Amar Autoclave PDF

High Pressure Systems
TM
Pressure Reactor Specialist
Volume 06
Our Profile
Experience
The company was founded in 1974 by Mr. Naresh Shah (Chairman) B.Tech. Mech., IIT & M.S.
(USA). Mr. Vishal Shah (Director) B.E. Mech., son of Mr. Naresh Shah joined the business in
1998 to take it forward. It started designing, manufacturing & exports of high pressure
reactor, magnetic coupling, continuous flow reactors, fixed bed reactors, industrial filters &
heating cooling circulators with a vision to provide import substitute products in India at
reasonable rates & international quality. Amar Equipment is a leader in pressure reactor
designing & can supply the same with all desired certifications / approvals like ISO, ASME,
CE, U, UL, CSA, Ex etc. complying to various international safety regulations. We have over
40 years of rich experience in manufacturing & supplying high pressure reactor systems
globally.
Facilities
We have complete in-house setup well-equipped to design, manufacture & test all the
products & components with latest gauges, measuring instruments & machines like
CNC turning centre
Cutting machines
Vertical machining centre (VMC)
Rivetting machine
Conventional lathes
Drilling machines
Plasma cutting machine
Welding machines
Overhead Cranes
Grinding machines
Buffing / polishing/ cleaning equipment
PMI machine
Laser marking
Packaging machines etc....
We are a team of around 100 people with qualified staff, skilled workers & a core team of 15
highly skilled & experienced professional engineers, required to produce the desired quality
repetitively as per international quality standards & design codes.
Vision / Motto
Quality / Safety / Service
To become a leading global player in manufacturing all our products.
To continuously upgrade the quality of our product & always offer the latest & the best.
To develop & manufacture safe products that work virtually life long without
maintenance.
To attend all customer demands, complaints & provide prompt services to ultimately see a
delighted customer.
To make products that are technically complete, physically reliable, economically
competent & ergonomically superior.
Achievements
Pioneers & largest manufacturer of high pressure reactor & magnetic drive couplings in
India year after year since 40 yrs. Over 5000 successful installations world over with more
than 2000 delighted customers. Exports to more than 50 countries world wide with 40
international distributors & 4 exclusive dealers in different parts of India for local support.
The growth & success of our firm in terms of quality, production & profitability has been
positive since its inception.
Product Range
High Pressure Autoclaves

High Throughput Catalyst Screening
Gas Induction Reactors
Glass Autoclaves
Non Stirred Pressure Vessels
HPHT Corrosion Testing

Supercritical Fluid Extraction
Reaction Calorimeters
Gas Hydrate System
Acid Digestion Bombs`
Continuous Flow Reactors

Fixed Bed Reactors
Magnetic Couplings / Stirrers
Heating & Cooling Circulators
Sparkler & Leaf Filters
Certifications & Approvals

An ISO-9001-2008 certified company.
All our pressure reactor / vessel designs are as per ASME codes-section Vlll Div 1 / Div 2 with suitable design approval certificate.
Our welders are qualified as per ASME section IX codes for welded pressure vessels.
'U' stamp coded vessels & electrical / instrumentation with UL / CSA making can be offered on request
CE marked autoclave of desired size, pressure & material can be supplied on request with EMC, LVD & PED directives as applicable.
Design approval as per AS1210 Australian standards, Malaysian standards etc.
Explosion / flame proof motors, pumps, heaters, sensors & panels for hazardous area for group IIA, IIB & II C gases like hydrogen.
ATEX certified autoclaves
DQ, IQ, PQ, OQ can be given on special request.
Most of our products comply to GMP / cGMP standards.
Index
Sr. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
Description
Page No.
Autoclave types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Autoclave - salient features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Autoclave system - applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Model no. / coding of autoclaves* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
High pressure stirred autoclave / reactor (
100 bar) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Interchangeable stirred metal autoclaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Multiple overhead stirred autoclaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
High throughput catalyst screening system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Eco catalyst screening systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Photo gallery stirred autoclaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Bottom stirred autoclave. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Low pressure stirred autoclave / reactor (20 bar) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11
Continuous flow stirred tank reactors (CSTR). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Glass body autoclaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-13
Interchangeable metal & glass autoclaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Non-stirred high pressure vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-15
Acid digestion bomb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Material of construction (MOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-17
Autoclave specifications
I. Nozzles, valves, fittings, body & head sealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
II. Head mounting style, motor & drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
III. Zero leakage magnetic drive coupling & magnetically coupled stirrer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-21
IV. Stirrer types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
V. Heating, control panel, power supply, mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
High pressure systems for different applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Pilot plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Supercritical fluid (CO2) extraction system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Reaction calorimeters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Autoclaves for corrosion testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Autoclaves for observation of gas hydrate formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Pressure vessel for hydrogen induced disbonding test, soaking of diamonds, gas / liquid storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Gas induction reactors - hydrogenators / pilot to plant scale pressure reactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Rocker / shaker hydrogenators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Optional accessories
I. Gas pressure regulator, gas booster, gas mass flow meter / controller, digital pressure indicator / controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
II. Liquid / slurry / gas charging pressure pot, ethylene, propylene oxide pot, liquid metering pump system,
auto cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
III. Cooling & heating circulator, flow control valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
IV. Reflux condenser, condenser, receiver pot, back pressure regulator, pressure safety valve, chain pulley lifting system. . . . . . . . 33
V. Scada software, PLC, liners, catalyst basket, catalyst filters, catalyst addition device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
VI. Catalyst filtration system, catalyst slurry charging system, catch pot, vacuum pump, view window, In situ FTIR spectroscopy . . 35
VII. Level, pH, turbidity, DO, Redox sensors, baffles, torque sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Unit conversion table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Client testimonials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Some of our valued customers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38-39
*Model no. / coding of various autoclave types, sizes, MOC, ratings, motor, heating & mounting style etc. options are given in short to enable the user to
check on all options available & with the codes one can send inquiry / order in short.
Since development is a continuous process the specifications in the catalogue can change without prior notice
Trademarks used in the catalogue
Viton, Kalrez & teflon are registered trademarks of Dupont
Grafoil is registered trademark of UCAR Carbon Co.
Monel & Inconel are registered trademark of Special Metals Corp.
Hastelloy is registered trademark of Haynes International
Abbreviations used in the catalogue
QRC: Quick release coupling NRV: Non-return valve MOC: Material of construction
FLP: Flame proof/Explosion proof Temp.: Temperature Pr.: Pressure : Phase Ltr.: Liter NA: Not applicable/ available
All the pressure ratings are in bar which is nearly same as kg/cm (1 bar = 1.02 kg/cm)
Autoclave Types
High pressure autoclaves.

Multiple parallel 4 or 6 reactors for high throughput catalyst screening / research.
Bottom stirred autoclaves.
Low pressure reactors.
Continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR).
Glass-metal / peek autoclaves.
Interchangeable metal & glass autoclaves.
Non stirred pressure vessels.
Acid digestion bombs.
Gas induction reactors.
Rocker / shaker hydrogenator.
Autoclave - Salient Features

Stirred & non-stirred reactors / pressure vessels.
Sizes from 25ml to 1000ltrs. capacity.
M.O.C SS-316/316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Inconel, Nickel, Titanium, Tantalum lined,
Zirconium etc.
Max. design pressures upto 10,000psig (690 bar) & temperatures upto 650C.
All designs as per ASME codes & CE, 'U' stamp marked autoclaves on request.
High torque maintenance free zero leakage magnetic drive coupling.
Complete pilot plant with automatic temperature, pressure, RPM, motor torque/ current,
liquid & gas flow, pH, ORP, DO, turbidity, IR, level etc. controlling, auto cooling system,
chiller, condensor for distillation or reflux, thermic fluid heating / cooling system etc.
Fully automated PC controlled high pressure system / pilot plant to continuously monitor,
control & record various parameters with touch panels.
Complete FLP certified / explosion proof systems suitable for group IIA, IIB, IIC gases like H2.
CE, UL, CSA certified electricals & controls options.
ATEX certification on request.
Autoclave System - Applications

It is used for high pressure high temperature chemical reactions like alkylation, amination,
bromination, carboxylation, catalytic reduction, chlorination, dehydrogenation,
esterification, ethoxylation, halogenation, hydrogenation, methylation, nitration,
oxidation, ozonization, polymerization, sulphonation etc.
To invent new molecules / chemicals, study reaction parameters.

To produce chemicals in small quantity in batch or continuous mode.
For synthesis.
For quality control & process improvements
For high throughput catalyst screening.
For supercritical CO2 solvent extraction / reaction / drying / evaporation system.
For reaction calorimetry to study heat of reaction & various parameters.
For static, dynamic, loop & electrochemical HPHT corrosion testing.
Gas hydrate formation.
For hydrogen disbonding test.
Soaking of diamonds / precious stones.
In R&D centers, pilot plants & manufacturing facilities of fine & speciality chemicals, bulk
drug (API) pharmaceuticals, dyes, intermediates, paints, oils, agrochemical, petrochemicals,
oil & gas etc. Industries & also in chemical engineering colleges / research institutes /
defence organisations where high pressure reactions / testing is carried out.
01
Model No. / Coding of Autoclaves for inquiry / order

Autoclave Type & Volume
Sr. No.
Autoclave Type Options
Code
1.
Overhead stirred high pressure metal autoclaves (

100 bar)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Interchangeable metal stirred autoclaves*

Multiple 4/6 overhead stirred metal autoclaves*
Bottom stirred metal autoclaves
Multiple 4/6 bottom stirred metal autoclaves*
Overhead stirred low pressure reactor (20 bar)
Glass overhead stirred autoclaves
Interchangeable stirred metal & glass autoclaves*
Non stirred pressure vessels
10.
11.
12.
Acid digestion bomb**

Gas induction / pilot-plant scale fabricated reactors**
Rocker/shaker hydrogenator**
* IM, M4 & M6 specifications & options would be same as A

* IG specifications & options would be same as G for glass & A for metal
A
IM
M4 / M6
B
BM4 / BM6
L
G
IG
P
D
F
R
Available for autoclave size

(net water filling capacity)
25, 50, 100, 250, 450, 750 ml,
1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100 ltrs.
50 & 100, 450 & 750 ml, 1 & 2 ltrs.
25, 50, 100, 250, 450, 750 ml, 1, 2, 5 ltrs.
25, 50, 100, 250, 450, 750 ml, 1, 2 ltrs.
25, 50, 100, 250, 450, 750 ml, 1, 2 ltrs.
500 ml, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 ltrs.
100, 250, 450, 750 ml, 1, 2 ltrs.
100, 250, 450, 750 ml, 1, 2 ltrs.
25, 50, 100, 250, 450, 750 ml,
1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100 ltrs.
25, 50, 100, 250, 400, 700 ml
>100 ltrs.
1000 ltrs. as required
100, 250, 500 ml, 1, 2 ltrs.
* BM4, BM6 specifications & options would be same as B

** Sr. no. 10, 11 & 12 do not have product coding refer their specifications page to inquire / order.
Autoclave MOC
Sr. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
MOC options
Code
SS 316 / SS 316L
Hastelloy C 276
Hastelloy C 22 / Hastelloy C2000
Hastelloy B2
Monel - 400
Inconel - 600 / Inconel - 625
Nickel - 200
Titanium Gr. 2 / Gr. 4
Zirconium - 702
Tantalum / Tantalum lined
PEEK
316 / 316L
HC6
HC2 / HCO
HB2
MN4
IN6 / IN5
NK2
TI2/TI4
ZR7
TAN /TNL
PEK
Available for
autoclave types
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
G (only Jacketted)
Available for
autoclave volume
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
25 ml - 250 ml
100 ml - 2 ltr.
Max. design
temperature
575C / 475C
550C
575C / 450C
450C
450C
475C / 650C
325C
325C
375C
275C
180C
Note: Many of the above material may not be available for a particular type or size at the time of inquiry.
Design Pressure / Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) & Temperature

Design pressure
bar (kg/cm)
psi
6 / 10
20
300
Corresponding Temp. Rating

at design pressure
87 / 145
heater & 200C for jacketted
200C
Available for
Available for
autoclave type
autoclave volume
150C for bottom electrical
50
725
250C, 350C
A, P
50 ltr. - 100 ltr.
100
1450
250C, 350C, 500C
A, B, P
25 ml - 100 ltr.
200
2900
250C, 350C, 500C
A, B, P,
25 ml - 25 ltr.
350
5075
250C, 350C, 500C
A, P
25 ml - 10 ltr.
690
10,000
200C
A, P
100 ml - 2 ltr.
100 ml - 2 ltr.
Available in MOC
G, IG100 ml - 2 ltr.GLS body with any
material for lid & parts
316, 316L, HC6, HC2, HCO, HB2,
MN4, IN5, IN6, NK2, TI2/TI4, ZR7, TNL
316, 316L, HC6, HC2, HCO, HB2,
MN4, IN5, IN6, NK2, TI2/TI4, ZR7, TNL
316, 316L, HC6, HC2, HCO, HB2,
MN4, IN6, IN5, NK2, TI2/TI4, ZR7, TAN, TNL
316, 316L, HC6, HC2, HCO, HB2,
MN4, IN6, IN5, NK2, TI2/TI4, ZR7, TAN, TNL
316, 316L, HC6, HC2, HCO, HB2, MN4,
IN6, IN5, NK2, TI2/TI4, ZR7, TAN, TNL
316, HC2, HCO, HB2, MN4,
IN6, IN5, NK2, TI2/TI4, ZR7, TAN, TNL
Note: The design pressure & temp. rating may vary from above for many materials to keep standard designs & also subject to max. design temperature column as per
autoclave MOC table above. B upto max. 200C.
Body & Head Sealing Type

Sr. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Head & body sealing options

Split clamp with clamp bolts & flat gasket
Split taper clamp with bolts
Split clamp with 'O' ring & without clamp bolts *
Threaded clamp & vessel with 'O' ring
Nut & bolts with flange & gasket
Code
N
T
V
C
Z
Available for autoclave volume

25 ml - 100 ltr.
25 ml - 100 ltr.
25 ml - 2 ltr.
25 ml - 2 ltr.
50 ltr. - 100 ltr.
* This design is suitable for maximum 100 bar pressure at 225C for Viton & 275C for Kalrez O rings
02
Available for autoclave types

A, B, G, P
A, B, P
A, B, P
A, P
L
Head Mounting Style

Sr.
Head mounting options
Code
1.
2.
3.
4.
Removable head design

Fixed head design with removable vessel & heater (Manual)
Fixed head design with removable vessel & heater (Motorized)
Fixed head design with removable vessel & heater (Hydraulic)
Available for
autoclave volume
All sizes
50 ml - 1 ltr.
450 ml - 5 ltr.
10 - 100 ltr.
Available for
autoclave types
A, B, L, G, P
A, L, G, P
A, L, G, P
A, P
NX
XB
XC
BD
Available for
autoclave volume
25 ml - 100 ltr.
25 ml - 100 ltr.
25 ml - 100 ltr.
50 ml - 25 ltr.
Available for
autoclave types
A, L, G
A, L, G
A, L, G
A, L, G
Heating
code
EC
EA
JS
JH
LC
Available for
autoclave volume
25 ml - 100 ltr.
100 ml - 25 ltr.
100 ml - 100 ltr.
100 ml - 100 ltr.
50 ltr. - 100 ltr.
Available for
autoclave types
A, B, L, P
A, L, P
A, L, G, P
A, P
A, P
Code
Available for
autoclave volume
25 ml - 2 ltr.
25 ml - 100 ltr.
25 ml - 1000 ltr.
20 ltr. - 1000 ltr.
Available for
autoclave types
All
All
All
A, L, P
Available for
autoclave volume
All
All
All
All
Available for
autoclave types
All
All
All
All
Available for
autoclave volume
All
All
All
All
All
All
Available for
autoclave types
A, B, L, P
A, B, L, P
A, B, L, P
A, B, L, P
A, B, L, P
A, B, L, P
H
K
M
M
Stirring Motor Type

Sr.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Stirring motor options
Code
Top mounted CE marked AC motor (Non Flame Proof)

Top mounted FLP / Ex-proof AC motor IIB
Top mounted FLP / Ex-proof AC motor IIC
Top mounted compact in line brushless DC motor
Heating Style
Sr.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Heating options
Electrical ceramic band heater
Electrical flame proof aluminum cast heater, IIB + H2 certified
Jacket SS 304 / Glass
Jacket SS 304 with electric heater
Limpet coil SS 304
Autoclave Mounting Style

Sr.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Autoclave mounting options

Benchtop / table top
Trolley
Floor stand
Lugs
TT
TL
FS
LG
Power Supply
Sr.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Power supply options
Code
1 ph 220 V AC, 50 / 60 Hz
1 ph 110 V AC, 60 Hz
3 ph 400 V AC, 50 / 60 Hz
3 ph 230 V AC, 60 Hz
S2
S1
T4
T2
Certification for Autoclave

Sr.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Certification options
Code
ASME design approval certificate

CE-PED
'U' stamp
AS1210 for Australian
CE marked panel & electrical parts
UL/CSA marked panel & electrical parts
DAC
PED
ASU
ASA
ECE
USC
How to inquire / order autoclaves - reactors - pressure vessels

Metal / Glass / Multiple / Interchangeable SS & Glass / Interchangeable Metal Stirred Autoclave
Autoclave
type code
Volume with
unit
MOC code
Pressure
rating (bar)
Temp. rating in C
at max. pressure
Head sealing
type code
Head mounting
style code
Stirring motor
type code
Heating
style
Autoclave mounting
style code
Power
supply
Certification
1. E.g. to order a 2 ltr. stirred autoclave of SS 316 with 100 bar pressure @ 250C, with split clamp bolt sealing, removable head with FLP top mounted
IIB motor, electrical ceramic heater & trolley model, 1 ph, 220 V AC supply & CE-PED code should be made A-2Ltr.-316-100-250-N-H-XB-EC-TL-S2-PED.
For multiple autoclaves prefix should be M4 or M6 rest all same
2. Bottom stirred autoclave: The coding remains the same as above, except remove the head mounting style code, stirring motor code, heating style code &
temperature code. i.e. B-100 ml - 316 - 100 - N-TL-S2. For multiple bottom stirred autoclaves prefix should be BM 4 /BM 6
3. Low pressure reactor the coding remains the same as above for stirred autoclaves except prefix to be L i.e L-2 ltr.-316-100-250-Z-H-XB-EC-TL-S2
4. Similarly for glass it will be, G-2ltr.-316-6-150-N-H-X-EF-TL-S2 (where 316 is the MOC of other wetted parts like head & fittings)
For interchangeable autoclaves mention the first size only, 2nd will automatically be considered, Use IM or IG as prefix.
5. Non stirred pressure vessel - the coding remains the same as above, except remove the stirring motor type code in between i.e. P-2Ltr-316-100-250-N-HEC-TL-S2-PED.
6. Some of the optional accessories can be inquired / ordered as per their codes.
03
High Pressure Stirred Autoclave/Reactor (A)

Specifications:
DESCRIPTION
Volume (net water
filling capacity)
STANDARD
25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 250 ml, 450 ml, 750 ml,
1 ltr., 2 ltr., 5 ltr., 10 ltr., 20 ltr., 25 ltr., 50 ltr.,
75 ltr., 100 ltr.
SS-316
Material of construction
(MOC) wetted parts
(Refer page 16 for details)
Design Pressure
100 bar (1450 psi)
Design Temperature
250C (482F)
Nozzles, Valves & Fittings Pressure gauge, vent needle valve, safety
(Refer page 18 for details) rupture disc, Internal cooling, thermowell
(with temp. sensor), gas inlet & liquid
sampling needle, valve with common dip
tube (sparger), Ball valve for powder/Liquid
inlet (10-100Ltrs), flush bottom valve
(10-100 Ltrs)
Body & Head Sealing
Split clamp type quick opening system with
(Refer page 18 for details) clamp bolts & flat gasket (N)
Gasket
Head Mounting Style
Motor & Drive

Stirrer RPM
Shaft Sealing (Refer pg. 20)

Stirrer
Heating System
Control Panel
Mounting
Power Supply
SS-316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Nickel, Inconel,

Titanium, Tantalum, Tantalum lined, Zirconium etc.
I. 200 bar (3000 psi) for 50 ml - 25 ltr.
II. 350 bar (5000 psi) for 50 ml - 10 ltr.
III.690 bar (10000 psi) for 100 ml - 2 ltr.
I. 350C (662F)
II. 500C (932F) (50 ml - 25 ltr.)
III.650C (1202F) (750 ml - 2 ltr.)
I. Ball valve for powder / liquid inlet (BVP) (450 ml - 5 ltr.),
II. Flush bottom valve(FBV) (450 ml - 5 ltr.)
III.Serpentine cooling coil (SCC)(450 ml - 100 ltr.)
IV. Pressure safety valve (PSV)
I. Split taper clamp with bolts (T)

II. Split clamp with O ring & without clamp bolts (V)
III.Threaded clamp & vessel with O ring seal (C)
IV. Nut & bolts with flange & gasket (Z)
PTFE (upto 350C)
Metallic Grafoil (for temperature >350C)
Removable head and vessel design (H)
I. Fixed head design with removable vessel & heater
(manual)- for 50ml 1lit size (K)
II. Fixed head design with removable vessel & heater
(motorized) for 450ml 5lit size (M)
III.Fixed head Design with removable vessel & heater
(Hydraulic) for 10Ltrs 100Ltrs) (M)
Non flame proof (NX)
I. Flameproof (Explosion proof) AC motor for Group IIA &
IIB gases (XB)
II. Flame proof/ Ex-proof certified for group IIC gases like
H2 (XC)
III.Compact in line brushless DC motor (50ml 25lit) (BD)
I. 100 - 1450 rpm variable speed (25 ml - 5 ltr.) I. 2900 rpm (Up to 5 ltr. Autoclaves)
II. 100 - 750 rpm (10 ltr. - 100 ltr.)
II. 1450 rpm (for 10 ltr. -25 ltr.)
III.50 - 440 rpm (50 - 100 ltr.)
Zero leakage Magnetic Drive coupling
Refer page 21
I. 4 bladed pitch blade turbine (50ml - 250ml) Hollow shaft with gas induction Impeller,
II. 6 bladed pitch blade turbine (450ml - 100ltr.) propeller, anchor, spiral, Ruston turbine, paddle.
Electrical ceramic band heater with ceramic
I. Flame proof/Ex-proof certified Aluminum cast heater
wool insulation cladding (EC)
for IIB + H2 gases (EA)
II. SS 304 Jacket for oil / steam heating (IS)
III.External electrical heater on SS jacket with oil inside (JH)
IV. Limpet Coil - for 50 -100 Ltrs (LC)
Compact SS control Panel with
I. Digital temperature indicator in flameproof
microprocessor based programmable PID
enclosure with SS control panel mounted at a safe
temperature controller cum indicator,
distance of 10m (FTI)
variable motor speed drive & other digital
II. Flame proof Group IIA / IIB (F2B) or IIC (F2C) control
indicators/ controllers (as ordered) mounted
panel.
on it
III.Touch screen panel (TSP)
I. Table top (TT) (50 ml 250 ml)
I. SS trolley (50 ml 250 ml) (TL)
II. SS trolley (TL) (450 ml 100 ltr.)
II. SS table top (upto 2 ltr.) (TT)
III.Floor stand (25 - 100 ltr.) (FS)
IV. Lugs (20 - 100 ltr.) (LG)
1, 220 V AC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz (S2) upto 10 ltr.
1, 110 V AC, 60 Hz (S1) upto 5 ltr.
3, 400 V AC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz (T4) 20 - 100 ltr.
3, 230 V AC, 60 Hz (T2) 10 - 100 ltr.
For certificate options refer page 3.

For product coding to inquire / order refer page 2 & 3.
04
OPTIONAL
Other volumes can be customized, if possible
Technical Specifications - Stirred Autoclaves

Sr. Autoclave Minimum
No. volume stirrable
volume
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
25 ml
50 ml
100 ml
250 ml
450 ml
750 ml
1 ltr.
2 ltrs.
5 ltrs.
10 ltrs.
20 ltrs.
25 ltrs.
50 ltrs.
75 ltrs.
100 ltrs.
12 ml
20 ml
20 ml
50 ml
60 ml
60 ml
130 ml
130 ml
360 ml
1 ltr.
2.6 ltrs.
2.6 ltrs.
6 ltrs.
8 ltrs.
12 ltrs.
Vessel AC Motor
internal
hp
height
mm
30
40
1/4
40
63
1/4
40
83
1/4
65
80
1/4
75
118
1/4
75
193
1/4
101.6
163
1/4
101.6
303
1/4
152
310
1/4
183
400
1/2
248
495
1/2
248
595
1/2
355/343 558/600
1
396/384 600/650
1
456/440 699/735
1
Vessel
I/D
mm
Overall dimensions
table top/floor stand
model without panel*
W x D x H (mm)
275 x 230 x 780
275 x 230 x 780
275 x 230 x 780
275 x 230 x 780
320 x 270 x 900
320 x 270 x 980
355 x 310 x 925
355 x 310 x 1065
420 x 355 x 1350
585 x 560 x 1550
585 x 560 x 1700
585 x 560 x 1800
675 x 675 x 2350
725 x 725 x 2350
780 x 780 x 2350
Overall dimensions
trolley model
WxDxH
(mm)
1010 x 410 x 1300
1010 x 410 x 1300
1010 x 410 x 1300
1010 x 410 x 1300
1010 x 410 x 1340
1010 x 410 x 1340
1040 x 410 x 1350
1040 x 410 x 1350
1100 x 410 x 1350
1310 x 585 x 1550
1310 x 585 x 1700
1310 x 585 x 1800
1500 x 675 x 2350
1500 x 725 x 2350
1550 x 780 x 2350
Powder/
liquid
inlet size
(inch)
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
1/4"
1/4"
1/4"
1/4"
1/4"
1/2"
3/4"
3/4"
1"
1"
1"
Flush
bottom
valve
dia. (mm)
N.A.
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
15
15
15
25
25
25
Note:
* Panel size is 300 x 300 x 300mm (For standard 1 phase supply & 400 W x 380 D x 340 H mm for 3 phase supply with temp, RPM and Pressure controllers) for other
accessories it may change.
Standard power rating: 1 ph, 230 V, 15 amp upto 5 ltr., 20 amp for 10 ltr. & 3 ph, 415 V, 32 amp for 20 - 100 ltr.
The dimensions are for table top models upto 2 ltrs. & floor stand models from 5 ltrs to 100 ltrs.
The above specifications are for design pressure of 100 bar (except 50 to 100 ltr. is for 50/100 bar) & 350 C temperature and MOC SS316. The same may change for
higher pressure/ temperature & different MOC autoclaves.
Overall dimensions are indicative, they may change depending on the optional accessories or specific design modifications opted.
Maximum reaction volume will be 75% of net filling volume (i.e. autoclave volume).
Since development is a continuous process, the above specifications are subject to change without prior notice.
05
Interchangeable Stirred Metal Autoclaves- IM

a) Autoclaves with common head, external fittings, panel, motor, trolley etc. &
interchangeable separate 2nos. vessel, heater & internal fittings (possible for 50ml & 100ml,
450ml & 750ml, 1Ltr. & 2Ltrs autoclaves). Amar does not promote this option as this is
possible in autoclaves having same diameter, only the height being different the minimum
stirrable volume is same hence it is advisable to go for only higher volume autoclave as
changing the internal fittings like cooling coil & thermowell is not advisable regularly (if not
refitted properly, user may face leakage problem). Fixed head design is mandatory for this
option.
b) Interchangeable, any 2 different size autoclaves with common panel, motor & trolley. If
space is the constraint, cost of panel, motor & trolley of one autoclave can be saved but the
user loses the flexibility of using 2 autoclaves at a time. This option is possible for 50ml5Ltrs., any two size autoclaves at a time.
50ml & 100ml interchangeable

reactors with fixed head design (k)
For technical specifications refer pg. 4 & 5 & for coding to inquire / order refer pg. 2 & 3
Multiple Overhead Stirred Autoclave System (M4, M6)

4 or 6 parallel reactor can be offered on the same mounting with common control panel with
complete data acquisition on PC & optionally individual gas mass flow controllers to control &
indicate the gas consumed (ideal for hydrogenation). The system can have all reactors of same
(preferable) or different sizes. Simultaneous reactions can be carried on each reactor with
different parameters & comparative studies can be done from the data received. It saves lot of
space, cost & helps in advanced & faster research i.e. high throughput testing.
Salient Features:
25ml - 5 ltr parallel 4 or 6 autoclaves can be offered.
Optional common PC / HMI / Touch screen to monitor all the parameters of all autoclaves
on single screen.
Very compact & economical.
For technical specifications refer pg. 4 & 5 & for coding to inquire / order refer pg. 2 & 3
FLP M6 model with remote common

control panel & PC
M4 model with 100 ml autoclaves & common panel
M4 model with 250 ml autoclaves & common panel
06
M6 model with fixed head design & inline BLDC motors
High Through-put Catalyst Screening System M4 / M6 - Fully Automated (HCS)

Faster Screening of Catalysts by running all in parallel with
similar conditions
Volumes: 25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 250 ml, 450 ml, 750 ml, 4 or 6
nos. parallel autoclaves
Pressure: 30 bar (Optional upto 200 bar)
Temperature: 150 C (Optional upto 250 C)
MOC: SS 316, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Inconel, Titanium etc.
Fully automated process without human intervention with
manual mode for emergency/ malfunction/ bypass
SCADA software with suitable laptop for remote set points,
recording & control of temperature, pressure, speed control, H2
gas flow rates, total H2 consumed with batch report & online /
history graphs
Programming for leak test, N2 / H2 flushing, temperature
profile, speed control, H2 purging, pressure control with H2 gas
uptake, cooling, vent etc.
Safety alarm & interlock for high & low temperature / pressure
& suitable safety rupture discs
Very compact to fit in fume hood & highly advanced
Complete SS construction
For technical specification refer pg. 4 & 5 & for product coding to
inquire / order refer pg. 2 & 3. Prefix the model with HCS for fully
automated system.
ECO Catalyst Screening System (ECS)

Salient Features
Parallel 6 no. reactor vessels of each 25ml volume.
Design pressure of 100 bar at 250C.
Maximum stirring speed 1000 RPM.
MOC SS 316, Hastelloy C, Inconel, Monel & Titanium etc.
Very compact & economical system.
Ideal for high through-put catalyst screening or pressure reactions.
Common bottom stirrer, heating & cover plate for 6 vessels.
Optional glass/ PTFE liner available.
07
Stirred Autoclaves - Various Models
(a) 100 ml bench top model
(b) 2 ltr. floor stand model
(c) 2 ltr. removable head trolley model
(d) 2 ltr. taper clamp autoclave mounted

on aluminum trolley
(e) 5 ltr. metal vessel with

PEEK / PTFE wetted parts
(f) 5 ltr trolley model
(h) 25 ltr trolley model
(i) 100 lit autoclave with hydraulic head

raising lowering arrangement
(g) 10 ltr. autoclave with taper clamp sealing
08
Bottom Stirred Autoclaves (B)
BM4 model with multiple 4 no.

250 ml stirred reactors
Specifications:
DESCRIPTION
Volume (net water
filling capacity)
Material of construction
(MOC) wetted parts
Design Pressure
Design Temperature
Nozzles, Valves & Fittings
Bottom stirred with automatic pressure control system
STANDARD
25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 250 ml, 450 ml, 750 ml,
1 ltr. & 2 ltr. net filling capacity
SS-316
100 bar (1450 psi)

200C (482F)
Pressure gauge, vent needle valve, safety
rupture disc, Internal cooling, thermowell
tube (sparger)
Body & Head Sealing
Gasket
Head Mounting Style
Stirrer RPM
Stirrer
Heating System
Control Panel
Mounting
Power supply
PTFE
300 1000 infinite variable speed
Bottom magnetic stirrer & Teflon bar
Electrical ceramic band heater with
insulation (EC)
Built in control panel with microprocessor
based programmable P.I.D temperature
controller with high temperature alarm
system & amp motor speed indicator
mounted on it
Table top (TT)
1 ph 220 V AC, 50 / 60 Hz (S2)
OPTIONAL
Multiple autoclaves 4 nos. or 6 nos. of same volume
SS-316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Inconel, Titanium,
Tantalum, Tantalum lined, Zirconium etc.
200 bar (3000 psi) (for 50ml 750ml)
N.A
I. Ball valve for powder / liquid inlet (BVP)
II. Pressure safety valve (PSV)
III. serpentine cooling coil (SCC)
III. Threaded clamp & vessel with O ring seal (C)
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
SS trolley (TL)
1 ph 110 V AC, 50 / 60 Hz (S1)
Technical Specifications - Non-Stirred Autoclaves

Sr No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Autoclave
Volume
25 ml
50 ml
100 ml
250 ml
450 ml
750 ml
1 Ltr.
2 Ltr.
4 x 25 ml / 50 ml / 250 ml
4 x 450 ml / 750 ml
4 x 1 Ltr. /2 Ltr.
Minimum Stirrable
Volume
12 ml
20 ml
25 ml
50 ml
60 ml
60 ml
130 ml
130 ml
Vessel
ID (mm)
30
40
45
65
75
75
101.6
101.6
Vessel Internal
Height (mm)
40
60
80
80
115
190
163
303
Dimension
(W x D x H) (mm)
280 x 320 x 480
280 x 320 x 480
280 x 320 x 480
280 x 320 x 480
280 x 320 x 500
280 x 320 x 570
400 x 400 x 710
400 x 400 x 850
935 x 320 x 480
1200 x 320 x 500 / 570
1500 x 400 x 710 / 850
09
Low Pressure Stirred Autoclave/Reactor (L)

Specifications:
DESCRIPTION
Volume (net water
filling capacity)
STANDARD
500 ml, 1 ltr., 2 ltr., 5 ltr., 10 ltr., 25 ltr., 50 ltr.,
100 ltr. net filling capacity
OPTIONAL
N.A
Material of construction SS-316

(MOC) wetted parts
SS-316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Nickel, Inconel, Titanium,

Design Pressure
20 bar (290 psi)
N.A
Design Temperature
250C (482F)
I. 350C (662F)
II. 500C (932F) (50 ml - 100 ltr.)
III. 650C (1202F) (450 ml - 2 ltr.)
Nozzles, Valves & Fittings Pressure gauge, vent needle valve, Pressure
I. Ball valve for powder / liquid inlet (BVP) (500 ml - 5 ltr.)
(Refer page 18 for details) safety valve, Internal cooling, thermowell
II. flush bottom valve(FBV) (500 ml - 5 ltr.)
III. serpentine cooling coil (SCC) (500 ml - 100 ltr.)
sampling needle, valve with common dip tube
(sparger), Ball valve for powder/Liquid inlet
(10 - 100 ltr.), flush bottom valve (10 - 100 ltr.)
Body & Head Sealing
Nut & bolts with flange & gasket (Z)
N.A
Gasket
PTFE (upto 350C)
Head Mounting Style

I. Fixed head design with removable vessel & heater Refer

(manual)- for 500 ml 1 ltr. size (K)
(motorized) for 500 ml 5 ltr. size (M)
III. Fixed head Design with removable vessel & heater
(Hydraulic) for 10 ltr. 100 ltr.) (M)
Motor & Drive


IIB gases (XB)
H2 (XC)
III. Compact in line brushless DC motor (520ml - 25 ltr.) (BD)
Stirrer RPM
I. 100 - 1450 rpm variable speed (25ml - 5ltr.) I. 2900 rpm (Up to 5lit Autoclaves)
II. 100 - 750 rpm (10 ltr. - 100 ltr.)
II. 1450 rpm (for 10 ltr. - 25 ltr.)
III. 50 - 440 rpm (50 - 100 ltr.)
Shaft Sealing (Refer pg. 20) Zero leakage Magnetic Drive coupling
Refer page 21
Stirrer
I. 4 bladed pitch blade turbine (50ml - 250ml) Hollow shaft with gas induction Impeller, propeller, anchor,
(Refer page 21 for details) II. 6 bladed pitch blade turbine (450ml-100ltr.) spiral, Ruston turbine, paddle.
Heating System
Electrical ceramic band heater with ceramic
(Refer page 22 for details) wool insulation cladding (EC)
I. Flame proof/Ex-proof certified Aluminum cast heater for

IIB + H2 gases (EA)
II. SS 304 Jacket for oil / steam heating (IS)
III. External electrical heater on SS jacket with oil inside (JH)
IV. Limpet Coil - for 50 -100 Ltrs (LC)
Control Panel
Compact SS - control Panel with
I. Digital temperature indicator in flameproof enclosure
(Refer page 22 for details) microprocessor based programmable PID
with SS control panel mounted at a safe distance of
temperature controller cum indicator, variable
10m (FTI)
motor speed drive & other digital indicators / II. Flame proof Group IIA / IIB (F2B) or IIC (F2C) control
controllers (as ordered) mounted on it
panel.
III. Touch screen panel (TSP)
Mounting
I. Table top (TT) (50ml 250ml)

II. SS trolley (TL) (450ml 100lit)
I. SS trolley (50ml 250ml) (TL)

II. SS table top (upto 2lit) (TT)
III. Floor stand (25-100 Ltrs) (FS)
IV. Lugs (20-1000 Ltrs) (LG)
Power Supply
1, 220 V AC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz (S2)

3, 400 V AC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz (T4)
1, 110 V AC, 60 Hz (S1)

3, 230 V AC, 60 Hz (T2)
10
1 ltr. table top model jacketed reactor

with full length view window
Technical Specifications - Low Pressure Reactor

Size
500ML
1L
2L
5L
10L
25L
50L
100L
Minimum Vessel
Stirrable
ID
Volume (mm)
60ml
85
160ml
117
160ml
117
400ml
168
1.4Ltr.
195
3Ltrs.
260
8Ltrs.
363
14Ltrs.
468
Vessel
Height
(mm)
108
153
288
290
385
500
626
777
Motor
HP
Heater
KW
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/2
1/2
1
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2.5
3.5
5
10.5
13.5
Table Top / Floor

Stand (Without Panel)
(W x D x H) (mm)
320 x 270 x 980
355 x 310 x 925
355 x 310 x 1065
420 x 355 x 1350
585 x 560 x 1550
600 x 560 x 1800
675 x 675 x 2350
780 x 780 x 2350
Trolley
(W x D x H)
(mm)
1010 x 410 x 1340
1040 x 410 x 1350
1040 x 410 x 1350
1100 x 410 x 1350
1310 x 585 x 1550
1310 x 600 x 1800
1500 x 675 x 2350
1550 x 780 x 2350
Powder /
Liquid
Inlet Size
1/4"
1/4"
1/4"
1/4"
1/2"
3/4"
1"
1"
Flush Bottom
Valve Dia (mm)
(if Jacket)
10
10
10
10
15
15
25
25
Note:
* Panel size is 300 x 300 x 300mm (For standard 1 phase supply & 400 W x 380 D x 340 H mm for 3 phase supply with temp, RPM and Pressure controllers) for other
Continuous Flow Stirred Tank Reactors System (CSTR)

This system is used when the product is developed / produced on continuous basis for
better productivity. In such system gases & liquids are added continuously in stirred
reactor & product is recovered on continuous basis at high pressure & temperature. Such
system may employ 1 or more reactors in series. When connected in series the overflow
of 1st becomes the inlet to 2nd & so on. They are available in sizes from 100ml to 100 Ltr.
Such system is normally supplied with multiple inlets & outlets for addition &
transfer/removal of gases & liquids for accessories to such systems refer below
Specially designed high pressure continuous slurry charging system is offered when
suitable pumps are not available for slurry.
Gas mass flow controller, metering pumps, level controller, catalyst filtration system with
SCADA software etc. are provided for a typical hydrogenation application.
For technical specification refer pg. 10 for low pressure CSTR upto 20 bar & pg. 4 for high
pressure upto 100 bar.
11
Glass Autoclaves (G)

Specifications:
DESCRIPTION
Volume (net water
filling capacity)
STANDARD
100 ml, 250 ml, 450 ml, 750 ml, 1 ltr. & 2 ltr.
net filling capacity
OPTIONAL
N.A.
Material of construction Borosilicate glass cylinder with other wetted

(MOC) wetted parts
parts of SS-316
I. Jacketed / non-jacketed glass with wetted parts of PTFE/

PTFE coated SS316, Hastelloy C, Titanium, Monel,
Inconel, Nickel, Zirconium, Tantalum lined etc
II. Glass-PEEK inert autoclaves: All wetted parts of PEEK /
PTFE / PFA coated on SS316 (including lid, valves, fittings
& magnetic drive) with jacketed glass vessel
Design Pressure
6bar (87 psi)
10 bar (145 psi) upto 1 ltr.
Design Temperature
150C
200C for jacketed vessels (by circulation of hot oil through

jacket)
Nozzles, Valves & Fittings Pressure gauge, vent needle valve, Pressure
(Refer page 18 for details) safety valve, Internal cooling, thermowell
tube (sparger)
I. Ball valve for powder / liquid inlet (BVP)

II. Flush bottom valve(FBV) for jacketed vessel
III. Serpentine cooling coil (SCC) (450 ml - 2 ltr.)
Body & Head Sealing

Nut & bolts with flange & gasket (Z) for jacketed autoclave
Gasket
N.A
PTFE
Head Mounting Style


(manual) for 100 ml - 1 ltr. size (K)
(motorized) for 450 ml - 2 ltr. size (M)
Motor & Drive


IIB gases (XB)
H2 (XC)
III. Compact in line brushless DC motor (BD)
Stirrer RPM
2900 rpm
100 1450 rpm variable speed
Shaft Sealing (Refer Pg. 20) Zero leakage Magnetic Drive coupling
Refer page 20 -21
Stirrer
I. 4 bladed pitch blade turbine (50ml - 250ml)
(Refer page 21 for details) II. 6 bladed pitch blade turbine (450ml - 2ltr.)
Hollow shaft with gas induction Impeller, propeller, anchor,

spiral, Ruston turbine, paddle & specially designed stirrer
for highly viscous material
Heating System
Electrical plate heater from bottom (EC)
I. By circulation of hot oil through glass jacket

II. Triple walled double jacket glass vessel for heating &
vacuum insulation without pressure
Control Panel
Compact SS control Panel with
(Refer page 22 for details) microprocessor based programmable PID
temperature controller cum indicator,
variable motor speed drive & other digital
indicators/ controllers (as ordered)
mounted on it
I. Digital temperature indicator in flameproof enclosure

10m (EI)
II. Flame proof Group IIA / IIB (F2B) or IIC (F2C) control
panel.
III. Touch screen panel (TSP)
Mounting
I. Table top (TT)
I. SS trolley (TL)
II. Floor stand (FS)
Safety Shield
I. Polycarbonate transparent cover

provided for safety in case of breakage
N.A
Power Supply
1, 220 V AC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz (S2)
1, 110 V AC, 60 Hz (S1)

3, 230 V AC, 60 Hz (T2)
12
Only glass wetted parts

reactor without pressure
Glass-PEEK inert autoclave
Technical Specifications - Glass Autoclaves

Size
100ML
250ML
450ML
750ML
1L
2L
Minimum
Stirrable
Volume
20ml
50ml
60ml
60ml
130ml
130ml
Approx.
Vessel ID
(mm)
40
65
75
75
101.6
101.6
Vessel
Height
(mm)
83
80
118
193
163
303
Motor
HP
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
Table Top
(Without Panel)*
(W x D x H) (mm)
300 x 300 x 700
300 x 300 x 700
320 x 300 x 700
320 x 300 x 775
380 x 310 x 910
380 x 310 x 1050
Trolley
(W x D x H)
(mm)
1010 x 410 x 1450
1010 x 410 x 1450
1010 x 410 x 1450
1010 x 410 x 1525
1040 x 410 x 1660
1040 x 410 x 1800
Powder /
Liquid
Inlet Size
N.A.
N.A.
1/4"
1/4"
1/4"
1/4"
Flush Bottom
Valve Dia (mm)
(if Jacket)
N.A.
N.A.
10
10
10
10
Note:
* Panel size is 300 x 300 x 300mm (For standard panel with temp, RPM and Pressure controllers) for other accessories it may change.
Interchangeable Stirred Metal & Glass Autoclaves (IG)

Interchangeable glass cylinder assembly with top bottom SS / other metal flanges, external bottom plate heater or jacketted glass, pressure
safety valve & safety shield to fit in a existing standard metal autoclave for sizes from 100ml to 2Ltrs. The top lid, motor drive, panel etc. are
common. It is highly economical, compact & versatile. This option is available only with split clamp head sealing (N). For jacketted
interchangeable autoclave fixed head design is standard & for bottom heating model removable head design (H) is standard.
Design pressure (glass autoclave)
: 6 bar (kg/cm) or 85 psig.
Design pressure (metal autoclave)
: 100 bar
Design temperature (glass autoclave) : 150C (for electrical heating) / 200C
(for jacket heating).
Design temperature (metal autoclave) : 250 / 350 / 500C
All other specifications same as glass autoclave above.
Fixed Head Interchangeable

Jacketted glass & metal autoclave
Interchangeable triple walled double jacket

glass autoclaves of only glass wetted parts with
Hastelloy / PEEK magnetic drive's without pressure
2 ltr. Interchangeable SS & glass autoclaves

with bottom electrical heating
13
Non-Stirred Pressure Vessels (P)

Specifications:
DESCRIPTION
Volume (net water
filling capacity)
STANDARD
25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 250 ml, 450 ml, 750 ml,
1 ltr., 2 ltr., 5 ltr., 10 ltr., 20 ltr., 25 ltr., 50 ltr.,
75 ltr., 100 ltr. net filling capacity
OPTIONAL
Other volumes can be customized, if possible
Material of construction SS-316

(MOC) wetted part
SS-316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Nickel, Inconel, Titanium,

Design Pressure
100 bar (1450 psi)
I. 200 bar (3000 psi) for 25 ml - 25 ltr.

II. 350 bar (5000 psi) for 25 ml - 10 ltr.
III. 690 bar (10000 psi) for 100 ml - 2 ltr.
Design Temperature
250C (482F)
I. 350C (662F)
II. 500C (932F) for 50 ml - 100 ltr.
III. 650C (1202F) for 750 ml - 2 ltr.
Nozzles, Valves & Fittings Pressure gauge, vent needle valve, safety
(Refer page 18 for details) rupture disc, Internal cooling, thermowell
sampling needle, valve with common dip tube
(sparger), Ball valve for powder/Liquid inlet
(10 - 100 ltr.), flush bottom valve (10 - 100 ltr.)
I. Ball valve for powder / liquid inlet (BVP) (450 ml - 5 ltr.)

II. Flush bottom valve(FBV)(450ml-5Ltrs)
III. Serpentine cooling coil (SCC) (450 ml - 100 ltr.)
IV. Pressure safety valve (PSV)
Body & Head Sealing


III. Threaded clamp & vessel with O ring seal (C)
IV. Nut & bolts with flange & gasket (Z)
Gasket
PTFE (upto 350C)
Head Mounting Style


(manual)- for 50 ml - 1 ltr. size (K)
(motorized) for 450 ml - 5 ltr. size (M)
III. Fixed head Design with removable vessel & heater
(Hydraulic) for 10 ltr. - 100 ltr. (M)
Heating System
N.A
I. Electrical ceramic band heater with ceramic wool

insulation cladding (EC)
II. Flame proof/Ex-proof certified Aluminum cast heater for
IIB + H2 gases (EA)
III. SS 304 Jacket for oil / steam heating (IS)
IV. External electrical heater on SS jacket with oil inside (JH)
V. Limpet Coil - for 50 -100 ltr. (LC)
Control Panel
N.A
I. Compact SS control Panel with microprocessor based

programmable PID temperature controller cum
indicator, variable motor speed drive & other digital
indicators/ controllers (as ordered) mounted on it
II. Digital temperature indicator in flameproof enclosure
10m (FTI)
III. Flame proof Group IIA / IIB (F2B) or IIC (F2C) control
panel.
IV. Touch screen panel (TSP)
Mounting
I. Table top (TT) (50 ml 250 ml)

II. SS trolley (TL) (450 ml 100 ltr.)
I. SS trolley (25 ml 250 ml) (TL)

II. SS table top (upto 2 ltr.) (TT)
III. Floor stand (FS)
IV. Lugs (20-100 ltr.) (LG)
Power Supply
N.A
I. 1, 220 V AC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz (S2)

II. 3, 400 V AC, 50 Hz / 60 Hz (T4)
III. 1, 110 V AC, 60 Hz (S1)
IV. 3, 230 V AC, 60 Hz (T2)
For certification options refer page 3.

14
Technical Specifications - Non-Stirred Pressure Vessels

Autoclave Vessel I/D
Volume
(mm)
25 ml
30
50 ml
40
100 ml
40
250 ml
65
450 ml
75
750 ml
75
1 ltr.
101.6
2 ltrs.
101.6
5 ltrs.
152
10 ltrs.
183
20 ltrs.
248
25 ltrs.
248
50 ltrs.
355/343
75 ltrs.
396/384
100 ltrs.
456/440
Vessel Internal
Table Top / Floor Stand
Height (mm) Without Panel* (W x D x H) (mm)
40
280 x 280 x 250
63
275 x 230 x 500
83
275 x 230 x 500
80
275 x 230 x 500
118
320 x 270 x 620
193
320 x 270 x 700
163
355 x 310 x 645
303
355 x 310 x 785
310
420 x 355 x 1070
400
585 x 560 x 1230
495
600 x 560 x 1380
595
600 x 560 x 1480
558/600
675 x 675 x 1825
600/650
725 x 725 x 1825
699/735
780 x 780 x 1825
Trolley
(W x D x H) (mm)
N.A.
1010 x 410 x 1020
1010 x 410 x 1020
1010 x 410 x 1020
1010 x 410 x 1060
1010 x 410 x 1060
1040 x 410 x 1070
1040 x 410 x 1070
1100 x 410 x 1070
1310 x 585 x 1230
1310 x 600 x 1380
1310 x 600 x 1480
1500 x 675 x 1825
1500 x 725 x 1825
1550 x 780 x 1825
Powder / Liquid Flush Bottom

Inlet Size
Valve ID (mm)
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
8
N.A.
8
N.A.
8
1/4
10
1/4
10
1/4
10
1/4
10
1/4
10
1/2
15
3/4
15
3/4
15
1"
25
1"
25
1"
25
Note:
* Panel size is 300 x 300 x 300mm (For standard 1 phase supply & 400W x 380D x 340H mm for 3 phase supply with temp, RPM and Pressure controllers) for other
The above specifications are for design pressure of 100 bar (except 50 to 100 ltr. is for 50/100 bar) & 350 C temperature and MOC SS316. The same may change for
higher pressure/ temperature & different MOC autoclaves.
Since development is a continuous process, the above specifications are subject to change without prior notice.
Acid Digestion Bomb (D)

They are used for dissolving or digesting inorganic or organic samples in strong acids or alkalis in
chemically resistant teflon-lined vessels & lid at high temperature & pressures with complete
containment & recovery. They have no valves, nozzles, fittings or pressure gauge except a safety rupture
disc. The lid is openable with split clamp & bolt design.
Volume
: 25, 50, 250, 400 ml & 700ml
Max. design pressure : 100 bar optional: 200 bar
Design temperature : 180C (356F)
MOC
: SS316, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Nickel, Inconel, Titanium, Zirconium, Tantalum etc.
Optional
: Microwaveble digestion bombs can be manufactured from PEEK matarial
15
Material of Construction (MOC)

Material Selection Guide
All wetted parts are made from SS-316 as standard.
AMAR gives recommendation for material selection for

particular media, however it does not guarantee 100% corrosion
resistance of a particular M.O.C to a particular corrosive media,
as it also depends on various parameters like temperature,
pressure, concentration etc. of the reactions. Reactor vessels of
MOC SS316, upto 5 ltrs. are machined from rolled / forged bar
stock & reactors above 5 ltrs. are normally fabricated from
plates. The lid is always from rolled / forged bar stock upto
100 lit. SS316 autoclaves. The material listed below may not be
available in all possible sizes.
Optional:
SS-316L, Hastelloy B/C, Titanium, Monel, Nickel, Inconel,
Zirconium, Tantalum, Carbon Steel etc. for different liquids
corrosive to SS-316. Other special alloys like A286, Alloy 20,
duplex steel etc. can also be offered.
Note: Amar offers all the internal & optionally external wetted parts
in the same material of construction as that of body & head to give
complete corrosion resisting autoclaves.
Most of the above material are available for stirred, non-stirred,
fabricated, glass & shaker autocalves.
GENERAL CORROSION PROPERTIES OF SOME METALS AND ALLOYS* :

RATINGS
0. Unsuitable:. Not available in form required or not suitable for fabrication requirements or not suitable for corrosion conditions.
1. Poor to fair
2. Fair: For mild conditions or when periodic replacement is possible. Restricted use.
3. Fair to good
4. Good: Suitable when superior alternative are uneconomical
5. Good to excellent
6. Normally excellent
Small variations in service condition may appreciably affect corrosion. Choice of material is therefore guided wherever possible by a
combination of experience and laboratory and site tests.
Materials
Non-oxidizing or reducing media

Acid
Neutral
Alkaline solutions e.g.
solutions,
solutions,
Caustic
Ammonium
excluding
e.g.
and mild
hydroxide
hydrochlomany
alkalies,
and
ric, PhosNonexcluding
amines
phoric,
oxidizing
ammonium
sulfuric,
salt
hydroxide
(most
solutions,
condition
chlorides,
many
sulfates
organics)
Liquids
Oxidizing Media
Acid
Neutral
Pitting
solutions,
or
media,
e.g.
alkaline
acid ferric
nitirc
solutions
chloride
e.g. per
solutions
sulfates,
peroxides,
chromates
Gases
Halogen and derivatives
Halogen
Halide
Moist,
Dry, e.g.
acids,
e.g.,
fluorine
moist, e.g.
chlorine
above
hydrochloric
below
dew point
hydrolysis
dew
products
point
of organic
halides
Hydrogen
halides,
dry, e.g.,
dry,
Hydrogen
chloride,
C
Stainless Steel,
(SS 316)
4<220
3<400
Hastelloy C
276
4<400
3<480
Hastelloy B
4<400
3<480
Inconel 600
5<220
4<480
Monel 400
6<220
3<400
2<480
Nickel 200commercial
6<220
5<400
4<480
Titanium
Zirconium
*From perry, chemical engineer's handbook
16
Stainless Steel 316/316L
Inconel 600
SS316 & 316L has almost identical corrosion resistance properties,

only that 316L is a low carbon stainless steel.
It has excellent corrosion resistance to
Most organic acid systems like acetic, formic etc.
Ammonia & most ammonia compounds
Many salts except chlorides
Most commercial gases at moderate temperature & pressures.
Hydrogen chloride, fluoride & chloride in scrupulously anhydrous
systems
It has poor resistance to
Organic halides
Dilute sulfuric, sulfurous, phosphoric & nitric acids at high
temperatures & pressures.
Halogen acids at low temperature & in dilute forms
Caustics, halogen salts, chlorides
Hastelloy C 276 / C22/ C2000

It is a nickel, chromium, molybdenum alloy that has the widest
corrosion resistance & is the most widely used alloy for corrosive
media & next most popular after SS316
It has excellent corrosion resistance to
Variety of chloride compounds & chlorine contaminated material
Strong oxidizing chloride solutions such as wet chlorine &
hydrochloride & sodium hypochlorite solutions
Concentrated hydrochloric, sulfuric & phosphoric acids
Depending on the application C276, C22 or C2000 can be selected but
C276 is the most common & easily available grade.
Hastelloy B2
It is a nickel molybdenum alloy & offers excellent corrosion resistance
to solutions of hydrochloric, sulfuric & phosphoric acid in all
concentrations & at all temperatures in the absence of oxidizing
agents.
Alloy 230
It combines excellent high temperature strength & oxidation
resistance with superior long term stability. It has most resistance to
nitriding. It is also resistant to carburization & aqueous corrosion.
Monel 400
It has more better resistance than nickel in reducing environments. It
has excellent corrosion resistance to
Caustic Solutions
Chloride salts
Fluorine & hydrogen fluoride
It has poor resistance to nitric acid & ammonia systems.
It is a nickel alloy & offers excellent resistance to

Caustic & chlorides at high temperature & pressure when sulfur
compounds are present.
Also suitable for very high temperature applications.
Reducing - oxidizing environment
Sulfur free gases
Nickel 200/201
It offers excellent corrosion resistance to
Handling concentrated alkalis
Hot caustic environment
Chlorinated solvents & Phenol
Titanium Gr 2 / Gr 4
It is lighter material & has excellent corrosion resistance to
Oxidizing agents such as aqua regia & other mixed acids
Nitric acid at all concentrations except red fuming nitric acid
Chloride ions, ferric chloride, cupric chloride & other hot
chloride solutions.
Mild reducing media such as sulfuric & hydrochloric acid
Titanium burns vigorously in presence of oxygen at high
temperatures & pressures.
The material becomes softer above 200C & hence not advisable
above 200C.
Zirconium
It offers excellent corrosion resistance to
Reducing environments
All chlorides except ferric & cupric
Hydrochloride & sulfuric acids below 70% concentrations.
Phospheric, nitric acids & alkaline solutions.
It has poor resistance to oxidizing agents.
Tantalum
Tantalum is practically inert to many oxidizing & reducing acids. It
offers the best & most outstanding resistance to wide variety of
corrosive media including hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric &
phosphoric acids. It is attacked by hot alkalis & hydrofluoric acid.
The costs are prohibitive, however tantalum liner or tantalum lined
wetted parts can be offered. Small sizes such as 50ml - 700ml
can be manufactured completely in Tantalum. The maximum
temperatures are restricted upto 250C only.
Chemical Composition of material of construction of autoclave (Major Elements in %)

Sr. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Material
Stainless Steel SS316
Hastelloy-C276
Hastelloy-B2
Alloy - 230
Monel - 400
Fe
60-67
4-7
2
3
2
Ni
9-12
55-63
67-71
57
65
Cr
18-21
14.5-16.5
1
22
6.
7.
8.
9.
Inconel - 600
Nickel - 200
Titanium Gr. 2/Gr. 4
Zirconium 702
6-10
0.4
73-80
14-17
99.4
99% Pure Titanium

95.5 Zr, 4.5 HF
Mo
2-3
15-17
26-30
2
C
0.08
0.01
0.01
0.1
0.3
0.15
0.15
Other
2.0 Si, 1.5 Mn
Co 2.5, 3-4.5W
Co 1
5 Co, 14W
2.3 - 3.1 Al,
0.35-0.85 Ti, 30 Cu
17
Autoclave Specifications
Nozzles, Valves & Fittings
Pressure gauge, vent needle valve, safety rupture disc (rated to rupture at MAWP), internal
cooling coil, thermowell (with RTD-PT-100 temp. Sensor) gas inlet & liquid sampling needle
valves with a common dip tube (sparger) upto the bottom.
(a)
Optional:
a) Ball valve with funnel (BVP) for powder / slurry / liquid inlet. These are valves with 1/42 size, depending on autoclave volume they can be used for charging solids or liquid
slurry at atmospheric pressure or higher pressure, if high pressure liquid charging pot is
also ordered.
b) Flush bottom valve (FBV) with almost zero dead volume (some times additional ball valve
at the outlet of flush bottom valve can be provided on special request).
c) Serpentine cooling coil (SCC) instead of helical for easy cleaning (450ml to 100 ltrs.)
d) Diaphragm pressure gauge: Teflon coated SS diaphragm (PDS), Hastelloy C (PDC) /
Tantalum (PDT) etc. diaphragm pressure gauge or Monal pressure gauge (DGM) for
corrosive media in non SS autoclaves.
(b)
Options (a) & (b) are standard for 10ltrs & above autoclaves.
Options (a), (b) & (c) are available in most materials.
(d)
(c)
Body & Head Sealing

i) Split clamp bolt design (N):
Split clamp type quick opening system with clamp bolts & tongue & groove sealing with
PTFE head gasket for temperatures upto 350C & metallic grafoil head gasket for
temperatures upto 500C for reactors upto 100ltrs. The split clamps are held in position
together by a latch to prevent flying of clamps in event of accidental over pressure. This
design is available upto 350 bar pressure.
ii) Taper clamp design (T):

Taper split clamp type quick opening design with 2 clamp bolts & tongue & groove sealing
with PTFE head gasket for temperatures upto 350C & metallic grafoil head gasket for
temperatures upto 500Cfor reactors upto 100ltrs. The split clamps can be tightened
together with 2 bolts with hand to give leak tight seal. This design is available upto 350 bar
pressure.
iii) Self sealing design (V):

The head & body can alternatively be sealed by a self sealing design in which there are no
clamp bolts. Only the split clamps & Viton / Kalrez 'O' ring can be used to give sealing
under pressure. The head with 'O' ring is fixed to the body by just sliding the split clamps
with latch. This is very easy & convenient for closing & opening the autoclave. However
with Viton 'O' ring max. temp. is 225C & with Kalrez max temperature is 275C. Although
Kalrez has better chemical resistance than Viton but the same is exhorbitantly expensive.
This sealing can be offered for pressures of 100 bar only. While selecting a Viton 'O' ring
customers have to check the suitability with solvents, ammonia etc. as Viton gets easily
attacked by many of them. This design is available upto 2 lit. size only.
iv)Threaded sealing (C):
For 50 ml - 250 ml vessels there is alternative 'O' ring seal design with threaded clamp &
threaded vessel for ease of opening & tightening by hand. This design can be offered for
pressures upto 690 bar (10000 psi) & temperature upto 275C for Viton & 275C for Karlz
oring.
18
Head Mounting Style

Removable Head Design (H)
This is the most commonly used option & available for all sizes of autoclaves. Here the body
rests on the stand / trolley & the head is lifted for charging, discharging & cleaning. Also the
vessel is removable for charging / discharging / cleaning. This option is more common as the
head & vessel can be taken out easily for pressure testing, fitting accessories, servicing etc. & is
more economical. The head can be lifted & lowered by chain pulley or hydraulic arrangement
on special request.
Optional: Fixed Head Design (K / M)
In this system the head of the autoclave is fixed with motor stand & the vessel & heater are
raised & lowered manually by sliding or manually by rotating screw or electrically by motor &
gear box or hydraulically. The vessel or heater can be slided manually up & down for assembly
or disassembly for 50 ml to 250 ml autoclaves, manually screwed up & down for 450 ml to 1 lit.
autoclaves & motorized lift is provided for 450 ml & 5 ltr.& hydraulic lift for 10 - 100 ltr.
autoclaves. This system is useful when head of the autoclave has lot of fittings & accessories,
making it difficult to lift the head & detach all the fittings after every batch. Also removing the
heater for faster cooling & ease of lifting or lowering the vessel is advantageous.
50ml & 100ml interchangeable
reactors with fixed head design (k)
1 litr. fixed head design with manual screwed raising lowering (k)
2 liter fixed head with motorized lift (m)
Motor & Drive

a) Top mounted ACmotor
Non flameproof CE marked (NX) - Flameproof (FLP)/ Explosion proof AC motor (for Group IIA/
IIB gases-XB) suitable in hazardous area for all flammable liquids / gases except hydrogen &
acetylene with variable frequency drive & stirrer RPM indication. The motor is coupled to the
magnetic drive directly by specially designed coupling ensuring quick engagement &
disengagement of motor from autoclave head. The direct coupling eliminates pulleys, belts &
minimizes transmission loses, noise, vibrations & maintenance. The frequency drive can
indicate motor current / Torque % (on selection). This is useful to monitor the change in
viscosity of the liquid under stirring. The frequency drive is mounted on a common control
panel. It has the facility to trip the motor on any overload, over voltage or over current.
Non FLP
AC motor
IIA, IIB
FLP motor
Variable speed drive
IIC FLP motor
Motor with
gear box
RPM Range: 100 - 1450

Motor Options:
Flameproof AC Motor group IIC (XC), Ideal for H2 gas.
Motors with gear box can be offered for stirring highly viscous material at low rpm & are
standard for 50-100 lit reactors (50 - 440 rpm).
Motors with 2900 rpm for stirring at high speeds.
b)Compact Motor Drive (BD):
Compact inline brushless DC motor & magnetic drive (refer Pg. 8 for the same) & speed
controller with indicator for 300-1200 rpm for 50 ml - 5 ltr. & 300 - 750 rpm for 10 - 25 ltr.
autoclaves. Very compact, economical & light weight. No external rotating part.
(b)
19
Zero Leakage Magnetic Drive Coupling

Application
These couplings are extremely useful for high pressure or high vacuum applications
where leakages are not permitted for continuous running. They have replaced the gland
& mechanical sealing.
Construction & Working

It is a zero leakage maintenance free coupling directly driven by the motor. It consists of
external magnet rotor, which is driven by the motor. A stationery shell is threaded /
bolted / press fitted to reactor head & completely isolates the external rotor from the
inner rotor. As the external rotor rotates, the internal rotor also rotates in synchronism.
The reactors shaft is threaded / bolted / keyed to the inner rotor. High energy
permanent rare earth magnets are fixed inside the inner & outer rotors. A water cooling
jacket protects the magnets & other components from excessive temperature arising
from the reactor.
coupled directly
to motor
outer rotor
inner magnet
outer magnet
inner rotor
drive threaded to
reactor head
Benefits of Magnetic Drive Coupling

Over Gland / Mechanical Sealing
The gland/mechanical sealing needs replacement after every 200-1000 hrs of working
depending on application & have limitation of maximum pressure where as magnetic
drive can run virtually life long without leakage with minimum maintenance & can be
designed for pressures upto 10,000 psi.
Very useful for long or round the clock reactions as in gland/mechanical sealing if there
is any leakage midway, the whole batch may go waste.
Zero leakage implies zero breakdown & zero maintenance, hence large savings in
maintenance costs for years.
Safe while using toxic & hazardous chemicals as its leakage is totally prevented.
No waste of expensive liquids through leakage.
Almost no losses since these are friction free in synchronous operations.
Minimum vibration transmission & hence smooth running.
The coupling is flexible & hence any over load results in coupling slippage, thus
preventing any breakage of coupling, shaft or failure of motor.
Magnetically Coupled Compact Stirrer (BD)
Top mounted compact integral Inline motor & magnetic drive.

Zero leakage during rotation under vacuum & under pressure.
No external rotation, rotation inside housing.
Noiseless, vibration free with infinite variable speed regulator & indicator.
No stand for motor mounting required, hence no alignment, vibration & noise
problems.
Light weight, economical & very compact & hence occupies very less table space.
Brushless DC motor with BL DC drive & RPM indicator.
Available for autoclaves from 50ml - 25 ltrs. volumes.
RPM: 300 - 1200 for 50 ml - 5 ltr.
300 - 750 for 10 ltr. - 25 ltr.
20
Cross-Sectional view of Magnetic drive connected

to reactor vessel.
Magnetic Drive Coupling Specifications

Models - Magnetic Drive
M-Series
: Magnetic drives for metal autoclaves.
MM-Series
: Inline motor & magnetic drive for metal autoclaves.
Note: The number after the series indicates the torque capacity in Kg.cm for SS316 & standard
pressure rating, for other MOC's the actual torque may vary.
Various Models as per Torque Capacity

Sr.
No.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
(l)
Note:
M-Series
M-Series
Static torque capacity

Model No.
M08/MM08
M20/MM20
M40/MM40
M80/MM80
M120/MM120
M200/MM200
M400
M600
M1200
M1800
M2400
M3000
MM-Series
For reactor volume
Kg-cm.
N-m.
N-cm.
Lb-in.
Standard
Optional
8
20
40
80
120
200
400
600
1200
1800
2400
3000
0.78
1.96
3.92
7.85
11.7
19.6
39.2
58.8
117.6
177
235.2
294
78.5
196
392
785
1176
1960
3920
5880
11760
17700
23520
29400
6.93
17.3
34.6
69.2
104
173
346
520
1040
1560
2080
2600
25 ml
50 ml - 250 ml
450 ml - 5 ltr.
10 - 100 ltr.
50 ml - 250 ml
450 ml - 750 ml
450 ml - 5 ltr.
450 ml - 25 ltr.
100 - 500 ltr.

500 - 1000 ltr.
1000 - 2000 ltr.
2000 - 3000 ltr.
3000 - 5000 ltr.
5000 - 10,000 ltr.
Magnetic drives of higher torque capacity for reactors of any make can be designed on request. Higher or lower than recommended torque drives can
be used for particular reactor size depending on motor hp / viscosities / stirrer design etc.
Technical Specifications
Description
Standard
Optional
SS-316
Hastelloy C, Monel, Inconel, Zirconium, Titanium, PEEK*
Design pressure / max.

allowable working
pressure
Full Vacuum to 200 bar for (a) to (e),

100bar for (f) & (g),
50 bar for (h) - (i)
Upto 690 bar for (a) to (e)

Upto 350 bar for (f) & (g)
100 bar for (h) - (i)
Max. working temp. at

rated pressure
500C with water cooling jacket

& 200 C PEEK MOC
--
1450 for (a) to (e)

750 for (f) & (g)
500 for (h) to (i)
Upto 3000rpm for (a) to (e)

1500 rpm for (f) & (g)
M.O.C wetted parts
Maximum RPM
* For PEEK MOC, design pressure 10 bar @ 180C available in model no. (b), (C), (d) & (e) only with 50% torque.
* As the pressure increases torque will decrease for same models.
Stirrer Types
a) Single or two stage, 4/6 bladed pitch blade turbine type impeller
Optional:
b) Propeller.
c) Ruston turbine.
d) Paddle.
e) Hollow shaft for max. gas dispersion at higher rpm, Ideal for hydrogenation or any gasliquid reaction.
f) Anchor / anchor with PTFE blades for viscous liquids at low rpm (max. 200 rpm).
g) Spiral for highly viscous polymers/ mixtures with downward thrust at low rpm (max. 200
rpm).
h) Specially designed for highly viscous material for inside and outside mixing.
Note:
Other specially designed stirrers like helixane (helix cum anchor) etc. can be offered on request.
Gear box has to be provided & cooling coil has to be removed & plugged for (f), (g) & (h).
(a)
(e)
(b)
(f)
(c)
(g)
(d)
(h)
21
Autoclaves - Specifications
Heating
Electrical ceramic band heater (EC) with ceramic wool insulation & SS cladding.
Optional:
a) Flameproof / explosion proof IIB + H2 certified, aluminium cast Heater for H2 gas with
totally enclosed heating element inside metal tubes (EA). Optionally the heater also has
inbuilt cooling coils & is useful when internal cooling coils are not possible / required. It is
suitable for max. 250C inside the autoclave. Heating rates are lower in FLP heaters in
comparison to ceramic band heaters
b) SS-304 jacket for oil / steam heating with insulation & cladding (JS).
c) If direct electric heating is not permitted (due to spot heating), heater can be provided on
jacket with oil inside. The heater can heat the oil which can in turn heat autoclave
uniformly.
d) External heater temperature thermocouple is provided for cascade temperature control
to ensure safety of heater, vessel & accurate temperature control. It is standard feature in
aluminum cast heaters.
e) All ceramic band heaters are CE marked.
(a)
(b)
Control Panel
Compact SS-304 (for corrosion resistance & longer life) control panel with microprocessor
based accurate programmable PID temperature controller cum indicator with temperature
alarm system (settable), safety alarm & heater trip system for malfunctioning of controller/
sensor/ temperature rise beyond set limit. The motor speed drive is mounted on the same
panel for stirred autoclaves. 3 phase panels are provided with phase current indicator. This
helps in identifying if any of the 3 heaters have failed. Motor, heater, cooling/ solenoid valve/
pump/ sensors etc. utilities are connected to panel by simple plug & socket arrangement.
The panel is very easy to open & all internal components are plug socket type, making
replacement easy. Digital pressure indicator/ controller/ flow indicator/ totaliser/ motor
current indicator/ heater temperature cascade controller/ torque indicator / level indicator/
pH / DO / ORP / turbidity etc. indicators are provided additionally on same common control
panel depending on the optional accessories selected.
Optional:
a) Digital temperature indicator in flameproof enclosure mounted on trolley & non FLP SS
panel mounted remotely in safe area.
b) Complete flame proof (FLP) Group IIA/IIB or IIC control panel mounted on trolley
Note: FLP panels should be opted only if the heater & motors are FLP and area is totally exproof as FLP panels are too bulky & inconvenient for operation & maintenance.
c) Touch screen panel with SCADA software for single or multiple autoclaves.
d) Panels with RS 485 port for remote PC communication through SCADA software with
local display.
e) CE, UL / CSA marked control panels can be supplied on request.
Power Supply
1 panel
3 panel
(a)
(b)
(c)
50 / 60 Hz, 1 230V (S2) 16 amp for autoclaves upto 5 ltr. & 20 amp for 10 ltr. autoclave (or
any size autoclave with heating through jacket) & 50 / 60 Hz, 3, 415V for 20Ltrs. & bigger
autoclaves with electrical heating.
Optional: 1, 110V (S1) or 3, 230V (T2) with 50Hz or 60Hz.
Autoclave Mounting Options

Trolley (TL), table / bench top (TT), floor stand (FS), lugs (LG)
Complete autoclave with motor drive assembly is mounted on easily movable SS-304 /
aluminum trolley (for corrosion resistance & longer life) with 4 lockable wheels & the trolley
top is big enough to mount the optional accessories & also the control panel. Table / bench
top model is for keeping the autoclave on platform. Table top mounting is offered for sizes
from 25ml to 2ltrs only. In table top model the panel & accessories if any have to be mounted
separately. In floor stand mounting the autoclave mounting plate is supported by 4, SS-304
legs without wheels & there will be no space for mounting any accessories or panel. This is
useful when there is space constraint or panel is mounted remotely. SS lugs (LG) mounting
can be provided for 20 - 100 ltr. autoclaves.Refer page 8 for pictures of various mounting
options.
22
450 ml Bench Top Reactor
High Pressure Systems for different applications
High pressure fischer tropsch

reactor with gas booster, mass
flow controller etc. accessories
& SCADA software
Autoclave with
multiple view windows
50 litr. pitch impregnation equipment
for processing high temperature
carbon-fiber, composites using pitch
monomer / coal demoralization
1 ltr. automated hydrogenator with hydrogen

uptake measurement.
2 ltr. Interchangeable SS & glass autoclaves

for ethoxylation
25 litr. titanium high vacuum reactor lid with

homogenizer & anchor with PTFE wiper blades
Other special high pressure applications
Hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites, synthetic clays

For bauxite digestion
For alkaline / sulphuric acid leaching of ores
For napthenic acid corrosion studies
For crystalization
For solubility studies of oxides
For carrying out pulping & pulp bleaching experiment
Polymer mini reactor for synthesis
350 bar, 500C interchangeable

metal autoclaves with automatic
inlet outlet pressure control,
heat exchanger & receiver
Batch reactor
for visbreaking process
23
Pilot Plants
Ex-proof hydrogenation pilot plant with catalyst

charging, catalyst filter with recycle & catch pot
Multipurpose pressure reactor with

column & distillation assembly
High pressure polytest

reactor system
Pilot Plant for Styrene Butadiene

Emulsion Polymerisation
Fully automated ex-proof

alkoxylation pilot plant
with touch panel & SCADA
24
Supercritical Fluid (CO2) Extraction (SFE)
Critical Point
Pc
73 atm
Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) system uses supercritical

carbondioxide (CO2) as solvent instead of any organic solvent.
Supercritical
Fluids
Liquid
10
Carbon dioxide is in its supercritical fluid state when both the temperature
and pressure equals or exceeds the critical point of 31C and 73 atm (see
diagram). In its supercritical state, CO2 has both gas-like and liquid-like
qualities, and it is this dual characteristic of supercritical fluids that provides
the ideal conditions for extracting compounds with a high degree of recovery
in a short period of time. By controlling or regulating pressure and
temperature, the density or solvent strength of supercritical fluids can be
altered to simulate organic solvents ranging from chloroform to methylene
chloride to hexane. This dissolving power can be applied to purify, extract,
fractionate, infuse and recrystallize a wide array of materials.
Pressure (atm)
What is Supercritical CO2?
Solid
5.2 atm
Gas
1
-78
-57
0 31
Temperature (C)
CO2 Phase diagram
Application
Extraction of herbs, spices, fragrance, pharmaceuticals, chemicals
compounds etc.
Extraction of essential oils
Extraction from natural products, food, polymers etc.
Drying of aerogels
Extraction of nicotine & caffeine
Cleaning of high precision components & photo resists
These system consists of stirred autoclave / pressure reactor or a non-stirred
extraction pressure vessel. Liquid CO2 is charged into it through a booster or a
plunger/diaphgram pump. CO2 is maintained at low temperature to keep it in
liquid stage at lower pressure by providing a heat exchanger before the
pump. Suitable chiller is used to maintain low temperature of CO2. The
material to be extracted is placed in an extraction vessel & pressurized with
CO2 to dissolve the sample with desired temperature control. It is then
transferred to a separator where it is depressurized (by manual / automated
back pressure regulator) resulting in precipitation of desired material &
separated CO2 can be recycled. Optionally CO2 pumps with inbuilt peltier
cooling is supplied to avoid the heat exchanger & cooler before the pump. PC
operated complete automated system can be offered. Special booster pump
for liquid CO2 is also available on request.
Volume
: 100 ml - 200 lit.
Design pressures : upto 689 bar (10,000 psi)
BPR
Max. temperature : upto 200 C
MOC
: SS316
PG
1 ltr. extraction vessels in serial & parallel for

690 bar (10,000 psi) pressure with CO2 pump
CO2 Solvent
Pump
HT
PG
MFM
CO2 Cooler
Preheater
CO2
Pump
HT
Vessel
Supercritical drying of Aerogels
Chiller
Typical P & ID diagram

CO2 Cylinder
25
Reaction Calorimeter
Reaction calorimeters are used to measure heat of the reaction (Enthalpy) which helps in
scale up of reaction & avoiding potential safety hazards. They can be provided with
different probes to measure the temperature, pH, turbidity, DO, ORP, IR etc. in glass or
metal reactors or interchangeable glass & metal for low or high pressure applications.
Autoclaves for Corrosion Testing

Autoclaves for corrosion application are mainly used in aggressive environments like H2S &
supercritical waters in oil refineries & defence industries.
Applications
Electro - chemical corrosion measurements in HPHT media-water and other solutions
Coating and materials evaluation in high pressure simulated deep sea condition
(submarine paint etc) using impedance measurements
Autoclave for cement curing under deep sea applications as par API standard.
Polymer testing /curing/processing under HPHT conditions
Rocking autoclave for chemical reactions kinetics studies.
Slow strain rate tests for stress corrosion cracking under HPHT conditions
Any other types simulating particular environments including gas hydrate CO2 / CH4
based
Static & Stirred Autoclave

Normally corrosion test coupons are suspended in static (non-stirred) or stirred autoclave
systems & corrosion is measured in terms of weight loss. In stirred autoclave system,
sometimes the coupon holders are attached to the shaft & rotated during the testing.
Autoclaves are then fed with the corrosive media & designed temperature & pressure are
raised & maintained in the autoclaves. Optionally suitable electrodes like pH or ORP (MOC:
SS316 / Hast-C) are provided to measure the pH & redox potential under pressure.
Autoclaves with working, counter / reference & auxillary electrodes can also be offered
with potentional measurement system for electrochemical corrosion testing.
Re-circulating Loop Autoclaves for Corrosion Testing

In this system, the autoclave is connected with a special high pressure pump which can recirculate water/liquid continuously at very high velocity through the test spool & the
autoclave connected in line.
Rotating
coupon holder
assembly
26
Autoclaves For Observation Of Gas Hydrate Formation

Gas hydrates are inclusion compounds of gases in a lattice of water molecules. Huge
amounts of methane are stored around the world in the sea floor in the form of solid
methane hydrates. Methane hydrates, represent a new and completely untapped reservoir
of fossil fuel, because they contain, immense amounts of methane, which is the main
component of natural gas. Methane hydrates belong to a group of substances called
Clathrates substances in which one molecule type forms a crystal-like cage structure and
encloses another type of molecule. If the cage-forming molecule is water, it is called a
hydrate. If the molecule trapped in the water cage is a gas, it is a gas hydrate, like methane
hydrate.
Methane hydrate also poses problems during transportation of natural gas. Temperature
and pressure conditions in pipelines especially in cold areas allow the formation of hydrates.
These hydrates form agglomerates and tend to clog valves, pumps, pipelines and other
parts. It is desirable to avoid the formation of hydrates rather than removal of existing
hydrate due to economical and safety reasons
The production as well as study of artificial gas hydrates are done in special autoclaves like
the Gas Hydrate Autoclave System, under specific pressure and temperature conditions . At
room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure, methane hydrate is unstable
dissociating into water and gas. Pipeline conditions can be simulated in the Gas Hydrate
Autoclaves to check the effectiveness of hydrate-inhibitors and can be optimized in a
pressure range of up to 200 bar or up to 350 bar.
Pressure-resistant borosilicate / quartz / sapphire-glass windows in the Gas Hydrate
Autoclaves allows the use of one or multiple boroscope-cameras for observing or recording
the processes of gas hydrate formation inside the autoclave. The autoclaves can also be
provided with magnetic stirrer to simulate turbulent mixing conditions. The overhead
stirrer can be connected to a torque sensor to perform torque measurements to study
viscosity changes.
High Pressure Vessel System for Hydrogen Induced Disbonding Tests

Amar has manufactured & supplied system for Hydrogen Induced Disbonding (HID) tests as
per ASTM G146. These tests are used to simulate & study the effects of hydrogen
environment under very high pressures from 150 250 bar & temperatures from 400 500C on bimetallic plates that are to be used under similar conditions in refinery. The
results would give the resistance of bimetallic steels & its alloy to hydrogen induced
disbonding. Thus such tests can be used to decide the material metallurgy, its heat
treatment, manufacturing & fabrication technology for use in refineries in similar
environments. The system can be manually operated or optionally completely automated.
Initially the test samples are put inside the vessel & pressurized with hydrogen to very high
pressure upto 150 200 bar & then heated to desired temperature of around 400 - 500C
for a period of around 48 hrs. After the test is over, the vessel is cooled at a pre-defined rate
of around 150C /hr. till the temperature reaches 200C. The vessel pressure is then
released completely & cooled further to remove the test samples.
Pressure Vessels for Soaking of Diamonds & Precious Stones

High pressure high temperature pressure vessel are often used to purify & improve the
finish of diamonds & precious stones by subjecting them to high pressure & temperature
conditions.
Pressure Vessel for Gas / Liquid Storage

It can be used as a gas/ liquid storage pressure pot to transfer liquid/ gas in the autoclave/ other
pressure vessel at higher pressure.
250 ltr.
27
Gas Induction Reactors - Hydrogenators / Pilot to Plant Scale Pressure Reactors (F)
250 ltr.
500 ltr.
Salient Features
Sizes >100 ltrs. <1000 ltr. working volumes.

MOC SS-316, 316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Inconel, Nickel, Titanium, Zirconium etc.
Design pressures upto 100bar ( 1450 psi).
Max. working temperatures upto 350 C.
Zero leakage magnetic drive coupling from 20-300 N-m torque capacity.
High mass transfer hollow shaft with gas induction impeller (ideal for hydrogenation,
oxidation, ammination, chlorination, bromination etc. gas liquid reactions) pitch blade
turbine, anchor, propeller, paddle etc. for other applications.
Very efficient for gas liquid mixing.
Fabricated with dished ends & 100% X ray radiography of welded joints.
All designs as per ASME codes.
'U' stamp coded, PED certified reactors can be offered on special request.
Jacketed or single / double limpet coil with insulation & cladding.
Upto 440 rpm infinite variable speed with suitable gear box.
Body flanges with bolts & teflon / spiral wound metallic gaskets for shell & dish sealing (Z).
Without body flange, monoblock design offered depending on pressures & application.
Internal cooling coil, vent, liquid / powder charging, dip tube, thermowell, flush bottom
outlet, baffles, light & sight glass, handhole / manhole etc. nozzles, fittings, ex-proof
control panel & accessories offered as required.
Optionally with safety rupture disc / pressure safety valves, all other valves & fittings.
Suitable catalyst filtration & recycle system offered for hydrogenation. (refer page 31)
With suitable catch pot & flame arrester to collect the vent.
Lugs or floor stand skid mounted structure.
For other optional accessories refer page 30 onwards.

28
1000 ltr.
125Ltr., 100 bar
Rocker/Shaker Hydrogenator (R)

Salient Features
Charging, operating etc. very simple & vigorous mixing reduces the reaction time
considerably.
Very small & compact system without gland hence minimum spares & maintenance.
Very economical considering the interchangeability of different capacity vessels in
common setup.
Used mainly for synthesizing or modifying organic compounds by catalytic hydrogenation.
Used to study catalyst activity.
Table Top Model
Technical Specifications
Volume
: 100ml, 250ml, 500ml, 1 Ltr., 2Ltr. with option of using more

than one vessel of any size & MOC in same setup.
MOC
: SS-316 & Glass Optional: Hastelloy C wetted parts.
Design pressure
: 20 bar (300 psi) for metal vessels & 3 bar (45 psi) for glass
vessel.
Design temperature
: 200C for SS vessel & 150C for glass vessel with optional
Electrical heating arrangement & control panel with PID
controller & alarm system.
Drive
: 1/2 H.P. flame proof AC Group IIA, IIB or IIC motor with about
200 oscillations/min. fixed rocking speed.
Optional: Variable speed rocking with variable frequency
drive.
Mounting
: Table top or SS floor stand.
Gas cylinder
: Around 4 Ltrs. capacity H2 gas cylinder of SS-304 with inlet,

outlet valves, pressure gauge & flexible hose pipe with NRV
to feed gas into the vessel while it is in motion.
Standard fittings
(for metal vessel only)
: Vent valve, dip tube with sampling valve, 2 opening on top

for powder / liquid inlet & cleaning, thermowell, pressure
safety valve.
Overall Dimensions
(without panel)
: 850mm (W) x 700mm (D) x 700mm (H) for table top models &
1300mm (H) for floor stand models
Panel Size
: 300mm (W) x 300mm (D) x 300mm (H)
Power Supply
: 3, 415V, 50Hz / 60Hz for fixed speed & 1, 220V, 50Hz /

60Hz for variable speed shakers
Safety Shield
: SS wire grid is provided for glass bottles for safety in case of

breakage due to accidental over pressure.
Floor Stand Model
Shaker with SS Vessel,

electrical heating &
3 control panel
29
Optional Accessories
Optional accessories are offered to increase the versatility of the equipment, to add value &
feature to the standard product & to provide complete range of instrument/ equipment
required for a particular application. Most of the optional accessories are common for
stirred, non-stirred, glass, rocker & fabricated autoclaves unless specified.
Gas Pressure Regulator

To manually charge different gases at desired pressures upto 140 bar (Kg/cm) / 2000 psi or
higher into the reactor from gas cylinder. Nitrogen, Oxygen & Hydrogen can be charged
through same regulator(with special adaptor). Regulator for other gases like NH3, CO2 etc.
can also be offered. The regulator comes with inlet - outlet pressure gauges & flexible SS
braided teflon high pressure hose pipe (4m long) with non return valve.
Gas Booster
Gas boosters are useful when the cylinder pressures are much lower than the autoclave
rated pressures. In such case the booster takes gas at lower pressure from cylinder &
compresses the same to deliver at higher pressures upto 10,000 psig. They are generally
pneumatically operated. Special gas booster pumps are available for liquid CO2 used in
supercritical fluid extraction system. The booster systems are supplied with air filter
regulator, pressure relief valves, inlet-outlet pressure gauges & valves.
Complete SS mounting with all fittings & valves is optional
Thermal Gas Mass Flow Meter (MFM) / Controller (MFC)

MFM can be used to measure accurate mass flow rate of gas (in gm/hr or LPH) & totalized
quantity of mass / volume (in gms / ltr.) charged in autoclave at any point. Mass flow
controller (MFC) is used to charge the set flow rate of gas into the autoclave at high pressures
up to 300 bar (Kg/cm) or it can be used in pressure control mode to indicate the gas flow &
total gas uptake to maintain desired set pressure inside the autoclave (ideal for
hydrogenation). The same MFM / MFC can be used for multiple gases by just entering the
conversion factor for different gas densities provided the gases are inert to each other. The
MFM/MFC comes with high pressure flexible hose, inlet filter with digital gas flow indicator
cum totalizer & additional pressure PID controller with pressure sensor if the MFC is used in
pressure control mode. User has to specify the max. flow rate range, pressure, gas & mode
(flow control or pressure control) for ordering MFM/MFC. Optionally MFM / MFC certified
for use in zone 1 hazardous area offered on request.
Flow Indicator
& Totaliser
MFC
Ex-proof MFC
Coriolis Gas - Liquid Mass Flow Meter/Controller

These are used for higher & accurate gas or liquid flow rate indication or control where
thermal mass flow meters are not suitable. Common meter can be used for all the gases &
liquids with only change in pressure drops and flow rate ranges.
Coriolis Mass
Flow Meter
Coriolis Mass Flow

Controller
Digital Pressure Indicator / Controller

It consists of SS316 pressure sensor (transmitter) & digital pressure indicator/ controller
(mounted on common control panel) with pressure alarm & optionally heater cut off for
safety. Digital pressure indicator has pressure reading in bar & psi, where as controller reads
any one of the units. The controller is normally used with mass flow controller (MFC) or
solenoid/flow control valve to maintain constant pressure inside the autoclave. With MFC,
gas flow indicator & totalizer are also provided on the same panel. The pressure sensor has
temperature limitation upto 80-100C & hence the same is provided with water cooling
jacket. Optionally intrinsically safe pressure sensor with IIC certification is provided.
Pressure sensors with Hastelloy C / Inconel wetted parts can be offered on request.
Complete mounting of all the accessories shall be done on autoclave stand / trolley.
All the indicators / controllers are mounted on a common SS panel.
Solenoid Valve
Pressure
Sensor
Control Valve
30
Liquid / Slurry / Gas Charging High Pressure Pot
It is used to transfer liquid or gases in to the autoclave under pressure. It consists of high
2
pressure SS-316 pot designed for working pressure 100bar (kg/cm ) or higher with port for
nitrogen gas (N2), liquid / slurry inlet with valve & funnel, outlet valve, pressure gauge,
pressure safety valve, high pressure hose & NRV. The liquid to be charged is fed into the pot
from top funnel & pressurized with N2 gas until its pressure is higher than the autoclave
pressure & then under pressure the liquid is charged into the autoclave. The quantity & rate
of flow of liquid charged is not known precisely in this system. However a level indicator or
sight glass or weighing balance or flow meter can be provided optionally to measure the
liquid charged or it's flow rate. Pots of different pressure, M.O.C. & sizes can be offered.
These pots can also be used for storage of gases when gas cylinders are far off. With this
option approximate quantity or flow of gas consumed can also be determined by measuring
the pressure drop. Optionally forward pressure regulators can be provided at the outlet of
pot if they are used as gas charging.
Sizes: 250 ml, ltr., 1 ltr., 2 ltrs., 5 ltrs., 10 ltrs.
Ethylene EO / Polypylene PO Oxide Pot

It consists of SS 316 (EO/PO) horizontal pot with inlet, outlet valves, gas inlet with dip tube,
thermowell, pressure gauge & high pressure hose pipe for 10 bar (kg/cm) working pressure.
It is used for ethoxylation. It can be supplied with flame proof weighing balance to measure
the quantity of EO/PO charged.
Sizes: 2 ltrs. & 5 ltrs.
Liquid Metering Pump System

This system is used to charge the liquid at desired rate from as low as 1ml/hr. to 100Ltr./hr,
when the autoclave is under pressurized condition. The system comes with metering pump,
flow indicator, controller, liquid sump, pressure gauge, strainer & high pressure hose.
Optionally pressure safety valve, flow totalizer is also provided. AMAR offers 2 types of
pumps.
(b)
a) Low cost diaphragm pumps for pressures upto 100 bar & min. flow range of 60-600ml/hr.
to max. 10-100 lit/hr. The flow rates are varied by varying the motor speed with variable
frequency drive.
(a)
b) High pressure more accurate HPLC type low flow metering pumps for high pressures
upto 350 bar & flow range from 0.01 upto 100ml/min. These pumps can be used along
with precision weighing scales to measure the total liquid charged at any point of time.
c) Syringe, PTFE diaphragm, peristaltic pumps can be offered for pumping corrosive
chemicals at low / high pressures.
(c)
Weighing Scale
Optionally, in line flow meters can be connected to measure the actual flow of the liquids.
Auto Cooling System

This system is useful to control temperature overshoot for highly exothermic / out of control
runaway reactions & for faster cooling after the reaction is over.
The control panel of the autoclave gives 230V, 1 output to connect external auto-cooling
system. AMAR gives 2 options:
(a) Solenoid valve, flameproof IIC (for autoclaves upto 25 litr) or (b) pneumatically
actuated ball valves (for autoclaves above 25 litr ) connected at the inlet of the internal
cooling coil with external source of water supply. This is standard for 50ml - 250ml
autoclaves, however for bigger autoclaves if the cold water line pressure is <2bar then it
is better to opt for external pump & tank water cooling system. Normal tap water cooling
is not effective at higher temperatures due to steam back pressure whereas pump &
tank autocooling system gives positive pressure & faster cooling.
(a) with FLP coil
(b)
31
c) Pump & Water Cooling Tank: It consists of a SS 304 water tank & pump to circulate water in
the internal cooling coil of reactors. Cooling starts automatically if the rate of heating rises
suddenly. It comes with non FLP / FLP monoblock pump tank, pipeline & flexible hose pipes
with quick release coupling & is mounted on the autoclave trolley itself. It can also be used
to circulate water in the cooling coil of external aluminum cast heater when internal coil is
not possible. Ice can be put in the water or the hot water can be discharged & fresh water
replenished on continuous basis for more effective and faster cooling.
(c)
Magnetic Drive & Pressure Sensor Cooling System

It is a simple 5 ltr. SS 304 tank with submersible pump to circulate water in the magnetic drive &
pressure sensor jacket to prevent temperatures from rising beyond 80C. It is useful if tap water
connection is not near the autoclave.
Low Temperature Cooling Circulator Bath

It is used to reduce the autoclave temperature to as low as upto -50C from room temperature
to carry out reactions at lower temperatures by circulating thermic fluid in the internal cooling
coil / jacket of autoclave. It consists of single/double stage compressors, condensor, circulation
pump & temperature controller for thermic fluid & reactor. The system can be with bath or
closed loop bathless type for efficient & faster heat transfer.
Thermic Fluid Heating Circulator Bath

It is opted only if heating is jacket type & the area is totally flameproof or direct electric band
heaters are not permissible. Heating can be done by circulating hot thermic fluid through the
jacket of the autoclave. The system comes with SS tank, electric heaters, level switch, pump for
thermic fluid & reactor. The heating system is non flame proof & can be kept at a distance in safe
area, if the reactor is in flame proof area. The system can be with bath or closed loop bathless
type for efficient & faster heat transfer. Open bath system can be offered upto max. 150C
inside the reactor (due to fuming of thermic fluid) & are available upto 25 lit. autoclaves only,
whereas closed loop systems can be offer upto 250C inside the reactor & upto 1000 ltr. volume.
Common single fluid heating cooling circulator baths can be offered from -30 to 200C to
-75 to 200C.
Closed Loop Single Fluid Heating & Cooling Circulator

If heating & cooling both are to be done by circulating thermic fluid through reactor
jacket then, common closed loop single fluid heating & cooling system for temperatures from
-50 to 250C inside the reactor can be offered. Closed loop ensures faster & efficient heat
transfer with no fuming & higher temperature range.
Note: All the above systems are supplied with 6 ft flexible insulated hose & optionally suitable
thermic fluid.
Flow Control Valves

These valves can be connected at jacket inlet for controlling flow of steam/ hot oil/ water for
temperature control from PID or at the inlet or outlet of the autoclaves for pressure control.
Amar gives 2 options.
(a) On/off pneumatic ball valve actuated by 230V output from panel to FLP IIC solenoid valve
inline of air supply
(b) Pneumatic proportionate flow control valves with I to P convertor (for accurate
temperature / pressure control).
32
(a)
(b)
Reflux Condenser
It is a jacketed tube SS-316 (0.01m, 0.02m or 0.05m area) heat exchanger used to reflux
the condensate back into the reactor & vent off the uncondensed vapours. It is connected
directly on the autoclave lid & works under full autoclave pressure. Reflux condensers can be
offered in different MOC & area.
Condenser
It is a SS-316 shell & tube reverse flow heat exchanger for distillation/condensing the vent
vapours from the autoclave upto 10Kg/cm pressure. It can be offered in all different MOC,
higher pressure & different surface areas such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 & 2 m2. The condensate can
be collected separately in receiver or optionally refluxed back into the reactor.
Receiver Pot
SS 316 receiver pot can be connected at the outlet of the shell & tube or Reflux condensor to
collect the condensate separately. It is also provided with port to apply vacuum & offered in
250 ml, ltr., 1 ltr., 2 ltrs. & 5 ltrs. volumes. Higher volumes & other MOC can be offered on
special request. It can be optionally provided with level indication.
Back Pressure Regulator

It is mounted on the vent line of the autoclave & is used for maintaining constant pressure
inside the autoclave. The pressure is maintained by releasing the excess pressure into the
atmosphere or through a hose to safe area. The pressure can be set initially on the gauge, by
manually varying the knob until the gas comes out. Once the set pressure is exceeded the
excess pressure is released until the autoclave pressure becomes equal to or below the set
pressure. The pressure release is slow & gradual & the set pressure can be varied at any
point. Alternately electronic digital back pressure regulator can be offered on request,
where the pressure is set digitally & can be released at preset rate of pressure release.
Pressure Safety Valve

High pressure autoclaves are provided with built in safety rupture disc, however additional
safety can be offered by providing pressure safety valve whose release pressure can be set
manually for a wide range by increasing or decreasing the spring tension. The set pressure
should normally be around the design pressure. Safety relief valves are standard supply for
glass & rocker autoclaves where rupture discs are not available for low pressures. These
valves come with PTFE / Viton orings which may not be suitable for certain gases & solvents.
Chain Pulley / Hydraulic Head Lifting System

For autoclave volumes from 10 ltrs. to 250 ltrs. the head & vessel are too heavy to lift
manually. Hence chainpulley block mounted on same trolley with SS Stand can be offered for
lifting the head with minimum efforts. Electric chainpulley hoists can be offered on request.
Hydrate lid lifting arrangement can be offered on request for any reactor volume.
Refer page 8 (i) 100 ltr. model photo.
33
SCADA Software for remote operation & Recording
SCADA is a supervisory control & data acquisition software with all controllers / indicators
having RS485 modbus communication port or PLC & HMI / touch panel, for online display,
set point changes & data logging of pressure, temp., Motor RPM, motor, torque % &
optionally liquid / gas flow rate with totaliser, heater temperature, level, pH, ORP, turbidity,
IR etc. remotely from PC as well as locally from panel. It gives continuous online data logging
at predefined variable time interval, online graphical representation as well as historical
data & graphs on PC for single or multiple autoclaves. RS 485-232 convertor & cable upto
10m or higher is also supplied. Wireless data communication from PC to panel can be
supplied on request.
PLC
When there are many autoclaves and or many parameters & IOs with interlocks &
programming, PLCs with HMI (touch panel) or PC are offered.
Liners
Removable Teflon / Metal / Glass liners can be offered for autoclaves from 100ml - 25Ltrs.
size. These liners can be used for reactions that are corrosive, to prevent only the autoclave
body from corrosion. Teflon & glass liners can be used upto 200C, metal upto 500C. The
heat transfer is also very poor with teflon & glass liners. Glass liners cannot be fabricated
accurately. Hence, Amar recommends the use of complete corrosion resistance metal
autoclaves made from special alloys like Hastelloy, Inconel, Titanium etc. over glass/teflon
liners. Liners should be used only if cost is the constraint or corrosive chemicals are to be used
sparingly. Metal liners can be offered in Hastelloy C, Inconel, Monel, Nickel, Titanium etc.
Catalyst Basket
It is provided to improve the efficiency of the catalysts & for holding the catalyst so that it will
not be destroyed or changed by the stirring action of impeller. The baskets are made from SS
wire mesh & connected to the stirrer so that it rotates with the stirrer. It is available for
450ml-100 ltrs. autoclave. The catalyst basket can be static which is stationery & dynamic
which rotates with the impeller. As standards, Amar offers dynamic basket.
Catalyst Filters
These are small 7 microns sintered cup filters which are threaded to bottom of the sampling
dip tube so that while sampling liquid, the catalyst does not come out. It is very useful when
the catalyst is expensive or pyrophoric. These filters may reduce the rate/ flow of the
sampling liquid due to the resistance offered by the fine mesh, hence they need regular
cleaning to prevent choking. Filters are available for 450ml-100Ltrs. autoclaves. These filters
are available in SS 316 & Hastelloy C.
Catalyst Addition Device

It is used for one time catalyst charging under pressure during the reaction. It consists of a
3ml to 150ml (depending on Autoclave size) small container with airtight cap, that is
openable. The powder is filled in the container which is then threaded to the autoclave head
from below to a separate port with needle valve on the top. Under atmospheric &
pressurized conditions the powder remains inside the container as the cap remains closed.
One has to apply gas pressure greater than autoclave pressure from the needle valve on that
port so that the cap opens & releases the catalyst inside the autoclave under pressure.
Depending on the optional accessories selected, sometimes the catalyst addition device
may not be possible due to space constraint on the head. Available for autoclave sizes 100 ml
- 100 ltr. & upto 250C.
34
Teflon
Metal
Glass
Catalyst Filtration & Recycling System
It consists of vertical SS sintered filter cartridges in a SS housing. After the batch is over
the reactor liquid is transferred to the catalyst filter under reactor/nitrogen pressure.
After filtration is over, catalyst is taken back in to the reactor by back washing, thus
recycling the same & making it available for the next batch. Thus catalyst is never
exposed to atmosphere & is reused. Generally this system is suitable & available for 2 ltr.
to 1000 ltr. reactor volumes. These filters are available with zero holdup volume.
For small autoclaves
Catalyst Slurry Charging System

It is a pressure reactor with magnetic drive stirring, inlet & outlet valves, pressure gauge
& nitrogen/vent. Solvent & catalyst are charged in the vessel & the slurry formed by
mixing is transferred under nitrogen pressure into the reactor. The pressure rating &
volume of this system is designed depending on the quantity of catalyst, pressure &
temperature rating of the autoclave. Specially designed control system developed by
Amar can be offered to charge the catalyst slurry in continuous mode at a pre-diffined
flow rate under pressure. This is very useful for CSTR, where no suitable pumps are
available for slurry. This system is available for any reactor volume.
Catch Pot
It is used to collect the vent vapours / gases from the autoclave vent / rupture disc /
safety valve port, when the vapour / gas is highly hazardous to release directly into the
atmosphere. It is a pressure vessel, designed depending on volume of autoclave & it's
design pressure. It is provided with inlet, outlet, vent, dip tubes, pressure gauge, safety
valve & optionally a frame arrester. It is normally filled with water. The gases / vapours
collected are safely released through the flame arrester to avoid any hazard. It is suitable
& available for any autoclave volumes.
Vacuum Pump
Suitable rotary vane or diaphragm vacuum pumps can be supplied for vacuum from
700mm of Hg upto 10-3 mm of Hg in the reactor depending on the pump type selected. It
is used either before starting the batch or for high vacuum distillation. Suitable analogue
or digital vacuum indicator with controller can be offered on request.
View Windows / Light & Sight Glass

Quartz / sapphire view glass windows / light & sight glass of small diameter or along the
length with special cameras & software for continuous online viewing / recording in
jacketted vessels to see the reaction. Suitable for high pressures upto 200 bar.
Multiple view
windows
Round view
window
Sight glass along

the vessel length
In Situ FTIR Spectroscopy (IR Probe)

In situ high temperature, high pressure infrared (IR) probe is offered for real time
chemical reaction monitoring. It provides specific information about reaction initiation,
conversion, intermediates & end point. Suitable for 1 ltr. to 100 ltr. reactors upto 100 bar
& 200C.
35
Other Accessories / Options
a) Level transmitter / switch with indicator to measure or maintain level inside the
reactor under high pressure. Used mainly in CSTR.
b) pH/ turbidity / DO / ORP sensors with indicators & controllers for high pressure &
temperature application. pH can be controlled automatically by variable speed
acid & base metering pump.
c) Removable internal baffles for better stirring (but cooling coil has to be removed
in small autoclaves).
d) Sampling pot with condenser for cooling / condensing & collecting the sample
taken at high pressure & temperature.
e) Torque sensor for accurate measurement of the motor torque, where change in
torque indicates change in viscosity of the reaction.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2 lit. hastelloy trolley mounted autoclave with

various optional accessories like flameproof
temperature indicator, motor, auto cooling
system, aluminum cast heater, high pressure
liquid charging pot, flush bottom valve, ball valve
for powder inlet, reflux condenser, flameproof
motor, removable head design, hastelloy
diaphragm pressure gauge, pressure sensor &
pressure safety valve.
(e)
Conversion Table
Pressure Equivalents
MPa
atm
bar
kg/cm
psi
9.8692
10
10.1971
145.04
0.101325
1.013525
1.0332
14.696
0.1
0.98692
1.01971
14.504
0.098067
0.96784
0.98067
14.223
6.8948 x 10
0.06805
0.06895
0.07031
1 atm = 760 mm of Hg = 760 Torr
Temperature Equivalents
Torque Equivalents
F = 1.8 x (C) + 32
Kg-cm
N-m
N-cm
lb-in
C = 5/9 x (F) - 32
0.0981
9.81
0.868
10.2
100
8.85
Power Equivalents
1 H.P. (Electric)
= 746 W
0.101
0.01
0.0885
1 H.P. (Metric)
= 735 W
1.15
0.113
11.3
Trade Shows
Amar regularly exhibits at various domestic & international trade shows
directly & through distributors as well.
Viz. Chemspec, CPHI, Analytika, PMEC, Achema (Germany), ACS (USA) etc.
36
Client Testimonials
37
Some of our valued customers
aether
elementally innovative
L I M I T E D
CSMCRI, NCL, IICT etc.
All DRDO Labs
GNFC
(Formerly UDCT)
All IIT's
38
All the logos are property of respective owners.
Some of our valued customers
RALLIS INDIA LIMITED
S. H. KELKAR & CO.
39
All the logos are property of respective owners.
Worldwide presence
Exports to over 50 countries worldwide with distributors for sales & service in following countries
Germany
Australia
Colombia
Azerbaijan
Czech Republic Iran
Brazil
Egypt
Cambodia
China
Mexico
Portugal
Slovakia
Thailand
Netherlands Russia
South Africa Turkey
Israel
Peru
Romania
South Korea UK
Estonia
Italy
Phillippines
Saudi Arabia Spain
France
Malaysia
Poland
Singapore
Taiwan
USA
Vietnam
Sales & service support available from following places in India
Hyderabad Kolkatta
Mumbai
AMAR EQUIPMENTS PVT. LTD.

Serving Industry since 1974.
6, Parmar Industrial Estate, Bail Bazaar, Kale Marg, Kurla (W), Mumbai - 400 070. India.
Tel: +91-22-25095001/ 25143142/ 65753028/ 65753029 Fax: +91-22-25109565
E-mail: sales@amarequip.com / export@amarequip.com Website: www.amarequip.com
New Delhi
06/15 Copyrignt 2013 Amar Equipments Pvt. Ltd.
Ahmedabad Bangalore

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High Pressure Systems

Pressure Reactor Specialist

High Pressure Autoclaves

HPHT Corrosion Testing

Continuous Flow Reactors

Certifications & Approvals

High pressure autoclaves.

Autoclave - Salient Features

Autoclave System - Applications

To invent new molecules / chemicals, study reaction parameters.

Model No. / Coding of Autoclaves for inquiry / order

Autoclave Type Options

Overhead stirred high pressure metal autoclaves (

Interchangeable metal stirred autoclaves*

Acid digestion bomb**

* IM, M4 & M6 specifications & options would be same as A

Available for autoclave size

* BM4, BM6 specifications & options would be same as B

Design Pressure / Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) & Temperature

Corresponding Temp. Rating

50 ltr. - 100 ltr.

250C, 350C, 500C

250C, 350C, 500C

250C, 350C, 500C

Body & Head Sealing Type

Head & body sealing options

Available for autoclave volume

Available for autoclave types

Head Mounting Style

Head mounting options

Removable head design

Stirring Motor Type

Stirring motor options

Top mounted CE marked AC motor (Non Flame Proof)

Autoclave Mounting Style

Autoclave mounting options

Power supply options

Certification for Autoclave

ASME design approval certificate

How to inquire / order autoclaves - reactors - pressure vessels

High Pressure Stirred Autoclave/Reactor (A)

Motor & Drive

Shaft Sealing (Refer pg. 20)

SS-316L, Hastelloy B/C, Monel, Nickel, Inconel,

I. Split taper clamp with bolts (T)

For certificate options refer page 3.

Technical Specifications - Stirred Autoclaves

Interchangeable Stirred Metal Autoclaves- IM

50ml & 100ml interchangeable

Multiple Overhead Stirred Autoclave System (M4, M6)

FLP M6 model with remote common

M4 model with 250 ml autoclaves & common panel

M6 model with fixed head design & inline BLDC motors

High Through-put Catalyst Screening System M4 / M6 - Fully Automated (HCS)

ECO Catalyst Screening System (ECS)

Stirred Autoclaves - Various Models

(a) 100 ml bench top model

(b) 2 ltr. floor stand model

(c) 2 ltr. removable head trolley model