Arabic Course

Quranic Arabic
Program
Level 1: Basic Arabic Language
Muhammad Mubashir Nazir
At end of this level, you will be able to understand the

religious Arabic used in the routine life.
www.mubashirnazir.org
Table of Contents
Description Page
Introduction 3
Level 0 6
Lesson 1: Arabic Alphabets 7
Lesson 2: Half Alphabets 14
Lesson 3: Arabic Vowels 21
Lesson 4: Long Vowels 25
Lesson 5: Two Special Sounds 30
Lesson 6: The Sound of ‘N’ (Tanween) & Some Special Characters 34
Lesson 7: Double Letters (Tashdeed) 45
Lesson 8: Read Sentences 52
Lesson 9: Start Writing Arabic 63
Lesson 10: Practice Yourself 64
Level 1: Learn the Basic Arabic Language 65
Lesson 1A: Parts of Speech 66
Lesson 1B: Basic Hymns 70
Lesson 2A: Gender 75
Lesson 2B: The Prayer 80
Lesson 3A: Case

90
Lesson 3B: What is Piety? 92
Lesson 4A: Number

98
Lesson 4B: Allah, There is no god except Him! 105
Lesson 5A: Pronouns 113
Lesson 5B: Intentions, Begging & Praising Others 130
What’s next? 135
Bibliography 136
Quranic Arabic Program 2 Level 01

Introduction
Dear Reader:
Assalam o alaikum!
Thanks for selecting “Quranic Arabic Program” to learn the Arabic Language. We will take you
through a series of lessons. At the end, you will be able to understand the Arabic Language Insha
Allah. This program contains an easy approach to learn the Arabic Language. This program covers
the language of Islamic Literature but it is name the “Quranic Arabic Program” because the Quran
resides at the central position in this program.
People learn Arabic Language due to two reasons: To understand the Quran, the Hadith and classic
Arabic Literature; or to speak and write in the modern Arabic to communicate with Arabs. This
course is targeted towards the former objective. Although people with the second objectives can
also get benefit of this program.
Due to its systematic nature, Arabic is one of the easiest languages of the world. It has well-defined
rules and a developed language structure. If you are familiar with these rules, you can learn this
language in a few weeks.
To understand the Quran and the Hadith, it is essential to learn the Arabic Language used in the
Quran, the Hadith and the Islamic literature. We will focus on its linguistics, philology and
figurative speech.
Study Methodology
Study Methodology is very simple. Study one lesson daily. Solve all the exercises provided under
“Test Yourself”. Do not read the answers before attempting the questions. Once you solve the
exercises, compare your answers with the answers provided to you. In a few weeks, you will find
that your Arabic Language skills are improving.
The Boxes
Following boxes are provided to you for your ready reference. They contain very important
information for you.
Rule of the Day
Build Your Personality Grammar and language rules will be
Objective of our course is not only provided in this box.
teaching the Quranic Arabic. We are
also concerned about transforming our Do you know?
personalities according to Quranic Facts about the Arabs, their Language,
teachings. This box will provide you the Islamic literature and history will be
tips for Personality Development. provided in this box.
Face the Challenge! Worth Reading

This box will challenge you which will help Links to good articles will be provided in
you in developing your language skills this box.

Introduction
This program starts with Level 0. The objective of this level is to learn the Arabic script. If you are
already able to read the Arabic script, you can directly start with the Level 1.
From Level 1, the lessons are divided into two streams. A series deal with the Arabic Grammar.
Enough exercises are provided to you to learn the Grammar rules.
The objective of B Series is to build your vocabulary. Passages from the Quran, the Hadith and
selected writings of Arab scholars are provided to you. You have to learn the words and styles and
then translate the passages into English. You need not to cram these words. The lessons and the
exercises are designed in a way that you will automatically learn the grammar rules, words and
Arabic styles.
This program is not designed to teach you day-to-day conversation in the Arabic language. This
program is also not designed to teach you how to write in Arabic language. But this program will
help you in achieving these two objectives. You need an Arabic speaking environment as well as a
teacher to achieve these two objectives. Nevertheless, the program is basically designed to teach
you comprehension in the Arabic language.
Ask Your Questions

If you are facing difficulty in any lesson, feel free to ask your questions. Send an email at
mubashirnazir100@gmail.com. You can also provide your comments. Scholars of Arabic
language are strongly requested to please identify any mistakes in this book. Any constructive
criticism will be highly welcomed.
Download Resources
Download the resources from
www.mubashirnazir.org/Courses/Arabic/Level01/AR000-01-Contents-E.htm
The resources include:
• This Book
• Answer Book
• In addition to that, also download the following:
• Sounds for Lesson 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 of Level 0
• Full Quran
• Arabic English Dictionary
• Quran English Dictionary
• Quran Urdu Dictionary
• Arabic & Urdu Fonts

Introduction
Set-up Your Resources

Enable the Arabic Language in your computer. Follow these steps:
For Windows Vista Users
• Open "Regional and Language Options" from Control Panel
• Press “Keyboards and Languages” tab.
• Press “Change keyboards…” button
• Press “Add” button
• Select “Input Language: “Arabic“
For Windows XP Users
• Choose Language tab.
• Check the "Install files for Complex Script and right-to-left languages (Including Thai)".
• Press Apply to proceed
• Press Details button.
• Press Add button.
• Select the “Arabic (Saudi Arabia)” in Input Language drop down list.
• Select the default “Arabic (102)” keyboard.
• Press “OK” and then “Apply”.
The system may ask you to provide Windows CD during this process.
Warning: If you are using an unlicensed version of Windows, it may corrupt.
Download the following resources to continue this program:
• The Holy Quran
• Arabic Font
• A Dictionary: Download the Sakhr Arabic-English Dictionary and install it in your computer.
After that, do the following steps:
• In Regional Options change the standard format to Arabic (Saudi Arabia), and the
location to be Saudi Arabia
• Press the 'Advanced' card (The third card up) and then change the language to Arabic
(Saudi Arabia), then ok and restart your computer.
• Check that Sakhr Dictionary is working.
• Go back to the Regional Settings and change the settings to your normal settings.

Level 0
Level 0: Learn the Arabic Script
At end of this level, you will be able to read the

Arabic script. If you already read the Arabic
script, you can directly start with the Level 1 but
it will be useful reading boxes in Level 0.

Lesson 1: Arabic Alphabets
All languages consist of alphabets. Each alphabet

is a sound coming out of a specific part of our Build Your Personality
mouth. These alphabets combine each other to
Make it your habit to start all your tasks
form a word. Different words are arranged in a
by provoking the name of your God.
specific sequence to form sentences and sentences
make the speech. Therefore, study of all
languages start with the alphabets. Carefully look
at the shape of each letter and listen its sound.
Arabic has 29 alphabets which are as follows:
Letter Name Description
Alif Its sound is like ‘A’ as in ‘CAR’.
& Ba
Equivalent to ‘B’ as in ‘BOOK’. It has one dot under the dish-like
shape.
% Ta
Similar to ‘T’ but it is a lighter sound produced with the tip of the
tongue between the front teeth. It has two dots above the dish-like
shape.
$ Tha
It does not have an exact equivalent in English. It is produced with
the tip of the tongue between the front teeth. It has three dots above
the dish-like shape.
# Jeem
Equivalent to ‘J’ as in ‘JAPAN’. It has one dot inside the duck-like
shape.
" Ha
It has no equivalent in English, but comes closest to the ‘H’ sound. It
is produced by narrowing the middle of the throat. It has no dot.
! Kha
It has no equivalent in English, but comes closest to the ‘KH’ sound
as in “KHAN”. It has one dot above the duck-like shape.
Face the Challenge! Face the Challenge!

Tell the difference between the shape of Tell the difference between the shape of
.
Note: These lessons are based on the work of Qari Fateh Muhammad Pani Pati.

' Daal
Similar to ‘D’ but in a lighter sound with the tip of the tongue
between the front teeth. The sound is like ‘TH’ as in ‘THAT’.
It has no dot.
( Zaal
It has no equivalent in English. Its sound is like ‘Z’ produced
with the tip of the tongue between the front teeth. It is written
by putting one dot above ‘Daal’.
Ra Equivalent to ‘R’ as in ‘ROAD’. It has no dot.
) Za
Equivalent to ‘Z’ as in ‘ZIG Zag’. It is written by putting a dot
above ‘Ra’.
* Seen Equivalent to ‘S’ as in ‘SAY’. It has no dot.
+ Sheen
Equivalent to ‘SH’ as in ‘SHALL’. It is written by putting
three dots above ‘Seen’.
, Swaad
It has no exact equivalent in English. Its sound is like ‘S’ by
making lips slightly rounded. It has no dot.
- Dwaad
It has no exact equivalent in English. Its sound is like ‘D’ by
making lips slightly rounded. It is written by putting a dot
above ‘Swaad’.
Rule of the Day

Alphabets are different sounds produced by
different parts of your mouth.
Face the Challenge!

Tell the difference between the shape of . Compare
it with the difference between other letters

. Twa
It has no exact equivalent in English. It is produced like ‘T’ by
touching the tongue tip to the back of the upper teeth, The lips
are somewhat rounded. It has no dot.
/
It has no exact equivalent in English. It is produced like ‘Z’ by
touching the tongue tip to the back of the upper teeth, The lips
Zwa
are somewhat rounded. It is written by putting a dot above
‘Twa’.
0 A’in
It has no equivalent in English. It is produced from the middle
of the throat. We will denote it by putting an inverted comma
after a vowel like A, I or U.
1 Ghain
It has no equivalent in English. It is produced from the upper
part of the throat. Its sound is like that of gargling. We will
denote it by ‘GH’. It is written by putting one dot above A’in.
4 Fa
Equivalent to ‘F’ as in ‘FAT’. It has one dot. It is written in a
long dish-like shape with round head.
3 Qaaf
Almost equivalent to ‘Q’ as in ‘QUICK’. It is produced with
the back of the tongue touching the back of the mouth. It has
two dots. It is written like ‘Fa’ but in a round shape.
2 Kaaf Equivalent to ‘K’ as in ‘KICK’.
Face the Challenge!

Tell the difference between the
shape of

Do you know?
People of different areas speak the same language
differently. The difference exists in pronunciation,
words, phrases and styles.

: Laam Equivalent to ‘L’ as in ‘LONG’.
9 Meem Equivalent to ‘M’ as in ‘MORNING’.
8 Noon Equivalent to ‘N’ as in ‘NICE’.
5 Ha Equivalent to ‘H’ as in ‘HOLIDAY’.
Waow Equivalent to ‘W’ as in ‘WINDOW’.
7 Hamzah
It has no equivalent in English. It is produced with inner part of
throat with a small break.
6 Ya Equivalent to ‘Y’ as in ‘York’.
Face the Challenge!

Listen the sounds of .
What is the difference?
Face the Challenge!
Listen the sounds of . What
is the difference?
Face the Challenge!
Listen the sounds of . What
is the difference?

Test Yourself
Now solve the following exercise. You have to write the name of each alphabet against its name.
Along with writing, also pronounce the letter as you have already listened. Each letter contains
one mark. After doing the exercise, check the answers with previous pages and then calculate
your score. If your score is less than 80%, do the exercise again.
Letter Name Letter Name Letter Name Letter Name
3 *
9 4 8 8
9 " :
1 " -
" 8
5 . !
$ , - ,
9 - / -
4 : 0 0
* 1 ' 7

& & ;
# . * 7
: ) & (
3 % + ;
2 " $ !
$ ' # +
4 " $ $
( + &
( 1 0 '
5 , + 3
* ) % /
+ 7 2 (

! ) 0 /
1 & % 1
0 ! ' :
. % 7 !
. / -
; * 8 5
4 3 #
) / :
; 9
) 5 ,
7 , 2 2
( 2 ; 8

Lesson 2: Half Alphabets
As English Alphabets have capital and small letters, most of Arabic

Build Your
Alphabets are written half when joined with other alphabets.
Personality
Unlike English Alphabets, Arabic alphabets are joined with each other.
Meet your God!
They are not written in full form. Unlike English, Arabic is written
Performing prayer is
from right-to-left. Read this table from right-to-left.
not only a physical
Look at the following tables to recognize the form of alphabets in the exercise, it is visiting
beginning, middle or end of each word. We have added a letter & in your Lord.
red color at the start and end of each letter to display different forms of
each letter. Original letter is displayed in black color, so concentrate on
the black letter.
End of the Word Middle of the Word Start of the Word Letter
| C< | < &C< | &<

&
D< &D< |
< A< < &

< | J< @< %
< < F $
I< ? #
H< > "
G< = E !
< &< &' '
< & < &( (
< &< &

S< &S< &) )
e< R< \ *
d< Q< [ +
c< < Z ,
b< < Y -
a< P< X .
`< O< W /
< N< V 0
_< M< U 1
^< L< 4
]< K< T 3
w< l< 2
v< k< :
u j o 9
t< < 8
i < | h< & i< | & h< &
s< g n 5
7& &7& &7 7
|q|p
r<
f < | < m ;
Face the Challenge!

What happens to ; when it is Face the Challenge!
joined with other letters? What
happens to 7 ? What are different forms of 5
when it is joined with other
letters?

From above, we can derive the following rules:

• When letters are joined, they change their form.
• The beginning letter is usually written in half. Do you know?
• Letters in middle of a word are also written in half but they are Arabic letters in joining
joined with their preceding word. form are compressed
• Letter at the end of a word is usually written in full but it is and stretched to form an
joined with its preceding word. excellent art. See the
• Most of the letters are written in half form if they come in a photo of an artistic
combination. masterpiece and identify
the alphabets used.
• Few exceptional letters change their shape when they come in a
word. These letters are following:
• which can carry a small 7 as x or y

• % which sometimes changes to z at end of the word
• 2 which can come as 6 or { Rule of the Day
Each language is developed by its
• 5 which can come as sn or 5 native people. They follow certain rules
in their language. Sometimes, they
• ; which can come as 6 or { break a rule. While learning that
language, a non-native person has to
• which can come as | follow the native people whether they
follow a rule or break it. For example,
• Some letters do not change their form at all: They are: in English, ‘but’ is read as ‘batt’
• ' whereas ‘put’ is read as ‘put’. We have

to follow the native people.
• (
•
• ) Do you know?
A text editor like MS
• 7 Word can automatically
select the half or full
form while typing
Arabic.

Test Yourself
Now solve the following exercise. The table is from right-to-left. Identify the alphabets used in
the following words. Each word contains one mark. After doing the exercise, check the answers
and calculate your score. If your score is less than 80%, do the exercise again.
Letter Letter Letter Letter

Word Word Word Word
Used Used Used Used
vN ‫ة‬L\ '& <

]\ ‫@ة‬T LZ
T v@T Z E
T ]AX 8(
&‫ه‬ {T KAX o
‫ة‬So‫ه‬ RT hX
'‫ه‬ A eAV v=
to @ :V ‫<ة‬
R ]kV vN

L V ]kE
^ hL AV (
t A ‫ة‬U
s< ‫ة‬S~ Ro ‫ة‬T
7 &‫ه‬: ‫}ة‬ \


Word Word Word Word
Used Used Used Used
k\ ]' s {

'[ n[ :T ‫ه‬
<[ <V :hT
<hZ V 8 E
9NX ]\U ''
< V Z ^
7PV "h hY
7 U (hVx e :
<@ x o wko
o 4 4hE r[
\A 5m 7o MX
R :Km vm hMX
<o < 9hm X
V@o <R 5m 'V
0Po A\ \ kV
[No \ ` V


Word Word Word Word
Used Used Used Used
N< mT (Lo

y dP< o
@Ay N\ A
x J a
E JR N hAF
Z 8T @m :h\
Z '< Rm 'h[
Rm
mo w( 'hNT
AkU y dmT 5h
eNRV
<y
QV Fx
&Qm o z'7ho x
]n PT
VhYho <
JPQ *XT sm)ho AE
8hkEm 'Zo fohm ]
8hZ
T Jx [
%No to ny OV

Lesson 3: Arabic Vowels
Dear Reader!
Now you know the different forms of Arabic Letters very
well. In this lesson, we will discuss the Arabic Vowels. It is an Build Your Personality
interesting fact that there are some special characters used as Develop the sense that your
vowels. They are called “I’raab” (&Vy). Arabic has four God is monitoring you and
vowels named Fathah (
@), Kasrah (zR), Dhammah (
Y) you will be accountable for
and Jazm (9S). These vowels are used with other characters. your deeds.
When a vowel is used with a letter, it is said that the letter is
carrying that vowel. For example, if the letter, MEEM has a
FATHAH, we will say that MEEM is carrying a FATHAH.
• The sound of Fathah is like ‘U’ as in ‘But’, ‘O’ as is ‘SOME’, ‘U’ as in ‘SHUT’, ‘U’ as in
‘CUT’. It is written as a small bar over its carrying letter as in %
. While writing Arabic
words in English, we will denote it by ‘A’.
• The sound of Kasrah is like ‘I’ as in ‘IN’, ‘I’ as in ‘DISCUSS’, ‘I’ as in ‘IT’ or ‘E’ as in
‘ENABLE’. It is written as a small bar under its carrying letter as in %
. While writing
Arabic words in English, we will denote it by ‘I’.
• The sound of Dhammah is produced by round the lips. Its sound is like ‘U’ as in ‘PUT’, ‘U’ as
in ‘BULL’, ‘U’ as in ‘PULL’. It is written by a diagonal 9-like shape written on its carrying
letter as in %
. While writing Arabic words in English, we will denote it by ‘U’.
• When a letter carries a Jazm, that letter is silent. Its sound will be like ‘T’ as in ‘PUT’, ‘S’ as
in ‘DISK’ etc. It is written as %
or simply without writing anything on the letter. Jazm is not
allowed on the first letter of a word. It can come on subsequent letters. We have written
somewhere and omitted in at many occasions to display the both options.
Do you know? Rule of the Day

Many people do not pronounce certain letters Unlike other languages, Arabic words
correctly. For example, most of Egyptians also contain a vowel at the end. As a
cannot pronounce # correctly, some Arab tribes result, there are certain rules in Arabic
do not pronounce 3, Pakistanis & Indians do not to join a word with the next one.
pronounce " and 0, Indonesians do not
pronounce 4. There are certain people who are Face the Challenge!
trained to recite the Quran correctly. They are Type Arabic letters (if you can) and try
called “Qaree (Reciter)”. to put all four vowels over them by
computer.

Read the table from right-to-left. Also download the sounds and listen. The sounds are also written in
English. As you have learnt that a letter carrying a Jazm cannot come at start of a word, therefore, we
have added a letter ‘Ba’ is written before the original letter to produce the Jazm sound. It is written in
red color. You have to concentrate on black letters.
With Jazm With Dhammah With Kasrah With Fathah Letter
ba < uu x ii y | aa x |
bab < bu & bi & ba & &
bat J
< tu %
ti %
ta %
%
bath < thu $ thi $ tha $ $
baj I < ju #
ji # ja # #
bah H < hu " hi " ha " "
bakh G
< khu !
khi ! kha !
!
bad < du ' di ' da ' '
badh < dhu ( dhi ( dha ( (
bar < ru
ri ra
baz S < zu ) zi ) za ) )
bas e
< su *
si * sa *
*
bash d
< shu + shi + sha + +
basw c
< swu , swi , swa , ,

With Jazm With Dhammah With Kasrah With Fathah Letter
badw b
< dwu -
dwi - dwa -
-
batw a< twu . twi . twa . .
bazw `< zwu / zwi / zwa / /
baa’ < a’u 0
a’I 0 a’a 0
0
bagh _ < ghu 1 ghi 1 gha 1 1
baf ^
< fu 4
fi 4 fa 4
4
baq ] < qu 3
qi 3 qa 3
3
bak w
< ku 2 ki 2 ka 2 2
bal v < lu : li : la: :
bam < mu 9 mi 9 ma 9 9
ban t < nu 8 ni 8 na 8 8
bah s < hu 5 hi 5 ha 5 5
baa 7 &
au 7 ii 7 aa 7 7
bau h < wu wi wa
bai q
yu 6
yi 6 ya 6
6

Test Yourself
Try to read the following words. Write these words in English. Focus on all four vowels.
Word Word Word
v N e
AV E

T : V 8 (
v @T v N o
T
@

n v @T v N
T ] k E
N < L (
J
R v N
J
N t o o
J
N x 7 Ty t o
v o Q x
Q m AV x AZ
%
Q AN x

Lesson 4: Long Vowels
Dear Reader!
You are now aware about four vowels or I’raab of Arabic Build Your Personality
i.e. Fathah, Kasrah, Dhammah and Jazm. Sometimes, the Backbiting involves discussing
sound of first three vowels becomes long. It is like using
other’s weaknesses in his / her
‘OO’ as in ‘FOOL’. Jazm cannot be stretched long. Arabs
absence. Quran describes it as
have developed special characters for these long vowels.
heinous as eating the flesh of
Like short vowels, long vowels also are also carried by your dead brother.
alphabets. These vowels are called long fathah, long
kasrah and long dhammah.
• The sound of Long Fathah is like ‘AA’ as in ‘BAAN’. It is written as a small vertical bar over
its carrying letter as in&. Another way to write a long vowel is writing an Alif after the
letter carrying a short Fathah e.g. < While writing Arabic words in English, we will denote
it by ‘AA’.
• The sound of Long Kasrah is like ‘EE’ as in ‘FEET’. It is written as a small vertical bar under
its carrying letter as in | % . The alternate way to write the long kasrah is to write a silent ;
after letter carrying a short Kasrah e.g. . While writing Arabic words in English, we will
denote it by ‘EE’.
• The sound of Long Dhammah is like ‘OO’ as in ‘SHOOT’, ‘UI’ as in ‘FRUIT’, ‘OO’ as in
‘BOOT’. It is written by a single inverted commas, diagonal 6-like shape written on its
carrying letter as in ‘&. The alternate way to write the long kasrah is to write a silent after
the letter carrying short dhammah e.g. h<. While writing Arabic words in English, we will
denote it by ‘OO’.
Rule of the Day
Face the Challenge! The sound of long vowels is stretched double
Try to write all three long vowels on as compared to short vowels.
the words. Also try alternative styles to
write the long vowels.
Worth Reading
Personality Development Program. A series of tools to
develop your personality.
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/Personalityenglish.htm

Read the table from right-to-left. Also download the sounds and listen. The sounds are also
written in English. As you have already learnt that a letter carrying a Jazm cannot be stretched,
so we are not including it here.
With Dhammah With Kasrah With Fathah Letter
x | ‘
Uoo Eee6y | | Aaa x |
Boo h< | ‘& Bee < | & | Baa < | & &
Too h | ‘% Tee | % | Taa | % %
Thoo hF | ‘$ Thee F | $ | Thaa F | $ $
Joo h | ‘# Jee | # | Jaa | # #
Hoo h | ‘" Hee | " | Haa | " "
Khoo hE | ‘! Khee E | ! | Khaa E | ! !
Doo ' | ‘' Dee 6' | ' | Daa ' | ' '
Dhoo ( | ‘( Dhee 6( | ( | Dhaa ( | ( (
Do you know?
All languages change over a long period of time. New words and styles are added. Some old
words and styles become obsolete. Common Arabic is not an exception to this rule.
The distinguishing feature of Arabic is that the language of 1400 years ago is still alive. The
Quran is recited everywhere. Its words are used in day-to-day conversation. Muslims have
preserved the poetry and prose of the period in which the Quran was revealed in order to
preserve the Quranic Arabic. Any Arab or Non-Arab having a good literary sense can become
an expert in the Quranic Arabic.

Roo | ‘ Ree 6 | | Raa |

Zoo ) | ‘) Zee 6) | ) | Zaa ) | ) )
Soo h\ | ‘* See \ | * | Saa \ | * *
Shoo h[ | ‘+ Shee [ | + | Shaa [ | + +
Swoo hZ | ‘, Swee Z | , | Swaa Z | , ,
Dwoo hY | ‘- Dwee Y | - | Dwaa Y | - -
Twoo hX | ‘. Twee X | . | Twaa X | . .
Zwoo hW | ‘/ Zwee W | / | Zwaa W | / /
A’oo hV | ‘0 A’ee V | 0 | A’aa V | 0 0
Ghoo hU | ‘1 Ghee U | 1 | Ghaa U | 1 1
Foo h | ‘4 Fee | 4 | Faa | 4 4
Qoo hT | ‘3 Qee T | 3 | Qaa T | 3 3
Koo h | ‘2 Kee | 2 | Kaa | 2 2
Koo h | ‘: Kee | : | Kaa | : :

Moo ho | 9 Mee o | 9 | Maa o | 9 9

Noo h | 8 Nee | 8 | Naa | 8 8
Woo | Wee 6 | | Waa |
Hoo hn | 5 Hee n | 5 | Haa n | 5 5
Uoo 7 | 7 Aee 67 | 7 | Aaa 7 | 7 7
Yoo hm | ; Yee m | ; | Yaa m | ; ;
Test Yourself
Word Word
t o x t o
;x ;
4
my ^

|
| s< | s<
' ' ' ‘'
vV\y v N\ y
Word Word
@ R
R <o
w
( w
(
: T vT
' h N T N T
\ R
`
`
L
n [ [
<V AV

o
' h [ <
' ' AE
' h N Z h \

Lesson 5: Two Special Sounds
Dear Reader!
In previous lessons, you have learnt the use of short and
long vowels. Long vowels were three i.e. ; . The Build Your Personality
Being envious or jealous kills a
two letters ; are used in another special form of person. An envious person does
not harm anyone except him.
vowels. If the letter before either of these two letters,
carries a fathah, a special sound is generated.
• The sound of coming after a letter carrying fathah is like ‘OU’ as in ‘SOUND’, ‘OW’ as in
‘BOWL’, ‘OU’ as in ‘SCOUT’. On the contrary, if the letter before carries a dhammah, it
becomes a long vowel producing a sound like ‘OO’ as in ‘FOOT’, ‘OO’ as in ‘SHOOT’.
While writing Arabic words in English, we will denote it by ‘AU’.
• The sound of ; coming after a letter carrying fathah is like ‘I’ as in ‘SITE’, ‘IE’ as in ‘DIET’,
‘I’ in ‘GRIND’. On the contrary, if the letter before ; carries a kasrah, it becomes a long
vowel producing a sound like ‘EE’ as in ‘FEET’, ‘EE’ as in ‘SHEET’. While writing Arabic
words in English, we will denote it by ‘AE’.
Rule of the Day

Sometimes, native people do not follow Face the Challenge!
rule. It is called ‘Shaz’ or ‘Exception’. Try to use these two letters by placing
In Arabic, it is very rare. A rule has different letters carrying a fathah on
only one or two exceptions whereas in them.
English, number of exceptions is too
high.
Do you know?
The language to read the Quran is standard around the globe. Arabs in different
regions speak Arabic in different ways. They have different pronunciation, different
vocabulary, different styles etc. But while reciting the Quran, all of them read it in a
standard way. Muslims from other countries also learn the standard accent to recite the
Quran in the standard accent.

written in English.
With ; With Letter

Aae6x x
Aau
Bae < Bau h< &
Tae Tau h %
Thae F Thau hF $
Jae Jau h #
Hae Hau h "
Khae E Khau hE !
Dae 6' Dau ' '
Dhae 6( Dhau ( (
Rae 6 Rau
Zae 6) Zau ) )
Sae \ Sau h\ *
Shae [ Shau h[ +
Swae Z Swau hZ ,
With ; With Letter

Y hY -
X hX .
W hW /
V hV 0
U hU 1
h 4
T hT 3
h 2

h :
o ho 9
h 8
6
n hn 5
67 7 7
m hm ;
Test Yourself
Word Word
0
hYho t mx
9 hm
E
d
mT m
z ' 7ho 4
hE
8 h@m) X

Z
V

V : hT
e

v m ^

9 hT "
h
Worth Reading
Treasure’s Map: A treasure is available to all of us and we are in search of it. How to find it.
Read this article at http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE01-0005-Treasure.htm

Lesson 6: The Sound of ‘N’ (Tanween) & Some Special Characters
Dear Reader!
Build Your Personality
In this lesson, we will introduce a special sound. By
Focusing on minor religious issues and
default, Arabic Nouns end at a sound of ‘N’ or 8. This ignoring major religious commandments
8 is not written. It is denoted by double fathah bars, is an unbalanced attitude which must be
avoided.
double kasrah bars and double dhammah.
• Double Fathah produces a sound like ‘NE’ as in ‘DONE’, ‘UN’ as in ‘SHUN’, ‘ON’ as in ‘TON’.
While writing Arabic words in English, we will denote it by ‘EN’. An Alif is added after double
fathah.
• Double Kasrah produces a sound like ‘IN’ as in ‘BIN’, ‘IN’ as in ‘TIN’. While writing Arabic words
in English, we will denote it by ‘IN’.
• Double Dhamma ‘’ or produces a sound like ‘UN’. While writing Arabic words in English, we
will denote it by ‘UN’.
Face the Challenge!
Some Special Characters Try to use three forms of tanween by
Arabic also has some letters which are as follows: placing it at three or four letters.
• | | {: It sounds like 7. There is a small shock in the voice

• : It sounds like double alif i.e. ‘Aaa’. ~ is called “Maddah”. When it is carried by any letter, its sounds
is long. If there is a 7 or a silent letter after it, the sound becomes very long e.g. five times long.
• z: is in a round format. Its sound is like % but if it is silent, it sounds like 5.

• and 7 have the same sound. In Arabic, an Alif is always considered silent. It is not possible to have any
movement on it. If there is a movement on an Alif, it is not a real Alif, it is a Hamzah. In the books
x
published in Arab countries, a Hamzah with fathah or dhammah is sometines written as and that with
y
kasrah is written as . If there is a tanween before Alif, the Alif will be silent. If a Silent Alif is at the
beginning of the first word of a sentence, it will give sound, otherwise it will be silent and the last letter
of its previous word will be directly joined with the letter coming after it. It is called a “Hamzah Wasli”
kZ zSn.
• 6 | ;: Sometimes, a ; without two dots is written at end of a word but it is silent. It sounds like an
Alif. The 6 with two dots is read as normal. For example, kV
will be pronounced as “A’la” while kV
will be pronounced as “A’li”.

written in English.
¡
Un In
En
Bun & Bin & Ben < &
Tun % Tin % Ten %
Thun $ ¢ Thin $ Then F $
Jun # Jin # Jen #
Hun " Hin " Hen "
Khun !
Khin ! Khen E !
Dun¡' Din ' Den ' '
Dhun ¡( Dhin ( Dhen ( (
Run Rin Ren
Zun ) Zin ) Zen ) )
Sun *
Sin * Sen \ *
Shun + Shin + Shen [ +
Swun , Swin , Swen Z ,

Dwun -
Dwin - Dwen Y -
Twun ¡. Twin . Twen X .
Zwun ¡/ Zwin / Zwen W /
U’n 0
I’n 0 E’n V 0
Ghun ¡1 Ghin 1 Ghen U 1
Fun 4
Fin 4
Fen 4
Qun 3
Qin 3 Qen T 3
Kun 2 Kin 2 Ken 2
Lun :
¢ Lin : Len :
Mun 9 Min 9 Men o 9
Nun 8¢ Nin 8 Nen 8
Wun Win Wen
Hun 5 Hin 5 Hen n 5
Un 7
¡ In 7
En 7 7
Yun 6
Yin 6 Yen m 6
Test Yourself
Now solve the following exercise. The table is from right-to-left. Some vowels may not be
displayed by the computer. Use your judgment at such occasions. Read the following words.
Each word contains one mark. After doing the exercise, check the answers by listening and
calculate your score. If your score is less than 80%, do the exercise again.
Word Word
¡‫ ة‬L \ <
L Z
Z E
] AX 8 (
K AX o
; is like Alif hX x
e
AV v £ <
:¢ V ‫< ة‬
]k V v N
V ] k E
AV (
Rule of the Day
Majority of Arabic nouns have a tanween by default.

Word Word
z¢ AU
] \ ‫@ ¡ة‬T

T v @T
T

n {
T
‫ ة‬S n R T
; is silent n A
t o
@
; is like Alif
R

L
^
is silent h L
t m is silent A
|s< ‫ ة‬S
Do you know?
The Quran is the only book in the world which is memorized by millions of people. Almost
every Muslim memorizes some parts of the Quran to recite it in his / her prayer. There are
people who memorize the complete Quran. They are called Haafizw `.

Word Word
s 7 ¤
: T r
:¢ h T
8 E
'‘'
^
m
"h h Y
e
:¢
o w
k o
4
h E r[
7 ¤o MX
v¢ m hM X
9 h m X
‘5m ' V

Letter Used Word Letter Used Word
k\ ]'
'[ n [
<[ <V
<hZ
V
9 NX ] \ U
< V Z
7 PV
7 U (hV x
<@ x
o 4
£m
\A 5 m
R : Km
<o <
V@o <R


m T (Lo
m o
¥o A
¡ao
N h AF
@m :¢ h\
R m ' h[
w
( ' hNT
d
mT 5 h
¡
QV Fx
¡z'‘7ho x
¡
VhYho <
s m)ho
AE
fo hm ]

N<
y d
P<
@A y N\
x J

E J
R
AZ 8¢ T
Z '<

R m
m o
Ak U y
e
N R V
<y
&
Q m o
] n P T
J
P Q \XT
8 hkE m ' Zo

z¢ AU
R o
¢ AT
7 ¤

Ak U \
\ kV
`
¢ t V
0Po A\
[No \
J
x [
n y OV
8¢ hZ
¢ T
%
No t o
Mm T
hM A T

¡
LP w
Ro
t P\
£
J
U PQ
8 h eL
8 hKRm NK
8 hkN L Rm
8 hl m K<
x 8 V
¡zZ io QV
J
NP@\y ;m
An exception,
“Majreyha”
n ¥o
| ]kV
%
N o 4
E

V K b
K x
7 ~ {
Am

Lesson 7: Double Letters (Tashdeed)
Dear Reader! Build Your Personality

Sometimes, a letter comes twice in a word. In Arabic Ostentation is doing some good
deeds with an intention to show
script, instead of writing that letter twice, it is written once others. The good deeds with
¦
ostentation are not acceptable
and a symbol is placed over the letter. It is called by God.
“Tashdeed”. These letters are pronounced by pressing
your voice. Face the Challenge!
Some Rules about Tashdeed Try to combine fathah, kasrah &

dhammah with tasheed.
Arabic also has some letters which are as follows:
• The sound of Meem 9 and Noon 8 is produced from inner part of your nose, if they carry a
tashdeed.
• The sound of Ra and Laam : is produced with full mouth, if it carries a tashdeed with
fathah or dhammah.
• Sometimes, two letters alif and laam : are added before a word. If there is a tashdeed on a
:, then the : is ignored and sound is directly attached to the next letter. It is in
letter after
case of 14 alphabets. They are called “Huroof Shamsi”. For example, e §Q will be
pronounced as e
Q
[ .
• In case of other 14 alphabets, is clearly pronounced. They are called “Huroof Qamari”. For
example, K will be pronounced without any merger as K . The detail of these letters is
as follows:
: / . - , + * ) ( ' # $ % Shamsi
6 7 5 8 9 2 3 4 1 0 ! " & Qamari
Do you know?
The Quran is neither poetry nor prose. It has its own style. Quranic recitation is a separate art. It
generates excellent acoustics. Some people make it as their full time career. Many people listen
Quranic Recitation instead of listening music. These reciters are called “Qaaree”.

x
written in English. We are adding a in the beginning to produce tashdeed.
No tasheed No tasheed No tasheed

Abbu ¦& x Abbi ¨&x Abba §&x &
Attu ¦ %
x Atti ¨%x Atta §%x %
Aththu ¦ $
x Aththi ª$x Aththa ©$x $
Ajju ¦ #
x Ajji ¨#x Ajja §#x #
Ahhu ¦ "x Ahhi ¨"x Ahha §"x "
Akhkhu ¦!
x Akhkhi ¨!x Akhkha §!x !
Addu¦ ' x Addi ¨'x Adda §'x '
Adhdhu ¦ (x Adhdhii ª(x Adhdha ©(x (
Arru ¦
x Arri ¨x Arra §x
Azzu ¦ )
x Azzi ¨)x Azza §)x )
Assu ¦ *
x Assi ¨*x Assa §*x *
Ashshu ¦ + x Ashshi ¨+x Ashsha §+x +
Aswswu ¦ , x Aswswi ¨,x Aswswa §,x ,

Adwdwu -x Adwdwi ¨-x Adwdwa §-x -

Atwtwu «.x Atwtwi ª .x Atwtwa © .x .
Azwzwu «/x Azwzwi ª /x Azwzwa © /x /
A’’u 0x A’’i ¨0x A’’a §0x 0
Aghghu «1x Aghghi ª 1x Aghgha © 1x 1
Affu 4x Affi ¨4x Affa §4x 4
Aqqu 3x Aqqi ¨3x Aqqa §3x 3
Akku 2x Akki 2̈x Akka §2x 2
Allu «:x Alli ª:x Alla ©:x :
Ammu 9x Ammi 9̈x Amma §9x 9
Annu «8x Anni ª8x Anna ©8x 8
Awwu x Awwi ¨x Awwa §x
Ahhu 5x Ahhi 5̈x Ahha §5x 5
Aaau ¦7x Aaei ª7x Aaaa ©7x 7
Ayyu 6x Ayyi ¨6x Ayya §6x 6
Test Yourself
Now solve the following exercise. The table is from right-to-left. Some vowels may not be
displayed by the computer. Use your judgment at such occasions. Read the following words.
Each word contains one mark. After doing the exercise, check the answers by listening and
calculate your score. If your score is less than 80%, do the exercise again.
Word Word
z §hT ) ¨<
¡z§ v ¨
%
N̈\ 3
§Z
J
o §T ' §V
J
<© §T
J
¨) &
©
%
¨¥\ §N
%
¨¥ ¬tO m
%
¨\ ¬b m
J
k ªPV
§
%
ḧ §F
Rule of the Day: Note that in case of tashdeed with fathah, both are written above the letter
but fathah is above tashdeed. In case of tashdeed with kasrah, both are written above the
letter but kasrah is under the tashdeed. In the Arabic books published in India & Pakistan, the
kasrah is written below the letter.

Word Word
8 h ¦k m §t m mx

A §t k V
¡ V n ¨R
©h ¡
Ä
<§h ¡
¨T
§¥F ¡
¨QV
T§RU ª o
L o 8 §mx
«:( x 2 m̈y
§@N o ©k¥
z ' § o 6
m̈y

§@
o §l o
%
PQ§ §o
Do you know?
Like English, Arabic is also written in many fonts. In some fonts, tashdeed with kasrah is
written in a style that the tashdeed is above the letter whereas kasrah is under the letter. In
Times New Roman, tashdeed and kasrah both are written above the letter.

Word Word
e
§Q %
<R
¡«vP %
K<§R
§I® %
§< o
6 o \ ¡ ¥ V x7
§E < ¡< V
t¨@ v§o
v ¨¥\ e§¯
¡t¨¥\ e§l
¨ .¨
©8y J
Ä

§ JPx
¨ §R o
J
©KQ y t
%
VS 7 ¤§R
¥ § H
A ¬
Word Word

T © %
F«L§
¨[ : §N
*
§¯ «¤Y
;«§Sm
§<'
©© m w
§¤
ªF§o 2 h¬¤
v ö§So 8 h °¤
h ¬x t ª¤
8 h ¬Y¤ 8 h ¬ªkV
%
ªZ ©8x
¤o t m ©

§E§ ©y
Rule of the Day
If there is a tashdeed after the long alif , its sound becomes 5 times longer.

Lesson 8: Read Sentences
Dear Reader!
Congratulations! Now you can read most of the words used in

Quranic Arabic. It is the time to start reading sentences. Like all Inheritance Law is defined by
other languages, Arabic sentence is a combination of words. the Quran. Those who do not
give the women their share
Each word in a sentence is pronounced as it were single.
trespass the limits imposed by
But unlike other languages, there are some rules in Arabic to Allah.
join words with each other. It is not in case of all words.
Rules about Joining Words

• Sometimes, two letters alif and laam : are added before a word. If that word is the first word in a

sentence, we will assume that there is a fathah on . For example, H@L will be read as Al-Fath. Alif is
considered silent in all cases. If it is appearing at start of a sentence, some movement is used over it,
otherwise it is always silent. If an Alif carries a movement, it is considered a Hamzah. It is written x in
case of a fathah or a dhammah. In case of a kasrah, it is writtten as y.
• If a word with : is in middle or end of a sentence, will be ignored and the previous word will be
directly joined with :. For example H@L t o will be read as Minal-Fath.

• Two silent words cannot be read. In that case, the first one will be given a movement.
• If there is a silent 8 or tanween at the end of a word, in some cases, it will be merged with the first letter
of next word. The rules are as follows:
• If the first letter of next word after a silent 8 is one of these four letters 8 : 9 ; the
silent8 will be merged in them with a sound produced by inner part of your nose. See the
examples: J
Km t o (Main-Yaqnut not Man Yaqnut), o t o (Mimmaa not Min Maa), t o
(Miun Waladin not Min Waladin),
±LP t o (Minnutfatin not Min Nutfatin). w
±¨< t ±o
(Mirrabbika not Min Rabbika), w t o (Milladunka not Min Ladunka). For memorizing, you
can call them 8hkom 4.
• If the first letter of next word after a silent 8 is any other letter, the silent 8 will not be merged.

Rules about Joining Words

• If there is a tanveen at the end of a word and there is an : at the start of the next word, it will be read as
in the example: ; © z S
(Lumazati Nillazi not Lumazatin Allazi), ' V (A’ada Nilaulaa not
A’aadan Alaulaa). In the Arabic books published in India & Pakistan, usually a small 8 is place between
such words to denote this change. So the words are written as ; © 8 z S , 8 ' V while it is
not placed in case of books published in the Arab countries.
• If there is tanveen or a silent 8 at the end of a word and there is a & at the start of the next word, the 8
9
will be converted into . For example N < t o will be read as Mim Ba’di not Min Ba’di.
• The last letter of the last word of a sentence will be silent. If there is an 6 just before the last letter
of the last word, the sound 6 of will be very long. For instance 8 will be Al-Rahmaaaaan,
8 hk Nm will be Ya’maloooooon, t N will be Al-A’alameeeeen. In this case, the last letter is made
silent.
• There is a; (without dots) placed at the end of a word. It is read as . If the word is joined with some
other word, it is written as e.g. 5 Y
Y 5N o N etc. It is called “Alif Maqsoorah”.
Listen and Practice!
Now listen the following passages of the Holy Quran again and again while keeping the written text in front
of you and observe the rules mentioned above. After listening, recite yourself. Try to memorize these
passages.

L zh\
§ tP §Q t o ²
< (hVx
§ t § ²
R<
(3) t m¨ 9 h m w
o (2) § t § (1) N ¨& s ©k
t m © .
Z
(5) K@R .
¨ n (4) N @R 2 §my AN 2 §my
(7) ª§ k V &
hM U (6) k V J N x

zh\
§ t § ²
R<
(3) kT o w ¬< w V §' o (2) ¥\ (y v ©k (1) ¬
x (5) Y @ w ¬< w PN m 4
h R
(4) · t o w
E z E ¸
U C V 2 (7) ; ¼Y 2 (6) ;¤ @m 2 ¥ m

N < §ox (10) v §R §ox (9) K @ §oC (8)
(11) $ ¨ w ¨<
"Q zh\
§ t § ²
R<
2 W b
K x 6 © (2) 2 ) w V N Y (1) 2 Z w " Q x
Rm R N o ©8y (5) Rm R
N o ©8D (4) 2 ( w N (3)
(8)
U w
¨< y (7) J U (D (6)
Worth Reading
How to get rid of Poverty? Read this article at
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE03-0004-Poverty.htm

@ zh\
§ t § ²
R<
K k E K (3) o · k A n (2) \ hX (1) 8 h@m§S ¨@
t m © ©y (5) k \ v L \ x 5 ' ' §F (4) h K t R x 8 RÀ
N < w <ª l m (6) 8 h o U x k % § hk V ho
(8) l C< s ©k e
x (7) t m¨<
]kN zh\
§ t § ²
R<
w ¬< x T (2) ] k V t o 8 RÀ ] k E (1) ] k E 6 © w ¨< \ < x T
©8y © (5) k N m o 8 RÀ ©kV (4) k K < ©kV 6 © (3) 9 ·
(8) N ¬ w ¨< y ©8y (7) M @\ 5 8 x (6) MP 8 RÀ
; kV 8 8 y J mx x (10) ©kZ (y AV (9) m 6 © J mx x
©8C< k N m x (13) ©h & © 8 y J mx x (12) ;hK §@< o x x (11)

<(
Z (15)
Z §< L R
s @ m t f © (14) ;m s ©k
s N P © (18)
<§S 0 \ (17) sm' 0 k (16)
fX E
(19) & @T ¥
\

K zh\
§ t § ²
R<
K
k (2) K
k o 2 ' x o (1) K
k 5 S x §y
ªv t o ¨< 8 ( D< " ¬
l : §S (3) [ ^ x t o E
(5) ¥ L k P o §@ n 9 \ (4) o x

A zh\
§ t § ²
R<
C §@ ªlL o Q & @l v n x t o L t m © t l m
(3)
¢ ¨T @ (2) z §P o LZ hk@ m s ©k t o :¢ h\ (1)
Ä
o (4)
Ä 7 o N < t o ©y & @l hx t m © 3 §L o
hi m z § hKm 7 L t m¨ s k £
o s ©k AN ©y o x
& @l v n x t o L t m © ©8y (5)
¨K t m' w ( z §S
©8y (6)
§m A ¬[ n w f x t mE § Q

V n | S (7)
§m A E n w f x %
§ hk V ho t m ©
s ©k Y <x t mE · @ t o 6¥ 8 V % § ¨<
(8) s §< Q E t w
( s V hY V


SS zh\
§ t § ²
R<
: T (2) KFx - · J E x (1) S) - · J S ) (y
(5) x w §< ©8C< (4) n AE x $ ¨ fo h m (3) o 8 RÀ
E z §( : K o v N m t (6) V x @[ x *
§
m fo h m
(8) 5m [ z §( : K o v N m t o (7) 5m
%m'N zh\
§ t § ²
R<
(3) AZ % M (2) T % m h (1) AY % m' N
(6) ' hl s ¨< 8 RÀ ©8y (5) N s < t P \ h (4) NK s < 8 FC
(y k N m x (8) mQ £
¨
s §y (7) Q
w
( kV s §y
fo h m < §< ©8y (10) ¬ o v ¨ (9) hAK o N <
(11) A£


VK zh\
§ t § ²
R<
*
§ 8 hlm 9 h m (3)
V K o 2 ' x o (2)
V K o (1)
V K
J k K F t o §oC (5) + hL t N : A¥
8 hl (4) $ h A +
L

¢ m n s ¬oC (8) s m)ho J
©LE t o §ox (7)
Y
Q V h (6) s m)ho
(11)
¢ o (10) s n o 2 ' x o (9)
Fl@ zh\
§ t § ²
R<
© §F (3) 8 hk N 4 h \ © (2) <K ) §@ (1) Fl§@ x
§F (6) ¥
8 @ (5) K k V 8 hk N h © (4) 8 hk N 4 h \
(8) N§ t V fo h m §tCR
@ §F (7) K t V @
Do you know?
There are some differences in the Arabic Scripts used in the Indian Sub-Continent (South Asia) and
that used in the Arab Countries (Middle East). Some of them are as follows:
• In the Middle East, the Hamzah with Fathah or Kasrah is written as “ y x” while that in South Asia
is written as “ ”. For example, in the Middle Eastern script 8
¢ Ry v N x while in the South
Asian script, it will be 8¢ R v N .
• In South Asia, straight fatha & kasrah and reversed dhamma is used while in the Middle East, it is
not used. For example, in South Asia, words ' ' v N\ n< are written in this format
while in the Middle East, they are written as '
' vV\y n <y.
• The symbol of silence in the South Asia is

while that in the Arab Countries is “&
”.
N zh\
§ t § ²
R<
hk V ho t m © ©y (2) R E L 8 RÀ ©8y (1) N
(3) A §< hZ
h ¨]
< hZ
h %
§
zSÃ zh\
§ t § ²
R<
s o ©8x
R m (2) 5 ' §V o 6 © (1) z S z S n ªvl v¢ m
(5)
P
o 2 ' x o (4)
P ©8 A © (3) 5 k E x
(8) z¢ Z ho k V §y (7) z f · kV k ©P @© (6) z T h s ©k
(9) z ' § o V
vL zh\
§ t § ²
R<
n v N ¥
m x (1) v L & Z C< w ¬< v N ^ ; x
v ¨¥\ t o z ¥ < o (3) v <<x X k V v \ x (2) v k
(5) : hC o ^ N k N ¥
(4)

dmT zh\
§ t § ²
R<
§& AN k (2) ^ § 7 @¨Q
k my (1) d m T 4
mÀ
(4) 4 h E t o o 0
h t o N X x 6 © (3) J A n
8hV~ zh\
§ t § ²
R<
¬b m (2) @ ¬0 m 6 © w
(1) t m¨< & ª l m 6 © J mx x
Z t V n t m © (4) ªk k v¢ mh (3)
l R
9 NX kV
(7) 8 hV 8 hN m (6) 8 7m n t m © (5) 8 hn\
Fhl zh\
§ t § ²
R<
@<· h n w
f[ ©8y (2)
w
¨< ªv
(1) Fh l 2 P V x §y
(3)

8l zh\
§ t § ²
R<
o 8 <V @x (2) 8 AN o AV x (1) 8 l ¬mx m v T
l (5) AV x o 8 <V @x (4) ¬AV o <V x (3) AV x
(6) t m' l m'
zh\
§ t § ²
R<
h x s ©k t m' 8 hkE m *
§ J
mx (1) H @ L s ©k
7 (y
(3) <§h 8 s §y 5 L M @\ w
¨< < H ÄR (2)
Ã q zh\
§ t § ²
R<
k \ (2) R o s o s V U x o (1) § <x m J
§A
t o v¢ A n (4) P
§ s x o (3)
% (
(5) R o

,EÀ zh\
§ t § ²
R<
s t l m (3) hm k m (2) § s ©k (1) x s ©k h n v T
(4) x hL
]kL zh\
§ t § ²
R<

T (y ] \ U ¨[ t o (2) ] k E o ¨[ t o (1) ] k L ¨& < ( hVx v T
(5) R (y \ ¨[ t o (4) K N %
F©L§ ¨[ t o (3)
* zh\
§ t § ²
R<
¨[ t o (3) * § s y (2) *
§ w k o (1) * § ¨& < ( hVx v T

§¥
t o (5) *
§ Z *
h \ h m 6 © (4) * §£
*
h\ h
(6) * §

Lesson 9: Start Writing Arabic

Congratulations! Now you can read many sentences of The Quran asks us to be just
and fair in our dealings. While
Arabic language. This is the time to start writing in Arabic dealing with other people,
language. The Microsoft Arabic Keyboard is as follows: always ask yourself whether you
have dealt fairly and justly?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Å = <-
- , $ 3 4 1 0 5 ! " # ' \
+ * 6 & : % 8 9 2 . Enter
{ 7 | ; z ) / Shift
( Space
With Shift
! @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) _ + <-
¡ À y ‘ ÷ × Õ > < |
[ ] · x ± / : ” Enter
~ { } É ’ , . Í Shift
¦ Space
• Keep your left-hand fingers at + * 6 &. Also type : with your pointing finger.
• Keep your right-hand fingers at % 8 9 2. Use your pointing finger to type . Type . with
your little finger.
• Now start your typing with the middle line.
• Keep your fingers at the middle line and try to type the upper line.
• Keep your fingers at the middle line and try to type the lower line.
• Once your fingers are familiar with each letter, start typing the letters in an alphabetical
order.
• Start typing different Arabic words used in this book and then start typing passages.

Lesson 10: Practice Yourself

Try to develop the love of Allah. Think
This is the last lesson regarding reading the Arabic script. about His blessings e.g. air, water,
After that, you will start learning the Arabic language. To eyes, hands etc. and be thankful to
Him.
improve your Arabic reading skills, do the following:
• Download the Holy Quran.

• Download the complete recitation of the Holy Quran along with English Translation.
Recitations of many reciters are available on the internet. Simply search ‘Quran Recitation
with English’ on any search engine and you will find many recitations. You can select the
recitation of your favorite Qaaree.
• Daily listen a passage of the Holy Quran along with reading the text. After that, recite it
yourself. Then listen again that passage. It will rectify your mistakes and improve your
reading skills.
Do you know?
The art of reciting the Holy Quran is called z¢ x
T . Reciting it according
to the defined rules in correct pronunciation is called mh¥
. This
course provides you only the fundamentals of Tajweed. If you want to
learn more, listen more and more recitation and join a class conducted
by an expert Qaaree.
Rule of the Day

The Quran was not revealed with an objective of reciting without
understanding. It is obligatory on the Muslims to understand the
Quran which is the last version of the Guidance provided to us by the
Almighty Allah. Continue to next levels of this course to learn the
Quranic Language.
Do you know?
Quranic Translation is a human work which may be subject to the
element of human error. Learn the Quranic Arabic yourself so that you
can differentiate between the right and the wrong translations of the
Holy Quran.

Level 01
Level 1: Learn the Basic Arabic

Language
At end of this level, you will be able to

understand the religious Arabic used in the
routine life.

Lesson 1A: Parts of Speech
Dear Reader!
All languages have certain rules. Languages are
developed by its native people. Based on their speech, Love the creatures of Allah because
experts of grammar derive the language rules. Allah also loves His creatures. Do
Language always precede the rules. It never happened not tease any human being or a
that a nation decided its rules first and then developed living organism.
a language.
Arabic is not an exception. Arabic has well-defined rules which are applied consistently to all of its
words and sentences. As you will see in next levels that these rules are so established that a spread sheet
program can automatically derive hundreds of word from a single word.
Al-Hamdulillah you are now able to read the Arabic sentences. From this part, we are starting the
Arabic language. We shall work in two dimensions i.e. the Grammar and the Language. We shall
discuss the grammar in the A series. The language will be discussed in the B Series. This is a modern
technique of learning the Arabic language. The exercises are designed in a manner that you will
automatically learn the language by solving these exercises.
This lesson belongs to the A Series, therefore, we are starting with the fundamentals of Arabic
Grammar.
Sarf & Nahv (hâ 4Z)
Arabic grammar is divided into two parts i.e. 4Z and hâ. Sarf contains the rules for deriving words
from a single source word whereas Nahv consists of the rules for structuring sentences. The concepts
from both areas are arranged in an easy-to-complex sequence. Our study methodology is ‘learn through
practice’. We do not insist on memorizing the rules. We focus on practicing the rules which
automatically results in learning the rules.
Arabic Parts of Speech

In Arabic, a word is called `L or
k which can be classified under three basic parts of speech i.e.
nouns, verbs and other words.
• Noun (\): Noun is the name of a person, thing, city, etc. For example &V o ãx ²
8P[ : 8ã wm[ ã &@ etc.
• Verb (vN): Verb describes an act of doing something. For example kZ (blessing be upon), vx
(He ate), &[ (He drank) etc.
• Other Words (4): These words join nouns and verbs. For example & (with), : (for), to
(from), (except) etc.
Instead of using English terms, we will use the Arabic terms i.e. 4 vN \ to describe these
terms.
We are providing a diagram depicting different types of these parts of speech. Next lessons will be
based on this classification.


k
'V :hZho z[y Y

Special Nouns \
§io © o Classification 1

Classification 2
zl
No Classification 3
o ]@Qo Classification 4
JLZ vL :hNLo vV Classification 5

MAo 4W

4
o U 4
o &No A o Classification 6
vN
mSo V< '§¥o V< mSo FF '§¥o FF Classification 1
ox 0 o Yo Classification 2
:h¥
o 9hkN o Classification 3
: o ^Vo )ho HZ

Classification 4
^L cT 4hx
Others ^PV 4

Our Course Plan to discuss the parts of speech is mentioned here. The sequence of our next
lessons is from easy to difficult. Level & Lesson No. is written on the right side.
Face the §io © o \ Level 01 / 2A

Challenge!
A o &No \
Compare Arabic
parts of speech Level 01 / 3A
with English
parts of speech.

\ Level 01 / 4A
Level 01 / 5A
'V :hZho z[y Y
\ Level 02 / 3A – 8A
Rule of the Day

zl
No \ Level 02 / 1A
All languages
From Easy to Difficult
consist of nouns,
verbs and Others ^PV 4 Level 02 / 9A – 14A
huroof.
o ]@Qo \ Level 03 / 1A
mSo V< '§¥o V< mSo FF '§¥o FF vN Level 03 / 2A
ox 0 o Yo vN Level 03 / 3A – 10A

Level 04 / 1A – 5A
Level 03 / 3A – 10A
:h¥
o 9hkN o vN Level 04 / 1A – 5A
JLZ vL :hNLo vV \ Level 03 / 11A – 12A

MAo 4W

: o ^Vo )ho HZ

vN Level 04 / 6A – 12A
^L cT 4hx

Test Yourself
Read each word in the following table and classify them to 4 vN \. Freely consult the
vocabulary table.
Category Word Category Word
: ²
(I seek refuge) (hVx (Great) A x
(with) &
(Exalted) 8 A \
(from) t o (The) :
(Satan) tP §Q (Praise)
(Damned) § (for) :
(Name) \ (No)
(Beneficent) t § (god) s
(Eternally Merciful) § (except) ©y
(One) x §
o
(and) (Prophet) : h \ §
(Self-Sufficient) § (associate) w
m [
(on, upon) kV (your, you) 2
(Progeny, followers) : (O Allah!) § «k
kV (Bless!) ªvZ


Lesson 1B: Basic Hymns
Dear Reader!
In B Series, we shall provide you a series of
Arabic sentences. You have to translate them into Suspicion is forbidden by the
English. Vocabulary sheet is provided below. Almighty Allah. It develops a
Arabic sentences are provided on the next pages. negative personality. Avoid
Rule of the Day
suspicion.
In almost all languages, each non-living item

is considered either male or female.
Explanation Word
Allah, the Arabic name of God ²
The greatest, the biggest, the magnificent A x
Free from immorality and all types of physical and moral
filths 8 A \
These two letters are added to a noun at the beginning in
order to specify it. It is a synonym of English word ‘THE’ :
: means ‘the’ and ã means praise and thanks. Meanings ã : ®

of this phrase are ‘the praise’.
These are also two words. : means ‘for’ and ² is the

Arabic name of God. Meanings of this phrase are ‘for ²
: ²
Allah’.
No, not
A god, a superior being s
Except ©y
Muhammad, the last Prophet of God. k\ ‫ﮦ‬: ‫ﮦ‬äkV ‫ﮦ‬v äkZ §
o

Explanation Word
Prophet, Messenger : h \ §
Partner, an equivalent entity w
m [
These are two words. As discussed above : means ‘for and
2 means you. Overall meanings ‘for you’. 2 : w
I seek refuge, I seek protection (hVx
These are two words. & means ‘with’ or ‘from’. Overall
meaning ‘from God’.
²
&
²<
From t o
Two words i.e. : as discussed ‘the’ and 8P[ means
‘Satan’. Overall meaning ‘The Satan’. The entity who tP §[ : tP §Q
spreads evil.
Two words i.e. : means ‘the’ and means ‘rejected

one’. Overall meaning ‘the rejected one’.
§ : §
Two words i.e. & means ‘with’ or ‘from’, \ means
‘name’. Overall meaning ‘with name’ or ‘in the name’.
\ &
R
<
Two words i.e. : and 8ã. Rahmaan is a name of God
which means ‘beneficent, gracious, kind, loving, caring’.
t § : t §
Two words ie. : and . Raheem is another name of God
which means ‘eternally merciful’.
§ : §
One x
Face the Challenge! Do you know?
What is the use of : in Arabic? Quran is not only the Book of Guidance. It is
also the benchmark for the Arabic language.

Explanation Word
And
Again two words. : you already know. Z means an
entity who is eternally independent from everything.
§Z : §
O Allah!, O God! § «k
Bestow your blessings ªvZ
On kV
The progeny, this word is also used for the followers. :
These are three words. & means ‘with’ or ‘from’. ã means
5
‘praise’ and stands for ‘his’. Overall meaning, ‘with His |5 &
|5
<
praise’.
Shower blessings, bestow ©kZ

Two words. kV means ‘on’ and 5 means ‘him’. Overall
meaning ‘on him’. This word is used for both ‘his’ and ‘him’.
5 kV s k V
Two words, : means progeny, children. It also includes the
followers. 5 means ‘his’. Overall meaning ‘his progeny’.
5 : s
Salute, peace be upon him. ©k\
Face the Challenge! Rule of the Day: ; z at end of a noun

Identify some masculine & feminine nouns indicates that it is a feminine noun.
in Arabic from the vocabulary you learned.

Now write your translation in the “English” column.
English Arabic
§ t § ² R <
A x ²
²
8 A \
²

²
©y s
²
: h \ § § o
w
w m [
tP §Q t o ² < ( hVx
§
§ ² x ²
§ o kV ªvZ § «k
§ o : kV
|5 < ² 8 A \
k\ s skV ² kZ

Reverse the Translation

Now translate the English sentences into Arabic. Freely consult the vocabulary table. Compare
your result with the previous page. Calculate your score. Repeat the test, if your score is below
80%.
English Arabic
(I start) In the name of Allah, the beneficent, the
eternally merciful.
(O Allah!) There is no partner for You.
Allah is free from all evils and filths.
Allah is free from all evils and with His praise ….
Allah is one. Allah is eternally independent.
Allah is the greatest.
Blessings of Allah be upon him (Muhammad) and

his progeny. Salute and peace be upon him.
I seek refuge in Allah from the rejected Satan.
Muhammad is Allah’s Prophet.
O Allah! Shower Your blessings upon Muhammad

and the progeny of Muhammad.
The praise is for Allah.
There is no god except Allah.

Lesson 2A: Gender

Most of the languages contain different words for Beware of insincere religious
masculine and feminine. In Arabic, separate words
are used for both genders.
and political leaders. They try to
manipulate you. Always trust on
In Arabic, the ‘masculine’ is called © o your own judgment, not that of
(Muzhakkar) and the ‘feminine’ is called §i o your leaders.
(Muannath). By default, all nouns are considered
© o except the following:
• Real io: The nouns which are io in reality, for example ¡ zxo y (woman), ¡
m (girl), 9 x
(mother), J
E x (sister), J
< (daughter) etc.
• Words with z at their end: The words carrying a z are considered io , for example zhkZ

¡ (prayer), ¡
§ (garden), ¡
R
(good). There are some exceptions to this rule e.g. ¡
LkE
(Caliph), ¡
o©V (a big scholar). A masculine can be converted into feminine by putting a z at its
end.
• Words with 7 at their end: The words carrying a at their end are also considered io ,
for example 7 'h \
(a black woman), 7 ¤ < (a white woman).
• Words with ;at their end: The words carrying at their end are considered io , for
example ;A
(big), ;M Z
(small), O V (great).
• Non-Living Items: There is a large number of nouns related to non-living matter which is
neither male nor female. Native people used either of masculine or feminine words for such
things by assuming that a specific thing is masculine or feminine. For example, in Arabic, &
@
(book) is considered masculine whereas ¡ z¥
[ (tree) is considered feminine. Similarly e
[
(sun) is feminine. We have to follow the native people to determine which items are © o and
which ones are io. Gender of various items is considered differently in different languages.
• Remember that the following words will always be io: -

x (Earth), &
(war),
(fire), 7¡ ¤\
(sky), H
m (air), e
L (living organism).
• Countries’ names will also be io. For example
o (Egypt), 9 [ (Syria)
• Human organs in pairs will also be considered . For example
m (hand), v¢ (foot), ( x
8¢ (ear), t V (eye) etc.

Lesson 2A: Gender
Test Yourself (1)

Write down against each words in the table below whether it is a masculine or a feminine. The
nouns for non-living matter, which are io, are already mentioned.
Gender Meaning Word
Brother ¡!x
Sister J
E x
Father
Mother ¡z
Father &
x
Mother ¡9
Brother of mother :¢ E
Sister of mother ¡
E
Brother of father ¡V
Sister of father ¡
§V
© o A man with bad character ] \
¡§i o A woman with bad character ¡
K\
A good / handsome man t R
A good / beautiful woman ¡
R

Lesson 2A: Gender
Gender Meaning Word

An ugly ____ H
AT
An ugly ____ ¡
AT
A big _____ A
A big _____ ¡z A
A short _____ M Z

A big _____ ¡z M Z
This _____ n
§i o This _____ 5 n
Paradise, Garden ¡
§
§i o Hell §
Bridegroom e
m V
Bride (In old Arabic, it is
used for both male & female)
*
V
Hard, tough, difficult____ m [
Hard, tough, difficult____ ¡zm [
§i o Market 3
h \
A long ______ ¡
kmh X

Lesson 2A: Gender
Gender Meaning Word

Yellow _____ L Zx
Yellow _____ 7 LZ
Green ______ E x
Green ______ 7 E
Red _____ x
Red _____ 7
Blue ______ 3
) x
Blue ______ 7 ¤T )
The most beautiful man t R x
The most beautiful _____ R
Truthful ____ 3
' Z
Truthful _____ ¡
T' Z
Witness _____ n [
Witness _____ ¡zn [
A liar _____ &
(
A liar _____ ¡
<(

Lesson 2A: Gender
Test Yourself (2)

o are provided to you in the following table. Write down their io in the next column
io o io o
(Black)' h \ x (Good) t R
(Green)
E x (Father)
(White) b
<x (Yellow) L Zx
(Brother) !
x (Ugly) H AT
(Blue) 3
) x (Observer) n [
) :
(Maternal Uncle ¢ E (Red) x
(Big) A (Good) tR
(Father) &x (Small) M Z

(This) n (Handsome) t R
x
(Hard) m [ (Uncle) V
(Pious)
n ) (Truthful) 3
' Z
(Immoral) ] \ (Liar) &
(
(Merciful) e
m V
(Bridegroom)
(Leader) V) (Worshipper) <V

(Respected) (Helper)

Lesson 2B: The Prayer
Dear Reader!
In the previous lesson, we have learnt the basic hymns. In this Perform your prayers in a
lesson, we will learn the Arabic Language of our prayers.
way that you are watching
Mostly, our people perform their prayers without understanding it. your God. If it is not possible,
It is a very serious matter. We must learn the meanings of our then at least develop the
prayer. Without that, we will not be able to develop the sense that sense that your God is
we are meeting our Lord. In this lesson, we are including only the
watching you. Prophet
commonly read hymns of our prayer.
Muhammad
Translation
Translate the following sentences. The vocabulary is available here. You can read the vocabulary and
join the words to make sentences. Do not see the answers before attempting. Each sentence carries five
mark. After completing the exercise, see the answers.
Explanation Word
The greatest, the biggest, the magnificent A x
These are two words. 8A\ means “Free from immorality and
all types of physical and moral filths”, 2 means “You”. Overall 2 8A\ wA \

meaning, “You are free from all types of filths & weaknesses.”
O Allah! O God k

And
These are three words. & means ‘with’ and ã means praise
and thanks, 2 means ‘you or your’. Meanings of this phrase 2 &
2
<
are ‘with Your praise’.
Face the Challenge! Rule of the Day

In Arabic, why words are written in In Arabic, fathah, dhammah and kasrah are
joined form? Compare it with English. used at the last letter of a word to indicate
different positions of a noun.

Explanation Word
Blessed 2A
Again two words. \ means name and 2 means ‘you or
yours’. So the full phrase is ‘your name’.
2 \ w\
High, exalted åN
Two words i.e. means highness, majesty and 2 means
‘you or yours’. SO the full phrase is ‘Your majesty’.
2 2¬
No, not, never
A god, a superior being s
Two words i.e. U means ‘other than’ and 2 means ‘you or
your’. So the phrase means ‘other than you’.
2 U 2U
These are also two words. : means ‘for’ and ² is the Arabic
name of God. Meanings of this phrase are ‘for Allah’.
² : ²
Lord, Sustainer, Upholder &
These are two words. : means ‘the’ and ~Vmeans all t N
worlds or universes.
Two words i.e. : and 8ã. Rahmaan is a name of God

which means ‘beneficent, gracious, kind, caring’.
t
Two words ie. : and . Raheem is another name of God
which means ‘eternally merciful’.

Do you know?
Arabs of 6th and 7th century (time of Quranic revelation) were fond of poetry and speeches. A poet
or a speaker used to enjoy a high rank in the society. There were poetry & speech competitions in
their major gatherings. Poetry master pieces were hanged with the Holy Ka’aba.

Explanation Word
Owner wo
Day 9hm
Judgment. The complete phrase tm
judgment’.
9hm means ‘the day of tm' : tm
For You only 2my
We worship AN
We seek help N@R
Two words i.e. ny means ‘guide’ and means ‘us’. So the
phrase means ‘guide us’.
n n
The path .
The straight or the right. Full phrase
‘the straight path’ or ‘the right path’.
K@R~ . means
K@R~
tm
These two words are added to a noun at the beginning in order
to specify it. It is a synonym of English word ‘THE’ or “Those
who”.
You favored, You blessed J

Nx
Two words i.e. kV means on and n means them. Phrase
means, ‘on them’ or ‘upon them’.
n kV kV
Other than, not those who U

Explanation Word
Who earned anger of Allah, damned, cursed &hM
Who got astray, who got away from the right path. «¤
Please accept it. o
Two words i.e. & means ‘Lord, Sustainer’ and 6 stands for
‘my or me’. Phrase means ‘My Lord’.
6 & ¨<
The great ON
He listened \
Two words i.e. : means ‘for’ and to means ‘who’. Phrase
means ‘for whom’.
t o : t~
Two words, ã means praise and thanks and 5 means ‘his or
him’. Phrase means ‘His praise’.
5 5ã
Two words i.e. & means ‘Lord, Sustainer’ and stands for
‘our or us’. Phrase means ‘Our Lord’.
& <
These words, ‘for You’. 2 : w
The highest, the greatest. kV
The greetings, the salutations %@
The prayers zhk
Purified things or purified emotions %AP

Explanation Word
Peace 9R
Two words, kV means ‘on’ whereas 2 means ‘you or your’.
Phrase means ‘on you’.
2 kV wkV
O (person)! To address someone. m
The Prophet, here it means Prophet Muhammad. æ
Blessings
ã
Two words i.e. %< means benedictions, blessings, whereas
5 means ‘his or him’. Phrase means ‘His blessings’. 5 %< s<
Two words, kV means ‘on’ and means ‘our or us’. So the
phrase means ‘on us’.
kV kV
Slaves of Allah. ² 'AV
Pious ®
Bestow blessings vZ
Progeny, also includes the followers :
Two words, 2 means ‘like’. o stands for ‘what, which etc.’.
Phrase means ‘like which’
o 2
You bestowed. The word is linked with vZ. JkZ

Explanation Word
Prophet Abraham 9R ‫ة‬hk ‫ﮦ‬äkV n<y
Admirable ã
Great, high, glorified, exalted
Give prosperity, bestow blessings 2<
You bestowed. The word is linked with 2<. Compare
J< with JkZ vZ.
2<
J<
Again two words, means ‘you or your’. Phrase means ‘on
you’. 2 is used for singular and is plural.
kV lkV
Rule of the Day Face the Challenge!

Normal form of a noun is its “Subjective” How do you describe the subjective,
case. When a task is done on a specific noun, it objective and possessive cases in the
is its “Objective” case. If a noun belongs English grammar?
something, it is its “Possessive” Case. They
are called respectively in Arabic.
Do you know?
The Quran challenged the Arabs to produce a chapter like that of Quran. The challenge was never
accepted by the best poets and speakers. All Arabs, whether Muslims or not, agreed that they were
not able to produce a single verse comparable to the Quran.
Labeed, one of the great poets of Arabia, left poetry after his conversion to Islam. Someone asked
him the reason. He said, “How can I do poetry after the Quran?”

English Arabic
Ax ²

wç 2A 2> § «k wA \
.2
U s 2 ¬ N
. § tP §Q t o ²

< ( hVx
. § t § ²

R
<
.N ¨& ²
®
.t m¨ 9 h m w
o . § t §
.
N @R
2 §my AN 2 §my
. K@R
.
¨ n
k V J
N x t m © .
Z

o .
ª§ k V &
hM U
.ON §¨< 8A\
.5 t ²
\
.® w
§<
.kV· §¨< 8A\

English Arabic
! %
A¨©P z h k§ ²
%
§
§@
²

¬A§ ¬m w
kV 9 §R
‘s <
.
²
' AV kV kV 9 §R
²
© s 8 [x
.‘sh\ ‘5AV §

o ©8x [x
: kV o kV «kZ

§ k
: kV n<y kV J
«kZ

n<y
. ¥o w
§y
: kV kV 2 < § k

: kV n<y kV J
<
n<y
. ¥o w
§y
.²

ã l k V 9 §R


Now translate the English sentences into Arabic. Freely consult the vocabulary table. Compare your
result with the previous page. Calculate your score. Repeat the test, if your score is below 80%.
English Arabic
Allah is the greatest.
O Allah! You are free from all weaknesses. With

Your praise (I say that) Your name is blessed.
Your majesty is high and there is no god other than

You.
I seek refuge in Allah from the rejected Satan.
Allah in the name of, the most Beneficent, the

eternally Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, the most

Beneficent, the eternally Merciful.
Owner of the day of judgment. (O Allah!) You alone

we worship and You alone we ask for help.
Guide us towards the right path.
The path of those whom You have favored.
Neither the path of who earned Your anger nor of

those who astray.
My Lord the great is free from all weaknesses.
Allah has listened who has praised Him.
O our Lord! Praise is for You.

English Arabic
My Lord, The High, is free from all weaknesses.
The greetings, the prayer and the purified things are

for Allah.
O Prophet! Salutations and Allah’s blessings and His

benedictions be upon you.
Peace be upon us and on all pious slaves of Allah.
I declare that there is no god except Allah.
And I declare that verily Muhammad is His slave

and His messenger.
O Allah! Bless Muhammad and the progeny

(followers) of Muhammad.
As You blessed Abraham and the progeny

(followers) of Abraham.
Verily You are praised and exalted.
O Allah! Give benediction to Muhammad and the

progeny (followers) of Muhammad.
As You gave benediction to Abraham and the

progeny (followers) of Abraham.
Verily You are praised and exalted.
Peace and blessings of Allah be upon you.

Lesson 3A: Case

Dear Reader!
As in English, there are three states of a noun which Build Your Personality
is called the ‘case’ i.e. subjective, objective and
possessive cases. Similarly in Arabic, there are three Think from other’s point of view.
cases which are called
. It will broaden your intellectual
horizon and will help you
In English, different cases are denoted by changing
the sequence of words or adding words to it. In
understand and tolerate other’s
Arabic, it is denoted by a change in the &Vx of point of view.
the last letter of a word. Look at the following table.

\
Possessive Objective Subjective Noun
tR R
t R
t R

h h h h
&
@ <@ &
@ &
@
• The Form (&Vy) of Last letter of 80-85% of Arabic Nouns change as per following detail.
• The (subjective case) is normally denoted by putting a ¡ sY at the last letter of a noun. It
is the default case. If the default case has a single dhammah, a single fathah and kasrah will be
placed in other cases. If the default case has a double dhammah, a double fathah and kasrah will be
placed in other cases.
• The (objective case) is normally denoted by putting a s@ at the last letter of a noun.
Usually an Alif is added after the two fathah, if the last letter is not a round z or a hamzah 7.
• The (possessive case) is normally denoted by putting a zR at the last letter of a noun.
• If an : is placed before a noun, its double movements are converted into single movements.
• A few nouns (appx. 1-2%) do not change their form. They remain the same in all cases. They are called
èAo. For example n (this) will remain the same in all forms
• Some nouns (apprx. 14-15%) change their form, but they are the same in and . They are called
4o U. For example n<y will be n<y in its and form. They carry a sY in but
carry either a s@ or a zR in both and . They also do not carry a tanveen. You will learn
them by experience

Lesson 3A: Case

Test Yourself
The default case is given to you in the right column. Determine the and case for
these nouns.

No
Possessive Objective Meanings Subjective
Muhammad § o
A Prophet :¢ h\
The prophet : h\
A thing r¢ [
The thing r Q
A sign, a verse ¡
m
The sign, the verse
mÉ
A garden ¡
§
The garden
§

A girl, a daughter J
<
The girl, the daughter J
A
A sky, a heaven 7¡ ¤\
The sky, the heaven 7 ¤§R
Note that by adding an Alif-Laam : before a noun results in a single dhammah at the last letter.
If an : is not placed before a noun, it has double dhammah.

Lesson 3B: What is Piety?
Dear Reader!
From this lesson onwards, we will read the selected passages If we have the right to accept
from the Holy Quran, the Hadith and selected writings of Arab
a point of view based on
scholars. Look at the styles used in these passages and develop
some arguments, other
your language skills by translating these styles into English
language. people also have the same
right. Try to convince others
In addition to learning the language, also try to develop your
in a positive manner. Do not
personality in light of the attributes mentioned in these verses
and Ahadith. impose your views on others.
Tolerate the different views.
Translation
Translate the following sentences. The vocabulary is available here. You can read the vocabulary
and join the words to make sentences. Do not see the answers before attempting. Each sentence
carries five marks. After completing the exercise, see the answers.
Explanation Word
It is not e

The piety, righteousness §A
That 8 x
You turn (towards some direction) h°h
Two words, 5h is the plural of s which means ‘face’.
means ‘yours’. Overall meaning ‘your faces)
5h l n h
Towards v AT
The East 3
Q

And, if is repeated several times, you can translate is as a
‘comma’ instead of repeating and, and, and


Explanation Word
The West &
M
But §tl
The piety, righteousness §A
Who t o
Believed, had faith in t o
Two words, & means ‘with’ and ² is ‘God’. Overall
meaning ‘with Allah’ or ‘in Allah’.
² & s©k<
Two words, 9hm means ‘day’ and E means ‘the last’.
Overall meaning ‘the day of judgment’.
E É 9 h
The angels
l
The book, the divine law. Usually this word is used for the
divine books i.e. the Torah, the Gospels and the Quran.
&
@l
Prophets. A or 8hA is the plural of é.
Ä§
Gives
Wealth :
Two words, means ‘love’. 5 means ‘his or him’.
Overall meaning ‘in His (Allah’s) love’.
s Ä

Explanation Word
Relatives < K 6(
Orphans o@
Poor people
R
Two words, t< means ‘son’, vA\ means ‘way’. Overall
meaning ‘the son of the way’. This idiom is used to describe v A§R t <
a ‘traveler’.
Poor people who ask for help

k §R
Two words, ê means ‘in’ and ‘&T’ means ‘slavery’.
Overall meaning ‘in slavery’.
&
T¨
He established, He performed regularly and collectively 9 Tx
Prayer z §
Give
Zakat (the mandatory charity imposed by Islam on rich
people).
z §S
Those people who fulfill (their promises or contracts) 8 hh
Three words, & means ‘with’, V means ‘promise or
contract’, n means, ‘their or them’. Overall meaning ‘with n V & n N <
their contracts’.
When (y

Explanation Word
They promise n V
People who are firm and patient t m<§
Pain, suffering 7 \C A
Adversity, loss 7 §§
At the time of

War *
C A
They are w
f x
Those who t m ©
Are truthful hT Z

When these two words are combined, the make an exclusive
sense i.e. “Only those are the people who….”
n w
f x
God fearing, careful about right and wrong. It is plural. Its
singular is K@o.
8 hK§@
What is singular and plural? How do In Arabic, there are special nouns used to
you make a noun plural in English? describe pairs. It is called s .
Worth Reading
Pure Monotheism! What is the difference between Monotheism and Polytheism? Read this
article at http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE01-0009-Monotheism.htm

English qV
§A e

&
M 3
Q
v AT l n h h°h 8 x
§A §tl

l E É 9 h s ©k< t o to

Ä§ & @l
:s Ä kV :
t <
R o@ < K 6(
&
T¨ k §R v A§R
z §S z § 9 Tx
n V (y n N < 8 hh
*
C A
7 §§ 7 \C A t m<§
.8 hK§@ n w
f x hT Z
t m © w
f x
(2:177 zKA)
Do you know?
Arabic is the most structured language of the world. If you know the rules of deriving words, you
can produce hundreds of words from a single word. These rules will be described in detail at
Level 3 & 4.


Now translate the English sentences into Arabic. Freely consult the vocabulary table. Compare your
result with the previous page. Calculate your score. Repeat the test, if your score is below 80%.
English qV
It is not righteousness (or piety)
That you turn your faces towards the East or

the West
But the (behavior of) righteousness is:
(That of a person) who believes in Allah, the

Day of Judgment, the angels, the divine
books and the Prophets.
And gives his wealth due to His (Allah’s)

love to:
(the poor) relatives, orphans, poor, (needy)
traveler, those who ask for financial help, and
those in slavery.
And establish the prayer and pay the Zakat.
And (the people) who fulfill their

responsibilities when they enter into a
contract
Those who are firm and patient during
suffering, adversity and at the time of war.
These are the people who are truthful and

these are the people who are righteous (and
pious).

Lesson 4A: Number

Dear Reader!
All languages have separate words for singular and Build Your Personality
plural nouns. Normally, plural nouns are derived Building a nation is a long process. If you
from the singular nouns. As in English, we add ‘s’ or want to build your nation, don’t expect the
‘es’ at end of each singular noun to derive its plural results of your effort in days.
noun.
In Arabic, the situation is not different. But the difference between the Arabic and other languages is that
there are three words are used to describe the number of a noun. They are called
.
• : means singular. For example v¢ (a man), ¡zxoy (a woman), ¡
§ (a garden) etc.
•
: is used for two items, usually used to describe persons or things in pairs. For example 8 (two
men), 8oy (two ladies), 8@ (two gardens) etc. The simplest way to make
is to add an Alif +
Noon 8 at end of a noun, if the noun is in subjective case (). If the noun is in objective () or
possessive () case, a Ya + Noon tm is added and the 6 is followed by a fathah. For example k
(two men), oy (two ladies), @ (two gardens) etc
• : means plural. In Arabic, plural means three or more. For example :¢ (3 or more men), % xoy (3
or more ladies), % § (3 or more gardens).
There are certain rules to make a noun plural.
• For most of nouns, plural can be made by adding Wa + Noon 8 at the end of a masculine noun and Alif
+ Ta % at the end of feminine noun. For example, 8
hk Ro (many Muslims), 8 ho io (many believers),
8 <V (many worshippers), %
k Ro (many Muslim ladies), %
o io (many believer women), %
<V
(many worshipper women) etc.
• This is applicable in the subjective case (). If a masculine noun is in objective () or possessive
() case, a Ya + Noon tm is added and the 6 is followed by a kasrah. For example k Ro (many
Muslims), o io (many believers), t m<V (many worshippers).
• If a feminine noun is in objective () or possessive () case, the last letter of the word will have a
kasrah in both cases. In , it will carry a kasrah instead of a fathah. For example % k Ro (many
Muslim ladies), % o io (many believer women), % <V (many worshipper women) etc.
Do you know?
Rule of the Day
The Quran changed the lives of Arabs. It
tm \ 8 is the symbol of s whereas tm \ 8 transformed unorganized and insurgent Arabs
is the symbol . into the world’s largest super power of its
time.

Lesson 4A: Number

There are many nouns, whose plural is not made by following these rules. It is called §Rl
o .They are
derived from the speech of native people. For example,
@ (many books), :¢ (3 or more men) etc.
They have fathah in objective () case and kasrah in possessive case () at their end. There plural is
learnt by studying the dictionary or the Arabic Literature.
They are used at certain structures. The benefit of learning these structures is that you will consider the
word at anyone of these structure will usually be a plural word. Just put the letters instead of : 0 4 and
get the §Rl
o .
:¢ N x

' x
J
T %
Tx
^
m[

4
[x
P o Pox
:¢ h N

w
k o 2 hko
n [ ! ' h[

kT
&
hkT
s 5 h
" ' h
:¢ N

&
hF
&
F
v¢ :¢

A # A

M Z
MZ

k < " ' <
v¢ N

&
@ #

@

¢ L\ #
t L \

¢ L Z
#

^

Z

¢ K mX !" 3
X

¢ mo " 8¢ o
7 N

m) 7 )

o x 7 o x
V

7 k V
s L\
7 L \
[ ! " 7 [
v¢ N x

[
[ x
v¢
v¢ x
e
L
e
L x

V t Vx

< $
< x
7 N x

A
7 Ax

A #
$ 7 §A x

mT
$ 7 <
T x
ëU 7 Ux
¬ 7 x
8¢ N

*
8¢ \
k < " 8¢ k<

T #
8¢ A
T
Lesson 4A: Number

v N

V Z
V

¢ S ) % : ) )

h

h
n h
n h
v N

v
¢ m T v m'T
8¢ Pk \
X \
3
Z #

]
m'Z

mìE m)E
8¢ @R<
R<

¢ k N

(
¢ @\x z¢ \x
¢ k z¢ o
w
k o

¢ l o &
"

v V Lo

¥ Ro
% Ro

¢ A@l o
#"
lo

O o " W o
v¢ @Ko
v Ko &
"

v VLo

"
@L o " H
Lo
k Ko " Ko
&
h@lo
!
lo &
"

Note that certain structures are 4o U. It means that a tmh cannot be used at their last letter. When
they are in possessive or objective case, their last letter will always carry a fathah. They are vN
7 N x 7N vN vVLo vV Lo :
Plural of some nouns can be used at more than one structures. For example, the plural of < is h<
<
<x. For words having more than one meaning, plural in one meaning is used at one structure
while that in the other meaning is used at another structure. For example AV means a slave of a man or a
slave of God. In first meaning its plural is
AV while in the other meaning its plural is ' AV .

Describe the difference between normal 8 \ 8 denotes whereas tm is the symbol
plural and Rlo ?
.

Lesson 4A: Number

Test Yourself (1)
You are provided with singular nouns. Make
and for these nouns. Rlo is already
provided wherever applicable, Fill in the blanks. Each line carries 6 marks.

¢ No
Plural Two / Pair Meanings Singular
| |

k Ro 8 hk Ro k Ro 8k Ro Muslim k Ro

@ |
@
@ Book &
@
8 K@o Pious person K@o
Believer t o ho
W Vx W Vx Greatest O Vx
7¡ L \ Foolish
person
¡sL\
Reformer H
k
o
X[
X [ Satan, devil 8¢ P[
One who
make disorder
R
Lo
%
k W | %
k W %
¡ k W Darkness ¡
kW
Lightening on
] V hZ
the sky ¡
KV Z
during rain
%
§ Garden ¡
§

Lesson 4A: Number

¢ No
| |
Person who
goes astray
¡:¤Y
%
hk Z
Prayer ¡zhkZ

&
hkT Heart
kT
-
ox Disease -
o
h \ A chapter of
Quran
¡zh\
Worshipper <V
x River, canal
8¢ ( Ear 8¢ (
:¢ ox Example v¢ o
Punishment &
V
MZ
Small
M Z

Covering ¡zQU
Person with
bad character
] \
Light h

Lesson 4A: Number

Test Yourself (2)

You are provided with feminine nouns. Make their
and
in all three forms.

¢ No
| |
%
k Ro | %
k Ro %
k Ro @ k Ro 8@ k Ro Muslim
female
¡
k Ro
Worshipper
female
¡z<V
Prostrating
female
¡z\
Observing
female
¡zW
Fasting
female
¡
Z
Believing
female
¡
o io
Married
female
¡
A¨F
Devout
female
¡
@T
Pious female ¡
Z
Truthful
female
¡
T' Z
A female
protecting ¡
O
herself
Patient
female
¡z<Z
Humble
female
¡
N[ E

Lesson 4A: Number

Test Yourself (3)
You are provided with feminine nouns. Make their masculine nouns with their
and
in all
three forms.

¢ o io
Plural Two / Pair Masculine Feminine
| |

k Ro 8 hk Ro k Ro 8k Ro k Ro ¡
k Ro
¡z<V
¡z\
¡zW
¡
Z
¡
o io
¡
A¨F
¡
@T
¡
Z
¡
T' Z
¡
O
¡z<Z
¡
N[ E

Lesson 4B: Allah, There is no god except Him!
Dear Reader!
This lesson contains Quranic verses about Always remember that we have to meet our
Allah and His attributes. Allah is only one and
Lord. We will be accountable for our deeds.
He is actively controlling entire universe.
Translation
Translate the following sentences. The vocabulary is available after the sentences. You can read
the vocabulary and join the words to make sentences. Do not see the answers before attempting.
Each sentence carries five mark. After completing the exercise, see the answers.
Explanation Word
No, never, not
God s y
Except ©y
He, Him h n
Living, self-subsisting ¬

Eternal 9 h¬K
Two words, EC means ‘seize’ and 5 means ‘his or him’. 5 E C 5 E C
Overall meaning, ‘seize him’.
Slumber
¢ \
Sleep 9 h
Two words, : means ‘for’ and 5 means ‘his or him’. Overall
5 : s
meaning, ‘for him’.
Which, what, that o

In, inside,

Explanation Word
Skies, heavens. Its singular is 7¤ç which means a single sky or
%
h §R
heaven.
The Earth -
·
Three words, to means ‘who, which’, ( means ‘that’, 6 means
‘that’. The full phrase 6 ( to means that ‘who is the person that 6 © ( t o
can….’
Intercede, recommend L Q
m
Two words, V means ‘near’, 5 means ‘his or him’. Overall
5 V
meaning ‘near him’ or ‘in front of him’.
Three words, & means ‘with’, 8(y means ‘permission’ and 5 means
5 8(y & s ( D<
‘his or him’. Overall meaning ‘with his permission’.
He knows k N m
Between t <
Two words, 6mx means ‘two hands’. n means ‘them or their’.
Overall meaning ‘their two hands’. mmx < o is an idiom which n 6mx mmx
means “whatever is in front of them”.
Two words, ^kE means ‘behind’. n means ‘them or their’. Overall

n ^kE L k E
meaning ‘behind them’.
They can get access to….., they can comprehend to …. 8 hPm
Two words, & means ‘with’ and 7[ means ‘thing’. Overall
7[ & 7 Q
<
meaning ‘with any thing’.
From t o
Two words, kV means ‘knowledge’. 5 means ‘his or him’. Overall
5 kV s k V
meaning ‘his knowledge’.

Explanation Word
Three words, & means ‘with’, o means ‘what or whatever’
and 7[ means ‘he likes’. Overall meaning ‘whatever He 7[ o & 7[ <
likes’.
Extends \
Two words, \ means ‘throne or chair’. It stands for the
controlling point of this universe. Overall meaning ‘His 5 \ s ¬\
throne’.
Two words, 'hfm means ‘fatigue’. 5 means ‘his or him’.

5 'hfm 5' hfm
Overall meaning ‘fatigue him’.
Two words, `L means ‘protection’ or ‘guarding’. í means

í `L O L
‘both of them’.
The most high, the exalted ¬k N
The greatest, the supreme ON
Compulsion, religious persecution 5 y
Religion t m¨
Verily, this word is added to make a sentence empathetic.
With past tense, it gives the sense of Present Perfect Tense.
T
Made it clear, made it distinctive t §A
Guidance, the tight path [ ¬
From t o

Explanation Word
Error, the wrong path ¨M
Two words, 4 means ‘so’, to means ‘whoever, that’. Overall
t
meaning ‘so whoever’.
Denounce L l m
Two words, & means ‘with’. %hUX means ‘force of evil’.
%hUX : & %
hU©P<
In translation, the preposition & will be ignored.
Believe t o i m
Two words, 4 means ‘so’ whereas T means ‘verily’ K
Hold firmly w
R
@\
Hand hold zV : & z N <
Firm, strong KFh
Break, split 9 L

Two words, : means ‘for’ and n means ‘it’. Overall meaning
n :
‘for it’.
Listener \
Knower kV
Protector, friend ¬

Explanation Word
Two words, tm means ‘those who’, ho means ‘believed’. ho t m ©
Overall meaning ‘those who believed’.
Two words, # means ‘He brings out’, n means ‘them or

n # £
m
their’. Overall meaning ‘bring them out’.
Darkness %
k O°
Towards y
Light h¬
Two words, ‘those who disbelieve’ or ‘unbelievers’. L t m ©

Two words, 7x is plural of î means ‘protectors’ or
‘guardians’. n means ‘them or their’. Overall ‘their n 7x n | x
guardians’.
Two words, 8h means ‘they bring out’. Overall meaning,

n 8h h £
m
‘they bring out them (unbelievers)’
They w
f x
&Zx means ‘friends or companions’. means ‘fire’. § &
Z
x
Overall meaning ‘companions of fire’.
They n
Two words, ê means ‘in or inside’. n means ‘it’. Overall
n ê
meaning ‘in it’.
Forever 8 E

English qV
h n ©y s y s ©k
9 h¬K ¬

9 h
¢ \ 5 E C
-
· o %
h §R o s
s ( D< ©y 5 V L Q

m 6 © ( t o
L k E o mmx t < o k N m
7 [ < ©y s k V t o 7 Q

< 8 hPm
5 ' hfm -
· % h §R s ¬\ \
ON ¬k N h n O L
t m¨ 5 y
¨M t o [ ¬ t §A T

What is a pronoun? If the name of a noun is used in a sentence, it is
not repeated again and again. Instead of name,
certain words e.g. he, she, they, you, I, we are
used. Search the name of these words in the
English Grammar.

English qV
K s ©k< t o i m %
hU©P< L l m t
9 L KFh z N < w
R @\
kV \ s ©k
%
k O° t o £
m ho t m © ¬ s ©k
h¬ y
%
hU©P n | x L t m ©
%
k O° y h¬ t o h £
m
.8 E n § &
Z
x w
f x
(2:255-257 zKA)
Do you know?
When Prophet Muhammad k\ s skV ² kZ presented the message of Quran, the Arabs rejected
it. He continued his struggle to convey God’s message. At last, entire Arab nation accepted his
message. Within a period of 10-15 years, two super powers of the time i.e. Roman & Persian
empires surrendered and the Muslim empire was stretched from present-day Pakistan to Morocco.
Interesting fact is that there was a completed religious freedom in that empire.
Worth Reading
Character of Ancient Religious Scholars at Jerusalem. Read this article at
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0014-Jerusalem.htm


Now translate the English sentences into Arabic. Freely consult the vocabulary table. Compare your result
with the previous page. Calculate your score. Repeat the test, if your score is below 80%.
English qV
Allah, there is no god except Him.
The living, the eternal.
He neither slumbers nor sleeps.
Whatever is in heavens and the earth belongs to Him.
Who can intercede in front of Him without His permission.
He knows what is in their hands and what is behind them (i.e. an

idiom which means that He knows all of their deeds)
They cannot compass anything from His knowledge except what
He likes (to disclose).
His throne (control of universe) is more vast than the heavens and
the earth. Guarding of both of them (heavens & earth) does not
fatigues Him. He is the exalted, the supreme.
There is no persecution in the religion.
Verily, the true path has been made clearly distinctive from error.
Whoever renounces the forces of evil and believes in Allah, has

grasped the firm hand-hold which will never break.
And Allah hears all and knows all.
Allah is the protector of believers. He brings them out of darkness

and leads them into the light.
Evil forces are the guardians of those who do not believe. They
bring them out of the light and lead them into the darkness.
(As a result) they become the companions of the Hellfire. They
will live there forever.

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
Dear Reader!
Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun. For Build Your Personality
example, we use the words ‘he, she, it, they, I, Develop the love of Allah. Think about His
we’ instead of the name of a person. blessings upon us. Also develop the love of
Like English, in Arabic, we have three positions His prophets. Think about our moral
of a pronoun. Either we are talking about a condition that would have been without the
person, or talking with that person, or a person is prophets.
talking about himself.
They are called the third, second and first person in English grammar. In Arabic, they are called
kl@o Y U respectively. These cases have separate words for masculine and feminine
and for different number of people. The total number of pronouns should be 18 i.e. 3 x 3 x 2, but
thanks to Arabs, that they use only two pronouns for the first person kl@o.
Masculine and feminine does not necessarily mean human beings. If a non-living matter is
considered masculine or feminine, its pronoun will also be of the same gender. It is opposite to the
English language. We use the pronoun ‘it’ for non-living matter in the English. But in Arabic, we
use the masculine / feminine pronouns.
This is one of the most important topics in learning the Arabic language. We will conduct a lot of
exercises to clarify the concepts of pronouns. Look at the table on the next page.

What is the difference between “he, his, There are three possibilities to describe a
and him”? What is the difference noun: The person may be talking about himself
between “I, my and me”? (first person), talking about the audience
(second person) or talking about someone else
(third person).
Do you know?
The basic message of the Quran is to live a God-oriented life based on the ethical principals. We
are required to submit ourselves to Allah. The person who violates ethical principles does not live
a God-oriented life.
Worth Reading
Examining Others with Suspicion. Read this article at
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE02-0005-Examiningothers.htm

Lesson 5A: Pronouns

MZ ^Z 'V
Subjective Case Person Gender Number
He h n U o
They both (male) n U o

They all (male) n U o
She n U io
They both (female) n U io

They all (female) §tn U io
You (male) J
x Y o
You both (male) @x Y o

You all (male) @x Y o
You (a female) J
x Y io
You both (female) @x Y io

You all (female) §t@x Y io
I (male or female) x kl@o io| o
We (male or female) t
kl@o io| o

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
Test Yourself (1): Subjective Case

Complete the table. Frequently consult the table on the previous page.
English qV
He is a Muslim man. k R
o h n
Both of them are Muslim men.
All of them are Muslims men.
She is a Muslim woman.
Both of them are Muslim women.
All of them are Muslim women.
He is a Muslim man.
Both of them are Muslim men.
All of them are Muslim men.
She is a Muslim woman.
Both of them are Muslim women.
All of them are Muslim women.
I am a Muslim man.
We are Muslim men.
I am a Muslim woman.
We are Muslim women.

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
Test Yourself (2) : Subjective Case

Complete the table. Frequently consult the table on the previous pages.
English qV
He is a pious man. H
Z h n
Both of them are pious men.
All of them are pious men.
She is a pious woman.
Both of them are pious women.
All of them are pious women.
He is a pious man.
Both of them are pious men.
All of them are pious men.
She is a pious woman.
Both of them are pious women.
All of them are pious women.
I am a pious man.
We are pious men.
I am a pious woman.
We are pious women.

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
Test Yourself (3) : Subjective Case

English qV
He is a believer man. t o io h n
Both of them are believer men.
All of them are believer men.
She is a believer woman.
Both of them are believer women.
All of them are believer women.
He is a believer man.
Both of them are believer men.
All of them are believer men.
She is a believer woman.
Both of them are believer women.
All of them are believer women.
I am a believer man.
We are believer men.
I am a believer woman.
We are believer women.

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
Objective & possessive case of pronouns will be slightly different.

MZ
Possessive Objective Subjective Person
His 5 Him 5 He h n U o

Their
both
n Both of
them
n They
both
n U o

Their n Them n They n U o
Her n Her n She n U io

Their
both
n Both of
them
n They
both
n U io

Their §tn Them §tn They §tn U io
Your 2 You 2 You J

x Y o
Both
Yours
Both of
You
You
both
@x Y o

Your You all You all @x Y o
Your 2 You 2 You J

x Y io
Both
Yours
Both of
you
You
both
@x Y io

Your §t You all §t You all §t@x Y io
My ï ; Me ï ; I x kl@o
Our Us We t
kl@o

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
Test Yourself (4) : Possessive Case

English qV
His book s <@
Their book (two men)
Their book (3 or more men)
Her book
Their book (two women)
Their book (3 or more women)
Your book (a single man)
Your book (two men)
Your book (3 or more men)
Your book (a single woman)
Their book (two women)
Their book (3 or more women)
My book
Our book

Lesson 5A: Pronouns

English qV
His house s @<
Their house (two men)
Their house (3 or more men)
Her house
Their house (two women)
Their house (3 or more women)
Your house (a single man)
Your house (two men)
Your house (3 or more men)
Your house (a single woman)
Their house (two women)
Their house (3 or more women)
My house
Our house

Lesson 5A: Pronouns

English qV
His talk s o
Their talk (two men)
Their talk (3 or more men)
Her talk
Their talk (two women)
Their talk (3 or more women)
Your talk (a single man)
Your talk (two men)
Your talk (3 or more men)
Your talk (a single woman)
Their talk (two women)
Their talk (3 or more women)
My talk
Our talk

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
Test Yourself (7) : Objective Case

English qV
Said to him s T
Said to both of them (male)
Said to all of them (male)
Said to her
Said to both of them (female)
Said to all of them (female)
Said to you (a single man)
Said to both of you (male)
Said to all of you (male)
Said to you (a single female)
Said to both of you (female)
Said to all of you (female)
Said to me
Said to us

Lesson 5A: Pronouns

English qV
Helped him 5

Helped both of them (male)
Helped all of them (male)
Helped her
Helped both of them (female)
Helped all of them (female)
Helped you (a single man)
Helped both of you (male)
Helped all of you (male)
Helped you (a single female)
Helped both of you (female)
Helped all of you (female)
Helped me
Helped us

Lesson 5A: Pronouns

English qV
Listened him s N \
Listened both of them (male)
Listened all of them (male)
Listened her
Listened both of them (female)
Listened all of them (female)
Listened you (a single man)
Listened both of you (male)
Listened all of you (male)
Listened you (a single female)
Listened both of you (female)
Listened all of you (female)
Listened me
Listened us

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
Test Yourself (10) : Comprehensive

Fill in the blanks by putting the correct pronoun. Frequently consult the table on the previous pages.
English qV
_____ is the One Who has created for _____
whatever is in the earth.
-
· o l ] k E 6 © h n
The Satan tempted _________. 8 P §Q ©) C
So they used to learn (the art) from ______ 7 t < s < 8 hT¨L m o o 8 h©kN @
s )
by _____ they used to discord between a
husband and _____ wife.
You blessed upon _____, not those You were

angry upon ______.
k V &
hM U k V J
N x
They ask _____ about the intoxicants and the v T R
£
t V w
hCR
m

A Fy
gambling. Say, “In ______, there is a great
sin.
Verily, only ____ is the one Who accepts
repentance, the merciful.
§ &
§h§@ h n s §y
So there is no harm on ______ if they revoke
the divorce.
N @m 8 x k V "

And on the hereafter, _____ believe. 8 hT hm n z EÉ<
That is the fire _____ fuel is men and stones. z ¥
*
§ n' hT @© §
And for _____, there will be purified spouses
in _____.
) x
z¢ §P o #
And what is revealed before _____. w
k A T t o : S x o
Do you want to exchange ______ is superior
for ______ is inferior.
E h n 6 ©< ' x h n 6 © 8 h A @R
x
So there is no harm on _____, if one goes
around _______ (i.e. Safa & Marwah).
< 4
§h©Pm 8 x s k V "

They said, “Are you appointing a viceroy in
___, who will cause mischief in ___ R
L m t o v N ¥
x hT
(earth)?”

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
English qV
Verily, ______ are one perfect in knowledge
and wisdom.
l
kN J §y
x w
O Adam! Dwell ______ and ______ wife in
the garden.

§¥
w
) J
x t l \ 9 ' m
So pray _____ Lord for ______. w
§< 0
'
He said, “O Mary! From where did this came
for _____.
n w
§x m o m : T
And _____ is the truth testifying what is with
______.
N o T¨ h n
o ¬]
In ______ hearts, there is a disease. -
o <hkT
_____ throne is more vast than the heavens -
· %
h §R s ¬\ \
O L 5 ' hfm
and the earth and protection of ______ does
not fatigue ______.
Which the earth produces, such as ___ green- © T k K < t o -
· J A §o
k < \ V o h
herbs, ____ cucumbers, _____ garlic, ____
lentils and _____ onions.
Thus We made _____ fate an exemplary
punishment.
l nk N ¥

And ____ sing Your praises and glorify
____.
w
*
¨K 2
< H
ÄR t

Certainly, the guidance provided by Allah,
_____ is the true guidance.
; h n s ©k ;n ©8y
Allah has put a seal on _____ hearts, on N \ kV <hkT kV s ©k @E
_____ ears and on ______ eyes. n <x kV
O Mary! Surely Allah has exalted _____, 2 §X 2 LP Z s ©k ©8y m o m

N 7 R kV 2 LP Z
purified _____, and selected _____ (for His
service) over all the women of the world.
Remember when two parties from ____ s ©k QL 8 x l o 8 @L X J
§n ( y
¬
meditated cowardice, but Allah was the
protector for ______.

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
English qV
Certainly, Allah provides _____ with a good news H
R s \ s o
k l < 2 ¨QAm s ©k ©8y
m o t < RV
of a word from _____. _____ name will be
Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary.
O Lord! How can there be a son for _____. 8 hlm §x ¨&
He said, “_____ give life and cause death. J
ox x x : T
He leaves ____ alone in ____ trespasses, so they
wander to and fro like a blind person.
8 h N m M X n ¬ m
From ____, whoever will commit an open
indecency …..

Äo
Q
L< §tl o %
C m t o
_____ will live in _____ forever. 8 E n
And from ______, He spread countless men and
women.
7 R o ©<
Verily, _____ are the One who has knowledge of
the unseen.
&
hM 9 ©V J
x w
§y
_____ are Muslim women. %
kRo §t@x
_____ is the listener (everything) and
knowledgeable for everything.
kN §R h n
_____ are _____ attire and ____ are ____ attire. §t *
A @x l *
A §tn
_____ are a woman. ¡zxoy J
x
Beware! Surely _____ are those who cause
mischief.
8 R
L n §y x
And stay at _____ home. §tl h< 8 T
For each one of _____, 1/6 part (will be given as
inheritance).
*
¬R o ªvl
And do not conduct a sexual intercourse with 8 hL V @x §tn [ A
R
_____ while _____ stay (for 10 days in) the
Mosques.

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
English qV
And the divorced women must keep _______ 7 T
FF §t R
L C< t §< @m %
K©kP
waiting for three menstrual cycles. And it is
not lawful for _____ that they hide what ever
s ©k ] k E o t @l m 8 x §t v°
m
Allah has created in _____ wombs. §t o x
____ will not be stretching ____ hand
towards you (to slay you).
w
y 6 m a
\ A< x o
Surely, _____ are a test, so do not disbelieve. L l
¢ @ t
§y
O Adam! Inform _____ about _____ names. \ C< f Ax 9 ' m
_____ are submitting for Him. 8 hk R
o s t

And they did not harm ____, but they were
causing harm to ______.
8 hk O m R
L x h t l hk W o
Guide ____ towards the straight path. K@R ¨ n
.
_____ should help ______. §t
J
x
The disciples said, “_____ are the helpers for
Allah’s (cause).”
s ©k x t
8 h¬m h
: T
And the two from ____, who commit ____, < 8 D n (¤ l o C m 8 ©k
V hY V C k Z x
punish ______. So if they repent and
improve, then leave _____.
And ____ was not the one from those who
are rightly guided.
t m@ t o x o
So keep away from women during the b
7 R¨ hS @V
8 P m §@ §tn h< K
menstrual cycles and do not approach ____
until they are clean.
Verily, it is one of ____ tricks. Surely, ____

trick is mighty indeed.
OV §t ©8y §t t o s §y

Lesson 5A: Pronouns
English qV
And ____ am not the one from the
polytheists.
t o x o
Q
And ____ are not a follower of ____
direction for prayers.
@k A T <@< J
x o
And if you have a doubt about what We have
revealed on _____ slave
A V kV §S §o
m @ 8 y
Surely, _____ are the reformers. 8 hk §y
o t
This is the (food) which was given to ____
before.
v A T t o T ) 6 © n
Then come, I give ____ the wealth and let
____ go in an honorable way.

\ §tl ¨\ x §tl N ¨@o x t N@
O ____ Lord! Do not make ____ accountable
if we forget or commit a mistake.
C P E x x R 8 y E i §<
And do not place a burden on ____ as You kV s @k Zy k V v
k A T t o t m ©
have placed ____ on those who were before
____.
O ____ Lord! Do not place a burden on ____

for which there is no strength in ___ to bear.
s <
T X o k ¨
§<
And pardon ____, forgive ____, have mercy x L U §V ^
ho J V
t m l 9 h K kV

on ___, _____ are ____ Protector, so help
____ against the unbeliever group.
How can ____ be the king on _____? ¬] x t

k V w
k s 8 hlm §x
s o w
k <
Whereas ____ deserve more the power than
_____.
So ____ and ____ Lord go to fight them. K w

¬< J
x
n (
Thus, Allah promises the generous women x §tl o %
R
k §V x s ©k ©8D
among _____ the great reward. OV

Lesson 5B: Intentions, Begging & Praising Others

From this lesson, we shall start studying the Spend a percentage of your wealth in
Hadith of Prophet Muhammad k\ skV ² kZ. Allah’s way.
Translation
Translate the following sentences. The vocabulary is available here. You can read the vocabulary
and join the words to make sentences. We are not providing &Vy on repeated words to develop
your habit of reading without &Vy. Do not see the answers before attempting. Each sentence
carries five mark. After completing the exercise, see the answers.
Explanation Word Explanation Word

What he intended ;h o He described Hadith to us. F§
So whoever t He said. : T
Was J
He informed me. AE x
His migration s ¥ n That definitely he s §x
This world, worldly matters ' He listened from t V \
He finds it / he will find it. A m He says / he will say, he is
saying
: hKm
Woman (feminine of {oy) z xo I listened J
N \
He marries her / he will marry
her
l m Definitely only this §y
He migrated n Acts, deeds : V ·
The upper hand k N With intentions %
§¨<
Better, the best E For each ªvl
Lower kL R Man, person 7 ;o

Explanation Word Explanation Word

So he proceeded N Start! x<
Miqdad sV ² Y, one of oldest
companions
' K ~ With whom t <
So he bent ¥ Who belongs to your family : h N
His both knees s @A The charity
T §
He was 8 Back, after doing something W
Fat £ Y Rich U
He poured dust upon h m He avoids / will avoid
begging
^
L N @R m
His face s He protects / will protect him s ©LN m
Pebbles 7 A ® He dispenses with / will
dispense with
t M @R m
What happened to you? Íw
C[ o He satisfies / will satisfy him s M m
When (y The word `
L©k
You saw, (with (y it means
“when you see”)
@mx Both of them said T
People who praise, plural of "o
~ Verily that ©8x
So pour dust upon h A man

Their faces (plural of s) n h He made, he put v N
Dust &
¬@ He praises / will praise "
m

English qV
:: T 6 ®
F§
::T 8 L \ F§
::T 6· N \ t <

m F§
:¬ @ n <y t < §

o AE x
:: hKm ªk ,

T t <
K k V \ s §x
A ~ kV s V ²
Y
&
©P¯
t < V J
N \
::T
:: hKm k\ skV ² kZ ²
: h \ J
N \
;h o 7 ;o ªvl §y %§¨< : V · §y”
A
m ' y s ¥
n J
t
“.s y n o åy s ¥

l m z xo åy x
(1 h &@ ;=)

Describe in a paragraph what have you Subjective pronouns () are used as a separate
learnt during Level 1?
word while objective / possessive pronouns \ )
( are attached at the end of a word.

English qV
:vVçy t< \ho F§
:
n F§
Y 9 S t < l t V s<x t V 9Qn F§
:: T k\ skV ² kZ Ä tV sV ²
kL R
t o E k N ”
:h N t < x<
U W t V
T § E
² s L N m ^
L N @R
m t o
(1361 zhS &@ ;=) “.²

s M m t M @R
m t o
Do you know?
Arabic of 6th & 7th century is preserved in the Quran, the Hadith which are narrated to us in the
words of Prophet k\ s skV ² kZ and the poetry and speeches of the period before /after Islam.
Worth Reading
The Problem of Aurengzeb Alamgir regarding the educational system of his time. Read this
article at http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/English/PE05-0001-Aurengzeb.htm

English qV
`
L©k) §Q< t< § t < F
: T (§ t <
: L N t < F
t < 9 §n tV n<y tV ho tV
AN[ F
Õ$®
.8 V "
m v N
©8x

8 .s @A kV ¥
.' K ~ N
.£ Y
.7 A
®
s h
m v N ¥

²
: h\ ©8y ::K ÍwC[ o :8 V s : K
::T k\ skV ² kZ
."&
¬@ n h h ~ @mx (y"
(3002 ]T nS &@ kRo)

What’s Next?
In Level 1, you have learnt the Arabic script and the religious Arabic language used in routine life. At
next level, you will start learn Intermediate Arabic. Some highlights are as follows:
• Proper & Common Nouns

• Arabic Phrases
• Pointing Nouns
• Arabic Sentences
• Linking Pronouns
• Arabic Numbers
• Fractional & Adjective Numbers
• Prepositions, Conjunctions, Interrogations, Exclamations and Other Huroof
• Directions & Relations
In addition to that, you will also see some advanced passages from the Quran, the Hadith, some
speeches and writings of ancient scholars and more.
So continue Level 2 for learning the Intermediate Arabic.
Worth Reading
Personality Development Program. A series of articles at
http://www.mubashirnazir.org/PD/Personalityenglish.htm

Bibliography
Following sources are consulted during preparation of this book:

<N
Mk kN m 8K
zh
m<
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Mk kN m l 8 K
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Xi
AV R nP @£o h@' 8)hL 6= 9oñ H o¥
v ]£
kRo 9oñ H§ o ¥
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§< N
M k *
'

o t< R 6 o '' qx t\
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<N &'· h 4 kV
ähR ^\hm t< &
N n) x nL tm h 3A\x
h@ < N ¨c§ 7 hY
§< N
U A
\ ' 8E t ^P oò qV 8\
*PN x t< ²AV 8E @RAV 6hho kNo qV
skV ² kZ :h\§ P E
oVÀ h¥
6Rox t §AV ` 4§ &
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J<F kV t< N\ k\ NR ^Pk AV
PRA~
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Mk VhT
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h<x &
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o h@' V @£o x h@' \\· h
6
\ h@' 8n) * LPo
Jx t AV h@
<§ z to hZ
^PkAV
[< tox LPo 9¥ kV HYh h
nU *hoT [ x R
§< N
M k
\\· V hK
lAk N < h@ 6Skly <V *hoT ' h
UA kV
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oA £Z
Q *hoK tox LPo 9¥ kV
Y
h
U A
6<S R o R *N # R mA 8 A N
UA nh
[ x
ï¥k
UA \x

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Quranic Arabic

At end of this level, you will be able to understand the

Lesson 7: Double Letters (Tashdeed) 45

Lesson 8: Read Sentences 52

Lesson 9: Start Writing Arabic 63

Lesson 10: Practice Yourself 64

Level 1: Learn the Basic Arabic Language 65

Lesson 1A: Parts of Speech 66

Lesson 1B: Basic Hymns 70

Lesson 2A: Gender      75

Lesson 2B: The Prayer 80

Lesson 3A: Case 

Lesson 3B: What is Piety? 92

Lesson 4A: Number 

Lesson 4B: Allah, There is no god except Him! 105

Lesson 5A: Pronouns  113

Lesson 5B: Intentions, Begging & Praising Others 130

What’s next? 135

Quranic Arabic Program 2 Level 01

Face the Challenge! Worth Reading

Quranic Arabic Program 3 Level 01

Ask Your Questions

Quranic Arabic Program 4 Level 01

Set-up Your Resources

Quranic Arabic Program 5 Level 01

Level 0: Learn the Arabic Script

At end of this level, you will be able to read the

Quranic Arabic Program 6 Level 01

All languages consist of alphabets. Each alphabet

Letter Name Description

 Alif Its sound is like ‘A’ as in ‘CAR’.

Face the Challenge! Face the Challenge!

Quranic Arabic Program 7 Level 01

Letter Name Description

 Ra Equivalent to ‘R’ as in ‘ROAD’. It has no dot.

* Seen Equivalent to ‘S’ as in ‘SAY’. It has no dot.

Rule of the Day

Face the Challenge!

Quranic Arabic Program 8 Level 01

Letter Name Description

2 Kaaf Equivalent to ‘K’ as in ‘KICK’.

Face the Challenge!

Quranic Arabic Program 9 Level 01

Letter Name Description

: Laam Equivalent to ‘L’ as in ‘LONG’.

9 Meem Equivalent to ‘M’ as in ‘MORNING’.

8 Noon Equivalent to ‘N’ as in ‘NICE’.

5 Ha Equivalent to ‘H’ as in ‘HOLIDAY’.

 Waow Equivalent to ‘W’ as in ‘WINDOW’.

6 Ya Equivalent to ‘Y’ as in ‘York’.

Face the Challenge!

Quranic Arabic Program 10 Level 01

Letter Name Letter Name Letter Name Letter Name

Quranic Arabic Program 11 Level 01

Letter Name Letter Name Letter Name Letter Name

Quranic Arabic Program 12 Level 01

Lesson 2A: Gender 75

Lesson 3A: Case

Lesson 4A: Number

Lesson 5A: Pronouns 113

Alif Its sound is like ‘A’ as in ‘CAR’.

Ra Equivalent to ‘R’ as in ‘ROAD’. It has no dot.

Waow Equivalent to ‘W’ as in ‘WINDOW’.

| C< | < &C< | &<

< &< &

• which can carry a small 7 as x or y

vN ‫ة‬L\ '& <

k\ ]' s {

N< mT (Lo

Roo | ‘ Ree 6 | | Raa |

Moo ho | 9 Mee o | 9 | Maa o | 9 9

With ; With Letter

With ; With Letter

6 7 5 8 9 2 3 4 1 0 ! " & Qamari

No tasheed No tasheed No tasheed