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Answer All Questions in This Section The Time Suggested To Answer This Section Is 90 Minutes
Answer All Questions in This Section The Time Suggested To Answer This Section Is 90 Minutes
[60 marks]
1.
FIGURE 1
The Figure 1 above shows a wooden block placed by the side of a meter rule.
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(1 mark)
(ii) State two precautionary steps that should be taken when taking measurements
using a metre rule.
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(2 marks)
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2. The Figure 2 shows an object of mass 30 kg hanging from two ropes OA and OB as
shown.
FIGURE 2
(a) Label the tensions in the ropes, TOA and TOB and the weight of the object, W.
(3 marks)
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(1 mark)
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(2 marks)
(d) Draw a triangle of forces to show the relationship between the tensions in the rope
and the weight of the object.
(1 mark)
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3. The Diagram 1 shows a simple hydraulic jack with a small piston S and a large piston P
with cross-sectional area of 5 cm2 and 50 cm2 respectively. A force of magnitude 20 N is
applied to the piston S.
DIAGRAM 1
(a) Calculate
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(2 marks)
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4. The Figures 3 below shows the arrangement of the molecules of a substance in its solid,
liquid and gaseous states.
FIGURE 3
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(b) Explain
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(2 marks)
(ii) Why latent heat is needed to change the substance from solid to liquid.
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(2 marks)
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(1 mark)
(d) 500g of the above substance in its liquid form at its boiling point requires 170 kJ of
heat to totally change it into steam. Calculate the specific latent heat of vapourization
of the substance.
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(3 marks)
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5. The Figure 4 below shows a sailor on a boat observing an object on the seabed.
FIGURE 4
(a) (i) Determine if the depth of the object seen by the sailor is the real depth of the
object.
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(2 marks)
(b) In the Figure 4a below, draw a ray diagram from point O to the eye to show how the
sailor observes the object.
FIGURE 4a
(2 marks)
(c) The depth of the object seen by the sailor is 4 m from the surface of seawater.
Calculate the depth of the sea. [Refractive index of seawater is 1.35]
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(2 marks)
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6.
DIAGRAM 2
The Diagram 2 shows a trawler used in deep-sea fishing using a sonar device.
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(b) The frequency of sonar is 6.0 x 10 8 Hz. The velocity of the sound in sea water is
1500 ms −1 .
(i) Why does the sonar device use sound with high frequency?
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(2 marks)
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(1 mark)
(iii) If the time interval between transmitting and receiving sound wave is 0.2 s, how
far is the shoal of fish from the trawler?
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(1 mark)
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(1 mark)
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7. The Figure 5 below shows an electric kettle connected to a 240V power supply by a
flexible cable. The kettle is rated “240V, 2500W”.
FIGURE 5
The Table 3 below shows the maximum electric current that is able to flow through wires
of various diameters.
(a) Calculate the current flowing through the cable when the kettle is switched on?
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(i) What is the smallest diameter wire that can be safely used for this kettle?
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(ii) Explain why it is dangerous to use a wire thinner than the one selected in (b)(i)?
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(2 marks)
(c) State one precautionary measure that should be taken to ensure safe usage of the
kettle.
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(1 mark)
(d) Mention one fault that might happen in the cable that will cause the fuse in the plug
to melt.
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(1 mark)
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8. The Figure 6 below shows a simple transformer.
FIGURE 6
(a) What happens to the core when the switch is turned on?
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(c) If the galvanometer is replaced with a bulb with rating “30V, 42W”, it is found that
the bulb lights up normally when PQ is connected to a power supply of 240V a.c.
Calculate the ratio of the number of turns in the coil PQ to the number of turns in the
coil RS.
(2 marks)
(d) In practice, a transformer is never ideal. Give two reasons for the fact that a
transformer can never be 100% efficient.
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(2 marks)
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Section B
[20 marks]
(b) Figure (i) shows an air bubble released by a fish moving towards the surface of the
lake. Figure (ii) shows a helium-filled balloon ascending upwards.
(i) State three similar characteristics in Fig. (i) and Fig. (ii) (3 marks)
(ii) Relate the characteristics in (b)(i) to a certain physic principle. (1 mark)
(iii) Name the physics principle involved. (1 mark)
(c) Based on the principle mentioned in (b)(iii), explain the construction and the
operation of a hot-air balloon. (8 marks)
(d) A ship of mass 1200 metric tonne floats in the Straits of Melaka.
[density of fresh water = 1000 kg m-3 , density of sea water = 1030 kg m-3 ,1 metric
tonne = 1000 kg]
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10. Figure 1 shows an electric circuit with one diode and the trace produced as shown on a
CRO connected across the resistor R.
Figure 2 shows an electric circuit with four diodes and the trace produced as shown on a
CRO connected across the resistor R.
(b) Based on the figures above, compare the arrangement of the diodes, the type input
voltage and the type output voltage. State the use of the diodes in the figures above.
(10 marks)
(c) Trace the path taken by the current in Fig.2 if the terminal X is positive. (2 marks)
(d) Name an electric component that needs to be connected to the output of both the
circuits to produce a more constant output. (2 marks)
(e) Sketch a graph to show the effect on the output voltage of putting a capacitor in the
circuit in Fig.1. (5 marks)
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Section C
[20 marks]
11. Radioactive isotopes are widely used in various industries. Among them is as a tracer to
detect the location of leaks in an underground water pipes. The table below shows the
characteristics of four types of radioisotopes U, V , W and X.
(b) The Local Water Board involved in the supply of water to the residents of Harmony
Garden noticed a drop in the pressure of one of the pipes indicating a leak
somewhere. Referring to the table above, discuss the suitability of each
characteristics of the radioisotopes that can be used as a tracer to detect the location
of the leak. Which isotope is the most suitable to be used and why?
(10 marks)
(c) The table below shows the activity of a sample of a radioactive substance.
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12. (a) State Pascal’s Principle. (2 marks)
(b)
The diagram above shows part of the hydraulic brake of a car. Explain the working
of this hydraulic brake system.
(8 marks)
(c) You are a Research and Development Personnel and are entrusted to determine the
most suitable material to make the brake shoe of a certain model of car.
(i) Explain the characteristics of the materials in the table above to be used to make
the brake shoe.
(8 marks)
(ii) Which material would you choose to make the brake shoe?
(2 marks)
END OF QUESTION
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