Internship Report: Submitted By: Shahimulk Khattak EE103093

INTERNSHIP REPORT
SUBMITTED BY: SHAHIMULK KHATTAK

EE103093
Table of Contents
Contents
CHAPTER 1...............................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
1.1 COMPANY OVERVIWE....................................................................................................3
1.2 COTTON PREPARATION..................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2...............................................................................................................................5
WHITE COTTON THRASHING..............................................................................................5
2.1 BALE BREAKING AND MIXING:...................................................................................5
2.2 Carding.................................................................................................................................6
2.3 SPINNING...........................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 3...............................................................................................................................8
MANUFACTURING.................................................................................................................8
3.1 Winding................................................................................................................................8
3.2 Roving..................................................................................................................................8
3.3 RING FRAMES...................................................................................................................9
CHAPTER 4.............................................................................................................................10
SUMMARY.............................................................................................................................10
List of Figures
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
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2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
COTTON PREPARATION PROCESS..................................................4

Bale breaking and mixing..........................................................5
Carding................................................................................6
Spinning...............................................................................7
Winding...............................................................................8
Roving.................................................................................9
Ring frames..........................................................................9
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 COMPANY OVERVIWE
In 1979, Bibojee Group of Companies founded by a renowned industrialist of the country
Lt.Gen. (R) Habibullah Khan Khattak purchased the mills from Hoti family. This group of
companies is engaged in the manufacturing of a vast range of products, providing
employments to thousands of hands directly and many more indirectly through down-stream
industries and is making considerable contribution to the National exchequer and the GDP.
In 1979, Bibojee Group of Companies founded by a renowned industrialist of the country
Lt.Gen. (R) Habibullah Khan Khattak purchased the mills from Hoti family. This group of
companies is engaged in the manufacturing of a vast range of products, providing
employments to thousands of hands directly and many more indirectly through down-stream
industries and is making considerable contribution to the National exchequer and the GDP.
On transferred of the Management, the name of the mills was changed from The Yusafzai
Industries Limited to Rahman Cotton Mills Limited. At the time of acquisition, total
capacity of the mill was 25,000 spindles.
1.2 COTTON PREPARATION

Textile manufacturing is a major industry. It is based on the conversion of three types of fiber
into yarn, then fabric, then textiles. These are then fabricated into clothes or other artifacts.
Cotton remains the most important natural fiber, so is treated in depth. There are many
variable processes available at the spinning and fabric-forming stages coupled with the
complexities of the finishing and coloration processes to the production of a wide ranges of
products.
Cotton fabric manufacturing starts with the preparation of the yarn. Weaving is the oldest
method of making yarn into fabric. While modern methods are more complex and much
faster, the basic principle of interlacing yarns remains unchanged.
There are three basic weaves with numerous variations, and cotton can be used in all of them.
The plain weave, in which the filling is alternately passed over one warp yarn and under the
next, is used for gingham, percales, chambray, batistes and many other fabrics.
The twill weave, in which the yarns are interlaced to form diagonal ridges across the fabric, is
used for sturdy fabrics like denim, gabardine, herringbone and ticking.
The satin weave, the least common of the three, produces a smooth fabric with high sheen.
Used for cotton sateen, it is produced with fewer yarn interlacing and with either the warp or
filling yarns dominating the face of the cloth.
Figure 1: COTTON PREPARATION PROCESS
CHAPTER 2
WHITE COTTON THRASHING
2.1 BALE BREAKING AND MIXING:
Bake breaking and mixing or Blow room is very important machinery in the textile industry
which has many functions like opening, cleaning, dust removal, blending, recycling of waste
material. It is used as an opening step in textile industry where in opening it tear apart the
compressed and matted cotton until it is very much loosened and separated into small tufts
with a gentle treatment, and a fiber loss as small as possible. In cleaning Cotton contains up
to 18% trash in most cases. To clean the material it is unavoidable to remove as much fiber as
much waste. An often underestimated task of the blow room line is the removal of dust.
However, it is as important as the removal of impurities. Mixing generally meant as the
intermingling of different classes of fibers of the same grade
Figure 2: Bale breaking and mixing
2.2 Carding
Carding is a mechanical process that disentangles, cleans and intermixes fibers to produce a
continuous web or sliver suitable for subsequent processing. This is achieved by passing the
fibers between differentially moving surfaces covered with card clothing. It breaks up locks
and unorganized clumps of fiber and then aligns the individual fibers to be parallel with each
other. In preparing wool fiber for spinning, carding is the step that comes after teasing.
Figure 3: Carding
2.3 SPINNING
Spinning or Draw frame is a machine for combining and drawing slivers of a textile fiber (as
of hemp for rope manufacture or cotton for spinning) Drawing is the operation by which
slivers are blended, doubled and leveled. In short staple spinning the term is only applied to
the process at a draw frame.
In drawing slivers are elongated when passing through a group of pair rollers, each pair is
moving faster than previous one.
Figure 4: Spinning
CHAPTER 3
MANUFACTURING
3.1 Winding
Winding Combing is a method for preparing carded fiber for spinning. The combing is
divided into linear and circular combing. Noble comb is an example of circular combing.
French comb is an example of linear combing. The process of combing is accompanied by
Gilling - a process of evening out carded or combed top making it suitable for spinning.
Combing separates out the short fibers by means of a rotating ring or rectilinear row of steel
pins.
Figure 5: Winding
3.2 Roving
A roving is a long and narrow bundle of fiber. Rovings are produced during the process of
making spun yarn from wool fleece, raw cotton, or other fibers. Their main use is as fiber
prepared for spinning, but they may also be used for specialized kinds of knitting or other
textile arts.
Figure 6: Roving
3.3 RING FRAMES

Ring spinning is a method of spinning fibers, such as cotton, flax or wool, to make a yarn.
The ring frame developed from the throttle frame, which in its turn was a descendant of
Arkwright's water frame. Ring spinning is a continuous process, unlike mule spinning which
uses an intermittent action. In ring spinning, the roving is first attenuated by using drawing
rollers, then spun and wound around a rotating spindle which in its turn is contained within
an independently rotating ring flyer. Traditionally ring frames could only be used for the
coarser counts, but they could be attended by semi-skilled labor.
Figure 7: Ring frames
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CHAPTER 4
SUMMARY
Our task in administrative department encompassed on dealing with customers and
coworkers. And resultant presentation on quality of the Cotton that manufacture in this unit.
Next we were shifted to WCT department (White cotton threshing) where we observed waste
removal and cotton threshing to raw materials. In addition, how this is fine cut into rings and
recycling of waste products.Manufactureing department experience was inductive, as I
learned the procedure of assembly of cotton products, e.g. yean and fabric. Machine
controlling was perfect task assign to us where we learn how to troubleshoot and observe the
fault and how to forward fault to the concerned worker.
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INTERNSHIP REPORT

SUBMITTED BY: SHAHIMULK KHATTAK

COTTON PREPARATION PROCESS..................................................4

1.2 COTTON PREPARATION

Figure 1: COTTON PREPARATION PROCESS

Figure 2: Bale breaking and mixing

3.3 RING FRAMES

Figure 7: Ring frames

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