep l&&+ing .&, less in1asi1e *a)s & pe,.&,m &pe,ai&ns. The aim is & c# less an" & ,e"#ce pain an" ,ec&1e,) ime. S&me ,esea,che,s see a .##,e in NOTES. NOTES is sh&, .&, Na#,al O,i.ice T,ansl#menal En"&sc&pic S#,ge,). In simple e,ms/ *ha his means is he ,em&1al &. "isease" &,gans h,&#gh he '&")$s na#,al &penings. F&, e-ample/ a man in Cali.&,nia ,ecenl) ha" his appen"i- ,em&1e" h,&#gh his m&#h. T*en)2.i1e )ea,s ag&/ ha1ing )&#, appen"i- ,em&1e" mean sa)ing in he h&spial .&, as l&ng as a *ee+. 0aiens ,e#,ne" h&me *ih an #gl) an" pe,manen sca, &n hei, a'"&men. %# since he lae nineeen eighies/ lapa,&sc&pic s#,ge,) has gaine" p&p#la,i). I lea1es &nl) small ma,+s *he,e h&les *e,e ma"e in he s+in. The "&c&, *&,+s *ih a s)sem calle" a lapa,&sc&pe/ #s#all) c&nnece" & a 1i"e& came,a. !apa,&sc&pic s#,ge,) ,a,el) ,e4#i,es a h&spial sa). Wih he ne*es +in" &. s#,ge,)/ "&c&,s ma+e a small c# in he paien$s 'ell) '#&n. A came,a is place" h,&#gh he h&le & help g#i"e he s#,gical ins,#men. The &pe,ai&n a he Uni1e,si) &. Cali.&,nia San (ieg& Me"ical Cene, in Ma,ch lase" h,ee h&#,s. I *as "&ne as pa, &. a s#") & es ne* meh&"s &. minimall) in1asi1e s#,ge,). Saniag& H&,gan/ "i,ec&, &. UC San (ieg&$s Cene, .&, he F##,e &. S#,ge,)/ le" he me"ical eam. (&c&,s #se" a l&ng ,&'&ic #'e & pass he ins,#men "&*n he paien$s h,&a. Then he) ma"e a c# in he *all &. he s&mach. The c# *as ma"e & pass he ins,#men h,&#gh & he appen"i- .&, ,em&1al. The ,esea,che,s sai" he) 'elie1e" i *as he c&#n,)$s .i,s ,em&1al &. a "isease" appen"i- h,&#gh he m&#h. The) sai" In"ia *as he &nl) &he, c&#n,) & ,ep&, s#ch an &pe,ai&n. The paien in Cali.&,nia/ name" 9e.. Sch&l5/ sai" he ,ec&1e,e" 4#ic+l) an" *ih lile pain. %# s&me "&c&,s sa) he) a,e n& s#,e his +in" &. s#,ge,) is *&,h he p&ssi'le ,is+s. The) sa) s&mach .l#i"s c&#l" lea+ i. he h&le in he s&mach *all is n& cl&se" c&mpleel). A misa+e/ he) sa)/ c&#l" 'e li.e2h,eaening. The s#,gical meh&" is sill 'eing s#"ie" & see i. i is 'ee, han ,a"ii&nal s#,ge,ies. An" ha$s he VOA Special English Healh 8ep&,/ *,ien ') %,ianna %la+e. A,chi1es &. ,ansc,ips an" M0As &. &#, ,ep&,s can 'e .&#n" a 1&aspialenglish.c&m. I$m Se1e Em'e,. Body Pain !ften aused by Fibromyalgia F,&m VOA !ea,ning English/ his is Science in he Ne*s. Ame,ican &..icials sa) .i',&m)algia s)n",&me a..ecs #p & si- milli&n pe&ple in he Unie" Saes each )ea,. In s&me nai&ns/ .i',&m)algia is sai" & a..ec m&,e han h,ee an" a hal. pe,cen &. a"#l *&men an" &ne2hal. pe,cen &. a"#l men. In &#, sh&* &"a)/ Faih !api"#s an" Ch,is&phe, C,#ise ,ep&, &n his "isa'ling "isease.
Fi',&m)algia can ha1e man) s)mp&ms/ incl#"ing "ep,essi&n an" l&* ene,g) le1els. %# pain B &.en h,&#gh&# he '&") 22 is he main p,&'lem. 0aiens &.en ha1e pain in hei, m#scles an" 6&ins. An" he) al*a)s .eel i,e".
Man) pe&ple *ih .i',&m)algia ha1e ,&#'le pe,s#a"ing "&c&,s ha hei, pain is ,eal. S&me &. he m&s c&mm&n s)mp&ms &. .i',&m)algia a,e he same as h&se &. &he, "iseases. As a ,es#l/ "&c&,s &.en ha1e ,&#'le ,ec&gni5ing an" c&n.i,ming he p,esence &. he "isease.
T,eaing .i',&m)algia can 'e "i..ic#l. Since he,e is n& c#,e/ "&c&,s ma) e-pe,imen *ih "i..e,en ,eamens an" me"icines. S&me ",#gs *&,+ *ih s&me paiens/ '# "& n& *&,+ *ih &he,s. 0aiens *ih mil" .i',&m)algia &.en "& n& nee" an) ",#gs. Thei, c&n"ii&n can imp,&1e *ih a c&m'inai&n &. l&*2impac e-e,cises/ a g&&" "ie/ geing en&#gh ,es an" paien e"#cai&n.
T,eamen &. .i',&m)algia paiens can 'e c&sl) an" "i..ic#l .&, "&c&,s/ 'eca#se he pain &nl) lessens. I ne1e, g&es a*a) c&mpleel).
Ame,icas F&&" an" (,#g A"minis,ai&n has app,&1e" h,ee ",#gs .&, .i',&m)algia B !),ica/ C)m'ala an" Sa1ella. These me"icines ha1e 'een sh&*n & ,e"#ce pain .&, a'&# hal. &. paiens.
(&c&, 8#ssell 8&hen'e,g is a lea"ing e-pe, &n .i',&m)algia. F&, man) paiens/ he sa)s/ a hi,) pe,cen ,e"#ci&n in pain is en&#gh s& he) can *&,+ an" a+e ca,e &. hei, .amil). Once .i',&m)algia is ,eae"/ paiens can 'e sa'le .&, man) )ea,s 22 n& geing 'ee,/ '# n& geing *&,se/ eihe,.
S&me paiens ha1e "esc,i'e" .i',&m)algia as a+ing c&n,&l &. hei, li1es an" ma+ing hem a p,is&ne, &. hei, &*n '&"). 0len) &. ph)sical aci1i) in &ne "a) can ma+e m#scles s&,e .&, "a)s a.e,*a,"s. F&& pain can 'e s& inense ha *ea,ing sh&es is imp&ssi'le. E1en a.e, geing eigh h&#,s &. sleep/ s&me s#..e,e,s *a+e #p .eeling i,e". N&,mal aci1iies li+e s&ciali5ing *ih .,ien"s can 'e imp&ssi'le.
The ",#g man#.ac#,e, 0.i5e, ma+es he ",#g !),ica/ *hich has 'een a"1e,ise" as a ,eamen .&, .i',&m)algia. In *& h&#san" se1en/ he F&&" an" (,#g A"minis,ai&n app,&1e" !),ica as he .i,s ",#g speci.icall) .&, he "isease. S#"ies in1&l1ing &ne h&#san" eigh h#n",e" paiens sh&*e" ha s&me paiens ha1e less pain a.e, a+ing he ",#g.
The F(A calle" !),ica an imp&,an "e1el&pmen in he .igh agains he "isease an" a ,eas&n .&, h&pe in paiens. A he same ime/ he agenc) sai" i is n& +n&*n *h) !),ica *&,+s. I als& sai" ha n& e1e,)&ne *h& &&+ he ",#g *as helpe". !),ica ca#ses si"e2e..ecs in s&me paiens/ incl#"ing p,&'lems *ih menal c&ncen,ai&n an" aeni&n.
The F(A has als& app,&1e" he ",#gs C)m'ala an" Sa1ella & ,ea .i',&m)algia in in"i1i"#als &1e, age eigheen.
3ail Ca*+*ell is a ,he#ma&l&gis *h& ,eas chil",en an" )&#ng pe&ple *ih a,h,iis an" .i',&m)algia. She is als& a Vice 0,esi"en a 0.i5e,. (&c&, Ca*+*ell &l" VOA ha .i',&m)algia is a 1e,) m)se,i&#s "isease ha has p,&1e" "i..ic#l & "iagn&se an" ,ea. She sa)s 0.i5e, 'elie1es !),ica helps "&c&,s ease hei, paiens pain an" &he, s)mp&ms. C!),icas p,ima,) e..ec *e 'elie1e is &n pain/ *e 'elie1e is &n calming "&*n e-cie" ne,1es/ an" is impac &n .i',&m)algia &1e,all is he,e 'e)&n" 6#s he pain &. .i',&m)algia.D
(&c&, Ca*+*ell sa)s she has ,eae" h&#san"s &. .i',&m)algia paiens in he pas .i.een )ea,s. She sa)s ha/ *ih g&&" me"icines/ "&c&,s can ma+e a ,eal "i..e,ence in he li1es &. pe&ple *ih .i',&m)algia. She sa)s paiens ma+e an e..&, & .in" &# *ha is happening in he '&") an" h&* & ge 'ee,.
%# she n&es ha pe&ple can 'e healh) &ne "a) an" he ne- "a) *a+e #p .eeling i,e" an" e1e,)hing h#,s. An"/ she a""s/ he "isease can las man) )ea,s/ e1en a li.eime.
!),ica is an imp&,an p,&"#c .&, 0.i5e,. In *& h&#san" en/ he ",#g p,&"#ce" h,ee 'illi&n "&lla,s in sales *&,l"*i"e. (&c&, Ca*+*ell sa)s 0.i5e, is s#")ing paiens *ih .i',&m)algia in China an" 9apan. An" she sa)s he c&mpan) is l&&+ing a *ha she calls C'i&2ma,+e,sD in pe&ple *ih .i',&m)algia. %i&2ma,+e,s help ,esea,che,s +n&* *ha is happening in he '&"ies &. pe&ple *ih a "isease &, me"ical c&n"ii&n. (&c&, Ca*+*ell sa)s i is imp&,an & .in" 'i&2ma,+e,s .&, .i',&m)algia. COne &. he ,eall) .,#s,aing hings .&, paiens *ih .i',&m)algia is ha he,es n&hing & meas#,e in la's &, in E2,a)s. An" s&meimes pe&ple hin+ i. )&# can meas#,e s&mehing hen ma)'e is n& ,eal. S& *e a,e l&&+ing a 'i&2ma,+e,s/ *e,e "&ing s&phisicae" E2,a)s/ li+e .#nci&nal M8I an" spec2scanning & #n"e,san" *ha happens in he ',ains &. paiens *ih .i',&m)algia *hen he) ha1e pain/ *ha happens & hei, ',ains *hen *e ,ea ha pain.D
(&c&, Ca*+*ell sa)s pe&ple a,e ,a,el) h&spiali5e" 'eca#se &. .i',&m)algia/ an" m&s paiens "& n& "ie .,&m i. She sa)s his is *h) i can 'e "i..ic#l & +n&* h&* man) pe&ple s#..e, .,&m he "isease.
8esea,che, %,ian Wali 'elie1es ha all &. he a"1e,ising .&, !),ica ma) 'e 'a" .&, pe&ple *ih .i',&m)algia. (&c&, Wali is he "i,ec&, &. he Fi',&m)algia 8esea,ch Cene, a 3e&,ge&*n H&spial Cene, in Washing&n/ (C. He is s#")ing si-)2 se1en paiens *ih he "isease. He is c,iical &. "&c&,s *h& l&&+ & ",#gs .i,s & help hei, .i',&m)algia paiens.
CM#ch &. *ha I "& is ac#all) ,em&1e pe&ple .,&m hei, me"icai&ns s& he) can ,emem'e, *ha he) *e,e li+e.D
(&c&, Wali sa)s he hea1) a"1e,ising &. a ",#g & ,ea .i',&m)algia ma) gi1e s&me pe&ple he i"ea ha i can 'e c#,e". He sa)s ha is n& ,eali). An" he sa)s s#"ies &. .i',&m)algia paiens ha1e sh&*n ha 1e,) .e* ge m#ch 'ee,/ an" s&me ge m#ch *&,se/ e1en *ih ,eamen. He sa)s i is *,&ng & e-pec ha paiens *ill a+e a ",#g an" all &. hei, s)mp&ms *ill g& a*a).
COne can p#,s#e &nes healh an" ,) & ge 'ee,/ '# & e-pec a c#,e is #nli+el) an" he 'es hing ha &ne can "& is s&p chasing c#,es an" "eal *ih he ,eali) &. &nes si#ai&n.D
(&c&, Wali sa)s ",#g man#.ac#,e,s ma,+e hei, ,eamens 'eca#se he) a,e c&nce,ne" a'&# ma+ing a p,&.i. He sa)s .i',&m)algia ",#gs a1aila'le &"a) a,e 1e,) limie"/ an" ",#g ma+e,s sh&#l" n& 'e selling a c#,e. He sa)s ha a ,e#,n & a happ) an" pain2.,ee li.e 'eca#se &. m&"e,n me"icine "&es n& mach he ,eali) &. .i',&m)algia.
(&c&, Wali sa)s he helps paiens #n"e,san" ha he) a,e n& al&ne in hei, s#..e,ing. He gi1es hem a 'ee, #n"e,san"ing &. he "isease an" sh&*s hem h&* &he,s ha1e .&#n" *a)s & li1e *ih i. Fi',&m)algia s#..e,e,s ha1e lea,ne" & en6&) he g&&" "a)s an" c&n,&l he pain &n he 'a" "a)s. The) ha1e c&me & accep he .ac ha a li.e *ih&# pain is p,&'a'l) n& p&ssi'le. H&*e1e,/ he,e a,e m&,e ,eamen ch&ices a1aila'le n&* han in he pas. As a ,es#l/ an imp,&1emen in he 4#ali) &. hei, li.e is p&ssi'le. 0aiens +n&* he) ma) 'e a'le & ,egain c&n,&l &. hei, li.e *ih he ,igh me"icine an" ') seing asi"e ime each "a) & ,es.
0e&ple *ih .i',&m)algia s)n",&me can lea" healh) an" p,&"#ci1e li1es. An" he) can ha1e l&ng an" s#ccess.#l ca,ee,s. E-pe,ience an" 'ee, science ha1e ma"e .i',&m)algia easie, & c&n,&l .&, man)/ e1en i. he,e is n& a c#,e.
In he *en) )ea,s since .i',&m)algia *as i"eni.ie" an" gi1en a name/ m#ch has 'een *,ien a'&# he "isease. M#ch .,ee an" *ell2"&c#mene" in.&,mai&n a'&# he "isease is a1aila'le. An" g,&#ps ha1e 'een c,eae" & help "&c&,s *h& ,ea he "isease an" paiens *h& s#..e, .,&m i.
(&c&, 8#ssell 8&hen'e,g sa)s he .##,e is l&&+ing ',ighe, .&, h&se *h& s#..e, .,&m .i',&m)algia.
CI "&n +n&* i. I 'elie1e ha he "isease *ill 'e c#,e" in m) li.eime/ '# I h&pe i *ill. %# I am "e.iniel) &pimisic a'&# h&* m) paiens a,e "&ing an" h&* he) *ill "& in he .##,e/ 'eca#se he science &. .i',&m)algia is g,&*ing/ s& as he science g,&*s *e,e g&ing & 'e 'ee, a'le & a+e ca,e &. hese paiens. The,es a lile 'i less g#ess*&,+ .&, me a his p&in. Thas *ha e-pe,ience an" science ',ing & he a'le. An" s&/ )es Im e-cie" a'&# he .##,e &. .i',&m)algia. We +n&* a l& m&,e a'&# i han *e "i" *hen i "i"n ha1e a "iagn&sis name.D