SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Figure 4.1
Using Figure 4.1, match the following:
1) Supports and protects; stores calcium.

1)

2) Forms tendons and ligaments.

2)

3) Supports and protects; insulates against heat loss; reserve source of fuel.

3)

4) Provides tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock.

4)

5) Composed of cells in a fluid matrix.

5)

Figure 4.2
Using Figure 4.2, match the following:
6) Simple cuboidal epithelium.

6)

7) Cardiac muscle.

7)

8) Simple squamous epithelium.

8)

9) Stratified squamous epithelium.

9)

10) Skeletal muscle.

10)

MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following:
11) The epithelial membrane that lines the
closed ventral cavities of the body.

A) Endothelium

11)

B) Mucous membrane
12) The epithelial membrane that lines
body cavities open to the exterior.
13) Consists of keratinized stratified
squamous epithelium.

12)
C) Cutaneous membrane
D) Serous membrane

14) Found lining the digestive and

respiratory tracts.

14)

15) Makes up the pleura and pericardium.

15)

16) Lines blood vessels and the heart.

Match the following:
17) Structural support of the external ear
and other structures that need support
with flexibility.
18) Forms much of the fetal skeleton and
covers the articular surfaces of long
bones.

13)

16)

A) Reticular tissue

17)

B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Mesenchyme

18)

D) Elastic cartilage

19) Embryonic connective tissue that

arises from mesoderm and produces
all types of connective tissues.

19)

20) Source of new cells in mature

connective tissue.

20)

21) Forms internal supporting framework

of soft organs such as the spleen.

21)

Match the regeneration capacity of the following tissues:

22) Smooth muscle.

A) Weak regenerative ability

23) Skeletal muscle.

B) Moderate regenerative ability

24) Cardiac muscle.

C) Regenerates extremely well

25) Areolar connective tissue.

D) Moderate regenerative ability.

26) Tendons and ligaments.

E) Virtually no functional regenerative ability

22)
23)
24)
25)
26)

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
27) The shock-absorbing pads between the vertebrae are formed of fibrocartilage.

27)

28) Brown fat is frequently deposited between the shoulder blades of infants.

28)

29) Achilles was wounded by damage to the tendon connecting his calf muscles to his heel. This and all
tendons are composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue.

29)

30) Macrophages are found in areolar and lymphatic tissues.

30)

31) Goblet cells are found with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.

31)

32) Epithelial tissues always exhibit polarity; that is, they have a free surface and a basal surface.

32)

33) Simple cuboidal epithelia are usually associated with secretion and absorption.

33)

34) Depending on the functional state of the bladder, transitional epithelium may resemble stratified
squamous or stratified cuboidal epithelium.

34)

35) Stratified cuboidal epithelium is moderately rare in the body and found only in the pharynx,
larynx, and anorectal junction.

35)

36) Endothelium covers and lines internal cavities such as the pleural and peritoneal cavities.

36)

37) Merocrine glands produce their secretions by accumulating their secretions internally and then
rupturing the cell.

37)

38) Salivary glands exhibit simple tubuloalveolar glandular arrangement.

38)

39) Connective tissues that possess a large quantity of collagen fibers often provide the framework for
organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.

39)

40) The basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount
of elastic fibers and adipose cells present.

40)

41) A major characteristic of fibrocartilage is its unique amount of flexibility and elasticity.

41)

42) Cartilage tissue tends to heal less rapidly than bone tissue.

42)

43) Intercalated discs and striations are found in skeletal muscle.

43)

44) Smooth muscle cells possess central nuclei but lack striations.

44)

45) Most connective tissues have regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not.

45)

46) Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature.

46)

47) Functions of connective tissues include binding, support, insulation, and protection.

47)

48) Sweat glands are apocrine glands.

48)

49) Endocrine glands are often called ducted glands.

49)

50) Blood is considered a type of connective tissue.

50)

51) Nervous tissue consists mainly of neurons and collagen fibers.

51)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
52) Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is in bone?
A) live cells
B) lacunae
C) organic fibers

52)
D) blood vessels

53) The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength to absorb shock is
because they possess ________.
A) hydroxyapatite crystals
B) reticular fibers
C) elastic fibers
D) collagen fibers

53)

54) What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?
A) osseous tissue
B) cartilage tissue
C) areolar tissue
D) fibrocartilaginous tissue

54)

55) How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic or fibrocartilage?

A) It is more vascularized.
B) It has more elastic fibers.
C) It contains more nuclei.
D) Fibers are not normally visible.

55)

56) Epithelial tissue ________.

A) is highly vascularized
C) has a basement membrane

56)
B) is usually acellular
D) contains a number of neuron types

57) Which of the following would be of most importance to goblet cells and other glandular
epithelium?
A) microvilli
B) lysosomes
C) multiple nuclei
D) Golgi bodies

57)

58) Mammary glands exhibit a glandular type called ________.

A) compound alveolar
B) simple tubular
C) compound tubular
D) simple alveolar

58)

59) What feature characterizes simple columnar epithelium of the digestive tract?
A) cilia
B) a rich vascular supply
C) dense microvilli
D) fibroblasts

59)

60) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium ________.

A) possesses no goblet cells
B) lines the respiratory tract
C) is not an epithelial classification
D) aids in digestion

60)

61) Which of the following is a single-celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of serous
membranes?
A) simple transitional
B) simple squamous
C) simple cuboidal
D) simple columnar

61)

62) Which statement best describes connective tissue?

A) usually contains a large amount of matrix
C) always arranged in a single layer of cells

62)
B) primarily concerned with secretion
D) usually lines a body cavity

63) Matrix is composed of ________.

A) cells and fibers
C) ground substance and cells

B) all organic compounds

D) fibers and ground substance

63)

64) Cell types likely to be seen in areolar connective tissue include all except ________.
A) mast cells
B) fibroblasts
C) chondrocytes
D) macrophages

64)

65) Which tissue type arises from all three embryonic germ layers?
A) connective tissue
B) epithelial tissue
C) muscle tissue
D) nervous tissue

65)

66) The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ________.
A) reticular
B) collagen
C) muscle

66)
D) elastic

67) Organized groups of cells (plus their intercellular substances) that have a common purpose form
a(n) ________.
A) organism
B) organ
C) organ system
D) tissue

67)

68) The shape of the external ear is maintained by ________.

A) adipose tissue
B) elastic cartilage
C) fibrocartilage
D) hyaline cartilage

68)

69) Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which tissue?
A) stratified squamous
B) simple columnar
C) simple squamous
D) transitional

69)

70) Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through
ducts are classified as ________.
A) exocrine
B) endocrine
C) ceruminous
D) sebaceous

70)

71) Which of the following is true about epithelia?

A) Endothelium provides a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs.
B) Stratified epithelia are associated with filtration.
C) Pseudostratified epithelia are commonly keratinized.
D) Simple epithelia are commonly found in areas of high abrasion.

71)

72) Chondroblasts ________.

A) are mature cartilage cells located in spaces called lacunae
B) located deep to the perichondrium divide and secrete new matrix on the internal portions of
the cartilage
C) within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix
D) never lose their ability to divide

72)

73) ________ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with
the basement membrane.
A) Stratified cuboidal
B) Transitional
C) Stratified columnar
D) Pseudostratified columnar

73)

74) A multilayered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified
as ________.
A) simple cuboidal
B) transitional
C) stratified squamous
D) simple squamous

74)

75) An epithelial membrane ________.

A) is formed of epithelium and smooth muscle
B) contains simple or stratified epithelia and a basement membrane
C) usually involves transitional epithelium
D) never contains mucus-forming cells

75)

76) Multicellular exocrine glands can be classified ________.

A) structurally into vascular and avascular types
B) functionally into merocrine, holocrine, and apocrine divisions
C) functionally into secreting or nonsecreting types
D) structurally into alveolar and acinar types

76)

77) Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands?
A) These glands are ductless.
B) Holocrine cells are slightly damaged by the secretory process, but repair themselves.
C) Merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process.
D) Apocrine cells are destroyed, then replaced, after secretion.

77)

78) Which of these is not considered connective tissue?

A) adipose
B) muscle

78)
C) blood

79) What are glycosaminoglycans?

A) negatively charged proteins
C) negatively charged polysaccharides

B) positively charged polysaccharides

D) positively charged proteins

D) cartilage
79)

80) Which is true concerning muscle tissue?

A) cuboidal shape enhances function
B) highly cellular and well vascularized
C) contains contractile units made of collagen
D) is a single-celled tissue

80)

81) The first step in tissue repair involves ________.

A) replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells
B) inflammation
C) formation of scar tissue
D) proliferation of fibrous connective tissue

81)

82) Select the correct statement regarding multicellular exocrine glands.

A) Exocrine glands always lack ducts.
B) The secretory cells of holocrine glands release their product by rupturing.
C) Merocrine glands release their secretion by pinching off part of the cell.
D) Compound glands are so called because they are constructed from more than one cell type.

82)

83) What are the three main components of connective tissue?

A) collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers
B) alveoli, fibrous capsule, and secretory cells
C) fibroblasts, chondroblasts, and osteoblasts
D) ground substance, fibers, and cells

83)

84) Which of the following statements is true of connective tissue?

A) Collagen fibers provide high tensile strength.
B) When connective tissue is stretched, collagen gives it the ability to snap back.
C) Reticular fibers form thick, ropelike structures.
D) Elastin fibers are sometimes called white fibers.

84)

85) Select the correct statement regarding the cells of connective tissue.
A) Connective tissue cells are nondividing.
B) Chondroblasts are the main cell type of connective tissue proper.
C) Connective tissue does not contain cells.
D) "Blast" cells are undifferentiated, actively dividing cells.

85)

86) Select the correct statement regarding tissue repair.

A) The clot is formed from dried blood and transposed collagen fibers.
B) Granulation tissue is another name for a blood clot.
C) Granulation tissue is highly susceptible to infection.
D) Inflammation causes capillaries to dilate and become permeable.

86)

87) Select the correct statement regarding epithelia.

A) Stratified epithelia are present where protection from abrasion is important.
B) Pseudostratified epithelia consist of at least two layers of cells stacked on top of one another.
C) Stratified epithelia are tall, narrow cells.
D) Simple epithelia form impermeable barriers.

87)

88) Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue.

A) Most of the cell volume is occupied by the nucleus.
B) It is composed mostly of extracellular matrix.
C) Its primary function is nutrient storage.
D) Mature adipose cells are highly mitotic.

88)

89) Which cells are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells?
A) goblet cells
B) macrophages
C) mast cells
D) cilia

89)

90) Select the correct statement regarding factors that affect the tissue repair process.
A) The type of tissue injured is not an important factor.
B) The age of the person is a factor in the repair process.
C) The health of an individual does not seem to make any difference in the speed of repair.
D) Nutrition does not seem to influence tissue repair.

90)

91) In adults, new surface epithelial cells and the epithelial cells lining the intestine are derived from
_________.
A) components of the connective tissue
B) stem cells
C) underlying epithelial cells
D) mitotic division of existing epithelial cells

91)

92) Mesenchymal cells are most commonly found in ________ connective tissue.
A) reticular
B) dense regular
C) embryonic

92)
D) areolar

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
93) ________ tissue forms the framework for the lamina propria of mucous membranes.

93)

94) Cardiac muscle tissue is single nucleated, has intercalated discs, and is ________.

94)

95) ________ muscle cells are multinucleated.

95)

96) ________ live in the lacunae of cartilage.

96)

97) The uppermost layer of skin is composed of ________.

97)

98) Kidney tubules are composed of ________ epithelium.

98)

99) Multiple rows of cells covering a tissue in which the cells are the same shape from the
basement membrane to the surfaces would be ________ epithelia.

99)

100) All epithelial tissue rests upon a(n) ________ composed of connective tissue.

100)

101) The salivary glands are a good example of a(n) ________ exocrine gland.

101)

102) What distinguishes cancer cells from the cells of benign neoplasms?

102)

103) Macrophage-like cells are found in many different tissues, and may have specific names
that reflect their location or specializations. What is the one functional characteristic
common to all macrophage-like cells?

103)

104) All of the following statements refer to events of tissue repair. Put the events in proper
numbered order according to the sequence of occurrence. The initial event, the injury, is
already indicated as number one.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

104)

The skin receives a cut that penetrates into the dermis and bleeding begins.
Epithelial regeneration is nearly complete.
Granulation tissue is formed.
Blood clotting occurs and stops the blood flow.
The scar retracts.
Macrophages engulf and clean away cellular debris.
Fibroblasts elaborate connective tissue fibers to span the break.

105) Since mature adipocytes do not divide, how can adults gain weight?

105)

106) Tendon tears or breaks are difficult to repair both physiologically and surgically. Why?

106)

107) How is epithelial tissue the opposite of connective tissue?

107)

108) What is a simple method of telling the difference between stratified squamous epithelium
and transitional epithelium?

108)

109) How is blood unique among connective tissues?

109)

110) What are the primary germ layers during embryonic development and what do they
ultimately produce?

110)

111) Explain what is meant by epithelial tissue being avascular but innervated.

111)

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
112) A 45-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for surgical removal of a tumor on her thyroid gland. The
surgeon informs her that she will have only a very small scar. How could this be possible?
113) John, a 72-year-old grandfather, had been smoking heavily for 24 years and had a persistent cough. A biopsy of
his lung tissue revealed considerable amounts of carbon particles. How could this happen considering the
natural cleaning mechanism of the respiratory system?
114) Aunt Jessie woke up one morning with excruciating pain in her chest. She had trouble breathing for several
weeks. Following a visit to the doctor, she was told she had pleurisy. What is this condition and what did it
affect?
115) In adult humans, most cancers are carcinomas or adenocarcinomas. These include cancers of the skin, lung,
colon, breast, and prostate. Which of the four basic tissue types is involved? Why do you think this is so?
116) Explain why an open wound would need a bed of granulation tissue for wound healing to occur.
117) Without macrophages, wound healing is delayed. Why?

10

118) A 6-year-old child fell off his bike and scraped his knee. Describe the first stage of wound healing.
119) Explain why an infection may occur in a tissue injury.
120) Describe local clinical signs and symptoms of the inflammatory stage of wound healing.
121) A 19-year-old model for Glamour magazine tripped over an extension cord, causing injury to her epidermis.
She is afraid the injury will leave a scar. Based on your knowledge of regeneration, what would you say to this
patient?

11

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

1) D
ID: hap8 4.1-1
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

2) B
ID: hap8 4.1-2
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 129

3) A
ID: hap8 4.1-3
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 128

4) C
ID: hap8 4.1-4
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 132

5) E
ID: hap8 4.1-5
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 135

6) B
ID: hap8 4.1-6
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 118; Fig. 4.3b

7) C
ID: hap8 4.1-7
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 137; Fig. 4.10b

8) A
ID: hap8 4.1-8
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117; Fig. 4.3a

9) D
ID: hap8 4.1-9
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 120; Fig. 4.3e

10) E
ID: hap8 4.1-10
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 136; Fig. 4.10a

11) D
ID: hap8 4.1-11
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138

12) B
ID: hap8 4.1-12
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138

13) C
ID: hap8 4.1-13
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138

14) B
ID: hap8 4.1-14
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138

15) D
ID: hap8 4.1-15
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138

16) A
ID: hap8 4.1-16
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117

12

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

17) D
ID: hap8 4.1-17
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 132; Fig. 4.8h

18) B
ID: hap8 4.1-18
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 131; Fig. 4.8g

19) C
ID: hap8 4.1-19
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

20) C
ID: hap8 4.1-20
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

21) A
ID: hap8 4.1-21
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 128; Fig. 4.8c

22) D
ID: hap8 4.1-22
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 141

23) A
ID: hap8 4.1-23
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 141

24) E
ID: hap8 4.1-24
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 141

25) C
ID: hap8 4.1-25
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 141

26) B
ID: hap8 4.1-26
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 141

27) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-1
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

28) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-2
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 127

29) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-3
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 129

30) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-4
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

31) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-5
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 119

32) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-6
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 115

13

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

33) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-7
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117

34) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-8
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 121

35) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-9
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 119

36) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-10
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138

37) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-11
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 122

38) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-12
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 123; Fig. 4.6

39) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-13
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 129

40) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-14
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 129

41) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-15
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

42) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-16
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 131

43) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-17
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 136

44) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-18
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 136

45) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-19
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 116

46) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-20
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 116

47) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-21
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 124

48) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-22
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 121

14

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

49) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-23
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 121

50) TRUE
ID: hap8 4.2-24
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

51) FALSE
ID: hap8 4.2-25
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 134, 136

52) D
ID: hap8 4.3-1
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

53) D
ID: hap8 4.3-2
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

54) A
ID: hap8 4.3-3
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

55) D
ID: hap8 4.3-4
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 131

56) C
ID: hap8 4.3-5
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 116

57) D
ID: hap8 4.3-6
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 121; Fig. 4.4

58) A
ID: hap8 4.3-7
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 123; Fig 4.5

59) C
ID: hap8 4.3-8
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117-118

60) B
ID: hap8 4.3-9
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 119

61) B
ID: hap8 4.3-10
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117

62) A
ID: hap8 4.3-11
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 124

63) D
ID: hap8 4.3-12
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 124

64) C
ID: hap8 4.3-13
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

15

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

65) B
ID: hap8 4.3-14
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 115

66) B
ID: hap8 4.3-15
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

67) D
ID: hap8 4.3-16
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 114

68) B
ID: hap8 4.3-17
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

69) B
ID: hap8 4.3-18
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117-118

70) B
ID: hap8 4.3-19
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 121

71) A
ID: hap8 4.3-20
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117

72) C
ID: hap8 4.3-21
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 131

73) D
ID: hap8 4.3-22
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 119

74) C
ID: hap8 4.3-23
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 119

75) B
ID: hap8 4.3-24
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 116

76) B
ID: hap8 4.3-25
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 121-122

77) C
ID: hap8 4.3-26
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 122

78) B
ID: hap8 4.3-27
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 124

79) C
ID: hap8 4.3-28
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 124

80) B
ID: hap8 4.3-29
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 136

16

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

81) B
ID: hap8 4.3-30
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138-139

82) B
ID: hap8 4.3-31
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 121-122

83) D
ID: hap8 4.3-32
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 124-125

84) A
ID: hap8 4.3-33
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 125

85) D
ID: hap8 4.3-34
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 125-126

86) D
ID: hap8 4.3-35
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138-139

87) A
ID: hap8 4.3-36
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 116

88) C
ID: hap8 4.3-37
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 127

89) A
ID: hap8 4.3-38
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117

90) B
ID: hap8 4.3-39
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138-141

91) B
ID: hap8 4.3-40
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 144

92) C
ID: hap8 4.3-41
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

93) Areolar or loose connective

ID: hap8 4.4-1
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

94) branched
ID: hap8 4.4-2
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 136

95) Skeletal
ID: hap8 4.4-3
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 136

96) Chondrocytes
ID: hap8 4.4-4
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 131

17

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

97) keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

ID: hap8 4.4-5
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 119

98) simple cuboidal

ID: hap8 4.4-6
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 117

99) transitional
ID: hap8 4.4-7
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 121

100) basement membrane

ID: hap8 4.4-8
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 115-116

101) compound tubuloalveolar

ID: hap8 4.4-9
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 123; Fig. 4.5

102) metastasis and invasiveness

ID: hap8 4.4-10
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 142

103) phagocytosis
ID: hap8 4.4-11
Diff: 1
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

104) 1-4-3-7-6-5-2
ID: hap8 4.4-12
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138-140

105) Adipocytes contain a fat-filled vacuole that can fill or empty, causing the cell to gain or lose volume.
ID: hap8 4.4-13
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 127

106) Tendons are composed of dense regular connective tissue, which consists of densely packed, parallel connective tissue
fibers. This type of tissue has relatively few cells and vascular supply is poor; consequently, repair is slow. Because of
the structure of the tissue, surgical repair can be compared to attempting to suture two bristle brushes together.
ID: hap8 4.4-14
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 129

107) In epithelial tissue the cells are packed together very tightly. Epithelial tissue is avascular. Epithelial tissue has three
cell types that cover or line things and make tubes. Epithelial tissue has no fibers and it tends to be polar. Connective
tissue has cells spaced far apart and is highly vascular (except cartilage). The cells of connective tissue vary greatly in
shape and size. Connective tissue glues other tissues together and has three fiber types. Connective tissue tends to be
nonpolar. Connective tissue has a large amount of ground substance; epithelial tissue does not.
ID: hap8 4.4-15
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 115-116, 124

108) Stratified squamous epithelium changes cell shape from the basement membrane to the surface. At the basement
membrane the cells tend to be columnar or cuboidal and flatten out as they work their way to the surface. Transitional
epithelium has cells that are pretty much the same shape from the basement membrane to the surface. The surface
cells are generally the largest cells. The cells change their shape according to the pressure applied.
ID: hap8 4.4-16
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 119, 121

109) Blood does not give mechanical support, its matrix is fluid, the cells are loose, the fibers are soluble, it carries nutrients,
waste products, and other substances, and it attaches to several gasses.
ID: hap8 4.4-17
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 133

18

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

110) The ectoderm produces skin, the nervous system, and all tubes opening to the outside. The mesoderm produces
muscles and connective tissue. The endoderm produces all internal organs.
ID: hap8 4.4-18
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 141; Fig. 4.13

111) Epithelial tissue contains no blood vessels but is supplied by nerve fibers.
ID: hap8 4.4-19
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 116

112) By making a thin incision, the amount of granulation (scar-forming) tissue will be minimal. As the scar tissue beneath
matures and contracts, the layer of epithelium thickens and resembles the adjacent tissue. The final result may be only
a fine white line.
ID: hap8 4.5-1
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138-140

113) The sweeping action of the ciliated epithelium is essential in order to propel inhaled dust and other debris out of the
respiratory tract. Anything that inhibits this mechanism would allow foreign substances to remain in the tract, which
may cause damage. Chemicals such as nicotine may inhibit the action of the cilia, allowing carbon particles found in
smoke to remain in the lungs.
ID: hap8 4.5-2
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 115

114) Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleura, the serosal membranes covering the lungs and lining the thoracic wall. Pain
is caused by the irritation and friction as the lungs rub against the walls of the cavity.
ID: hap8 4.5-3
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138

115) Epithelium gives rise to most cancers. This is probably because epithelial cells divide more, leading to more
opportunity for damage to growth control mechanisms, and because epithelia are more often in contact with
environmental insults such as ultraviolet radiation and carcinogens.
ID: hap8 4.5-4
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 142-143

116) Granulation tissue contains capillaries that grow in nearby areas and lay down a new capillary bed. This means the
wound bed has a meshwork of capillaries that provide oxygen-rich blood to the wound for healing.
ID: hap8 4.5-5
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138-140

117) Macrophages are large, irregularly shaped cells that act as key defenders that avidly phagocytize a broad variety of
foreign materials, ranging from foreign molecules to entire bacteria to dust particles. This "big eater" also disposes of
dead tissue cells, which helps to clean out the wound, allowing for granulation tissue to form.
ID: hap8 4.5-6
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 126

118) The first stage is the inflammatory stage, characterized by hemostasis (cessation of bleeding) and formation of blood
clots and phagocytosis by leukocytes and macrophages.
ID: hap8 4.5-7
Diff: 3
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138-139

119) The skin is the largest organ in the body and protects underlying tissues from injury by preventing the passage of
microorganisms. The skin and the mucous membranes are considered the body's first line of defense.
ID: hap8 4.5-8
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138

120) Pain, swelling, redness, and heat.

ID: hap8 4.5-9
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 138-139

19

Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED5

121) Regeneration is the replacement of destroyed tissue cells by cells that are identical or similar in structure and function.
Scaring would be minimal, if there are no complications such as infection.
ID: hap8 4.5-10
Diff: 2
Points: 1

Page Ref: 141

20