Procedure For Visual Inspection

SPIC JEL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION LIMITED
Head office / Fabrication Shop : 156, Old Mahabalipuram Road, Kumaran Nagar,
Chemmancherry, Sholinganallur Post, Chennai 600 119. INDIA.
Site : Torrent Power Plant, 1100 MW Sugen Combined Cycle Power Plant,
Akhakhol-Village, Kamrej, Surat- 394155 Mobile : 9925015546
PROCEDURE FOR VISUAL EXAMINATION.

1.0 PURPOSE
1.1 This procedure provides guidelines for performing Visual inspections of Weld fitups , Welding in progress and completed welds . The ultimate objective is to
obtain sound welds that are acceptable within the parameters established by
documents referenced below.
2.0 REFERENCE
2.1 ASME Boiler and Pressure vessel codes.
Section V111 Pressure vessels, Division 1
2.2 ANSI B 31.1 , Power piping
3.0 RESPOSIBILITES
3.1 The Welding Inspector/Supervisor will be the responsible of the requirements of the
contract welding procedures , Drawings , specifications and applicable codes.
The welders shall be informed about requirements of the applicable references .
4.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
4.1 The welding inspector shall assure himself that the material to be used have been
provided in accordance with the contract requirements.
4.2 The condition of the welded surfaces being inspected shall be suitably clean.
4.3 There shall be sufficient lighting to allow proper interpretation of visual
inspection.
4.4 The welder is qualified to properly perform the applicable welding procedure
specification.
5.0 WELD FIT-UP CHECK

5.1 The surfaces to be welded shall be reasonably smooth and free from deep notches ,
irregularities , scale ,rust, oil, grease and other foreign material which is detrimental to welding.
5.1.1 When thermal cutting was used , the affected area will be ground to obtain a clean metal
surface free of irregularities.
5.1.2
5.1.3
The weld groove shall be as that specified in the welding procedure specification.
The required pre-heating will be assured prior to any thermal cutting.
5.2. piping , tubing and headers to be joined will be aligned as accurately as practical within
existing circumferential tolerances on diameters, wall thickness
and out of roundness. The inside diameter of pipes and tubes must be concentric. The
components may be retained in position using jacks, clamps, bars, tack welds or temporary
attachments. Tack welds may be incorporated into final weld provided if they are visually
accepted. Alignment tolerances shall be as mentioned below. Pipe and tube internals shall be
checked prior to fit-up. They should be clean and free of any obstruction.
CIRCUMFRENTIAL ALIGNMENT TOLERENCES. ( ASME )
Section Thickness.( inches )
Circumferential Alignment Tolerance
Up to , inclusive
t
Over to , inclusive
t
Over to 1 - 1/2, inclusive
3/16 inch
Over 1 to 2 , inclusive
1/8 t
Over 2 inch
Lesser of 1/8 t or inch
CIRCUMFRENTIAL ALIGNMENT TOLERENCES. ( ANSI B 31.1
The inside diameters of piping to be joined shall be joined will be aligned as accurately as
practicable. Where ends are to be joined and the internal misalignment exceeds 1/16 , it is
preferred that the component with the wall extending internally be internally trimmed as shown
below. However ,the trimming shall not result in a piping component wall thickness less than the
minimum design thickness and the change in contour shall not exceed 30
1/16 ( 2 mm) or less

30 chamfer
1/16 ( 2 mm ) or less
2
5.2
The root opening of the component to be joined shall be adequate to provide acceptable
root penetration.
5.3
On fillet welds , the parts to be joined shall be brought as close to contract as practical ,
although in most instances , a small opening between parts is desirable.
6.0 CHECK DURING WELDING OPERATION

6.1 The required preheat temperature is established prior to and maintained during welding
,including tack welding.
6.2 the correct electrode and filler metals are used.
6.3 Tack welds are examined by the welder before they are incorporated in to final weld.
6.4 The inter pass temperature is not exceeded between passes.
6.5 The surface of the weld between bead is cleaned sufficiently to assure an acceptable weld.
6.6 Low hydrogen type electrodes are properly stored in heated containers as required or they
have not exceeded their allowable exposure time to the atmosphere.
6.7 Welding shall not be permitted on surfaces exposed to rain , or on any wet surfaces.
6.8 Shielding gas mixtures and flow rates shall be as specified in the applicable welding
procedure specification.
6.9 Shielding gases will be of welding grade.
7.0 CHECK OF THE COMPLETED WELD
7.1 There are no visible cracks, pinholes , incomplete penetration or lack of fusion.
7.2 The surface of the welds are free of coarse ripples , from grooves , overlaps , abrupt ridges
and valleys, visible slag inclusions , porosity and adjacent starts and stops. The surface of the
weld metal at any point shall not fall below the surface of the adjoining base materials.
7.3 Under cuts do not exceed :
7.3.1
7.3.2
1/32 or 10 % of the wall thickness , which ever is less

1/32 and shall not encroach on the minimum wall thickness for ANSI B31.1 pipe.
7.4 The weld reinforcement does not exceed 1/8 for plate butt welds per D 1.1
7.4.1 If the surface of the weld requires grinding to meet the above criteria , care shall be
taken to avoid reducing the weld or base material thickness below the required thickness.
7.5 The faces of fillet welds are not excessively convex or concave and the weld legs are the
proper length. .
7.6 All defects shall be removed by machining , grinding and chipping. All repairs shall be in
accordance with the applicable welding procedure specification . Weld repair will be reExamined by the procedure required for the original examination.
7.7 Each Welders work is identified by name , symbol or mark adjacent to the welds or records
are maintained that indicate the welder of each weld or seam.
8.0 DOCUMENTATION
The results of the inspection including subsequent inspections due to repair shall be recorded on
a weld inspection record form.

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Procedure For Visual Inspection

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What are the requirements for weld fit-up?

What checks are performed during welding operations?

SPIC JEL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION LIMITED

PROCEDURE FOR VISUAL EXAMINATION.

5.0 WELD FIT-UP CHECK

Circumferential Alignment Tolerance

1/16 ( 2 mm) or less

6.0 CHECK DURING WELDING OPERATION

1/32 or 10 % of the wall thickness , which ever is less

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