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Index

Sr. No. Content Page No.

1. Introduction To Textile Industry 7
2. Techniques Of Textile 8
Production
3. Uses Of Textile 15
4. R.M Mohite Industry 16
5. Conclusion 18
6. Reference 19
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Introduction

Maharashtra has an excellent infrastructure to play a key role in the growth of the textiles
industry. It accounts for about 65 million kg of cotton production which is 25% of the
country's total. The textile industry of the State holds a strategic importance in the country
as it is the single largest employer and contributes around 27% of India's total exports. The
state contributes 10.4 per cent to the country's textile and apparels output. Also, the state
accounts for 10.2 per cent of the country's employment in the sector. It produces nearly
272 million kg of cotton yarn or 12 per cent of India's total production. It has an installed
capacity of 1.66 million spindles, equivalent to 17 per cent of the country's capacity.

It also holds immense future potential in global markets, particularly in value added
segments like garments and ready-to-wear goods. Besides, the textile parks are being set
up in Maharashtra in order to maintain its leadership position in textile exports and
production. These Textile Parks are aimed to provide world class infrastructural
components for textile sector and enhance its productive capacity.

The phasing out of the export quota is expected to provide a fillip to the textile industry in
the country. With the global trade in textile and clothing expected to grow from US$ 356
billion at present to US$ 600 billion by 2010, the state has an opportunity to leverage its
existing strengths to capture a larger share of the textile market.

The state's key competitive advantage in the textile industry is the abundant availability of
raw material (cotton) and large base of a skilled workforce. The State Government is also
taking steps to strengthen the textile industry in the state by establishing textile parks at
Nagpur, Dhule and Ambernath. The key players in the state include Bombay Dyeing,
Century Textiles and Raymond.

Raymond plans to expand its denim manufacturing capacity at Yavatmal from 20 million
meters per annum to 30 million meters per annum at a total project cost of US$ 28 million.
Carrera Holding Inc proposes to set up a green-field textile project in the country with an
estimated investment of US$ 130 million at Kolhapur. The company has identified two
locations in India, one of which is the SEZ near JNPT port near Mumbai.
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FIBRE PROCESSING

The cotton fiber, the fleece from the sheep , and the flaxs must be processed to be
made ready for the Spinning plant. Raw cotton is put through the cotton gin, which
removes seeds and other impurities, Before the fiber is shipped in balesto the spinning
mill. Various mechanical and chemical operations Convert flax into spinnable linen fiber;
wool must be sorted, graded and scoured before it is ready for Milk processing into yarn .
Silk is unwound from cocoons after the silk gum is softened in warm water to permit
ready separation without rupturing the fine fibers . The continuous filaments are gathered
and twisted to form multifilament yarns , in a process known as throwing . Broken
filaments and waste are converted to staple for manufacture into spun silk yarns , in a
manner similar to that used for spinning cotton, wool , or linen fibers.

Synthetic fibers are supplied in either filament or staple form. The continuous
filament fiber is processed into yarn in the same manner as silk. Synthetic staple fiber,
which consist of short lengths of fiber , is processed as are raw cotton and wool before
spinning.
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SPINNING

Only twisting is required to process filament fiber into yarn, but staple fibers must be
carded to combine the fibers into a continuous ropelike form, combed to straighten the
long fibers, and drawn out into Continuous strands, which are then twisted to the desired
degree. In general, the amount of twist Given the yarns determine various characteristics.
Light twisting yields soft surfaced fabrics, whereas Hard twisted yarns produce hard
surfaced fabrics, which provide resistance to abrasion and are less Inclined to retain dirt
and wrinklies. Fabrics made from hard twisted yarns, however, are subject to greater
shrinkage.
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WEAVING

Woven cloth is normally much longer in one direction than the other. The lengthwise
threads are called the warp, and the other threads, which are combined with the warp and
lie widthwise, are called the weft (synonyms are “filling,” “woof,” and “shoot,” or
“shute”). An individual thread from the warp, of indefinite length, is called an end; each
individual length of weft, extending from one edge of the cloth to the other, is called a
pick, or shot. Consecutive picks are usually consecutive lengths of one piece of
weft yarn that is repeatedly folded back on itself.
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three basic motions of weaving

In all methods of weaving cloth (except the rudimentary form of darning), before a length
of weft is inserted in the warp, the warp is separated, over a short length extending from
the cloth already formed, into two sheets. The process is called shedding and the
space between the sheets the shed. A pick of weft is then laid between the two sheets of
warp, in the operation known as picking. A new shed is then formed in accordance with
the desired weave structure, with some or all of the ends in each sheet moving over to the
position previously occupied by the other sheet. In this way the weft is clasped between
two layers of warp.

Since it is not possible to lay the weft close to the junction of the warp and the cloth
already woven, a further operation called beating in, or beating up, is necessary to push the
pick to the desired distance away from the last one inserted previously. Although beating
in usually takes place while the shed is changing, it is normally completed before the new
shed is fully formed.

The sequence of primary operations in one weaving cycle is thus shedding, picking, and
beating in. At the end of the cycle the geometrical relation of the pick to the warp is the
same as it would have been if the pick had been threaded through the spaces
between alternate ends, first from one side of the cloth and then from the other, as in
darning. This is the reason the weaving process is considered an interlacing method.
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KNITTING MACHINES

Knitting, which originated with the knotting of fishnets and snares by ancient people , is
the craft of forming a fabric by the interlocking of yarn in a series of connected loops by
means of hand or mechanized needles .the craft of knitting was introduced into continental
Europe by the Arabs in the 5th century ,and flourished in England and Scotland in the 14th
and 15th centuries’ Scots have claimed both its introduction into Frans.

All knitting was done by hand until 1589 , when the English clergyman William lee
invented a machine that could knit shocking .Queen Elizabeth 1of England refused lee a
potent for his machine ,considering a new invention a threat to many of the hand knitters
in the country .The machine was however used in the other countries ,and paved the way
for other improvements .

The first edition came in 1758,when a British cotton spinner ,Jedediah strut ,invented an
attachment to the stocking frame that could produce ribbed fabric .

In the early century 19th century the British engineer marc Islamabad brunel invented a
circular knitting frame, to which he gave the name tricoteur. The improved machine was
capable of shaping the heels and toes of hosiery, and laid the foundation for the modern
full fashioned machines .
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DYING AND PRINTING

Textiles may be dyed in number of ways. the fabric can be dyed after weaving or
knitting is completed, the loose fibres can be dyed in a vat ,or the yarn or filament can be
dyed before weaving or knitting is begun .Synthetic yarns can also precooled by
incorporating color pigments in the spinning solution before the filaments are extruded
through the spinneret.

The principal method of printing design on textile is intaglio roller printing. In those
process, the design is etched on copper roll, a separate roll for each color in the design ,the
depressions are filled with printing paste and the fabric then passes through the rolls
another method of printing fabrics is relief roller printing.in this process , the design is
,raised away from the surface of the roll , and the raised portions are covered with ink This
is also called his is also called surface, peg, block or kiss printing .

Screen printing is accomplished with a design stencilled on flat or roller screen. The
screen is placed over the fabric and color is applied by squeegeeing it through the
openings in the stencil. Hand screen printing is being replaced by automatic machine by
see printing techniques.
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OTHER FINISHING PROCESSES

In addition to coloring and printing, other finishes applied to the fabric to improve
its appearance and service include treatment to promote crease resistance in such textiles
as cotton, linen, and spun rayon which do not have the elasticity of silk and wool. The
latest developments in crease resistant finishes are the so-called durable press o permanent
press, finishes. In addition to wrinkle resistance these finishes impart permanent creases
where decide, as in slacks. resistance to shrinking, staining and soling also may be
provided by various chemical treatments. other finishing processes protect against slipping
of threads or damage by mildew, moths or flame.
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USES OF TEXTILES

In addition to clothing and home furnishing, textiles are used for such industrial products
are filters for air conditioners, life rafts, conveyor belts, tents, automobile tyres ,
swimming pools , safety helmets , and mine ventilators .

In many applications, textiles with protective plastic coatings greater suppleness, lighter
weight, better performs than metals. although all types of fibers are used for such
products, many industrial products use a combination of synthetic fibers with mildew
proof, quick drying properties, and the less expensive cotton backing provides bulk and
stability. for the artistic use of textiles.
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Mohite Industries Ltd. (formerly known as R M Mohite Industries Limited) is a

company promoted by Mohite Family in the year 1990, with a view to diversify from their
ancestral business of construction of earthen dams. The company's Textile manufacturing
unit is spread over 35 acers at Vadgaon near Kolhapur. The company has expanded its
capacity with most modern latest and sophisticated machines. The state of the art
machinery and technology has been supplied by the reputed and renowned world class
leaders In textile machinery like RIETER, SCHLAFHORST, LUWA, VOLKMANN,
USTER etc…
The premium quality yarn produced in our plant is exported to our prestigious
customers in various countries. We also provide support to our Suppliers to develop the
required quality of raw material required for achievement of our goals, thus making them
our team member. The group is consistent in supply of yarn mfg. strictly as per
specifications received by them and continuously strive to innovate, maintain highest
standards of quality to meet the requirements of buyers and to motivate best results. Our R
& D solutions are designed to provide maximum benefit of our technical experience and
competence to fulfill the unique and specialized needs of each customer. The dynamism of
the company has always prompted "MOHITE" to seek and conquer new horizons, new
challenges and new markets.
Mohite Industries Ltd. is manufacturing and exporting 100% cotton yam of the
count range between 20's and 60's. The unit commenced production in 1995. The company
has opted to modernize its plant by replacing machinery installed in 1995. After
completion of its expansion and modernization, the company has installed capacity of
35216 spindles.
The company has also ventured in manufacturing of gray knitted fabric by installing
various types of knitting machines. The grey fabric manufactured has got high demand in
the market and the company is planning to install facilities for processing of fabric.
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TEXTILE

SPINNING UNIT AT VADGAON, KOLHAPUR, MAHARASHTRA.

Mohite Industries Ltd. has expanded its capacity with most modern and sophisticated
machines. The state of art of machinery and technology has been supplied by the reputed
and renowned world class leaders in textile machinery like RIETER, SCHLAFHORST,
LUWA, VOLKMANN, USTER etc.

The company has installed capacity of 35,216 spindles. Out of this, 10080 spindles are
used for compact yarn. The company is manufacturing cotton yarn including slub yarn of
the count range between 20's and 100's. Also the company has 22 TFOs, 2 OE Machines
with 640 Rotors producing count range between 5's and 10's.
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Conclusion…..

A huge window of opportunity has opened up for the Indian textile industry which
is fast closing up. Various players need to get act together. It's now for players to make
investments in building the capacities and making them integrated manufacturers. They
need to invest more in R&D. This is the only way they can compete with the Chinese
dragon.
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Reference
http://www.ntgi.net
http://www.utexas.edu
http://www.textilemuseum.org