LPS331AP: MEMS Pressure Sensor: 260-1260 Mbar Absolute Digital Output Barometer
LPS331AP: MEMS Pressure Sensor: 260-1260 Mbar Absolute Digital Output Barometer
LPS331AP: MEMS Pressure Sensor: 260-1260 Mbar Absolute Digital Output Barometer
lead-free compliant
Applications
Indoor and outdoor navigation
Enhanced GPS for dead-reckoning
Altimeter and barometer for portable devices
Weather station equipment
Sport watches
Description
The LPS331AP is an ultra compact absolute
piezoresistive pressure sensor. It includes a
monolithic sensing element and an IC interface
able to take the information from the sensing
element and to provide a digital signal to the
external world.
The sensing element consists of a suspended
membrane realized inside a single mono-silicon
substrate. It is capable to detecting pressure and
is manufactured using a dedicated process
developed by ST, called VENSENS.
The VENSENS process allows to build a mono-
silicon membrane above an air cavity with
controlled gap and defined pressure. The
membrane is very small compared to the
traditionally built silicon micromachined
membranes. Membrane breakage is prevented by
an intrinsic mechanical stopper.
The IC interface is manufactured using a standard
CMOS process that allows a high level of
integration to design a dedicated circuit which is
trimmed to better match the sensing element
characteristics.
The LPS331AP is available in a small holed cap
land grid array (HCLGA) package and it is
guaranteed to operate over a temperature range
extending from -40 C to +85 C. The package is
holed to allow external pressure to reach the
sensing element.
HCLGA-16L
(3 x 3 x 1 mm)
Table 1. Device summary
Order codes Temperature range [C] Package Packing
LPS331APY
-40 to +85 HCLGA-16L
Tray
LPS331APTR Tape and reel
www.st.com
Contents LPS331AP
2/36 Doc ID 022112 Rev 7
Contents
1 Block diagram and pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1 LPS331AP block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Mechanical and electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1 Mechanical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3 Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1 Sensing element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 IC interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Factory calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4 Application hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1 Soldering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5 Digital interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.1 I2C serial interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.2 I2C serial interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.2.1 I2C operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.3 SPI bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.3.1 SPI read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.3.2 SPI write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.3.3 SPI read in 3-wires mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6 Register mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7 Register description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8 Package mechanical section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
9 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
LPS331AP Block diagram and pin description
Doc ID 022112 Rev 7 3/36
1 Block diagram and pin description
1.1 LPS331AP block diagram
Figure 1. LPS331AP block diagram
1.2 Pin description
Figure 2. Pin connection
AM08736V1
p
I
2
C
CS
SPI
SCL/SPC
SDA/SDO/SDI
SA0/SDO
Sensing
element
Temperature
sensor
Sensor bias
Voltage and
current bias
Clock and timing
D
S
P
f
o
r
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
a
t
i
o
n
A
D
C
+
d
i
g
i
t
a
l
f
i
l
t
e
r
L
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w
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i
s
e
a
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a
l
o
g
f
r
o
n
t
e
n
d
MUX
Vup
Rs
Rs
Rs
Rs
Vdown
Vout
AM08737V1
13 1
5
9
Pin 1 indicator
Bottom view
Block diagram and pin description LPS331AP
4/36 Doc ID 022112 Rev 7
Table 2. Pin description
Pin# Name Function
1 Vdd_IO Power supply for I/O pins
2 NC Not connected
3 NC Not connected
4
SCL
SPC
I
2
C serial clock (SCL)
SPI serial port clock (SPC)
5 GND 0 V supply
6
SDA
SDI
SDO
I
2
C serial data (SDA)
SPI serial data input (SDI)
3-wire interface serial data output (SDO)
7
SDO
SA0
SPI serial data output (SDO)
I
2
C less significant bit of the device address (SA0)
8 CS
SPI enable
I
2
C/SPI mode selection (1: I
2
C mode; 0: SPI enabled)
9 INT2 Interrupt 2 (or data ready)
10 Reserved Connect to GND
11 INT1 Interrupt 1 (or data ready)
12 GND 0 V supply
13 GND 0 V supply
14 VDD Power supply
15 VCCA Analog power supply
16 GND 0 V supply
LPS331AP Mechanical and electrical specifications
Doc ID 022112 Rev 7 5/36
2 Mechanical and electrical specifications
Conditions at V
DD
= 2.5 V, T = 25 C, unless otherwise noted.
2.1 Mechanical characteristics
.
Table 3. Mechanical characteristics
Symbol Parameter Test condition Min. Typ.
(1)
1. Typical specifications are not guaranteed.
Max. Unit
Top Operating temperature range -40 85 C
Tfull
Full accuracy temperature
range
0 80 C
Pop Operating pressure range 260 1260 mbar
Pbits Pressure output data 24 bits
Pres Pressure sensitivity 4096
LSB/
mbar
Paccrel
Relative accuracy over
pressure
(2)
2. Characterization data. Parameter not tested at final test
P = 800 to 1100 mbar
T= 25C
0.1 0.2 mbar
PaccT
Absolute accuracy pressure
over temperature
(3)
3. Embedded pwl compensation.
P = 800 to 1100 mbar
T = 0 +80 C
- 3.2 2 2.6 mbar
Pnoise Pressure noise See Table 17.
mbar
RMS
Tbits Temperature output data 16 bits
Tres Temperature sensitivity 480 LSB/C
Tacc Absolute accuracy temperature T= 0~+80 C 2 C
Mechanical and electrical specifications LPS331AP
6/36 Doc ID 022112 Rev 7
2.2 Electrical characteristics
Table 4. Electrical characteristics
Symbol Parameter Test condition Min. Typ.
(1)
1. Typical specifications are not guaranteed.
Max. Unit
Vdd Supply voltage 1.71 3.6 V
Vdd_IO IO supply voltage 1.71 3.6 V
Idd
Supply current @ ODRp 1 Hz and
ODRt = 1Hz
see Table 5 A
IddPdn
Supply current in power-down mode
T = 25 C
0.5 A
Table 5. Supply current at ODRp 1 Hz, ODRt 1 Hz
Symbol RES_CONF (hex) Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Idd
73 5.5
A
75 6.6
77 11.5
78 17.5
7A 30.0
LPS331AP Mechanical and electrical specifications
Doc ID 022112 Rev 7 7/36
2.3 Absolute maximum ratings
Stress above those listed as Absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to
the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device under these
conditions is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may
affect device reliability.
Note: Supply voltage on any pin should never exceed 4.8 V.
Table 6. Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol Ratings Maximum value Unit
Vdd Supply voltage -0.3 to 4.8 V
Vdd_IO I/O pins supply voltage -0.3 to 4.8 V
Vin Input voltage on any control pin -0.3 to Vdd_IO +0.3 V
P Overpressure 20 bar
T
STG
Storage temperature range -40 to +125 C
ESD Electrostatic discharge protection 2 (HBM) kV
This is a mechanical shock sensitive device, improper handling can cause permanent
damage to the part.
This is an ESD sensitive device, improper handling can cause permanent damage to
the part.
Functionality LPS331AP
8/36 Doc ID 022112 Rev 7
3 Functionality
The LPS331AP is a high resolution, digital output pressure sensor packaged in an HCLGA
holed package. The complete device includes a sensing element based on a piezoresistive
Wheatstone bridge approach, and an IC interface able to take the information from the
sensing element to the external world, as a digital signal.
3.1 Sensing element
An ST proprietary process is used to obtain a mono-silicon -sized membrane for MEMS
pressure sensors, without requiring substrate to substrate bonding. When pressure is
applied, the membrane deflection induces an imbalance in the Wheatstone bridge
piezoresistances, whose output signal is converted by the IC interface.
Intrinsic mechanical stoppers prevent breakage in case of pressure overstress, ensuring
measurement repeatability.
The pressure inside the buried cavity under the membrane is constant and controlled by
process parameters.
3.2 IC interface
The complete measurement chain consists of a low-noise capacitive amplifier, which
converts the resistive unbalance of the MEMS sensor into an analog voltage signal, and of
an analog-to-digital converter, which translates the produced signal into a digital bitstream.
The converter is coupled with a dedicated reconstruction filter which removes the high
frequency components of the quantization noise and provides low rate and high resolution
digital words.
The pressure data can be accessed through an I
2
C/SPI interface making the device
particularly suitable for direct interfacing with a microcontroller.
3.3 Factory calibration
The IC interface is factory calibrated at three temperatures and two pressures for sensitivity
and accuracy.
The trimming values are stored inside the device by a non-volatile structure. Whenever the
device is turned on, the trimming parameters are downloaded into the registers to be
employed during normal operation. This allows the user to employ the device without
requiring any further calibration.
LPS331AP Application hints
Doc ID 022112 Rev 7 9/36
4 Application hints
Figure 3. LPS331AP electrical connection
The device core is supplied through the Vdd line. Power supply decoupling capacitors (100
nF ceramic, 10 F aluminum) should be placed as near as possible to the supply pad of the
device (common design practice).
The functionality of the device and the measured data outputs are selectable and accessible
through the I
2
C/SPI interface. When using the I
2
C, CS must be tied high (i.e. connected to
Vdd_IO).
4.1 Soldering information
The HCLGA package is compliant with the ECOPACK
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK
is an ST trademark.
Figure 11. Package outline for HCLGA-16L (3 x 3 x 1 mm)
LPS331AP Package mechanical section
Doc ID 022112 Rev 7 33/36
Table 20. HCLGA-16L (3 x 3 x 1 mm) mechanical data
Figure 12. Tray information
Symbol
Millimeters
Min Typ Max
E1 2.850 3.000 3.150
E3 0
D1 2.850 3.000 3.150
D3 0.700
R1 0.400
A1 1.000
L1 1.000
N1 0.500
L2 2.000
N2 1.000
P1 0.875
P2 1.275
T1 0.350
T2 0.250
d 0.150
K 0.050
M 0.100
Package mechanical section LPS331AP
34/36 Doc ID 022112 Rev 7
Figure 13. Tape information
LPS331AP Revision history
Doc ID 022112 Rev 7 35/36
9 Revision history
Table 21. Document revision history
Date Revision Changes
12-Aug-2011 1 Initial release.
16-Aug-2011 2
Updated order code in Table 1: Device summary
Minor formatting and text modifications throughout the document
20-Oct-2011 3
Updated: features list, Table 3, Table 6, Section 4 and Section 7.
Added: Table 17, Figure 12 and Figure 13.
15-Dec-2011 4
Modified: minor text updates in the Features section, Table 3,
Table 4, Table 5, Section 3.1: Sensing element and Figure 11.
13-Jan-2012 5
Modified:
Temperature range in Table 1 from -20 to +105 to -40 to +85.
Temperature output data in register TEMP_OUT_H (2Ch) from
42.5 to 22.5.
PaccT test condition data in Table 3 from P = 260 to 1260 mbar
to P = 800 to 1100 mbar
Device operating range in Description on page 1 from -20 C to
+105 C to -40 C to +85 C
27-Feb-2012 6
Document status promoted from preliminary data to datasheet.
Modified:
Temperature output data in register TEMP_OUT_H (2Ch) from
22.5 to 42.5
Added register address in register DELTA_PRESS_XL (3Ch) and
modified register address in DELTA_PRESS_L from 3Dh to
3Eh.
29-Mar-2012 7
Modified the description for pin 14 inTable 2 and the list of
applications in the cover page.
LPS331AP
36/36 Doc ID 022112 Rev 7
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