PROJECT WORK:

How is global warming affecting

our planet?

SUBMITTED BY: KAZI MD. Farhanul AZIM

class: iii, section: red, roll: 09

MASTERMIND SCHOOL

October 29, 2015

How is global warming affecting our

planet?
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
Global Warming is the increase of Earth's average surface
temperature due to effect of greenhouse gases, such as carbon
dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels or from deforestation,
which trap heat that would otherwise escape from Earth. This is a
type of greenhouse effect. If it were not for greenhouse gases
trapping heat in the atmosphere, the Earth would be a very cold
place. Greenhouse gases keep the Earth warm through a process
called the greenhouse effect.
The Earth gets energy from the sun in the form of sunlight. The
Earth's surface absorbs some of this energy and heats up. That's
why the surface of a road can feel hot even after the sun has gone
downbecause it has absorbed a lot of energy from the sun. The
Earth cools down by giving off a different form of energy, called
infrared radiation. But before all this radiation can escape to outer
space, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb some of it,
which makes the atmosphere warmer. As the atmosphere gets
warmer, it makes the Earth's surface warmer, too.

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2.0 OBJECTIVE:
The project work How is global warming affecting our planet
influenced and aware us about the damage global warming was
doing to our beautiful earth. The main objective was to warn us and
also inspire us to stop global warming.

3.0

METHODOLOGY:

I have collected information of global warming from different

websites, by interviewing parents, discussing with my friends, taking
help from my elder brothers and sisters and other books. I have also
learned how to use a computer to prepare the project.

4.0 the causes of global warming

Global warming is the result of our thoughtless attitude towards
nature. As we have taken nature for granted we are neglecting the
fact that we are the ones who depend on nature. The lesson from
global warming to be learned is to base all decisions with deep
respect and consideration for nature. In our technology and
scientific minded world, we seem to have forgotten that mankind
is only a relatively minor part of nature. We ignore being part of a
larger whole. We believe to be able to control nature instead of
trying to arrange ourselves with nature. This haughtiness is the
true main cause of global warming. As a matter of fact, some
people still believe that technical solutions alone would be
sufficient to fight global warming.

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Carbon emissions from factory chimneys.

5.0 a blanket around the world

A layer of greenhouse gases primarily water vapor, and including much smaller
amounts of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide acts as a thermal blanket for
the Earth, absorbing heat and warming the surface to a life-supporting average of 59
degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees Celsius).

Most climate scientists agree the main cause of the current global warming
trend is human expansion of the "greenhouse effect" warming that
results when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth toward space.
1

Certain gases in the atmosphere block heat from escaping. Long-lived

gases that remain semi-permanently in the atmosphere and do not
respond physically or chemically to changes in temperature are described
as "forcing" climate change. Gases, such as water vapor, which respond
physically or chemically to changes in temperature are seen as
"feedbacks."

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Gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect include:

Water vapor. The most abundant greenhouse gas, but importantly, it

acts as a feedback to the climate. Water vapor increases as the Earth's
atmosphere warms, but so does the possibility of clouds and
precipitation, making these some of the most important feedback
mechanisms to the greenhouse effect.

Carbon dioxide (CO2). A minor but very important component of the

atmosphere, carbon dioxide is released through natural processes such
as respiration and volcano eruptions and through human activities such
as deforestation, land use changes, and burning fossil fuels. Humans
have increased atmospheric CO2 concentration by a third since the
Industrial Revolution began. This is the most important long-lived
"forcing" of climate change.

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Methane. A hydrocarbon gas produced both through natural sources

and human activities, including the decomposition of wastes in landfills,
agriculture, and especially rice cultivation, as well as ruminant digestion
and manure management associated with domestic livestock. On a
molecule-for-molecule basis, methane is a far more active greenhouse
gas than carbon dioxide, but also one which is much less abundant in
the atmosphere.

Nitrous oxide. A powerful greenhouse gas produced by soil

cultivation practices, especially the use of commercial and organic
fertilizers, fossil fuel combustion, nitric acid production, and biomass
burning.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Synthetic compounds entirely of

industrial origin used in a number of applications, but now largely
regulated in production and release to the atmosphere by international
agreement for their ability to contribute to destruction of the ozone layer.
They are also greenhouse gases.

On Earth, human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the
last century the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the
concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2). This happens because
the coal or oil burning process combines carbon with oxygen in the air to
make CO2. To a lesser extent, the clearing of land for agriculture, industry,
and other human activities have increased concentrations of greenhouse
gases.
The consequences of changing the natural atmospheric greenhouse are
difficult to predict, but certain effects seem likely:

On average, Earth will become warmer. Some regions may welcome

warmer temperatures, but others may not.

Warmer conditions will probably lead to more evaporation and

precipitation overall, but individual regions will vary, some becoming
wetter and others dryer.

A stronger greenhouse effect will warm the oceans and partially melt
glaciers and other ice, increasing sea level. Ocean water also will
expand if it warms, contributing further to sea level rise.

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Meanwhile, some crops and other plants may respond favorably to

increased atmospheric CO2, growing more vigorously and using water
more efficiently. At the same time, higher temperatures and shifting
climate patterns may change the areas where crops grow best and
affect the makeup of natural plant communities.

6.0 impacts of global warming

Global warming is already underway with consequences that must be
faced today as well as tomorrow. Evidence of changes to the Earth's
physical, chemical and biological processes is now evident on every
continent.
To fully appreciate the urgency of climate change, it's important to
understand the ways it affects society and the natural environment. Sea
levels are rising and glaciers are shrinking; record high temperatures and
severe rainstorms and droughts are becoming increasingly common.
Changes in temperatures and rainfall patterns alter plant and animal
behavior and have significant implications for humans. In this section,
explore the connections between the climate data and the changes
happening around youand those you can expect to see in the futurein
all parts of the globe, including your own backyard.
Some of the current and future climate impacts into five main groupings:
People
Freshwater
Oceans
Ecosystems

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 Temperature
Each of these major groupings, in turn, is divided into specific categories
that describe more fully some of the consequences we may face. Click on
any of the categories listed on the left for more information.

7.0 solution to this problem

There is no single solution to global warming, which is primarily a problem
of too much heat-trapping carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and nitrous
oxide in the atmosphere. The technologies and approaches outlined below
are all needed to bring down the emissions of these gases by at least 80
percent by mid-century. To see how they are best deployed in each region
of the world, use the menu at left.
Boosting energy efficiency: The energy used to power, heat, and
cool our homes, businesses, and industries is the single largest
contributor to global warming. Energy efficiency technologies allow
us to use less energy to get the sameor higherlevel of
production, service, and comfort. This approach has vast potential to
save both energy and money, and can be deployed quickly.
Greening transportation: The transportation sector's emissions
have increased at a faster rate than any other energy-using sector
over the past decade. A variety of solutions are at hand, including
improving efficiency (miles per gallon) in all modes of transport,
switching to low-carbon fuels, and reducing vehicle miles traveled
through smart growth and more efficient mass transportation
systems.
Revving up renewables: Renewable energy sources such as solar,
wind, geothermal and bioenergy are available around the world.
Multiple studies have shown that renewable energy has the technical
potential to meet the vast majority of our energy needs. Renewable
technologies can be deployed quickly, are increasingly costeffective, and create jobs while reducing pollution.

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 Phasing out fossil fuel electricity: Dramatically reducing our use

of fossil fuelsespecially carbon-intensive coalis essential to
tackle climate change. There are many ways to begin this process.
Key action steps include: not building any new coal-burning power
plants, initiating a phased shutdown of coal plants starting with the
oldest and dirtiest, and capturing and storing carbon emissions from
power plants. While it may sound like science fiction, the technology
exists to store carbon emissions underground. The technology has
not been deployed on a large scale or proven to be safe and
permanent, but it has been demonstrated in other contexts such as
oil and natural gas recovery. Demonstration projects to test the
viability and costs of this technology for power plant emissions are
worth pursuing.
Managing forests and agriculture: Taken together, tropical
deforestation and emissions from agriculture represent nearly 30
percent of the world's heat-trapping emissions. We can fight global
warming by reducing emissions from deforestation and forest
degradation and by making our food production practices more
sustainable.
Exploring nuclear: Because nuclear power results in few global
warming emissions, an increased share of nuclear power in the
energy mix could help reduce global warmingbut nuclear
technology poses serious threats to our security. The question
remains: can the safety, proliferation, waste disposal, and cost
barriers of nuclear power be overcome?
Developing and deploying new low-carbon and zero-carbon
technologies: Research into and development of the next
generation of low-carbon technologies will be critical to deep midcentury reductions in global emissions. Current research on battery
technology, new materials for solar cells, harnessing energy from
novel sources like bacteria and algae, and other innovative areas
could provide important breakthroughs.
Ensuring sustainable development: The countries of the world
from the most to the least developedvary dramatically in their
contributions to the problem of climate change and in their

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responsibilities and capacities to confront it. A successful global

compact on climate change must include financial assistance from
richer countries to poorer countries to help make the transition to
low-carbon development pathways and to help adapt to the impacts
of climate change.
Adapting to changes already underway: As the Climate Hot Map
demonstrates, the impacts of a warming world are already being felt by
people around the globe. If climate change continues unchecked, these
impacts are almost certain to get worse. From sea level rise to heat waves,
from extreme weather to disease outbreaks, each unique challenge
requires locally-suitable solutions to prepare for and respond to the impacts
of global warming. Unfortunately, those who will be hit hardest and first by
the impacts of a changing climate are likely to be the poor and vulnerable,
especially those in the least developed countries. Developed countries
must take a leadership role in providing financial and technical help for
adaptation.

8.0 conclusion
In whole we can say that global warming is a very big problem and
if we all do not do something about this issue it is us who are going
to suffer and our future generation. This problem is our problem
and has to be solved by us. As this is our planet and our home.
The duty to protect and respect it is ours. So,

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