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    Strap or Cantilever Footings Example

    Uploaded by

    h
    This document designs strap footings to support two columns based on given load and soil data. For the first footing, a trial design is conducted and punching shear, wide beam shear, and moment capacity checks are performed. The footing dimensions are 2.5m x 4.45m with 0.55m thickness. 18 top and 27 bottom bars are designed. For the second footing, a similar process results in dimensions of 2.0m x 4.4m with 0.45m thickness. Punching shear, wide beam shear, and moment capacity are verified to be adequate.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Strap or Cantilever Footings Example

    Uploaded by

    h
    268 views14 pages
    This document designs strap footings to support two columns based on given load and soil data. For the first footing, a trial design is conducted and punching shear, wide beam shear, and moment capacity checks are performed. The footing dimensions are 2.5m x 4.45m with 0.55m thickness. 18 top and 27 bottom bars are designed. For the second footing, a similar process results in dimensions of 2.0m x 4.4m with 0.45m thickness. Punching shear, wide beam shear, and moment capacity are verified to be adequate.

    Original Description:

    cantillever footing example

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document designs strap footings to support two columns based on given load and soil data. For the first footing, a trial design is conducted and punching shear, wide beam shear, and moment capacity checks are performed. The footing dimensions are 2.5m x 4.45m with 0.55m thickness. 18 top and 27 bottom bars are designed. For the second footing, a similar process results in dimensions of 2.0m x 4.4m with 0.45m thickness. Punching shear, wide beam shear, and moment capacity are verified to be adequate.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    268 views14 pages

    Strap or Cantilever Footings Example

    Uploaded by

    h
    This document designs strap footings to support two columns based on given load and soil data. For the first footing, a trial design is conducted and punching shear, wide beam shear, and moment capacity checks are performed. The footing dimensions are 2.5m x 4.45m with 0.55m thickness. 18 top and 27 bottom bars are designed. For the second footing, a similar process results in dimensions of 2.0m x 4.4m with 0.45m thickness. Punching shear, wide beam shear, and moment capacity are verified to be adequate.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Strap or Cantilever Footings Example

    Given

    Column 1 size 30x 40 ,

    Reinf. 420

    Column 2 size 30x 40cm,

    Reinf. 420

    Ultimate soil bearing pressure, qult = 100kPa

    fyk = 300MPa fyd = 300/1.15 = 260.87 MPa

    C25 fck= 20MPafctk = 1.5 MPa,

    Required:- Design a strap foundation for the given loads shown in Fig. below.

    4
    30
    1
    90 c
    0c m
    0ma
    k 1

    1N
    5 ae R u
    c / 1 lt
    m2

    6 W
    0 S
    0c
    m
    X

    X
    S

    34 2
    00
    10
    a80
    kN
    2
    R
    u

    lt

    SOLUTION

    Proportioning of footing

    Trial 1

    Assume a1 = 3.00m
    Then e = (3.00/2)- 0.15 = 1.35m
    XR = 6.00-e = 6.00- 1.35 = 4.65m

    Neglecting the weight of the strap, the soil reaction R 1 will be determined by taking moment
    about R2.
    4.65*R1 = 6.00*900 R1 = 1161.30kN
    b1 = R1/(a1 ult) = 1161.30 /( 3*100) =3.87, use b1 = 3.90m
    Hence dimension of footing 1

    3.00 x 3.90m

    Now for the second footing

    R2 = P1 +P2 R1 = 900+1080 -1161.30=818.70kN


    Area of footing = R2/ ult = 818.70/ 100 = 8.19m2
    Take a1 =a2 =3.00m
    b2 = 8.19/3 =2.73, use b2 = 2.75m
    Dimension of footing 2

    3.00 X2.75m

    q1 = R1/a1 = 1161.30/3.00 = 387.1kN/m


    q2= R2/a2 = 818.7 /3.00 = 272.90kN/m
    Since the distribution per meter run under the pad is different for each pad, a second trial
    should be made

    Trial 2

    Take a1 = 2.50m
    Then e = (2.50/2)- 0.15 = 1.10m
    XR = 6.00-e = 6.00- 1.1. = 4.90m
    4.90*R1 = 6.00*900 R1 = 1102.04kN
    b1 = R1/(a1 ult) = 1102.04 /( 2.50*100) =4.41, use b1 = 4.45m
    Dimension of footing 1

    2.50 x 4.45m

    R2 = P1 +P2 R1 = 900+1080 -1102.04=877.96kN


    Area of footing = R2/ ult = 877.96/ 100 = 8.78m2
    Take a2 =2.00m ( or use R1/a1 = R2/a2 to determine a2)
    b2 = 8.78/2.00 =4.39, use b2 = 4.40m
    Dimension of footing 2

    2.00 X4.40m

    q1 = R1/a1 = 1102.04/2.50 = 440.82kN/m


    q2= R2/a2 = 877.96 /2.00 = 438.98kN/m
    2

    The difference between stress distributions is a small amount. Hence the final proportions of
    the footings as shown below would be acceptable.

    2
    5
    4 04
    4 30
    6
    5 90 c
    c
    0 m
    0
    0m
    0c
    q1 = m
    k
    2
    2
    N
    440.82
    5
    6
    kN/m
    0
    5

    2
    0
    4
    0
    34 4
    00 0
    10
    80
    kN
    2
    0
    0

    6
    0
    10
    0
    80
    c
    k
    q1 = m q =
    N
    2 2
    2
    440.82 6 438.9
    5
    2 64
    20kN/m 5 8kN/m 0. 1.
    0
    0
    2.
    15
    0 03
    6 05
    + k
    6.
    0. k
    d N
    1
    15 N
    43
    2
    +
    8.
    83
    kd
    98
    3.
    N783
    k
    88
    .74 73
    202 N
    k kN- 7.4
    .01
    Nm 4k
    B
    kNNM
    4.
    m
    m
    D
    96
    k
    Nmof the footings
    Thickness

    Punching shear

    0.4 +3d

    9
    0
    0
    k
    N

    Footing 1

    Take d= 0.40m and = min = 0.50/fyk = 0.50 /300 = 0.0017


    k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085,

    k2 = 1.6 d =1.6 -0.4 = 1.20

    u1 = Pr1 =0.90+0.90+1.60 =3.40m

    Net shear force developed under column 1


    Vd= 900 -*(0.90*1.60), =R1/a1*b1= 99.06kPa
    Vd= 900 -99.06*(0.90*1.60) =757.35kN

    Punching shear resistance under column 1


    Vup = 0.25fctd k1k2ud

    (MN)

    Vup = 0.25 *1000* 1.085*1.20*3.40*0.40

    =442.68kN < V d .. Not OK!

    Since the developed shear force is greater than the punching shear resistance, one may
    increase the depth
    Take d= 0.55m and = min = 0.50/fyk = 0.50 /300 = 0.0017
    k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085,

    k2 = 1.6 d =1.6 -0.55 = 1.05

    u1 = Pr1 =1.125+1.125+2.05=4.30m

    Net shear force developed under column 1


    Vd= 900 - 99.06 *(1.125*2.05) =671.54kN

    Punching shear resistance under column 1


    Vup = 0.25 *1000* 1.085*1.05*4.3*0.55 = 673.58kN >V d OK!

    Wide beam shear

    X- direction

    The magnitude of the wide beam shear is read from the shear force diagram at a distance of
    d from the face of column 1.
    Vd = 440.82 (0.30 +d) -900 = 440.82 (0.30 +0.55) -900=525.30kN
    Wide beam shear resistance
    Vud = 0.25fctd k1k2 bwd

    (MN)

    k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085, k2 = 1.60 d =1.60 -0.55 = 1.05


    bw = 4.45m
    5

    Vud = 0.25*1000*1.085 *1.05*4.45*0.55 = 697.08kN > Vd ..OK!

    Y- direction

    The developed shear force in direction Y may be estimated as for the case of an isolated
    footing
    Developed shear
    1.475m

    4.45m

    0.55

    Vd = 99.06(1.475* 2.50)=365.28kN
    Wide beam shear resistance
    Vud = 0.25*1000*1.085 *1.05*2.50*0.53= 377.38kN > Vd .............OK!

    Footing 2

    Punching shear

    Take d= 0.40m and = min = 0.50/fyk = 0.50 /300 = 0.0017


    k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085,

    k2 = 1.60 d =1.60 -0.40 = 1.20

    u2 = Pr2 =1.50+1.50+1.60 +1.60 =6.20m


    Net shear force developed under column 2
    Vd= 1080 -*(1.50*1.60), =R2/a2*b2= 99.77kPa
    Vd= 1080 -99.77*(1.50*1.60) =840.55kN
    Punching shear resistance under column 2
    Vup = 0.25fctd k1k2ud

    (MN)

    Vup = 0.25 *1000* 1.085*1.20*6.20*0.40 = 807.24 kN < V d .. Not OK! ,

    increase the depth.

    Take d= 0.45m and = min = 0.50/fyk = 0.50 /300 = 0.0017


    6

    k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085,

    k2 = 1.60 d =1.60 -0.45 = 1.15

    u2 = Pr2 =1.65+1.65+1.75+1.75=6.80m

    Net shear force developed under column 2


    Vd= 1080 - 99.77 *(1.65*1.75) =791.91kN

    Punching shear resistance under column 2


    Vup = 0.25 *1000* 1.085*1.15*6.80*0.45 =954.53kN >V d OK!

    Wide beam shear

    X- direction

    The wide beam shear is read from the shear force diagram at a distance of d from the face of
    column 2.
    Vd = 438.98 (1.00+0.20+0.45) -1080 = 355.68kN
    Wide beam shear resistance
    Vud = 0.25fctd k1k2 bwd

    (MN)

    k1 = ( 1+50) = (1 +50*0.0017) =1.085 , k2 = 1.60 d =1.60 -0.45 = 1.15


    bw = 4.40m
    Vud = 0.25*1000*1.085 *1.15*4.40*0.45 = 617.64 > Vd ....OK!

    Y- direction

    Developed shear

    1.55m

    4.40
    m

    0.45

    2.00m

    Vd = 99.77(1.55* 2.00)=309.29kN
    Wide beam shear resistance
    Vud = 0.25*1000*1.085 *1.15*2.00*0.43 = 268.27kN < Vd .............NOT OK!
    7

    Increase the effective depth d to 0.55m


    Developed shear
    1.45m

    4.40
    m

    0.55

    2.00m

    Vd = 99.77(1.45* 2.00)=289.33kN
    Wide beam shear resistance
    Vud = 0.25*1000*1.085 *1.05*2.00*0.53

    = 301.90kN >Vd ............ OK!

    Moment capacity of concrete

    Footing 1
    X direction

    Capacity of concrete

    M 0.32 f cd bd 2
    0.32 11.33 103 4.45 0.55
    4880.51kN m M max 783.74kN m....Ok !
    2

    Y- direction

    Developed moment

    (2.025) 2
    M d 99.06 *
    * 2.5 507.76kN m
    2

    Capacity of concrete

    M 0.32 f cd bd 2
    0.32 11.33 103 2.50 0.53
    2546.08kN m M d ....Ok !

    Footing 2
    X direction

    M 0.32 f cd bd 2
    0.32 11.33 103 4.40 0.55
    4825.67kN m M max 219.49kN m....Ok !
    2

    Capaci
    ty of concrete

    Y-direction
    Developed moment
    9

    (2.00) 2
    M d 99.77 *
    * 2.0 399.08kN m
    2

    M 0.32 *11.33 x103 * 2.0 * (0.53) 2


    2036.86kN m M d...........OK !

    Capacity of
    concrete

    Calculation of Reinforcements
    Footing 1
    X-direction

    f cd
    f yd

    1 1

    2M

    f cd bd 2

    11.33
    2 * 783.74
    1

    0.0023 min ....ok!

    2
    260.87
    11.33 103 4.45 0.55

    As bd 0.0023 445 55 56.29cm 2


    From BMD ,
    M = 783.74kN-m

    10

    Use = 20, as = 3.14cm2


    No. of bars , n= 56.29/3.14 =17.9 , use 18 bars
    Spacing = (445-2*5)/ (n-1) =25.6cm

    Use 18 20 c/c 255mm (The reinforcement should be placed at the top)

    Provide also minimum bottom reinforcement in the X-direction

    Asmin = min bd = 0.0017 *445 *55 =41.61cm2

    Use = 14, as = 1.54cm2


    No. of bars , n= 41.61/1.54 =27
    Spacing = (445-2*5)/ (n-1) =16.73cm

    Use 27 14 c/c 165mm

    Y-direction

    Md =507.76kN-m

    11.33
    2 * 507.76
    0.0029 min ....ok!
    1 1
    2
    260.87
    11.33 103 2.50 0.53

    As bd 0.0029 250 53 38.425cm 2

    Use = 20, as = 3.14cm2


    No. of bars , n= 38.425/3.14 =12.2, use 13 bars
    Spacing = (250-2*5)/ (n-1) =20cm
    Use 13 20 c/c 200mm ( bottom reinforcement)

    Provide also minimum top reinforcement in the Y-direction


    Asmin = min bd = 0.0017 *250 *53 =22.53cm 2
    Use = 14, as = 1.54cm2
    No. of bars , n= 22.53/1.54 =14.6 , use 15 bars
    Spacing = (250-2*5)/ (n-1) =17.1cm
    Use 15 14 c/c 170mm
    Footing 2
    X-direction

    11

    11.33
    2 * 219.49
    1

    0.0006 min

    2
    260.87
    11.33 103 4.40 0.55

    As min bd 0.0017 440 55 41.14cm 2


    From BMD , M = 219.49 kN-m

    Use = 20, as = 3.14cm2


    No. of bars , n= 41.14/3.14 =13.20, use 14 bars
    Spacing = (440-2*5)/ (n-1) =33.08cm
    Use 14 20 c/c 330mm (The reinforcement should be placed at the bottom)

    Y-direction

    11.33
    2 * 399.08
    1

    0.0028 min ..

    2
    3
    260.87
    11.33 10 2.00 0.53

    As bd 0.0028 200 53 29.68cm 2


    Md =399.08kN-m

    Use = 20, as = 3.14cm2


    No. of bars , n= 29.68/3.14 =9.5 , use 10 bars
    Spacing = (250-2*5)/ (n-1) =26.67cm
    12

    Use 10 20 c/c 265mm (bottom reinforcement)

    Development length

    Footing 1

    ld

    X-direction

    f yd 2 260.87

    130.44cm
    4 f bd
    4 1

    Available development length, la =220-5=215cm > ld .. OK!

    ld

    f yd 2 260.87

    130.44cm
    4 f bd
    4 1

    Y-direction

    Available development length, la =202.5-5=197.5cm > ld OK!

    Footing 2

    ld

    f yd 2 260.87

    130.44cm
    4 f bd
    4 1

    X-direction

    Available development length, la =80-5=75cm < ld NOT OK!


    Bend the bars upward with a minimum length of .cm

    Y-direction

    f yd 2 260.87
    ld

    130.44cm
    4 f bd
    4 1
    13

    Available development length, la =200-5=195cm > ld OK!

    Design of Strap

    14

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