Angles and Triangles

SUCCESS PLUS ACADEMY
Growing Deep Roots, Achieving Great Heights

BASIC TERMS & DEFINITION
1. Angles: An Angle is the union of two non collinear rays with a common initial point.
2. Collinear and non collinear points: If three or more points lie on the same line, they are called
collinear points; otherwise they are called non collinear points.
3. Types of Angles:
(a) Acute angle: An angle whose measure is less than 90o is called an acute angle.
(b) Right angle: An angle whose measure is 90o is called a right angle.
(c) Obtuse Angle: An angle whose measure is more than 90o but less than 180o is called an obtuse
angle.
(d) Straight Angle: An angle whose measure is 180o is called a straight angle.
(e) Reflex angle: An angle whose measure is more than 180o is called a reflex angle.
(f) Complementary Angles: Two angles are complementary if their sum is 90o .
(g) Supplementary Angles: Two angles are supplementary if their sum is 180o .
4. Adjacent Angles: Two angles are called adjacent angles, if:
(a) They have the same vertex,
(b) They have a common arm, and
(c) Uncommon arms are on either side of the common arm.
5. Two adjacent angles are said to form a linear pair of angles, if their non-common arms are two
opposite rays.
6. Two angles are pair of vertically opposite angles if their arms form two pairs of opposite rays.
7. Transversal: A line which intersects two or more given lines at distinct points, is called a transversal
of the given lines.
8. If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then each pair of
(a) Corresponding angles are equal
(b) Alternate interior angles are equal
(c) Interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary.
9. If a transversal intersects two lines such that, either
(a) Any one pair of corresponding angles are equal, or
(b) Any pair of alternate interior angles are equal, or
(c) Any one pair of interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary then the
lines are parallel.
10. Lines which are parallel to a given line are parallel to each other.
11. Triangle: A plane figure bounded by three lines in a plane is called a triangle.
12. Types of Triangles:
(a) Scalene Triangle: A triangle, no two of whose sides are equal is called a scalene triangle.
(b) Isosceles triangle: A triangle, tow of whose sides are equal in length is called an isosceles
triangle.
(c) Equilateral Triangle: A triangle, all of whose sides are equal is called an equilateral triangle.
(d) Acute Triangle: A triangle, each of whose angles is acute, is called an acute triangle or an acute
angled triangle.
(e) Right Triangle: A triangle with one angle a right angle is called a right triangle or a right angled
triangle.
Success Plus Academy, Swami Tower, 1st Floor, Aggarsain Chowk, Sriganganagar 335001.
Contact No. 9928410276, 7597041680, email: successplus15@gmail.com
(f) Obtuse Triangle: A triangle with one angle an obtuse angle, is known as an obtuse triangle or
obtuse angled triangle.
1. If two lines intersect each other, then vertically opposite angles are equal.
2. The sum of three angles of a triangle is 180o .
3. Exterior Angle Theorem: If a side of a triangle is produced, the exterior angle so formed is equal to
the sum of the two interior opposite angles.
4. If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, then the bisectors of the two pairs of interior
angles enclose a rectangle.
5. Two figures are congruent, if they are of the same shape and of the same size.
6. Two line segments are congruent iff their lengths are equal.
7. Tow angles are congruent iff they are of the same measure.
8. Two circles of the same radii are congruent.
9. Two squares of the same size are congruent.
10. If two triangles ABC and DEF are congruent under the correspondence AD, BE and CF, then
we write ABC DEF or ABC DEF.
11. SAS congruence criterion: Two triangles are congruent if two sides and the included angle of one
are equal to the corresponding sides and the included angle of the other triangle.
12. ASA congruence criterion: Two triangles are congruent if two angles and the included side of one
triangle are equal to the corresponding two angles and the included side of the other triangle.
13. AAS congruence criterion: If any two angles and non-included side of one triangle are equal to the
corresponding angles and side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
14. SSS congruence criterion: If three sides of one triangle are equal to three of the other triangle, then
the two triangles are congruent.
15. RHS congruence criterion: If in two right triangles, hypotenuse and one side of a triangle are equal
to the hypotenuse and one side of other triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.
16. Angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal.
17. Sides opposite to equal angles of a triangle are equal.
18. Each angle of an equilateral triangle is of 60o .
19. If the altitude from one vertex of a triangle bisects the opposite side, then the triangle is isosceles.
20. In an isosceles triangle altitude from the vertex bisects the base.
21. If the bisector of the vertical angle of a triangle bisects the base of the triangle, then the triangle is
isosceles.
22. If the altitudes of triangles are equal, then it is equilateral.
23. In a triangle, angle opposite to the longer side is larger.
24. In a triangle, side opposite to the larger angle is longer.
25. Sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side.
26. Of all line segments that can be drawn to a given line, from a point, not lying on it, the perpendicular
line segment is the shortest.
Success Plus Academy, Swami Tower, 1st Floor, Aggarsain Chowk, Sriganganagar 335001.
Contact No. 9928410276, 7597041680, email: successplus15@gmail.com

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SUCCESS PLUS ACADEMY

Growing Deep Roots, Achieving Great Heights

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