Rsa Jambi

Republic of Indonesia
Ministry of Public Works

Directorate General of Highways
Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project

(SRIP)
Technical assistance for Core Team Consultant (CTC)
To Support the Management Unit

Under IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND
PALMERAH RING ROAD JAMBI

ROAD SAFETY AUDIT REPORT
FINAL DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION
FEBRUARY 2012
Table of Contents
1.
Summary in Bahasa................................................................................................. ii
2.
Introduction
2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
2.6.
2.7.
2.8.
2.9.
2.10.
3.
4.
Audit Process ............................................................................................

SRIP
.......................................................................................................
Objectives of the Road Safety Audit Report ................................................
Project Location .........................................................................................
Project Information
.................................................................................
Plans and Documents
......................................................................
Traffic Volumes
.................................................................................
Members of the Audit Team ......................................................................
Site Visit ......................................................................................................
Completed Sections.....................................................................................
Problems and Recommendations

3.1. Existing Pavement Conditions......................................................................
3.2. Pavement Materials .................................................................................
3.3. Completed Section Safety Issues................................................................
3.4. Bends...........................................................................................................
3.5. Junctions......................................................................................................
3.6. Road-Side Activity........................................................................................
3.7. Narrow Road ...........................................................................................
3.8. Guard rail
.............................................................................................
1
1
2
2
2
5
5
5
5
7
9
14
16
20
24
42
44
44
Road Safety Audit of Construction

4.1. Inadequate Safety Culture
........................................................................ 48
Appendix A. References .............................................................................................
50
Appendix B. Safety Concerns at Roadworks - English ..........................................
51
Appendix C. Safety Concerns at Roadworks Bahasa...........................................
52
Appendix D. Maintenance of Traffic Flow
53
..
Appendix F. High specification of traffic lights and Equipment from DGLT........... 54
Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP)
Road Safety Audit
IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND/7786-ID
Palmerah Ring Road Jambi
Kesimpulan Permasalahan dan rekomendasi dalam Bahasa

Indonesia
Kondisi Perkerasan yang ada saat ini
Permasalahan
Perkerasan yang ada saat dalam kondisi sangat memprihatinkan di banyak lokasi dan
banyak yang rusak di berbagai tempat. Hal ini menyebabkan kondisi yang sangat kacau
pada saat ini dan menimbulkan banyak masalah, terutama menyulitkan untuk kendaraan
besar seperti truk sehingga menimbulkan kemacetan.
Semua masalah ini memiliki akibat terhadap keselamatan dijalan karena mereka
menyebabkan kelelahan kepada pengemudi kendaraan dan kemungkinan terjadi
kecelakaan antara truk-truk besar dan sepeda motor maupun pengendara ataupun
pengguna jalan lainnya.
Kondisi tersebut juga tidak dapat ditoleransi untuk pejalan kaki di banyak lokasi, tapi
untungnya pada saat survey dilapangan hanya terlihat beberapa pejalan kaki.
Rekomendasi
Kontraktor sekarang memiliki tugas untuk menjaga jalan yang ada dalam kondisi
aman dan perlu menjadi prioritas utama untuk staf dan peralatan.
Prioritas terhadap kondisi jalan yang terburuk dan ditangani dengan cepat.
Hubungan dengan polisi lalulintas setempat sangat diperlukan untuk memastikan
keputusan yang terbaik dalam pengaturan lalulintas karena mereka aktif berada
dilapangan.
Masalah terhadap hasil galian lubang harus diselesaikan secepatnya.
Bahan Perkerasan
Permasalahan.
Selama pertemuan dengan Engineer Pengawasan dan Kontraktor, ada banyak

diskusi tentang kesulitan menentukan bahan perkerasan yang benar untuk
memperbaiki atau membangun kembali jalan.
Bahan untuk rekonstruksi adalah AC-WC, AC-BC, AC-Base, Base Class Agregat A,
Base Kelas B dan timbunan pilihan.
Pengawas Lapangan menunjukkan bahwa material timbunan pilihan harus diubah
dengan menggunakan kerikil yang berpasir.
Drainase yang buruk sangat berkontribusi pada masalah kerusakan perkerasan di
lokasi.
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Road Safety Audit
Rekomendasi
Spesifikasi untuk bahan yang paling efektif dan metode kerja perlu disepakati
secepatnya oleh pihak yang terkait, dan dimungkinkan dalam justifikasi teknis pada
saat ini.
Keamanan dijalan pada Bagian jalan yang Sudah Diperbaiki

Permasalahan.
Ada kekhawatiran tentang masalah keselamatan di jalan pada bagian jalan yang sudah
dikerjakan oleh proyek APBN 2011 yang dilontarkan oleh Bank Dunia, pengamatan
dilapangan dengan desain yang ada perlu dikembangkan lebih lanjut karean sangat
berkesinambungan dengan jalan yang akan diperbaiki melalui proyek SRIP.
Isu-isu keselamatan meliputi:
Pemasangan zona sekolah, (lihat juga 2.10 di atas)
Penyelesaian persimpangan pada STA 16+415
Pedestrian fasilitas
Konstruksi Bahu jalan
Pulau-pulau yang sudah didesain dan penyeberangan banyak yang tidak dikerjakan pada
loksai persimpangan. Site engineer menyatakan bahwa persimpangan ini tidak akan
memperbaiki persimpangan tersebut di bawah proyek SRIP saat ini. Dan juga menunjuk
pada Surat Bank Dunia tanggal 1 Juni 2011 khusus meminta untuk memproteksi pipa
Pertamina di lokasi ini.
Kemungkinan persimpangan tersebut tidak dikerjakan sesuai dengan desain aslinya.
Fasilitas pejalan kaki.

Permasalahan.
Masyarakat setempat sudah mencoba untuk meningkatkan rambu rambu peringatan
pada lokasi yang banyak pejalan kaki agar terjadi perlambatan kendaraan yang berlalu
lintas dengan berbagai macam cara. Ini seharusnya dilakukan dengan benar oleh
desainer
Konstruksi bahu jalan.

Permasalahan.
beberapa tipikal bahu jalan sudah banyak yang rusak yang disebabkan kendaraan berat.
Konstruksi bahu jalan tersebut (APBN proyek), terdiri atas Agregat Kelas B yang ditutup
dengan lapisan laburan Satu lapis (Burtu).
Bahan yang diusulkan untuk bahu di BOQ SRIP adalah Agregat kelas S dan terbuka, jadi
bahu jalan yang ada dalam SRIP lebih buruk daripada konstruksi bahu jalan yang sudah
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Road Safety Audit
selesai yang didanai dengan anggaran APBN. Meskipun proyek APBN baru selesai pada
Desember 2011, namun banyak bahu jalan yang sudah rusak. Ini bukan pertanda baik
untuk desain bahu yang diusulkan.
Rekomendasi
Diskusi perlu dilakukan antara instansi terkait untuk menyepakati pekerjaan tambahan di
lokasi yang sudah dikerjakan dengan anggaran APBN, pekerjaan tersebut adalah
sebagai berikut:
Zona Sekolah perlu diaplikasikan pada STA.17 +000 dan STA.3+300.
Rambu lalulintas perlu di tambah serta rumble strip perlu dipasang pada tempat
penyeberangan dan menuju lokasi yang padat penduduk untuk menggantikan
rambu buatan sementara.
Simpang pada STA 16+415 perlu dikerjakan sesuai desain jalan pada gambar
kontrak SRIP.
Kegagalan konstruksi bahu jalan pada proyek APBN dapat dijadikan bahan
pertimbangan pada proyek SRIP sebagai berikut:
Tikungan pada proyek SRIP perlu didesain kembali , ini merupakan penerapan
terbaik yang sudah dilakukan oleh proyek APBN dengan menggunakan marka dan
patok pengarah.
Desain Bahu jalan perlu ditinjau untuk menghindari kegagalan yang telah terjadi
pada proyek APBN.
Tikungan
Permasalahan.
Ada banyak tikungan di ruas jalan ini dengan berbagai macam Rambu-rambu yang
bermacam-macam namun indikasi tersebut tidak didetailkan dalam pemasangan guard
rail.
Beberapa tikungan tajam tidak ada rambu peringatan yang sesuai hanya rambu
tikungan saja yang diletakan sebelum tikungan (Tidak ada rambu penunjang
lainnya)
Jarak Antar patok pengarah tidak didetailkan dalam gambar untuk diterapkan pada
lokasi yang membutuhkan.
Ada beberapa rambu arah namun tidak dilengkapi dengan patok pengarah.
250 unit patok pengarah di BOQ tanpa informasi di mana patok tersebut akan
diletakan.
Ada banyak tikungan yang membutuhkan delineasi baik seperti rambu-rambu
peringatan namun tidak memberikan informasi yang cukup bila berdiri sendiri.
Ada juga beberapa daerah timbunan dan lokasi gorong-gorong yang perlu
dilengkapi patok pengarah.
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Road Safety Audit
Rekomendasi
Jarak patok pengarah perlu disusun dan digambar untuk menentukan banyaknya
patok pengarah yang dibutuhkan pada tikungan, timbunan ataupun gorong-gorong
sehingga jumlah total kebutuhan tersebut dapat dipastikani dalam BOQ.
Persimpangan Secara Umum

Permasalahan.
Desain persimpangan dan konstruksi di Indonesia biasanya memiliki kelemahan yang
menyebabkan masalah keselamatan, terutama untuk pejalan kaki. Hal ini dapat diamati
dengan melihat persimpangan yang ada di Jambi dan desain yang diusulkan untuk
persimpangan.
Lansekap adalah manfaat besar bagi lingkungan dan memiliki efek "menenangkan" pada
pengendara yang baik untuk keselamatan tetapi juga menyebabkan banyak
permasalahan. Seperti halnya menghambat pergerakan pejalan kaki serta membuat
rambu-rambu jalan tidak terlihat.
Rekomendasi
Perawatan tanaman harus dilakukan di setiap persimpangan untuk memastikan

tidak menhambat gerakan pejalan kaki yang aman terutama pada pulau-pulau
yang indah dipersimpangan.
Pertamanan dan penanaman jangan sampai menghalangi rambu-rambu jalan
atau pejalan kaki pada saat penanaman atau di masa depan.
Penanaman harus direncanakan dengan kesadaran akan pemeliharaan dimasa
mendatang untuk meminimalkan masalah keamanan kepada pengguna jalan
dan pekerja pemeliharaan tanaman.
Pertamanan selalu membutuhkan pekerjaan pemeliharaan yang rutin. Perlu
pelatihan khusus terhadap para pekerja pemeliharaan tanaman ditengah tengah
kesibukan lalulintas yang sangat tinggi agar dapat bekerja secara aman dan
untuk mengenakan pakaian yang mudah dilihat.
Persimpangan STA 0+000

Permasalahan.
Leher sempit yang diusulkan di awal jalan lingkar akan menyebabkan konflik serius.
Pulau-pulau indah yang diusulkan akan menimbulkan masalah serius bagi
pergerakan pejalan kaki.
Fase Sinyalisasi menunjukkan konflik antara pejalan kaki dan kendaraan.
Tidak ada detil gambar lampu lalulintas cukup untuk memastikan lokasi yang tepat
serta standard lampu yang berspesifikasi tinggi. Lihat lampiran F
Tidak ada jalur atau halte bus..
Ada median kaki Jambi tidak jauh dari persimpangan yang tampaknya tidak
digambarkan dalam desain.
Road Safety Audit
Rekomendasi
Pulau-pulau indah yang diusulkan dan penyeberangan harus didesain ulang untuk
memastikan pergerakan pejalan kaki mudah dan aman dan pendekatan yang lebih
luas untuk bypass.
Fase Sinyalisasi harus direvisi kembali masih adanya konflik antara pejalan kaki
dan kendaraan
Lokasi lampu lalulintas serta spesifikasinya berikut ukuran lampu harus ditentukan
dengan standar yang tinggi serta penambahan lampu lalulintas kedua (secondary
Traffic light) , Digital penghitung waktu dan lampu harus mempunyai pencahayaan
yang sangat baik (LED Lamps). Lihat lampiran F
Tambahkan halte bis.
Desain dari pulau pulau harus ditinjau kembali dan digambarkan sesuai kondisi
kondisi existing.
Digital penghitung waktu sangat diperlukan karena baik untuk visibilitas Terutama
di malam hari.
Persimpangan Sta. 8+450

Permasalahan
Pulau-pulau indah yang diusulkan akan menimbulkan masalah serius bagi

pergerakan pejalan kaki.
Fase Sinyalisasi menunjukkan konflik antara pejalan kaki dan kendaraan.
Tidak ada detil gambar lampu lalulintas cukup untuk memastikan lokasi yang tepat
serta standard lampu yang berspesifikasi tinggi. Lihat lampiran F
Tidak ada jalur atau halte bus..
Rekomendasi
memastikan pergerakan pejalan kaki mudah dan aman.
Fase sinyalisasi harus direvisi untuk menunjukan semua pergerakan dan fase.
Persimpangan Sta. 16+415

Permasalahan.
Persimpangan dengan pulau-pulau belum dibangun pada proyek APBN dan Bank
Dunia meminta untuk memproteksi pipa pertamina.
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Road Safety Audit
Rekomendasi
Diskusi harus diadakan antara pihak yang berkepentingan untuk memastikan

persimpangan selesai dalam satu proyek atau lain.
Memastikan perlindungan pipa Pertamina segera dilaksanakan
Persimpangan Sta. 18+ 440

Permasalahan.
Desain untuk penyeberangan bagi Pejalan kaki, pulau dan pertamanan sangat
buruk.
Penyeberangan yang diusulkan dan pulau-pulau indah yang sangat buruk dalam
gambar dan tidak memungkinkan untuk gerakan pejalan kaki yang sebenarnya
diharapkan.
Fase sinyalisasi tidak cukup untuk menunjukkan semua gerakan pejalan kaki.
Detail Lampu lalulintas tidak mengggambarkan penempatan lampu yang optimal
dan spesifikasi tinggi.
Rekomendasi
memastikan pergerakan pejalan kaki mudah dan aman
Fase sinyalisasi harus direvisi untuk menunjukan semua pergerakan dan fase.
Persimpangan Sta. 22 +550

Permasalahan
Penyeberangan diusulkan dan pulau yang indah tidak memungkinkan untuk

gerakan pejalan kaki yang sebenarnya diharapkan
Rekomendasi
Kegiatan Disekitar Ruas Jalan

Permasalahan.
Truk membentuk persentase yang sangat tinggi dari pergerakan lalu lintas tetapi mereka
juga sering berhenti di bahu atau di luar bahu di berbagai lokasi depot peralatan berat
dan lapangan. Banyak truk yang kelebihan muatan yang diijinkan. Hal ini menyebabkan
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Road Safety Audit
kerusakan ekstrim pada jalan lama dan telah menyebabkan kerusakan pad bahu jalan
yang baru.
Desain yang diusulkan dan metode konstruksi tidak memperhitungkan kebutuhan sopir
truk untuk berhenti dan mereka tampaknya mengabaikan potensi kerusakan yang sangat
serius.
Rekomendasi
Struktur jalan harus harus dirancang untuk dengan berdasarkan kendaraan berat
yang melalui jalan tersebut dan ini harus mencakup desain sebagai berikut;
Bahu jalan yang diperkeras agar dapat dilewati oleh truk biasa, termasuk akses ke
depot.
Desain dan konstruksi area istirahat dan jalur bis.
Jembatan timbang harus dimasukan ke proyek atau direncanakan pada proyek
berikutnya.
Badan Jalan yang Menyempit

Permasalahan.
Tidak ada Detail desain pada lokasi jalan yang menyempit. Kondisi ini sangat
berbahaya bagi pengguna jalan dimana kecepatan kendaraan harus diperlambat
(Dari arah utara ke selatan), meletakan awal atau akhir median jalan harus
diperhitungkan karena akan sangat berbahaya bila awal median hampir dekat
dengan tikungan (dari selatan ke utara).
Rekomendasi
Marka arsir pada jalan yang menyempit harus ditambahkan.

Median harus diperpanjang atau dikurangi sampai tikungan awal (dari selatan ke
utara).
Guard Rail
Permasalahan
Banyak sisi jalan yang terjal dengan bahu sempit serta tersembunyi di banyak
tempat dan juga tidak bisa dilihat pada gambar kontrak.
Rekomendasi
Tim lapangan harus mensurvey kembali untuk mengetahui lokasi dimana tempat
tempat yang terjal ada ruas jalan tersebut. Apabila beda tingginya melebihi dari 2
meter maka harus di desain dengan detail yang baik dengan menggunakan guard
rail.
Guard rail harus dipasang untuk melindungi pengguna jalan.
Ada peningkatan pada proyek APBN di link jalan yang sama, tapi masih tidak
memadai karena hanya menggunakan patok pengarah.
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Road Safety Audit
Budaya Keselamatan jalan yang Tidak Memadai

Permasalahan
Hanya sedikit atau tidak ada peringatan pad zona konstruksi baik di awal proyek
atau di mana pekerjaan konstruksi dilakukan.
Hanya Site Engineer & Survei staf dari konsultan yang memakai pakaian dengan
visibilitas keselamatan yang tinggi.
Rekomendasi
Manajemen lalu lintas harus ditingkatkan khususnya pada awal dan akhir proyek,
seperti ; Memasang papan proyek, Rambu Peringatan, pemasangan barier
(kerucut) serta memoperbanyak jumlah kerucut yang digunakan.
Harus ada upaya langsung untuk meningkatkan jumlah pekerja yang mengenakan
pakaian keselamatan jaket safety.
Staf pengawas Kontraktor harus menerapkan contoh yang baik dengan selalu
mengenakan pakaian keselamatan di lapangan.
Ikuti instruksi dalam spesifikasi kontrak dan saran yang diberikan dalam Lampiran
B&C
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Road Safety Audit
1.
Introduction
2.1. Audit Process

Road Safety Audit (RSA) can be defined as a formal examination of a highway or
traffic project in which an independent qualified auditor or team of auditors reports on
the road safety problems associated with the designs or construction of the project and
makes recommendations on improvements.
It started in the UK some twenty years ago and is now common practice around the
world. There are several Road Safety Audit Guidelines that are used as standard
practice for Audits around the World; an adaption of the Australian Guidelines are
currently used in Indonesia
Audits can be carried out at various stages and arguably the earlier the better:
Feasibility
Preliminary Design
Final Design
Construction
Pre-Opening
Existing Road
2.2. SRIP
The Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP) was developed to meet the
increasing traffic demand and institutional requirements following easing of the 1997
financial crisis in 2001. SRIP, which is supported by the World Bank under IBRD Loan
4834-IND, is being implemented by the Directorate General of Highways within the
Ministry of Public Works over the five-year Loan period following its effectiveness date
of 01 November 2007. Project implementation was initially scheduled to be complete by
the end of 2011 but has now been extended to the end of June 2013.
SRIP originally included twenty two (22) Civil Works packages of road betterment,
capacity expansion and new roads & bridges, encompassing urban and inter - urban
National Roads in 7 provinces (4 provinces on Java and 3 provinces on Sumatra) and
included a trial Performance Based Contract (PBC). The scope of civil works however
has now been reduced to nineteen (19) packages after dropping two civil works
packages and PBC. Details for these packages are given in Appendix A. The
Implementation Support Component includes two (2) road safety components: the
Integrated Road Safety Management System (IRSMS-1) for the Directorate General of
Land Transport (DGLT) and IRSMS-2 for the Indonesian National Traffic Police Corp.
SRIP project implementation was initially supported by four key consulting assignments:
(i) Core Team Consultants (CTC); (ii) Construction Supervision Consultants for nonMetropolitan roads (CSC-1); (iii) Construction Supervision Consultants for Metropolitan
roads (CSC-2); and (iv) Procurement Advisor, which has now been demobilised. The
1
Road Safety Audit
original Core Team Consultants responsibilities included a pilot road safety audit on
Semarang Demak and following the successful completion of this audit, the scope of
works was modified to include road safety audits on all SRIP packages.
2.3. Objectives of the Road Safety Audit Report

The objectives of this Road Safety Audit report are to summarise the systematic
review/checking of the safety aspects of the completed road plans (DED plans), traffic
schemes and list the Problems and make feasible Recommendations for
improvements to the designs and construction process.
2.4. Project Location Plan

The proposed bypass project is shown below
Project Map Showing Partial Completion & SRIP Sections
2.5. Project Information

Approximately half the original SRIP project has already been completed with local
funding, see Project Location Map above and transition between uncompleted and
completed in photo below.
2
Road Safety Audit
Start of
completed
section STA
6+400
Typical completed section shown above and typical cross-sections of proposed SRIP
project are shown below:
Road Safety Audit
Road Safety Audit
2.6. Plans and Documents

The documents used in this audit were the contract drawings dated April 2011, but only
December 2007 documents were in site office. The project has changed dramatically
since original designs and aproximately half is already completed with local funding.
Contract Drawings Used for Audit (2011) & On Site (2007)
2.7. Traffic Volumes

The existing road section has a high volume of traffic, mainly heavy trucks carrying coal
and palm oil, or empty, and a small but important number of vulnerable road users;
motorcyclists and pedestrians.
The high volume of traffic in the area reinforces the need to provide a safe road.
2.8. Members of the Audit Team

The road safety audit team members are from the Core Team Consultants of SRIP:
Mike Goodge
Agus Herudianto
Senior Road Safety Audit Engineer

Road Safety Audit Engineer
2.9. Site Visit

The site was visited on 18th January, during daylight hours and darkness and travelled
in both directions. The weather was fine.
The contractors only mobilised a few weeks back and only a few graders and trucks
were in evidence, forming drainage channels at a few locations
Road Safety Audit
Meetings were held with on the project and in the site office with the following:
Mr Idwan Rozanova, Supervision Engineer
Mr Suyadi, Quality Engineer
Mr Edi Sunaryo, Chief Inspector
Mr Edi Susanto, Contractor
Mr Ariansyah, Contractor
Start of Site Visit near End Junction STA 22+550
Office Meeting:
Reviewing Junctions
& Pavement Material Tests

6
Road Safety Audit
Reviewing Junction 8+450
& Pavement Material Test Site
Night-time
Visit
2.10
Completed Sections
In a letter dated June 1, 2011, to Mr Harris Batubara, (Director of Planning, Directorate

General of Highways), Mr Mitsuyoshi Asada, (World Bank Task Team Leader SRIP)
suggested several measures still need to be carried out on the completed section
including: that the project provide school safety zones for two schools, (sekolah Dasar
Negeri 211/IV in Kota Baru and Sekolah Dasar Negeri 207/IV in Kecematan Jambi
Selatan) that have direct access to the road to provide safe access for school children.
The locations of these two schools are shown in the photos below.
School at STA.3+300
7
Road Safety Audit
School at STA.17+000
The World Bank letter also requested protection of the Pertamina pipe at Kenali
intersection STA 16+415, see below.
Road Safety Audit
2.
Problems and Recommendations
3.1 Existing Pavement Conditions

Problem
The existing pavement is in very poor condition at many locations and extremely
damaged in others. This is causing very chaotic conditions at times and many problems,
mainly to trucks, involving congestion, getting stuck, breaking down and over-turning.
Congestion & Extremely Bad Road Condition near End of Project
Queue Approaching End of Project

The congestion was caused by very poor road condition and trucks trying to avoid deep
holes but most could not. This problem lead to grid-lock at times.
One truck did get stuck during the night visit and had to be hauled out by another
Road Safety Audit
Road Condition near End of Project

Other very poor sections of road are shown below:
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Road Safety Audit
The bad road condition had consequences related to safety. Several vehicles were
observed being repaired, on or at the side of the road, see below:
Three vehicles were seen to be completely stuck, one at night. The truck below had to
be pushed out of the deep hole by a contactors grader. The grader then repaired the
hole.
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Road Safety Audit
Truck completely
stuck a few metres
from signal junction at
STA 8+450
Grader Repairing Hole After Removing Stuck Truck
Truck Fell in Ditch in Middle of Daytime 18th January

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Road Safety Audit
All these problems have safety implications as they lead to frustrated drivers, damaged
vehicles and severe conflicts between heavy trucks and motorcycles.
Conditions are also intolerable for pedestrians at many locations, but luckily there are
very few pedestrians even at the junctions, (see photos throughout this report).
Typical Shoulder Conditions at Many Sections of Project

Section 1.8 of Contract Specifications, Maintenance of Traffic Flow, see APPENDIX D,
states the following:
It is the intent of the Article in this Section to ensure that during the performance
of the Works al existing roads are kept open for traffic and are maintained in a
safe and usable condition ----
The word traffic in this section often connoted as any kind of vehicles shall
mean all vehicles and pedestrians
There is little evidence on site of this duty being carried out. While one grader did help
at truck near STA 8+450, and repair the deep hole, there was no staff and no equipment
apparent near the worst problem near STA 22+000
Recommendations
The contractor now has a duty to maintain the existing road in a safe
condition and it needs to be a top priority for his staff and equipment.
A priority list of worst locations should be agreed and tackled as a matter

of urgency
Liaison is needed with local police to decide best traffic management. They
are active on the road, see below:
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Road Safety Audit
Problems over materials used needs to be resolved immediately, see

below:
3.2 Pavement Materials

Problem
During meetings with the Supervision Engineer and Contractors, there was much
discussion on the difficulties of specifying the correct pavement material to repair or
rebuild the road
The material for reconstruction is AC-WC, AC-BC, AC-Base, Aggregate Base Class A,
Aggregate Base Class B and Selected Embankment
Efforts to use these materials for repairs had recently been carried out, but very
unsuccessfully, see photos below.
14
Road Safety Audit
The materials used had not been effective as the surface deteriorated almost straight
away, see below:
15
Road Safety Audit
The Supervision Engineer suggests that the Selected Embankment should be changed
to Sandy gravel.
Poor drainage and other works issues probably contributed to continuing problems at
the above location and other sections along the road
Recommendations
3.3
The specifications for the most effective materials and methods need to be
agreed as soon as possible by the relevant authorities, possibly in the
current Design Review
Completed Section Safety Issues
Problems
There are safety concerns on the completed sections of road that were raised by the
World Bank, observed on site or in the contract documents that need addressing. They
are relevant to the continuity of the ring road and thus the SRIP sections.
The safety issues include the following:
Installation of school zones, (see also 2.10 above)

Completion of junction at STA 16+415
Pedestrian facilities
Shoulder construction
Photos illustrating all these items are shown below:
16
Road Safety Audit
Junction STA 16+415
Approach to Junction. Tee Junction Sign but Operates as Fast Bend
Centre of Junction
Exposed Pertamina pipe
17
Road Safety Audit
The proposed islands and crossings are missing from this junction and there is a
temporary wooden pole holding up wires.
The Supervision Engineer stated that this junction will not be carried out under the
current SRIP project.
The World Bank letter of June 1, 2011 specifically requested protection of the Pertamina
pipe at this location and it is understood that this is currently being addressed within the
locally funded project but with no intention of completing the junction to the original
design, shown below
Design for Junction at STA 16+415
Pedestrian Facilities
Homemade Safety Feature at Pedestrian Crossing

18
Road Safety Audit
The local communities shown above have tried to increase the warning of pedestrians
and slow traffic by the home-made features shown above. This should have be done
correctly by the designer
Shoulder Construction
Typical Shoulder Failure Caused by Heavy Trucks

The completed shoulders, (APBN project), comprise Aggregate Base Class B
covered with SST (Burtu).
The proposed material for the shoulders in the SRIP BOQ is Aggregate based class S
and open graded and thus weaker than the completed sections
Even though the APBN project was only finished in December 2011, there are many
damaged sections already. This does not bode well for the proposed shoulder design.
Recommendations
Discussions need to take place between relevant agencies to agree how

additional works can be carried out on the completed sections, including the
following;
19
Road Safety Audit
School zones need to be installed at STA.17+000 and STA.3+300 on

completed sections of road
Additional signing and rumble strips should be installed at the busiest

crossings to replace home-made features on the completed sections of road
Junction at STA 16+415 needs completion, see 3.5 below
Lessons learned from the completed sections need to be applied to the SRIP
construction as follows:
Bends on the new project need to be designed to best practice on the

completed section, see 3.4 below
Shoulder design in new sections needs to be reviewed to avoid early failure,

see 3.6
3.4
Bends
Problem
There are many bends on the new project with a variety of different signs but no clear
indication of the proposed delineation using guard rails. See contract drawings below:
20
Road Safety Audit
Sharp Bend Above Has No Adjacent Warning Signs

Only Series of Bends Signs Some Way in Distance
Three of the 4 standard types of bend warning signs are used but most need guide
posts too to be effective, particularly the Series of Bends signs 1g or 1f, see below
Guidepost Spacing but No Schedule of Locations

21
Road Safety Audit
The photos below illustrate the benefit of having well located guide posts to give much
more information to motorists than the warning signs
Series of Bends Sign on Completed Road but No Guide Posts
Bend That is Very Well Defined by Guide Posts
Guide Posts Work Well at Night Too
22
Road Safety Audit
Bend on Unimproved Road Without Guide Posts Note Skid Mark
Guide Posts Also Used at Embankments & Culverts
Problem
There are 250 guide posts in the BOQ but without any information as to where they are
to located
There are many bends that need good delineation as the warning signs are not
adequate when used alone. There are also some embankments and culverts requiring
guideposts
Recommendation
A schedule of guideposts needs to be drawn up to determine numbers
at each bend, embankment and culverts to ensure there is an adequate
number within the BOQ
23
Road Safety Audit
3.5
Junctions
Problems
Junctions design and construction in Indonesia typically has weaknesses that cause
safety problems, particularly for pedestrians. This can be observed by looking at
existing junctions in Jambi and the proposed designs for the junctions, see below:
Crossing in Jambi Leading to Drain & Raised Island Unsuitable for Pedestrians
Close-up of Drain Above
Footpath at Existing Junction STA 0+000
Landscaping is a great benefit to the environment and has a calming effect on

motorists that is good for safety but it also leads to many problems too. It often blocks
pedestrian movements as shown above and often hides signs, see below:
24
Road Safety Audit
U Turn Sign Hidden by Palm Tree
U Turn Sign in Front of Palm Tree
Best Practice is to Only Allow Low Level Planting Near Junctions or Gaps
Landscaping maintenance is
usually very good in cities
but often very poor or
missing in rural locations
Recommendations
Care needs to be taken at all junctions to ensure safe movement of

pedestrians particularly at the landscaped islands
25
Road Safety Audit
Landscaping and planting should not obscure any signs or short

pedestrians at planting or any time in the future
Planting should be planned with an awareness of the level of
maintenance that will occur to minimise safety problems to road users
and maintenance workers
Landscaping always requires maintenance workers to be exposed to
traffic thus they need to be trained in working safely and to wear high
visibility clothing
Junction STA 0+000

The proposed signalised junction designs are shown below together with photos of
existing conditions
Proposed Junction Layout & Signal Phasing. Note Proposed Pedestrian Phases
Conflicting with Green Signals
26
Road Safety Audit
Proposed Landscaping of Islands Note Location of Crossings
Proposed design of islands

Not pedestrian friendly
27
Road Safety Audit
Existing Ring Road

approach to
junction at STA
0+000
Conflicts in Centre of Junction
Approach from Jambi
Broken Pedestrian Signals
28
Road Safety Audit
Many Mini-busses Near Junction
Median on Leg to Jambi as Seen from Junction
Median on Leg to Jambi
29
Road Safety Audit
Proposed Junction Median Ends Prior to existing Median (Not Shown)
Unacceptable Narrowing at Start of Bypass
Problems
The proposed narrow neck at the start of the ring road will lead to serious conflicts
The proposed landscaped islands will cause serious problems for pedestrian
movements
30
Road Safety Audit
The signal phasing shows conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles

Signal head details are insufficient to ensure optimum locations and high specifications
There are no provisions for busses
There is a median on Jambi leg a short distance from junction that appears to be
ignored in the design
Recommendations
The proposed landscaped islands and crossings should be redesigned to

ensure easy and safe pedestrian movements and a much wider approach
to the bypass
The signal phasing should be revised to remove conflicts between
pedestrians and vehicles
Signal head locations and specifications should be determined to include
far side signals, countdown timers and high luminosity, See appendix F
Add bus lay-bys to match existing or expected usage
The design of the central island on Jambi leg needs reviewing to be
compatible with median a short distance away
Countdown Timers Add Greatly to Visibility Especially at Night
31
Road Safety Audit
Junction STA 8+450

existing conditions
Proposed Layout & Signal Phasing
Proposed Signal Locations are Inadequate Note no Far Side Signals & Some
Heads Behind Stop Line, Circled
32
Road Safety Audit
Pedestrian Phases are Unclear as Four Crossings on Each Approach
Proposed Landscaping Will Block Pedestrian Movements
Approach Travelling Westward
33
Road Safety Audit
Defective Countdown
& Signal Heads
Current conditions are poor and many signals are very difficult to see due to poor
location and broken equipment.
34
Road Safety Audit
The bright sun makes the problems worse when travelling easterly, see below:
Problems
The proposed landscaped islands will cause serious problems for pedestrian
movements
The signal phasing is insufficient to show all pedestrian movements
Recommendations

ensure easy and safe pedestrian movements
The signal phasing should be revised to show all pedestrian movements
and phases
35
Road Safety Audit
Junction STA 16+415

The proposed junction design is shown below together with photos of existing
conditions. It is within one of the road sections already completed but as mentioned
above in 3.3, the junction with islands has not been built and the World Bank requested
protection of a Pertamina pipeline
Proposed Junction Layout
Existing Conditions, Note No Islands
Recommendations
Discussions should be held between interested parties to ensure junction

is completed within one project or another
36
Road Safety Audit

Ensure protection of Pertamina pipeline
Junction STA 18+440

existing conditions
Proposed Layout & Signal Phasing, Note Conflict Between Pedestrian & Vehicle Phases
37
Road Safety Audit
Very Poor Design for Pedestrians of Crossings, Islands & Landscaping
Approach Travelling Westerly
38
Road Safety Audit
Travelling Easterly
Problems
The proposed crossings and landscaped islands are very poorly drawn and do not allow
for the actual expected pedestrian movements
The signal phasing is insufficient to show all pedestrian movements
Recommendations

The signal phasing should be revised to show all pedestrian movements
and phases
39
Road Safety Audit
Junction STA 22+550

The proposed junction design at the end of the project is shown below together with
photos of existing conditions
Proposed Junction Layout
Poor design for

pedestrians of
crossings,
islands &
landscaping
40
Road Safety Audit
Existing Landscaped Island
Existing Landscaping Appears Well Maintained but Not Designed for Pedestrians
Problems
The proposed crossings and landscaped island do not allow for the actual expected
pedestrian movements
Recommendations

41
Road Safety Audit
3.6
Road side Activity
Problems
Trucks form a very high percentage of the moving traffic but they are also frequently
stopped on the shoulders or in an out of various heavy goods depots and yards. Many
are stated as being overloaded. This causes extreme damage to the old road and is
already causing new shoulders to fail.
The proposed designs and construction methods do not take into account the needs of
the truckers to stop and they appear to ignore potential for serious damage
Typical of 100s of trucks stopped at Side of Road
Typical Road Side Commercial Activity. Note Shoulder Damage

42
Road Safety Audit
Roadside Depot with Heavy Vehicles but Well Designed & Constructed Shoulders
& Access
Recommendations
The road cross-sections should be designed for the expected heavy truck
use and this should particularly include the following
Stronger sealed shoulders where there is regular truck use, including

accesses to depots
Design and construction of resting areas and lay-bys
A weighbridge should be added to the project or planned
43
Road Safety Audit
3.7
Narrow Road
Problems
No Detailed design at approaching the narrow road also, this condition is hazard for
road user where the speed need to be reduced. (From north to south)
The nose of road median is a dangerous moreover the nose is very nearly with the bend
(from south to north). In many country the median always get hit by the vehicles were
not designed carefully
Recommendation
3.8
Hatch markings on the road where the road becomes narrow.

The median should be extended or decreased until the starting
bend(from the south to north)
Guardrail
Problems
Many of steeps road side with narrow shoulders are hidden in many places
and also could not be seen at contract drawing, as shown in photograph
bellows;
44
Road Safety Audit
Steep side at the junction
Steep side at the junction
Steep side with narrow shoulder
45
Road Safety Audit
Steep side with narrow shoulder
Recommendations
The Site Team should be resurveying the condition on site
where the steeps road side is more than 2 meter and the detailed
design for guard rail location should be proposed.
Guard rail must be installed to protect the road users.
There is a improvement at the APBN project at the same road
link, but still inadequate, As shown bellows;
The same link road , additional shoulder and noticed with guide post at steep side.
(work by APBN 2011)
46
Road Safety Audit
Guard rail at narrow shoulders at Ngawi Bypass Project (SRIP Project)
Guide post are installed where the steep is between 1 up to 2 meters height (at Ngawi
RR Project)
47
Road Safety Audit
Road Safety Audit of Construction
4.1
Inadequate Safety Culture
Problems
There was little or no warning of construction zones either at start of project or where
machinery was working
Only the Supervision Engineers & Surveying staff was observed to wear any high
visibility safety clothing
Good Safety Culture
Inadequate Safety Culture
48
Road Safety Audit
Recommendations
Carry out an immediate upgrade of traffic management of construction

areas particularly at start and end of project sections, installed project
boards, warning sgns, erection of barriers and increasing the numbers of
cones used
There should be an immediate effort to increase numbers of workers

wearing safety clothing
Contractors supervisory staff should set good example by always wearing

safety clothing on site
Follow instruction in contract specifications and advice given in

Appendices B & C
49
Road Safety Audit
APPENDIX A References
Pedoman Audit Keselamatan Jalan (PD T-17-2005-B), PU Prasarana Transportasi (Road

Safety Guidelines (PDT -17 2005 B). Public Works, Transportation)
Pedoman Audit Keselamatan di jalan raya (Austroads Standard) edisi ke 2, 2002
(Road safety Audit Guidelines (Austroads Standards) Second edition 2002)
Pedoman Teknis Penanaman Pohon Pada Sistem Jaringan jalan 2010
(Technical Guidelines for Planting trees at Road Network System 2010)
Pedoman teknis Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki di Perkotaan SK.43/AJ 007/DRJD/1997 Direktorat
Jenderal Perhubungan Darat)
(Technical Guidelines for Pedestrian facilities at Cities region, SK.43/AJ
007/DRJD/1997, Directorate General land & transportation)
Mewujudkan Jalan Berkeselamatan di Indonesia, Australia Indonesia bekerjasama dalam
teknis keselamatan di Jalan. Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga, INDIE 2010
(Making Indonesias Roads Safer, Australia- Indonesia Partnership in Road Safety
Engineering, Directorate General of Bina Marga, INDI 2010)
See extracts on construction zone safety below.
Petunjuk Praktis , Keselamatan Jalan Pada Zona Kerja di Jalan, mendukung Proyek
EINRIP, Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga
(Practical Guidelines, Road Safety of Construction Zone) to Support EINRIP Projects,
Directorate General of Bina Marga
50
Road Safety Audit
Appendix B
Safety Concerns at Roadworks - English
51
Road Safety Audit
Appendix C
Safety Concerns at Roadworks Bahasa
52
Road Safety Audit
APPENDIX D
MAINTENANCE OF TRAFFIC FLOW
53
Road Safety Audit

ID
Appendix F
In specifications chapter XII. Specifications for Traffic Light; explain that the head of traffic lamp
should use the LED lamp with diameter head is 30 cm the requirements from DLLAJR under the
Departement of Transportation could be read as shown below;
Bab XII. Spesifikas

Spesifikasi Teknis
No. 1
Goods/Items
LED Traffic Light
Specifications
Colour of LED
Connecting Structure
Number of LED
LED Type
Wave Length
Power Lamp
Lens Diffuse
: Red Yellow - Green

: Circle
: 200 400 units per Head lamps with Dia. 300 mm
: Super Bright Water Clear 5 mm/10 mm
: M:615-650mm/K:585-597mm/H:500
597mm/H:500-509 mm
: 18 - 25 watt
: UV Resistant Polycarbonate Dia.30 cm with spots
for reflection of light
: 400 cd
: 40.000 50.000 hours
: 90-125 volt and/or 170-240
240 volt with 50Hz
: 50 Hz
>. 0.9
: Red 9.4W/ Yellow 7.8W/ Green 8.6W
: 5 70C
Lumination intensity
Life time
Voltage
Frequency
Power Factor
Power Consumption
Operating Temperature
Humidity
Spesification/features/Other
Facilities
54
Aspects of the light device must be in new

condition, no defects and should be made of
materials / components as required in technical
spesification

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Republic of Indonesia

Ministry of Public Works

Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project

To Support the Management Unit

PALMERAH RING ROAD JAMBI

Audit Process ............................................................................................

Problems and Recommendations

Road Safety Audit of Construction

Appendix A. References .............................................................................................

Appendix B. Safety Concerns at Roadworks - English ..........................................

Appendix C. Safety Concerns at Roadworks Bahasa...........................................

Appendix D. Maintenance of Traffic Flow

Appendix F. High specification of traffic lights and Equipment from DGLT........... 54

Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP)

Road Safety Audit

IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND/7786-ID

Palmerah Ring Road Jambi

Kesimpulan Permasalahan dan rekomendasi dalam Bahasa

Selama pertemuan dengan Engineer Pengawasan dan Kontraktor, ada banyak

Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP)

Road Safety Audit

IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND/7786-ID

Palmerah Ring Road Jambi

Keamanan dijalan pada Bagian jalan yang Sudah Diperbaiki

Fasilitas pejalan kaki.

Konstruksi bahu jalan.

Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP)

Road Safety Audit

IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND/7786-ID

Palmerah Ring Road Jambi

Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP)

Road Safety Audit

IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND/7786-ID

Palmerah Ring Road Jambi

Persimpangan Secara Umum

Perawatan tanaman harus dilakukan di setiap persimpangan untuk memastikan

Persimpangan STA 0+000

Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP)

Road Safety Audit

IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND/7786-ID

Palmerah Ring Road Jambi

Persimpangan Sta. 8+450

Pulau-pulau indah yang diusulkan akan menimbulkan masalah serius bagi

Persimpangan Sta. 16+415

Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP)

Road Safety Audit

IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND/7786-ID

Palmerah Ring Road Jambi

Diskusi harus diadakan antara pihak yang berkepentingan untuk memastikan

Persimpangan Sta. 18+ 440

Persimpangan Sta. 22 +550

Penyeberangan diusulkan dan pulau yang indah tidak memungkinkan untuk

Kegiatan Disekitar Ruas Jalan

Strategic Roads Infrastructure Project (SRIP)

Road Safety Audit

IBRD Loan No. 4834-IND/7786-ID

Palmerah Ring Road Jambi

Badan Jalan yang Menyempit