One Component System Examples of One Component System: VSG & Ky 11/21/2014
One Component System Examples of One Component System: VSG & Ky 11/21/2014
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F= C P + 2
=11+2
F= 2
The system is bivariant, which means both pressure and temperature
has to be specified to define the point completely.
Lines under consideration:
(i) OA Vapourisation / Condensation curve
(ii) OC - Melting / Freezing curve
(iii) OB - Sublimation curve
(iv) OA- Meta Stable curve
Vapourisation curve
H2O(liq) H2O(gas)
This curve is also called as vapour pressure curve.
In a closed vessel from which all the air has been removed, along this
line, water and vapour are in equilibrium.
Consider a point v on the line, at this point C = 1, P = 2 (water and
vapour)
Applying phase rule to v
F= C P + 2 = 1 2 + 2
F=1
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Above this point the liquid and gaseous phases merge together
(becomes like mist)
System is monovariant
The line OC is inclined towards the pressure axis.
The slight inclination of the curve towards Y axis shows that the
melting point of ice decreases with increase in pressure.
Ice is less denser than water. Hence the liquid state is more compact
than the solid state.
This is also indicated by the sloping of the freezing curve towards
pressure axis.
Sublimation curve
H2O(solid) H2O(gas)
Along OB Solid and gas are in equilibrium
Consider a point S on the line, at this point C = 1, P = 2 (ice and
gas)
Applying phase rule to S
F= C P + 2
=12+2
F=1
System is monovariant
VSG & KY
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Metastable curve
H2O(super cooled
liq)
H2O(gas)
H2O(liq)
H2O(gas)
VSG & KY
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of
the Equilibrium
F=C-P+2
Nature of the
system
1(Solid)
1(Liquid)
1(gas)
2
2
2
Bivariant
Bivariant
Bivariant
Areas
BOC
AOC
AOB
Lines / Curves
OC Melting curve
H2O(s) H2O(l)
2 (S&L)
Monovariant
OA Vaporisation
curve
H2O(l) H2O(g)
2 (L&G)
Monovariant
OB
Sublimation
curve
H2O(s) H2O(g)
2 (S&G)
Monovariant
2 (L&G)
Monovariant
Nonvariant
Point
O Triple point
VSG & KY
H2O(s) H2O(l)
H2O(g)
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Ice
Loosely
packed
hence
less
dense
Water
Tightly
packed
hence
more
dense
Ice floating on water
VSG & KY
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