Omega Manual

The Making of OMEGA...
By the time a computer game appears on retail shelves,

it shares only a few of the characteristics originally visualized
by the author. OMEGA 15 a case in point.
OMEGA has evolved from an idea that first came to
Stuart Marks in 1984. It was an idea for a game that would
allow players to engineer the mobile tactics of a piece of military
robotic hardware - a boat, plane or ground vehicle - and compete in simulated battle against others. "r was so fascinated
by the idea," Stuart said, "that I continued refining the design
and by late 1986 was calling it "Tank Battle:'
By early 1987, the initial design specs included many of
the features which appear in OMEGA today. Stuart had
expanded the scope of the project to include battlefield, chassis
and artificial intelligence design modules. But it wasn't until
the Summer of 1987, after ORIGIN had agreed to publish the
game, that cybernetics entered the picture.
"1 can't recall the specific incident," Stuart said, "but I
remember bouncing ideas back and forth with Dallas Snell,
OR1GIN's Executive Producer, when the term was mentioned.
We both liked the futuristic feel of "cybernetics", and
"cybertank" seemed a natural fit with the direction the
game was taking."
The dramatic evolution continued. "The idea of making
the player an employee of the Organization for Strategic Intelligence, grew from a conversation with friends during a round of
beers at a local tavern," Stuart said. "Later, Richard Gan;ott,
the author of the Ultima series, contributed a workable method
of including manual control of the cybertanks, and Paul
Neurath, the author of Space Rogue, came up with the idea
for team play."
The most difficult corners to turn in the development of
OI\iIEGA focused on organizing the documentation, and imple~
menting an easy~to~use design system for novices. The manuals
and tutorials were the objects ofintcnse quality testing at
ORIGIN. An Artificial Intelligence Construction Panel and
pre-defined Capsule Routines provided an effective way of
allowing non-technical players to enjoy this simulation.
Stuart Marks and the team of graphic artists, programmers, sound cllbrineers and producers at ORIGIN, have not only
turned the corners - they've been able to straighten quite a few.
The result is a truly unique gaming experience
The OMEGA Experience!
OSI-TG-0888-KWA
----=-=..:.-:-=--.::==--.:..:..:.:..:..:..-_--
PART 1:
Training Guide
Table of Contents
PART 1
TRAINING GUIDE
'---------------SECTION 1 - GENERRL INFORMATION

1.1
EMPLOYEE 10ENTIFICATION OISC
1.2
GETTING STARTEO
1.3
SPECIAL KEYS
SECTION
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
2.4.5
2.4.6
2.4.7
2.4.8
2.5
2.5.1
i-2
i-2
;-3
2 - OESIGNING A CYBERTANK
CHASSIS DESIGN AND AI DESIGN
i-4
BEGINNING THE CYBERTANK DESIGN PROCESS
i-4
The Design Control Module
i-5
Creating a New Cybertank
i-5
DESIGNING THE CYBERTRNK'S CHRSSIS
j-6
The Chassis Design Module Display Panel
i-6
Selecting Equipment
i-7
Choosing ALPHA's Equipment
i-8
Viewing ALPHR's Specifications
i-ID
DESIGNING THE CYBERTRNK'S AI
i-l0
Cybertank Command Language (CCL)
i-II
Semi custom uersus Full Custom Design
'i-ll
The AI Module
i-12.
Entering ALPHA's AI
i-12
EHamining ALPHA's AI
i-12
Routines
i-13
Library Capsules
i-13
Sauing the Cybertank Design
i-14
AUTHORIZING A CYBERTANK
i-14
Actiuating the Cybertank Authorization Module
i-14
2.5.2 Successful Ruthorization
i-15
2.5.3 Unsuccessful Ruthorization
i-15
.J
TC-1
PART 1:
OSI-TG-0888-KWA
Training Guide
SECTION 3 - BATTLE SIMULATION

THE COMBAT SIMULATION MOOULE
3.1
3.2
OESIGNING A BATTLE SIMULATION
3.2.1 The Simulation Oesign Module Oisplay Panel
3.2.2 Cybertanl< and Battlefield Files
3.2.3 Selecting the Primary Cybertanl<
3.2.4 Selecting Other Cybertanl<s
3.2.5 Selecting a Battlefield
3.2.6 Cybertanl< Teams
3.2.7 Saving the Simulation Oesign
3.3
CONOUCTING A SIMULATION
3.3.1 Starting a Simulation
3.3.2 Status Bars
3.3_3 Other Status Indicators
3.3.4 Changing the Uantage Point
3.3.5 The Satellite U;ew
3.3.6 Pausing and Aesuming the Simulation
3.3.7 End of the Simulation
3.3.B Aestarting the Simulation
3.3.9 Coffee Breal<
i-17
i-I B
i-I B
i-19
i-19
i-20
i-20
i-21
i-21
i-21
i-21
i-22
i-23
i-23
i-24
i-24
i-25
i-25
i-25
SECTION
4.1
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
4.2.5
4.2.6
4.2.7
4.2.B
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.3.4
4.3.5
i-26
i-26
i-27
i-27
i-2B
i-2B
;-2B
i-29
i-29
i-29
i-30
i-30
i-31
i-31
i-32
i-32
4 - BACK TO THE ORAWING BOARD

ENTERING THE AI MODULE
THE AI MODULE
RI Module Terminology
Moving the Insertion Cursor
Inserting TeHt
Deleting TeHt
Adding New Lines
Oouble Lines
Outgrowing the Edit Window
Scrolling
WORKING WITH SECTIONS OF TEHT
Selecting TeHt
Deleting a Section ofTeHt
Replacing a Section of TeHt
Cutting and Posting TeHt
Copying and Posting TeHt
TC-2
PART 1:
OSITG0888KWA
4.3.5
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.3
4.4.4
4.4.5
SECTION
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.3
Undo
EDITING ALPHA
Aeloading ALPHA
Aeplacing a Capsule
Authorizing the new ALPHA
Sauing the Design As Beta
Authorizing BETA
Training Guide
i-32
i-33
i-33
i-33
i-34
i-35
i-35
5 - REUISITINGTHE SIMULATION
MORE RBDUT THE CYBERTANK COMBAT SIMULATDRi-36
Deleting the Did Simulation Design
i-36
Designing the New Simulation
i-36
RUNNING THE SIMULATOR
i-37
The Instrument Panel
i-37
Watching the Simulation
;-38
TIME FOR SOME R & R
i-38
SECTION 6 - FUll CUSTOM DESIGN

6.1
GENERAL I NFORMATI ON
i-39
6.2 THE SIMULATED WORLD OF THE CSM
i-39
6.2.1 Battlefield Coordinate System
i-39
6.2.2 The Eight Standard Directions
i-40
6.2.3 Distance
i-41
6.3 THE SIMULATED CYBERTANK
i-41
6.3.1 Mouement
i-41
6.3.2 The Mouement Sensor and the Scanner
i-42
6.3.3 The Weapon System
i-42
6.4 ElEMENTS OF THE CYBERTANK COMMAND LANGUAGE
i-43
6.4.1 Labels
i-43
6.4.2 Reserued Words
i-43
6.4.3 System Uariables
i-44
6.4.4 User Uariables
i-44
6.4.5 Action Commands
i-44
6.4.6 Computation Commands
i-44
6.4.7 Sequence Commands
i-44
6.4.8 Decision Commands
i-45
6.5 THE CCL CONSTRUCTION PANEl
i-45
TC3
PART 1:
OSI- TG-0888-KWA
Training Guide
6.5.1 EHperimenting With the CCl

6.5.2 MOUE Commands
6.5.3 TURN Commands
6.5.4 OETECT OBSTRUCTION Commands
6.5.5 SCRN Commands
6.5.6 ROTRTE Commands
6.5.7 FIRE Commands
6.5.8 Special Commands
6.5.9 Oecision Commands
6.5.11 Rssignment Commands
6.6
OESIGNING A CYBERTANK FROM THE GROUNO UP
6.6.1 Oesigning a Chassis
6.6.2 A Cybertanl<'s Perspective
6.6.3 Moving Around the Battlefield
6.6.4 Searching For on Enemy
6.6.5 HUNTING THE ENEMY
6.7
GOING AT IT ALONE
i-45
;-47
;-47
i-48
i-49
i-50
i-51
i-52
i-52
i-54
i-55
i-56
i-56
i-57
;-57
i-62
i-68
i-74
SECTION
7.1
7.1.1
7.1.2
7.2
7.2_1
7.2.2
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7 - TESTING A CYBERTANK
THE CYBERTANK TEST MOOULE
Loading the Simulation Oesign
The CTM Control Panel
TRACE MODE
Pausing the Test
Single Stepping
STATUS MOOE
Selecting Status Mode
Changing Status Registers
i-76
i-76
i-76
i-77
i-77
i-77
i-7B
i-78
i-7B
SECTt ON
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8 - ClEAAANCE EUALUATION
Promotion Criteria
Requesting A Clearance Evaluation
The Evaluation Process
Promotion Approval
Time For A Uacation
i-80
i-80
;-81
;-81
;-82
TC-4
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
PART 2
MODULE REFERENCE
SECTION
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.1.4
1.2
1.3
1 - EHTERNRL CONTROL MODULE

ECM FUNCTI ON AND LAYOUT
The SYSTEM Menu
The EMPLOYEE Menu
The SIMULRTE Menu
The DESIGN Menu
SIMULATION STRTlSTICS
ElECTRONIC MAIL SYSTEM
ii-2
ii-3
ii-4
ii-5
il-6
il-7
ii-8
SECTION
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
2.3.6
2.3.7
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
2.4.5
2.4.6
2.4.7
2.4.8
2.4.9
2 - DESIGNING A CYBERTANK
GENERAL INFORMATION
DESIGN CONTROL MODULE
The CYBERTANK Menu
The EO IT Menu
The CAPSULE Menu
CHASSIS DESIGN MODULE
GENERAL
COM CONTROLS
TANK ClRSSES
FUEL CEllS
OR I UE SYSTEMS
WEAPON TYPES
SPECIAL ITEMS
RRTIFICIAL INTElLIGENCE MODULE
GENERAL
THE INSEATION CUASOR
Inserting TeMt
Deleting TeMt
Adding New line
Scrolling
SELECTI NG TEHT
Deleting a Section of TeHt
Replacing a Section of TeHt
ii-9
il-9
i i-II
il-13
ii-15
ii-16
ii-16
ii-18
ii-19
il-19
li-19
ii-20
ii-21
ii-24
li-24
li-24
li-25
il-25
ii-25
ii-25
ii-26
ii-27
li-27
Te-5
PART 2:
OSIMR-71988-AG
2.4.1 OCutling ond Posting TeHt
204.11 Copying ond Pasting TeHt

2.4.12UNOO
2.5
USING THE CCl CONSTRUCTION PANEL (CP)
2.6
THE AUTHOAIZRTION MOOUlE
Module Reference
jj-27
il-28
jj-28
ii-28
jj-32
SECTION 3 - SIMULATION OESIGN MOOULE

3.1
SOM FUNCTI ON ANO LAYOUT
3.2
SHECTI NG TEAMS (OPTIONAL)
3.3
POSITIONING HERDQUARTERS (OPTIONAL)
li-34
ii-37
il-38
SECTION
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4 - COM8AT SIMULATION MODULE

CSM FUNCTI ON AND LAYOUT
GENEARL COMMANDS
THE INSTRUMENT PANELS
OTHEA OPTI ONS
ii-40
ii-4D
ii-41
11-42
SECTI ON
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5 - CYBERTANK TEST MODULE

CTM FUNCTI ON RND LAYOUT
GENERAL COMMANDS
OTHER OPTI ONS
TRRC MODE
STATUS MODE
jj-45
jj-45
ii-46
il-47
ii-49
SECTt ON
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6 - ClEARANC EUALUATION
CM FUNCTI ON AND LAYOUT
GENERAL COMMANDS
THE INSTRUMENT PANHS
OTHEA OPTIONS
ii-53
ii-54
ii-54
ii-54
SECTION 7 - BATILHIHD DESIGN MODULE

BDM FUNCTION AND LAYOUT
7.1
7.2
USING BLOCKS
ii-56
jj-62
SECTION 8 - DATA DUPLICATION MODUlE

8.1
DDM FUNCTION AND LAYOUT
ii-64
TC6
PART 3: Command Language
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
SECTION 9 - SYSTEM OPERATIONS

9.1
THE FILE STORAGE PANEL (FSP)
9.2 THE FILE RETR IEURL PANEl (FRP)
9.3 THE FILE TERMINRTlON PANEl (HP)
il-68
ii-70
ii-71
PART 3
CYBERTANK COMMAND
LANGUAGE
SECTION
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
I - CYBERTRNK COMMRNO LANGURGE

GENERRL OEFINITIONS
CYCLE COUNT
RESERUED WORDS
STRUCTURE CDNUENTlDNS
LRBElS
SYSTEM UARIABLES
USER UARIRBLES
OPERRTDRS
iii-2
jjj-2
iii-3
iii-3
jjj-4
iii-5
iii-5
iii-5
SECTION 2 - MOUING THE CYBERTRNK

2.1
TREAD DAMAGE AND REPAIR
2.2
MOUING
2.3 TURNING
2.4 oETE CTI NG MOUEMENT DBSTRUCTI ONS
2.5 DETERMINING CYBERTANK FACING
iii-7
iii-8
iii-9
iii-II
iii-13
SECTION 3 - USING THE SCANNER

3.1
SCANNER DAMAGE AND REPAIR
3.2 SCANNING FOR ENEMY CYBERTRNKS
3.3 SCANN ING FOR OBJECTS
3.4 FINOING THE HEADQUARTERS
3.5 ROTATING THE SCANNER
3.6 LOCKING THE SCANNER ON R TARGET
3.7 DETECTING A SCANNER LOCKED ON YOU
3.8 JAMMING THE ENEMY'S SCANNER
iii-15
iii-16
iii-17
iii-18
iii-19
iii-21
iii-22
iii-23
TC-7
.... AH I 4:
OSI-CR-71988-AG
3.9
l.,;apSUle Heterence
LAUNCHING REMOTE SCRNNERS
ili-23
SECTION 4 - USING THE WERPON

4.1
WEAPON ORMAGE ANO REPAIR
4.2 OETEAMINING IF AN OBJECT IS WITHIN RANGE
4.3 FIRING THE WEAPON
iii-25
iii-26
iii-27
SECTION
5. I
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
iil-29
iii-3D
iii-31
iii-32
iii-32
iii-34
iii-35
iii-36
ii;-39
5 - MISCELLRNEOUS COMMRNOS
REPA IRING OAMRGE
DEFENSE SHIELD
DETERMINING FUEL LEUEL
WHEN ALL ELSE FAILS
GENERALLY USEFUL COMMANDS
SETTING A "BREAKPOINT"
ATTAINING MANUAL CONTROL
SEQUENCE COMMANDS
INCLUDING CAPSULE ROUTINES
SECTION 6 - USING THE COMMUNICATIONS LINK

6.T
TURNING THE COMMLINK ON AND OFF
iii-40
6.2 TRANSMITTING AND RECEIUING ON THE COMMLINK
lil-41
PART 4
CAPSULE REFERENCE
SECTION
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.4.3
1.4.4
1 - GENERRL INFORMRTlON
WHRT IS R CRPSULE?
HOW TO USE A CAPSULE
OS I CRPSULE STRNORROS
OSI CAPSULE ROUTINES
"SEARCH FOR ENEMY" CRPSULES
"TRRCKING" CAPSULES
"ENEMY TERMINATION" CAPSULES
"FLEE FROM ENEMY" CAPSULE
TC-8
iu-2
iu-2
iu-3
iu-5
iu-5
iu-a
iu-9
iu-IT
OSI-COT-121988-AG
Part 5 - Combat Objectives
PART 5
COMBAT OBJECTIVES AND

TACTICS
SECTION
1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1 - MElEE
MElEE OBJECTI UE
MELEE TACTICS
Destroying the Other Cybertanks
Hiding From the Other Cybertanks
u-2
u-2
u-2
u-3
SECTION 2 - TEAM COMBAT

2.1
ABSOLUTE TERM INATI ON
2.2 HEADQUARTERS TERMINRTION
2.3 TEAM COMMUNICATIONS
u-4
u-4
u-5
SECTION 3 - MANUAL CONTROL

3.1
WHAT IS MANUAL CONTROl?
3.2 HOW TO ACHIWE MRNUAL CONTROL
u-6
u-6
PART 6
TROUBLESHOOTING
SECTION
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1 FILE
DISC
DISC
DISC
0 ISC PROBLEMS
NOT FOUND
WRITE PROTECTED
FULL
MALFUNCTION
ui-2
ui-2
ui-3
ui-4
SECTION 2 - SECURITY ERRORS

2.1
10 DISC PASSWORD SECURITY
2.2
CYBERTANK DESIGN PASSWORD SECURITY
TC-9
ui-5
ui-5
Part 6 - Troubleshooting
OSITS72588SM
SECTION 3 - SIMULATION EAAOAS

3.1
SIMULATION OUT OF MEMOAY
3.2 CYBERTANK/BATILEFIELO NOT FOUNO
3.3 CYBERTANK NOT AUTHORIZED
ui-7
ui-7
ui-8
SECTI ON 4 - OTHER ERRORS

4.1
AUTHORIZATION ERRORS
4.2
ILLEGAL BATILEFIELO
ui-9
ui-9
Te10
OSITG0888-KWA
PART I: Training Guide
PART 1
TRAINING GUIDE
SYNOPSIS
This section is designed for the new employee. All new
employees must read the Training Guide to deuelop an
understanding of design and implementation. The Training
Guide couers many important topics, including the Employee
Identification Oisc, designing a cybertank, testing a
cybertank, and the Clearance Evaluation procedure.
j1
OSITG0888KWA
SECTION
GENERAL INFORMATION
SECTION BRIEF
This section describes how to use the Training Guide,
eHplains how to get started, and prouides important
background information.
1.1
EMPLOYEE IDENTIFICATION DISC
If you haue not yet obtained an Employee Identification

Disc (10 Disc), do so now. The procedure for creating an 10
Disc is detailed in the Orientation Guide. The remainder of
this Training Guide assumes that you have read the
Orientation Guide and fof/owed its instructions.
1.2
GETTING STARTED
The Troining Guide is organized so that you can read it while

operating your OSI/CACO terminal. For maHimum training
benefit, it is recommended that you work through this
Training Guide while operating an OSI/CACO terminal. Follow
the instructions in this guide carefully to ensure that your
terminal session stays in sequence. To begin, make sure
that the 051 Security Gate is showing. If not, select CALL IT
A OAY from the EMPLOYEE menu, and restart OMEGA.
Restarting OMEGA guarantees that your terminal is in
sequence with this Training Guide.
After arriuing at the 051 Security Gate, select the I!!I~I.'JOII'!J'

button and follow the directions on the screen to gain
access to 051. After your password and retina pattern haue
been uerified, you are transferred to the EHternal Control
Module (ECM).
OSI-TG-OBB8-KWA
1.3
SPECIAL KEYS
Throughout the Training Guide you will find these names

used to identify special keys:
RETURN
DELETE
TAB
MARK
CURSOR-LEFT
CURSOR-RIGHT
CURSOR-UP
CURSOR-DOWN
These names are always typed in UPPER CRSE, as they
appear aboue. Some terminals do not haue all of these keys.
Consult the OSI/CRCO System 2 Reference Card to determine
which keys are auailable for your terminal type .
j3
OSITG0888KWA
SECTION
DESIGNING A CYBERTANK
SECTION BRIEF
Designing a cybertank consists of two steps: designing the
chassis and designing the Artificial Intelligence (AI). The
term Chllssls refers to the cybertank's mechanical
components. HI refers to commands which control the
cybertank's actions uia an on-board computer. This section
details both aspects of cybertllnk design.
2.1
CHASSIS DESIGN AND AI DESIGN
Designing a cybertank chassis requires the selection of

mechanical components from uarious equipment categories.
These choices define the specifications for your cybertank.
Designing cybertank AI inuolues creating a sequence of
commands for the cybertank's on-board computer. HI can
be created rapidly using semi custom or full custom design
techniques. Full custom design fully eHploits the capabilities
of the on-board computer.
2.2
BEGINNING THE CYBERTANK DESIGN PROCESS
To begin, select DESIGN CYBERTANK from the DESIGN

menu. The DSI/CACD transfers you to the Design Control
Module (OeM). Your name, your clearance leuel, and the
name of your cybertank (currently <NONE are displayed on
the screen (see Diagram 2.2l.
j4
OSITG0888KWA
Ofol/COI:O !iVlJIEn
OElitC" tultlllUl nllDU4E
ua;n!)lu"
i!'II'l~''1,:1
Sueur I "I l: I l:1"'''''':C
!i 111110,,"[1
Diagram 2.2 - Design Control Module (OeM)
2.2.1 The Design Control Module

The DCM is the heart of DSf/CACD System 2. As a Cybertank
Engineer, you must become uery familiar with this module.
The DCM includes the chassis and AI design facilities.
2.2.2 Creating a New Cybertank
To create a new cybertank, select NEW from the
CYBERTANK menu. This allows you to name your new
cybertank, and initiate its design. Euery cybertank is giuen
a code name of the designer's choosing. To maintain
consistency with the Training Guide, name your initial
cybertank design "ALPHA."
Your cybertank's name is entered using the File Storage
Panel (FSP) now displayed on your screen (see Diagram
2.2.2l. Type in "ALPHA", and click on the Ilml!J@ button (for
keyboard control of the FSP, please refer to the nSI/CACD
System 2 Reference Card). A place on your 10 Disc is now
reserued for a new cybertank design named "ALPHA."
Note: the FSP is described in detail in Part 2, Section 9.1
15
OSITGOBBBKWA
Diagram 2.2.2 -- File Storage Panel (FSP)
2.3
DESIGNING THE CYBERTANK'S CHASSIS
After reseruing a place for AlPflA, the OSI/CACO transfers

you to the Chassis Design Module (COM). f1ere, you will
design the chassis of your cybertank.
2.3.1 The Chassis Design Module Display Panel
The COM display panel is diuided into three parts (see
Diagram 2.3.1):
the main display area, the component
buttons, and the credits display area.
The main display area, located below the cybertank name
plaque, displays information selected by using the
component bullons at the right. Currently, AlPflA's
Specifications are displayed.
To get a feel for using the COM panel, try selecting each of
the component buttons. Note each button's effect as it
appears on the main display area.
PART I: TraInIng Guide
OSI TG0888K WA
The 1JJ@~OU'OIl:IlJUO@1il1l button shows a summary of equipment

selected for the cybertan~. The other component buttons
disPlay lists of equipment for each specific component.
Each piece of equipment has an associated cost. As an
engineer with STANDAAD Clearance, you are aHoted an
initial budget of 1,000 credits. The credits display area
shows the remaining balance as you choose eqUipment.
IJIPF.H
Main Display
Area
Component
Buttons
I ... ht
;>11 II .. -
ere d it 0 is play
Area
'l~,'
---~~"~"E,,~n~";~)
n
Diagr,l111 2.3.1-- Chassis Design Module (COM)
2.3.2 Selecting Equipment

To see how equipment is chosen, select the [])I?OI!J@ QDIlU@[jIiJ
button. The uarious driue systems appear in the main
display area. Now, select ILO@IliU as if it were a button. The
small, circular button directly to the left of ILO@IliU becomes
highlighted and the credits area is updated accordingly.
NOTE:
For users of Commodore 64 and Apple
/ /+,c,e terminals only:
Instead of a small, circular indicator, B diamond
appears indicating that IL @IliU has been selected.
The credits display area is updated accordingly.
j7
as 1- TG-0888-K WA
PART 1: Training Guide
Now select Il)@OJIlJ~. Notice thot selecting Il)@OJIlJ\'D "deselects"

I1.DIllU. This occurs because your cybertank can haue only
one driue system. Try Clloosing other driue systems.
The fiue primary equipment components are Tonk Closs,
Fuel Cells, Driue System, Weapon Type, and Scanner. To
authorize a cybertank, the cybertank must include one (and
only one) choice for each component. In Special Items,
you may include as many items as your bUdget allows (or
none). Special items are optional.
2.3.3 Choosing ALPHA's Equipment
You are now ready to choose ALPHA's equipment. Display the
uarious equipment by selecting the appropriate component
(specified below in bold print). Then choose the item,
specified in outline print, by selecting it in the main display
area as if it were 6 button.
Tonk Closs determines the weight of the cybertank, the
thickness of its armor, and other attributes (see Port 2,
Section 2.3.3 for details). For ALPHA, choose the !01ll@Ii'IMlOJIiil
G':\lG' Tonk Closs.
Fuel Cells prouide energy for the driue system, weapon
system, and scanner system. If a cybertank runs out of
fuel, its mechanical functions cease operation_ For ALPHA,
choose ~ IYlIiilDUIJ of fuel.
The Driue System is the power plant of the cybertank. The
cost (in credits) of a driue system indicates the amount of
energy it can produce. For more information regarding driue
systems, see Port 2, Section 2.3.5. For ALPHA, choose the
I1.DIllU Driue System.
Weapon Type determines the weapon type to be installed
on the cybertank. For a discussion of Weapon Types, see
Port 2, Section 2.3.6. For ALPHA, choose l<oo[jJUIJDIlJ@.
The Scanner is the eyes and ears of the cybertank. It
detects enemy cybertanks and other objects in a wedge-
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OSI-TG-0888-KWA
shaped area emanating from the cybertank (see Diagram

2.3.3). The length of the wedge is called the range of the
scanner and is measured in hectometers (hm). The width of
the wedge is called the sweep angle and is measured in
degrees ('J. For ALPHA, choose the 6? [,lIiUi1 - ~ffi0 scanner.
Diagram 2.3.3 -- Shape of the scanner
Special I terns prouide aduanced battle capabilities. They

will be discussed later when you haue a large enough
bUdget to use them.
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2.3.4 Uiewing ALPHA's Specificotions

Select the IlIJ)(!l@DITD@UD@1iiJ1J button to uiew ALPHA's
specificotions. The moin disploy BreD should loole lilee
Oiogrom 2.3.4. Notice that the items you houe chosen
eHhoust your bUdget of 1,000 credits.
HLPIfIl
5hr.rn;U\ 111
300
"n,t~
L.~hl
fOIl' Ill ... ,YC
2Dk..
-~S
1:11
1115
Diagram 2.3.4 - ALPHA specifications in the CDM
2.4
DESIGNING THE CYBERTANK'S AI
With the chossis complete , you con now design the

cybertonle's AI. Select AI from the [YBERTANK menu. The
OSI/[A[O tronsfers you to the Rrlificiol Intelligence
Module (AI Module). Your screen should now loole lilee
Oiagrom 2.4.
Note: The COM and III Module are both parts of the Design
Conlrol Module (OCM), You can Iransfer back and forlh
between the Iwo by selecting CHIISSIS or III from the
CYBERTRNK menu.
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Diagram 2.4 - AI Module
The main viewing area of the screen is called the edit

window. The Scroll-Bar directly to the right of the edit
window is used to scroll through the lines of AI.
NOTE:
Your terminal is equipped with MUlti-speed Scroll
Arrows located at the right edge of the edit
window. These Scroll Arrows allow you to scroll
through the lines of AI at varying rates of speed.
Below the edit window is the CCl Construction

(C?). The C? is comprised of various plaques.
Panel
2.4.1 Cybertank Command language (CCL)

Cybertonk AI is comprised of commands written in the
Cybertank Command langvage (CCLl, a special language
developed by OSI Engineers. CCl is easily understood
because it resembles the English language.
2.4.2 Semicustom versus Full Custom Oesign
There are two basic methods available for designing AI,
Semicustom Oesign and Full Custom Oesign.
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When using semicustom design, the designer forms the AI

by piecing together predefined sequences of commonds,
called AI Library Capsules. In full custom design, the
designer enters each CCL command indiuidually.
You will be using semicustom design for your first
cybertank (ALPHA). Full custom design is discussed later in
this Training Guide.
2.4.3 The AI Module
The AI Module is used to enter and change AI commands.
Commands can be entered by typing, or by selecting the CCL
Construction Panel (CP) plaques below the edit window.
Notice the thin uertical bar in the upper left-hand corner of
the edit window. I t is called the I nsertion Cursor (I Cl. It
indicates where teHt will be inserted when you start typing.
2.4.4 Entering ALPHA's AI
Type in the following lines, ending each with a AETUAN:
Start
Do Seek
Do Destroy
Branch to Start
Note: AI commonds can be in UPPEA CASE (CAPITAL) letters,
lower case letters, or both.
Note: The AI Module has a built-in feature which
automatically indents the neHt line when you press AETUAN.
DELETE returns the cursor to the left margin.
2.4.5 EHamining ALPHA's AI

The four lines entered for ALPHA's AI embody the logic of a
simple but effectiue AI. When ALPHA is battle actiuated, its
on-board computer processes the AI, beginning with Stort.
The first line, Stort, is coiled a Lobel. A Lobel simply names
a segment of AI. Labels always appear on a line by
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OSI TG-0888-KWA
themselues, and always begin in the leftmost column of

the edit window .
The second line, 00 Seek, instructs the on-board computer
to perform a routine called Seek.
Similarly, the third line, 00 Destroy, instructs the on-board
computer to perform a routine called Destroy.
The last line, Branch to Start, instructs the on-board
computer to branch back to the label Start before
processing additional commands.
These four lines make up a common structure called a
"loop." The on-board computer will "loop back" to Start
after it performs Destroy, such that the on-board computer
alternately performs the Seek and Destroy routines.
2.4.6 Routines
R routine is a seQuence of CCl commands which instruct the
cybertank to perform a particular task.
ALPHA's AI incorporates two routines: Seek and Destroy.
Seek causes the cybertank to seek out an enemy. Destroy
causes the cybertank to fire at the enemy until it either
runs away or is destroyed.
The routines Seek and Destroy are not yet defined in your
AI. Fortunately, they are both auailable as Library Capsules.
To use these Library Capsules, press AETURN and type the
following two lines:
Include Seek
Include Destroy
Note:
Press RETURN at the end or each line.
2.4.7 Library Capsules

Library Capsules are prewritten segments of AI. A Library
Capsule can contain one or more routines composed of CCl
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OSI TG0888K WA
commands and are often named after the first routine they
contain. This is the case with both Seek and Destroy.
The line Include Seel< represents the contents of the
Library Capsule named Seel<. You could replace Include
Seel< with the CCl commands from the library Capsule
"Seek" without changing the meaning of the AI.
later in this Training Guide you are shown how to uiew, edit,
and create Library Capsules. Part 4, "Capsule Aeference,"
describes the Capsules auailable in the OSI Library.
2.4.8 Sauing the Cybertank
Your cybertank design is now
10 Disc. 8efore proceeding,
identical to the following (no
upper and lower case letters):
Design
ready to be saued onto your
make sure that your AI is
distinction is made between
Start
Do Seek
Do Destroy
Branch to Start
Include Seek
Include Destroy
To saue your cybertank design, select SAUE from the
CY8ERTANK menu. ALPHA's chassis and Ai designs are now
s lored on your 10 Disc.
2.5
AUTHORlZING A CYBERTANK
Your cybertank design must be authorized before it can be

submitted to the Combat Simulation Module (CSMl. Your
design will be checked by the Cybertanl< Authorization
Module (CAM) for any flaws; such as missing chassis
components and incorrect eeL commands, as well as missing
Library Capsules.
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2.5.1 Actiuating the Cybertank Authorization Module

By selecting AUTHOAIZE from the CYBEATANK menu, the
OSIICACO transfers you to the CAM and automatically begins
the authorization process. I f there are no problems with
your design, the CAM will diSPlay the message
"AUTHOAIZATION COMPLETE."
At this point, select AUTHOAIZE from the CYBEATANK menu
to Authorize ALPHA.
NOTE: For users of Commodore 64 and Apple
11+,c,e terminals only:

The Capsule Aoutines are found on the AESOUACE
disc.
2.5.2 Successful Authorization

Arter the CAM has successfully authorized your cybertank,
the ~a::~ and !ID@(lOIID buttons appear ot the bottom of your
screen. The If:a::~ button transfers you to the EHternol
Command Module (ECM). The !ID@l'lOIID button tronsfers you to
the Oesign Control Module (OCM). For now, select the 1f:1!:~
button. When the OSIICACO System Z asks if you want to
soue the changes mode to ALPHA, select "YES".
2.5.~
Unsuccessful Authorization
If the CAM identifies a problem with your design, a messoge
is displayed eHplaining the problem. If the problem is in
your chassis design, press any key. You will be transferred
to the Chassis Oesign Module (COM) where you can fiH the
cybertonk's chassis_
If the problem is in your A I design, the buttons a::IIDQOIIDIJ!l@

ond I!:IlJIID(;@O oppeor ot the bottom of the screen. Select the
(CIlJIIDc<@O button to return to the AI Module, or select the
1!:IIDQOlIDl!J@ button to allow the CAM to continue searching for
problems_ When the CAM is finished, the OSIICACO transfers
you to the AI Module where you can fiH your cybertank's A'-
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OS 1- TG-OBBB-KWA
Some problems with AI designs discontinue the

authorization of your design. If this happens, press any key
and you will be transferred back to the AI Module.
OSI-TG-088SKWA
SECTION
BATTLE SIMULATION
SECTION BAIEF
The Combat Simulotion Module (CSM) is a powerful and
f1eHible tool used by engineers to obserue cybertanks under
a uariety of bottle conditions. This section describes how to
design and conduct a bottle simulotion.
3.1
THE COMBAT SIMULATION MODULE
A maHimum of 15 cybertanks can be included in a

simulation. At leost two cybertanks must be chosen for a
simulation. One of these must be designated as the
Primary Cybertank.
At the beginning of 0 simulation, the bottle is viewed from
the vantage point of the Primary Cybertank. During the
simulation, the view can be changed to the vantage point of
ony of the other cybertanks.
The objective of every cybertank is to destroy its enemies.
Its enemies usually include all of the other cybertanks in
the simulotion; however, the CSM has prouisions for
organizing cybertanks into teams. Cybertank teams are
discussed in Port 2, Section 3.2.
Combat can be woged on 0 variety of battlefields. OSI
includes three pre-designed battlefields and you can design
your own (see Port 2, Section 7). The three OSI battlefields
are copied onto every 10 Oisc.
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OSI-TG-0888-KWA
3.2
DESIGNING A BATTLE SIMULATION
Battle Simulation Design consists of the following steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Selecting a Primary Tank

Selecting the Other Tanks
Selecting a BattleField
Choosing Teams (optional)
Placing Team Headquarters (optional)
To begin the design process, select DESIGN A SIMULATION

from the SIMULATE menu. You will be transferred to the
Simulation Design Module (SDM).
3.2.1 The Simulation Design Module Display Panel
Diagram 3.2.1 illustrates the SDM display panel. The left side
of the panel is comprised of four display areas. The
EMPLOYEE display area displays your name and clearance
leuel. The PAIMAAY TANK, OTHER TANKS, and BATTLEFiElD
display areas show your simulation specifications.
The right side of the panel is used to make selections. It is
composed of a three-part display area called the File
Se I e clio n
Are a, and t h re e b u It 0 n s c a II e d \J @ 0 @ @ Q ,
ii:mQ@@IrI!l, and IIDlrnW0.
NOTE: For users of Commodore
64 and Apple

These terminal types are equipped with a liOQ
button instead of a IrD1!!J0 button. This button allows
you to use other access slots.
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OSI TGOBBBKWA
Employee Display Area
Primary Tank
Display Areo
-lIil---
File Selection Area
Other Tonks
Display Area
Battlefield
T.... ,, In
DlsPIOY Rreo
{N",,,,)
Diagram 3.2.1 -- Simulation Design Module (SDM)
3.2.2 Cybertank and Battlefield Files

The cybertanks and battlefield are selected from the
current disc using the File Selection Area and the \)@O@@Q
button as described below. You can change the current disc,
which is usually your 10 Disc, by Inserting another disc into
any access slot and selecting the ~OQ button until that disc
Is selected. The current disc's nome is always displayed in
the center port of the File Selection Area.
When selecting Primary Tonk or Other Tonks, the lower
port of the File Selection Area displays the names of the
cybertanks on the current disc. When selecting the
Battlefield, the names of the battlefields are displayed.
The upper port of the File Selection Area displays the
category: cybertanks or battlefields.
3.2.3 Selecting the Primary Cybertank
[Hamlne the File Selection Area. Notice that the first
cybertank Is displayed in reuerse type - it is highlighted.
There are two ways to change the highlighted file nome. (1)
If you are using a mouse or a joystick, you can select a file
nome by simply mouing the pointer ouer it and pressing the
OSI-TG-0888-KWA
button. (2) If you are using a keyboard, use the CURSOR-UP

and CURSOR-OOWN keys on your terminal. Note:
For
additional information on CURSOR keys, consult the
OSI/CRCO System 2 Reference Card under Simulation Design
Module -- File Selection Keys.
To make a selection, simply highlight the desired cybertank
or battlefield and click on the >l@O@J(ilU button. Try this now.
Make ALPHA the Primary Cybertank by highlighting "ALPHA"
and selecting the >l@O@a:U button. Notice that the PR I MRRY
TRNK display area on the left now displays RLPHR.
3.2.4 Selecting Other Cybertanles
Notice that the PRIMRRY TRNK plaque looles different than
the other plaques. The color of the plaque is reuersed
indicating that the PRIMRRY TRNK category is actiue.
Select the rtU@@Ii'~ button_ The OTHER TRNKS plaque is
now reuersed indicating that OTHER TRNKS is the actiue
category. Other Cybertanles can now be selected.
Other Cybertanks are selected the same way as the Primary
Cybertank. Select UIPER by highlighting "UIPER" and
choosing the >l@O@a:U button. The OTHER TRNKS display area
now shows "UIPER." Select the >l@O@a:U button two more
times. Notice that each time the button is selected, another
UIPER is added to the OTHER TRNKS display area. Now
highlight "RLPHR" again and select the >l@O@a:U button.
As you can see, this simulation will include fiue cybertanks.
The Primary cybertank is RLPHR, and the Other Cybertanks
consist of three UIPERS and one ALP HR.
Note: Duplicate cybertanks are allowed in simulations.

3.2.5 Selecting a Battlefield
Select the rtU@Ii'~ button to actiuate the BRTTlEFIELD
category. Notice that the File Selection Area now displays
battlefields instead of cybertank files. Highlight HOUSTON
and select the >l@O@a:U button. The BRTILEFIELD display area
now displays HOUSTON.
PART I: Training GuIde
OSI-TG-0888-KWA
3.2.6 Cybertank Teams

As previously mentioned, simulations can optionally involve
teams of cybertanks. This is an aduanced topic beyond the
scope of this Training Guide. After you become familiar with
standard combat, you may wish to pursue team scenarios.
Cybertank Teams are discussed in Part 5, Section 2 of the
Engineer's Handbook.
3_2.7 Sauing the Simulation Design
like cybertank designs, simulation designs haue code
names. For the purposes of this Training Guide, name the
simulation ALPHASIM.
Select SAUE SIMULATlDN DESIGN from the DESIGN menu.
The File Storage Panel (FSP) appears. Type ALPHASIM and
select the ~(lJI!Il@ button to saue the simUlation design onto
your disc. You are then transferred to the ECM.
Note: In order for the CSM to eHecute the simulation, the

Primary Cybertank, Other Cybertanks, and the Batl/efietd
all must be located on the some disc as that of the
simula tion design.
3.3
CONDUCTING A SIMULATION
Select START A SIMULRTlDN from the SIMULATE menu. The

File Retrieual Panel (FRP) appears. Select the ALPHAS 1M
simulation. The OSI/CACD loads the cybertanks (ALPHA and
UIPEA), the battlefield (HDUSTDN), as specified by the
simulation design, and transfers you to the CSM.
3.3.1 Starting a Simulation
Once transferred to the CSM, combat commences
automatically. Press the PAUSE key to temporarily stop the
simulation (refer to the OSI/CACD System 2 Aeference Card
to determine the appropriate key for your terminal type).
Your screen should resemble Diagram 3.3.1.
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OSITG0888KWA
,
,
.-
JL
l-
If
'~
os
~o
n.
II :.g
Diagram 3.3.1 - Combat Simulation Module (CSM)
3.3.2 Status Bars

A great deal of information is displayed in the CSM. The
large area to the left, called the Batllefield Display Area,
shows a relatiuely small portion of the batllefield with the
Primary Cybertank, ALPHA, in the center. The instrument
panel on the right contains seueral status displays.
There are SiH status bars on top of the instrument panel
(status bars are summarized in Table 3.3.2). The first is the
fuel gauge. The shaded section represents the fuel
remaining. As fuel is consumed, this area decreases in size.
When out of fuel, the status bar is completely empty.
The other fiue status bars are damage indicators. Initially,
each bar is empty, indicating no damage. As damage is
incurred, the bar begins to fill, mouing left to right. A solid
bar indicates 100'7. damage.
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OSI-TG-0888-KWA
Table 3.3.2
F - Fuel Remaining. Decreases as fuel is consumed. When

the cybertank runs out of fuel. all mechanical
functions cease.
I - Internal Damage. If internal damage reaches 100%,

the cybertank is totally destroyed.
A - Armor Damage. If armor damage reaches 100%, the
cybertank is totally destroyed.
T - Tread Damage. If tread damage reaches 100%. the
cybertank is immobilized.
S - Scanner Damage. If scanner damage reaches 100%. the
Cybertank Scanner System (CSS) fails and the
cybertank is unable to detect cybertanks.
W - Weapon Damage. If weapon damage reaches 100%. the
Cybertank Weapon System (CWS) fails, and the
cybertank is unable to fire.
3.3.3 Other Status Indicators
Below the SiH status bars, are seueral other indicators.
These will be discussed later.
3.3.4 Changing the Uantage Point
Note: This subsection contains references to the
Cyberfank Selection Keys. To determine which keys
should be used on your terminal, refer to the OS/ICIICD
System 2 Reference Card under Simulation Rction Keys.
Look again at the Batlletield Display Area. The Primary
Cybertank, ALPIIA, is displayed in the center. Press the
CYBERTANK SELECTION KEYS to change the uantage poinl.
The uantage point shifts to the cybertank number
designated by the selection key.
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OSI TG0888KWA
Our simulation includes three UIPERs and two RLPHRs. Press

the CYBERTRNK
SElECTION
KEYS and obserue the
battlefield from the uantage point of each of the fiue
cybertanks. The plaque below the Battlefield Oisplay Area
shows the name of the current cybertank.
3.3.5 The Satellite Uiew
The CSM can simulate a uiew from the OSICOM I satellite.
Select SATELLITE UIEW from the SIMULATION menu to see
a satellite uiew of the entire battlefield. The flashing blips
indicate active cybertanl<s in the simulation. When viewing
the Satellite transmission, you can obserue all the
cybertanks actions. To do so, press the PAUSE key to
continue the oction. After watChing the simUlation for a
while, press the PAUSE key again to pause the simulation.
To eHit the satellite uiew, simply press any key or click the
mouse or joystiCk button.
NOTE:

The square bOH surrounding a small portion of the
battlefield represents the region currently selected
in the Battlefield Oisplay Rrea. Note that the
cybertanks are automatically paused during the
Satellite uiewing mode. Simulations cannot operate
while uiewing the satellite transmission. Press any
key 10 return to Ihe close-up uiew.
3.3.6 Pausing and Resuming the Simulation

The simulator should now be paused lidle!. You can resume
operation by pressing the PAUSE key. The PAUSE key
loggles between idle and actiue. Press the PAUSE key now
and watch the simulation.
EHperiment with the controls 8S you watch the simulation.
Change your uontage point with the cybertank selection
keys. EHamine the satellite uiew by selecting SRTELLITE
UIEW from the SIMULRTlON menu.
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OSlo TG0888KWA
3.3.7 End of the Simulation

The battle simulation usually continues until only one
cybertank remains oliue with fuel; howeuer, if none of the
cybertanks move for an eHtended period of time, the
simulator will abort the battle, and declare it a draw. This
time-out feature prevents battles from continuing even
though the cybertanks cannot find and destroy each other.
When the simulation ends, a panel appears in the center of
the screen displaying the message, "SIMULATION COMPLETEO
PAESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE." Press any key.
n
3.3.8 Restarting the Simulation

Select RESTRRT THE SIMULlITiON from the SIMULRTlON
menu. The cybertanks are placed at new random locations
on the battlefield and the simulation begins again. To
illustrate the random placement of cybertanks, select
RESTRRT THE SIMULRTlON again and notice that RLPHR is in
a different place. As you can see, a simulation can be
restarted before it has ended.
:5.3.9 Co fte e Bre ale
CongratUlations. You have successfully designed and
authorized a cybertanlc (both chassis and AI), and designed
and conducted a simulation. You have completed a great
deal of training in a short time, and your accomplishments
have been noted. Your Supervisor says you can talce a
fifteen minute coffee break. At this time, select EH IT
SIMULRTlON from the SIMULlITiON menu to be transferred
baclc to the ECM.
as I TG0888KWA
PART I: Training GuIde
SECTION
BACK TO THE DRAWING BOARD

SECTION BRIEF
In this section you will return to the Design Control Module
(OCM) to improue your cybertank's Artificial Intelligence (AI)
through the use of the AI Module,
4.1
ENTERING THE AI MODULE
From the ECM, select DES I GN CYBERTANK from the DES I GN

menu, as you did in Section 2.0, "DESIGNING A CYBEATANK."
The OSI!CACD remembers the last cybertank design worked
on in the DCM, ALPHA, ALPIIA's AI is automatically loaded,
and you are transferred to the AI Module.
Note: There are several instances in which the OSIICRCD

will not load the cybertank design you last worked on. This
usually occurs when the OS/ICRCO is not able to locate Ihe
cybertank design in any of the available access slots. If
RLPHR does not load automatically, you must load it
manually by selecting LORD from the CYBfRTRNK menu.
4.2
THEAIMODULE
The AI Module is used to enter and modify AI designs. You

can odd new instructions, remoue old ones, change their
order, etc. The AI Module prouides great f1eHibility for the
cybertank engineer.
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OSITG0888KWA
4.2.1 HI Module Terminology

The material in this section uses terminology which mayor
may not be familiar to you. The following definitions will aid
in your understanding.
The edit window is the large area that displays the AI.
Characters are lellers, digits, punctuation, or spaces. TeMt
refers to the characters within the edit window. To insert
is to add characters to the teMt; to delete is to remoue
characters from the teHt. Editing is the process of altering
the teMt. The Insertion Cursor (lC) is the thin uertical bar
in the edit window.
4.2.2 MOiling the Insertion Cursor
You are currently in the FlI Module, and FlLPHff's FlI is visible
in the edit window. The IC is currently in the upper lefthand corner of the edit window, neMt to the word "Start."
The IC can be moued using either a mouse/joystick or the
keyboard as discussed below.
Using a Mouse/Joystick: Using a mouse/joystick, moue

the pointer, the small triangular arrow, to a position just
after the word "Start," and click. Notice that the IC has
moued to the pointer's position. Moue the pointer and click
to moue the IC anywhere in the edit window.
Using the Keyboard:
following CURSOR keys:
You can moue the IC with the
The CURSOR-LEFT key normally moues the IC one character

to the left. I f the I C is already at the beginning of a line,
CURSOR-LEFT moues it to the end of the preuious line,
The CURSOR-RIGHT key normally moues the IC one character
to the right. If the IC is already at the end of a line,
CURSOR-R I GHT moues it to the beginning of the neHt line.
The CURSOR-UP key normally moues the IC to the beginning
of the current line. If the IC is already at the beginning of
the line, CURSOR-UP moues it to the beginning of ,the
previous line.
I
OSITG0888KWA
The CURSOR-OOWN key normally moves the I C to the end of

the current line. If the IC is already at the end of the line,
CURSOR-DOWN will move it to the end of the following line.
4.2.3 Inserting TeHt
The IC indicates the point in the teHt at which characters
can be inserted or deleted.
Move the IC just to the
type the letters "i", "n"
You have just inserted
Type several spaces and
right of the words "Do Seek." Now

and "g". "Seek" becomes "Seeking."
the three characters ... i, n, and g.
notice how the I C moves.
TeHt can be inserted between any two characters. Move the

IC between the letters "t" and "a" of the label "Start."
Type "u" and "Start" becomes "Stuart."
4.2.4 Deleting TeHt
TeHt can be removed (deleted) one character at a time using
the DELETE key. Move the IC between the letters "s" and
"t" of the word "Destroy" in the line "00 Destroy". Press
DELETE three times. "Destroy" becomes "troy." Notice that
each time you press DELETE, the character to the left of the
IC is removed. The IC, and each of the characters to right of
it, move left to fill in the space.
4.2.5 Adding New Lines
Move the IC to the end of the teHt (just after the word
"Destroy") and press RETURN. The IC moves to the neHt line.
Type "New Line" and press RETURN. New lines can be added
anyWhere in the teHt.
Labels, such as "Start" (now "Stuart"), always begin in the
for left column. Other lines, howeuer, ere indented. Since
labels are less common than other lines, the AI Module
automatically indents each new line for you when you press
RETURN. Type "Other Line" and press RETURN.
To move the IC from the indentation column to the far left
column (j.e., remoue the indentation), press DELETE. To move
OSITG0888KWA
the IC from the far left column to the indentation column

(i.e., indent), press TAB.
Press RETUAN to skip a line. Press DELETE to move the IC to
the left column. Type "Label" and press AETURN. It is a good
practice to add blank lines above labels - it makes the AI
easier to read.
4.2.6 Double Lines
Some AI commands will not fit on a single line. Without
pressing RETURN, type this sentence: "This is an eHample Of
a line which is too long." The AI Module automatically
wraps your sentence to the neHt line. Notice that the
continuation line is indented further than the original line.
This feature also helps to make AI easier to read.
4.2.7 Outgrowing the Edit Window
Rt present, the teHt you are editing fits entirely within the
edit window. As you add more commands, the teHt will
eventually outgrow the size of the edit window.
Press RETURN. Notice that the label "Stuart" is no longer on
the screen. Type three or four more lines, ending each one
with a RETURN. One line disappears from the top of the edit
window each time a new line is added at the bottom.
Although some of your lines of AI are no longer visible, the
AI Module is still keeping track of them. You can see any
part of the A I using scrolling.
4.2.8 Scrolling
Scrolling can be thought of as moving the edit window up
and down to eHamine different parts of the teHt. You can
scroll with either a mouse/joysticl< or the I<eyboard. The
two methods are discussed below.
Using a Mouse/Joystick: You can scroll the teHt by
clicking anywhere on the scroll-bar located directly to the
right of the edit window. Clicking directly on the scroll-bar
will scroll the teHt several lines. Clicking on the small
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OSI' TG0888KWA
PART I; Training Guide
arrows direclly aboue and below Ihe scroll-bar will scroll

one line. By clicking on Ihe small plaque (or" Ihumbprinl" as
it is often called), you can drag the plaque 10 any location in
the scroll-bar. This thumbprinl represents the location of
the leHI currenlly uisible in Ihe edit window. For eHample, if
the edit window is displaying Ihe firs I few lines of leHl,
Ihen Ihe thumbprint will be al the uery top of the scrollbar. On the olher hand, if Ihe edit window is currenlly
displaying Ihe lasl few lines of teHl, Ihen the Ihumbprinl
will be al Ihe uery bottom of Ihe scroll-bar.
You can scroll the leHI by clicking on any of Ihe SiH
arrow buttons at Ihe righl side of the edit window.
The upward-pointing arrows moue the window
toward the beginning of Ihe leHl, and Ihe
downward-pointing arrows moue Ihe window
loward the end. There are Ihree sizes of arrows.
The smallest arrows scroll one line. The medium
arrows scroll seueral lines. The longest arrows
scroll to the beginning (or end) of Ihe leHI.
Using the Keyboard: You can always scroll teHI using the
SCAOll keys. See Ihe OSIICACO Syslem 2 Reference Card 10
delermine which keys 10 use on your lerminal.
4.3
WORKING WITH SECTIONS OF TEXT
The RI Module leIs you modify sections of leHl, such as a

words, lines, or paragraphs. You musl firsl select the teHI.
When selected, a section of leHt appears highlighled.
4.3. t Selecting TeHt
TeHI can be selected using either a mouse/joystick or the
keyboard. The two methods are discussed below.
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Using a mouse/joysticle:
To select teHt, moue the'
pointer to the neginning Of the teHt you wish to select,
press and hold the nutton down, and moue the pointer to
the end of the teHt section you wish to selecl. Once
selected, release the button.
Using the keyboard: To select, moue the IC to the
neg inning of the teHt you wish to select, press the MARK
key, then moue the IC to the end of the section of teHt (see
the OSI/CACO System 2 Reference Card to determine the
MARK leey for your particular terminal type).
In either case, the teHt is highlighted as it is selected. Try
selecting "Branch To" now.
Selected teHt is deselected when the I C is moued. If using
the keyboard, the teHt is not deselected until the MARK key
is pressed a second time.
EHperiment with selecting and deselecting words, lines, and
paragraphs. Notice that you can also select teHt
"backwards." In other words, you can negin selecting from
either end of the teHt section.
4.3.2 Deleting a Section of TeHt
When editing AI, you will occasionally want to delete a
section of teHI. You could moue the IC to the end of the
section and press DElETE many times to remoue the section,
nut there is an easier method.
To delete a section of teHt, simply select the teHt in the
manner preuiously described, then press DElETE. To
demonstrate, select "an eHample of" and press DElETE. The
sentence "This is an eHample of a line which is too long"
now reads "This is a line which is too long. "
4.3.3 Replacing a Section of TeHt
It is often desiranle to replace a section of teHt (typically a
word) with something else. You could delete the old teHt
end begin inserting new teHt. but, once again, there is a
netter method.
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To replace a section of teHt, select

replacement teHI. There is no need to
eHample, select "too long" and then type
il. The sentence now reads: "This is a line
it and type the

press DELETE. For
"short" to replace
which is short."
4.3.4 Cutting and Pasting TeHt

There will also be times when you need to rearrange teHI.
The AI Module allows a section of teHt to be remoued (Cut)
from one location and placed (Pasted) in another.
To cut, select and highlight the teHt. NeHt, select CUT from
the ED IT menu. The selected teHt is remoued from the edit
window and temporarily stored internally by the AI Module.
Note: Only the last cut or copied section
o(
teHt is stored.
To paste, moue the IC to the beginning of the new location

for the stored teHI. Select PASTE from the EDIT menu. Paste
inserts the stored teHt at the current location of the IC.
4.3.5 Copying and Pasting TeHt
Sometimes it is desirable to duplicate, or copy, a section of
teHI. The A I Module allows a section of teHt to be Copied
(without remouing it) and Pasted to another place.
To Copy, select the teHt to be copied. Select COPY from the
ED IT menu. The A I Module internally stores a copy of the
selected teHt, without removing the selected teHt (rom the
edit window.
To paste, moue the IC to the beginning of the new location
for the stored teHI. Select PASTE from the ED IT menu. A
copy of the internally stored teHt is inserted at the current
location of the Ie. Each time you select PASTE, stored teHt
is inserted. As you can see, it is easy to make multiple
copies of a section of teHt.
4.3.5 Undo
Special Note: The UNDO (eature is not supported on
Commodore 64 and Rpple //',c,e terminals.
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PART I: TraIning Guide
OSI-TG-OBBB-KWA
There will be times when you mistakenly delete portions of

AI and your suddenly realize the error of doing so. If you
immediately select the UNDO option from the EDIT menu,
then your last action will be undone. Please note that this
only works if you immediately select UNDO.
4.4
EDITING ALPHA
Congratulations! You now know almost everything there is

to know about the AI Module and are probably curious
about the plaques below the edit window. AelaH. Those will
be covered soon. For now, let's get on with editing ALPHA.
4.4.1 Aeloading ALPHA
The editing eHercises you completed in previous sections
left ALPHA's AI in an unusable state. Aeload ALPHA's AI by
selecting LOAD from the CYBEATANK menu. The File
Modification Panel (FMP) appears and tells you that unsaved
changes have been made to the current cybertank design. It
will ask if you want to "SAUE CHANGES TO RLPHA?"
Select the ~ button! If you select W@\l, your good copy of
ALPHA will be overwritten (replaced) by the edited one.
The OSI/CACO always informs you of current work that has
not been saved to disc. When another cybertank is loaded, it
will replace whatever is currently being edited. At present,
this is desired since the current design is unusable.
After selecting the ~ button, the File Aetrieval Panel (FAP)
appears and you can reload ALPHA.
4.4.2 Replacing a Capsule
One of the advantages of semicustom design is that
significant changes in the cybertank's behavior can be
easily incorporaled using different library Capsules.
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You may haue noticed that one problem in ALPHA's behauior

is that it spends so much time mouing that it does not haue
much time to scan. The result is that ALPHA often misses
"seeing" things.
The Seek routine currently used was designed to moue a
cybertanl< fairly quicl<ly. Search, another routine auailable
as a library CapSUle, puts more emphasis on scanning.
Modify ALPHA's AI by replacing Do Seek with Do Search.
You can do this by replacing a section of teHt ("Seel<") as
discussed in Section 4.3.3.

Capsule Aoutines are found on the RESOURCE disc.
4.4.3 Authorizing the new ALPHA

Each time a cybertanl< undergoes design modification, the
changes must be authorized. Re-authorize ALPHA by
selecting AUTHORIZE from the CYBERTANK menu. Oops, an
error. The Cybertanl< Authorization Module (CAM) reports a
problem: "The label SEARCH was not found in the following
line: 00 Search."
Select the !i:@IiJUOIiJIlJ@ button to 1001< for additional errors.
After the CAM eHomines the rest of the AI, you are then
transferred to the AI Module where you can mal<e
corrections to the problem.
What happened? There is nothing wrong with the command
"Do Search", but the routine Search is nowhere to be found.
I t is only ouoilable in the library Capsule named Search, and
that has not been included in ALPHA's AI. To solue the
problem, replace the line "Include Seel<" with the line
"I nclude Search".
4.4.4 Sauing the Design As Beta
At this point, uerify that ALPHA's AI is identical to the
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following. If necessary, edit the AI to make it match. It

should be pointed out that the case of the letters does not
matter (j.e., START is eQuiualent to Start).
Sta rt
Do Search
Do Destroy
Branch to Start
Include Search
Include Destroy
Before authorizing your cybertank, saue it to disc. This time,

select SAUE AS instead of SAUE from the CYBERTANK menu.
By selecting SRUE RS, you are able to choose a new name
for your cybertank design. Choose the name BETH by typing
BETA and pressing RETURN. You have now created an entirely
new cybertank design named BETA. Notice that the name
plaque at the top of the edit window displays BETA. RLPHA
has not been replaced; it is still on the disc and can be
recalled at any time.
NOH: For users of Commodore 64 and Rpple

Capsule Routines are found on the RESOURCE disc.
4.4.5 Authorizing BETA

Authorize your new cyberlank, BETA, by selecting
RUTHORIZE from the CYBERTANK menu. If the
authorization is successful, as it should be, return to the
EHternal Control Module (ECM) by selecting the OOIJ:~ button.
If the authorization is unsuccessful, please refer back to
Section 4.4.4 to verify your cybertank's AI.
You have now designed your first two cybertanks, ALPHA
and BETA.
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SECTION
REVISITING THE SIMULATION

SECTION BRIEF
This section reuisits the Simulation Design Module (SDM) and
discusses additional features of the Combat Simulation
Module (CSM).
5.1
MORE ABOUT THE CYBERTANK COMBAT SIMULATOR
Now that you haue a new cybertank, BETA, you need to

design a new simulation that includes it.
5.1.1 Deleting the Old Simulation Design
Simulation designs which are no longer needed can be
remoued from a disc to conserue space. You will not be
using ALPHRSIM anymore, so remoue il by selecling DELETE
A SIMULATION DESIGN from the SIMULATE menu. The File
Termination Panel (HP) appears. It is uery similar to the
File Retrieual Panel. Select ALPHASIM in the usual way and
select the IID@D@U@ button.
5.1.2 Designing the New Simulation
To begin your new simulation design, select DESIGN A
SIMULATION from the SIMULATION menu. Make the
following selections. (If you need a reuiew, refer back to
Section 3.2),
PRIMARY TANK
BETA
OTHER TANKS
ALPHA
VIPER
BATTLEFIELD
HOUSTON
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Select SAUE SIMULATION DESIGN from the DESIGN menu.

Saue the simulation under the name BETASIM. You are
automatically transferred to the ECM.
5.2
RUNNING THE SIMULATOR
To begin the simulation, select START R SIMULRTlON from

the SIMULATE menu. The File Retrieual Panel (FRP) appears.
Select the BETASIM simulation to be processed. Once the
cybertanks (BETA, ALPHA, and UIPER), and battlefield
(HOUSTON) are loaded, you are transferred to the CSM and
the simulation begins.
5.2.1 The Instrument Panel
The fuel and damage indicators haue already been
discussed. Seueral other instruments and lights also appear
on the instrument panel.
S L - Scanner Lock. This LED turns on when the cybertank
locks its scanner onto an object or enemy cybertank.
D S - Defense Shield. This LED turns on when the cybertank
raises its shield. It is off when the cybertank has its
shield lowered.
LD - Listener Device. This LED turns on when an enemy
cybertank has locked its scanner onto the cybertank.
The three lights aboue are used only when the cybertank is
equipped with specific special items. If the cybertank is not
equipped with the items, the lights are inactiue.
Also on the instrument panel is the Cybertank Directional
Indicator (COl). This indicator is directly left of the three
lights. It indicates which direction the cybertank is
currently facing, Bnd in which direction the scanner is
currently facing. (For specific details on the directional
indicator, see the OSI/CACO System 2 Reference Card).
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Directly below the directional indicator is the Cybertank

Uision Indicator (CUI) which depicts what the scanner is
"seeing." Objects and enemy cybertanks which are scanned
by the cybertank show up as blips on this indicator. (For
specific details on the Cybertank Uision Indicator, see the
DSI/CACD System 2 Aeference Card.)
Battle results are located at the lower right side of the
instrument panel. The numbers displayed are as follows:
T - Total number of battles to be simulated

B
Number of battles previously fought
S
Number of successful battles
A
Number of active cybertanks remaining
5.2.2 Watching the Simulation
At this point, you can sit back, relaH, and watch the
simulation. When you are finished watching the simulation,
select [HIT SIMULATION from the SIMULATION menu to
return to the [CM.
5.3
TIME FOR SOME R & R
CongratUlations. You are now fully qualified to design

semicustom cybertanks and simulations and your
accomplishments have been noted. You have completed
this portion of your training ahead of schedule.
The
Departmental
Manager has
granted you a two day
furlough. When you return, you will begin the final phase of
your training.
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SECTION
FULL CUSTOM DESIGN

SECTION BRIEF
This section describes the development of AI from the
ground up. It provides information on how cybertanks
operate, and are simulated. In addition, the Cybertank
Command language (CCLl is presented in more detail.
6.1
GENERAL INFORMATION
In the previous sections, cybertank AI was developed using

semicustom design techniques. Predefined sequences of CCl
commands, called library Capsules, were used as building
blocks in the AI construction. In this section, cybertank AI
will be developed using Full Custom Design techniques. The
AI is created entirely using individual CCl commands.
6.2
THE SIMULATED WORLD OF THE CSM
The CSM, like all simulators, attempts to approHimate a

real-world system by using an artificial model. As a
cybertank engineer, it is important for you to understand
the specific details of that model.
6.2.1 Battlefield Coordinate System
A battlefield is divided into a 64 H 64 grid of cells, each
representing an area equal to one square hectometer (hml.
Each cell contains one of several types of terrain, such as
grass, water, trees, bUildings, etc. The cells surrounding the
battlefield form an impenetrable wall which mark the
battlefield boundaries.
Each cell is identified by two numbers which are called its
'H' and 'yo coordinates (see Diagram 6.2.1). The H-coordinate
OSI TGOBBBKWA
specifies the cell's east-west position and ranges in ualue

from zero (west wall) to siHty-three (east wall). Similarly,
the V-coordinate specifies the cell's north-south position
and ranges in ualue from zero (north wall) to siHty-three
(south wall). Many CCL commands use these coordinates. It
should be noted that since the battlefield wall occupies the
outer edges of the battlefield, employees should only be
concerned with coordinate ualues from 1-62.
l~liijllw.lilli~~]lillll~ll!jlll~i~~'III~11
j~!rn~llill!11!IIjjfl1!!jjrrg~11!1.1jlllllijlll.!!1!jrill
Diagram 6.2.1 -
6~ ~
6.J battlefield grid
6.2.2 The Eight Standard Directions

Diagram 6.2.2 illustrates the eight standard directions. A
cybertank can moue, detect obstacles, and scan in any of
these eight directions. These eight directions represent the
45' angles of a circle.
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W-+~---:--I-E
s
Oiagr.lm 6.2.2 - The eight possible facing directions
6.2.3 Distance
Each cell is adjacent to eight other cells, one in each of the
standard directions. When calculating distance, any two
adjacent cells are considered to be one hectometer apart.
6.3
THE SIMUlATED CYBERTANK
As you have learned in your previous design eHperience, all

cybertanks haue standard equipment. The following
prouides insight into how these deuices are simulated.
6.3.1 Mouement
Mouement is simulated by changing the H- and Ycoordinates of the cybertank. A cybertank's mouement is
limited to the eight standard directions. Each moue of one
hectometer consumes a certain amount of time, which is
based on the weight of the cybertank and the speed of the
driue system.
051- TG-0888-KWA
6.3.2 The Mouement Sensor ond the Sconner

The cybertonk hos 0 built-in mouement sensor ond sconner.
Both deuices constitute ports of the Cybertonk Sconner
System (CSS), but they ore independent mechonisms ond
operote differently.
The mouement sensor, referred to os the Mouement
Obstruction Sensor (MOS), which con be oimed in ony of the
eight stondord directions, detects obstocles which con
impede the cybertonk's mouement. I t is limited to 0 ronge
of three hectometers ond couers 0 one degree oreo (0
stroight line) in the direction oimed. It couers 0 uery smoll
oreo. If more thon one obstocle eHists olong the line, the
MOS olwoys detects the one neorest the cybertonk.
The sconner con be instructed to find one of three things: 1)
an enemy cybertank, 2) the enemy heodquorters, or 3) the
neorest object. Mounted on 0 rototing bose, the sconner
con foce ony of the eight standard directions. It continues
to foce thot direction until it is instructed to rotate.
Sconners ore ouoiloble in 20, 35, ond 50 hectometer ranges,
with sweep ongles from 30 to 90 degrees. The sconner
connot "see through" 011 objects. Some objects block
sconner signols.
6.3.3 The Weopon System
Cybertonks con be equipped with uarious weopons. Eoch
weopon type hos its own choracteristics. All weopons houe
o mOHimum firing range of four (4) hectometers. They con
be fired ot enemy cybertonks, enemy heodquorters,
obstructions, ot the closest object, or at ony specific
location within ronge. For eose of design, they can olso be
fired in the direction the sconner is focing, or the direction
the cybertank is currently focing.
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6.4
ELEMENTS OF THE CYBERTANK COMMAND

LANGUAGE
As described previously, the Cybertank Command language

(CCLl is the language used to develop cybertank AI. Full
Custom Design incorporates the various CCl commands
individually to create the cybertank's AI. This subsection
reviews and defines some basic elements of the CCL.
The following are brief descriptions of the basic elements.
Do not be alarmed as they will be fully eHplained, with
eHBmples, later in this section.
6.4.1 labels
labels are used to designate the beginning of an AI segment
(or routine) that can be eHecuted using either the Do or
Branch commands. The label provides a way to reference
the segment of AI it names. In ALPHA and BETA, the label
Start names the entire AI for the cybertank.
Some of the characteristics of labels follow:
A label always begins flush with the left margin of

the edit window
A label is always on a line by itself
A label names the segment of AI that follows (up until
the next Label)
A label is usually referenced at least once by a
Branch or Do command
A label is a maximum of ten characters long
A label is defined by the designer, and can be almost
anything.
6.4.2 Reserved Words
The CCl commands, operators, and system variables are
"reserved" for specific purposes and cannot be utilized as
User Uariables (see Section 6.4.4). See AppendiH 1 for a list
of Reserved Words.
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6.4.~
System Uariables
System Uariables are used by the CCl for internal
operations and represent the state of the cybertank. They
may be used in computations, but cannot be altered. System
variables are very useful, and often necessary, in designing
cybertank AI.
EHamples include: TankH and TankY, which
specify the cybertanks coordinates; Fuellevel, the amount
of fuel remaining; and EnemyDist, the distance to the
enemy. See AppendiH 2 for a list of the System Uariables.
6.4.4 User Uariables

User Uariables are defined by the AI designer. Unlike System
Uariables, User Uariables can be altered. For eHample, you
might make up a user variable called FuelStarl. At the
beginning of the AI you could store the value of Fuellevel in
FuelStarl. later, you could subtract the current value of
Fuellevel from FuelStart to calculate how much fuel your
cybertank had consumed.
6.4.5 Action Commands
Action Commands cause the cybertank to perform a
mechanical action, such as firing the weapon or rotating the
scanner. These are, for the most port, self-eHplanatory.
6.4.6 Computation Commands
Computation commands, or logic commands, cause the onboard computer to perform computations such as arithmetic
calculations. These commands are processed quickly since
they do not involve mechanical activity.
Sequence Commands change the order in which commands
are processed. When {) simulation begins, the on-board
computer begins processing commands starting with the
first line in the cybertank's AI. Commands are normally
processed in order, beginning to end.
Sequence Commands can be used to alter the order, usually
to repeat a segment of AI. For eHample, the command
Branch to Start in BETA forces the on-board computer to
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OSITG0888KWA
"loop back" to the beginning of the AI. As another eHample,

Do Search causes the on-board computer to begin
processing commands in the routine labeled Search. At the
end of Search, another Sequence Commend, Resume,
causes the on-board computer to resume processing
instructions from where it left off, the line Immediately
following the Do Search line.
Decision Commands allow the cybertank's on-board
computer to make decisions. These commands always begin
with the word I f. The last part of a Decision Command is
actually a Sequence Command, only processed if a specified
condition is met.
6.5
THE CCL CONSTRUCTION PANEL
The CCL Construction Panel (CP) is helpful In Full Custom

Design. CCL commands can be constructed by simply
selecting the plaques on the CPo To get to the AI Module and
the CP, select DESIGN A CYBERTRNK from the DESIGN
selection menu. I f the File Aetrleual Panel (FAP) appears,
select RLPHR. Rt this point, you should be transferred to the
AI Module.
6.5.1 EHperimenting with the CCL

I f you are using a mouse or joystick, you can select the CP
plaques in the usual way -- by clicking on them.
If you are using the keyboard, you can use the CP as
follows: 1) Press the CONNECT key to connect to the CPo 2)
Use the CURSOA keys to highlight the desired plaque. 3)
Press AETUAN. 4) When you are through using the CP, press
the CONNECT key to disconnect from the CPo Check the
OS IICRCD Sys tern 2 Reference Card to de termine the
CONNECT key for your particular terminal type.
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OSITG0888KWA
Try the following eHample. Moue the Insertion Cursor (lC) to

the end of the teHt. Select the following plaques from the
CP located at the bottom of the screen:
MOVE
FORWARD
3
Notice that the command MOUE THNK FOHWHRD 3 has been
entered into the teHt. Now select these plaques:
ROTATE
TO ENEMY TANK
Notice that the command ROTHTE SCHNNER TO FHCE ENEMY
THNK has been entered. Now try one more eHample:
IF
WEAPON
WEAPON RANGE
ENEMY WITHIN
DO
At this point, the CP is prompting you to enter a label name.
Type in BlASTEM and press RETURN. Notice that the command
IF ENEMY THNK IS WITHIN RHNGE THEN 00 BlHSTEM has
been entered. The CP prompts you to enter label names,
variable names, or H-Y coordinates when needed to
complete a particular command.
Note: In all of the subsections below, User Variable

names are being referenced in the commands. They
are being used only as eHamples and have no
material relevance in the CCL. System Variables can
also be used in place of the User Variables in all of
the below commands.
RII User Variables are prin ted in upper and lower
case so they will stand out from the CCl commands.
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6.5.2 MOUE Commands

Cybertank mouement is accomplished by turning the
cybertank to face one of the eight standard directions and
then mouing it forward or bock. It is aduisable to use the
Mouement Obstruction Sensor (MOS) before mouing to auoid
collision damage.
MOUE commands can specify either a fiHed or uariable
distance for the cybertank to moue. A fiHed distance is
indicated by a number in the I to 62 hectometer range. A
uariable distance is specified by using a uariable nome.
When a uariable is used, the ualue of the uariable
determines the distance the cybertank will moue.
The CP can construct four different
commands. Try building each of these:
types
of M 0 U-E
MOVE TANK FORWARD 3

MOVE TANK FORWARD AdvanceAmount
MOVE TANK BACKWARD 2
MOVE TANK BACKWARD RetreatAmount
6.5.3 TUAN Commands
TURN commands change the direction the cybertank is
facing. There are seueral ways to turn the cybertank. Each
is discussed below. Try to construct each of the commands
with the CPo
The following two commands will fBce the cybertank in one
of the eight standard directions. For eHample, TUAN TANK TO
5 will turn the cybertank to face direction 5 (southwest). If
a uariable is used, the ualue of that uariable determines the
direction the tank will turn.
TURN TANK TO 7
TURN TANK TO NewBearing
The following group of commands turn the cybertank a
specified amount relative to its current heading. For
eHample, suppose the cybertank is facing direction 6 (west).
as 1-TG-0888-KWA
If the command TURN TRNK RIGHT 1 is processed, the

cybertank will be turned to face direction 7 (northwest).
TURN
TURN
TURN
TURN
TANK LEFT 1
TANK LEFT ThisMuch
TANK RIGHT 2
TANK RIGHT ThatMuch
The following commands turn the cybertank to face a

particular object or bailie field location. The on-board
computer calculates the direction that best approHimates
the actual direction to the object or location_
TURN TANK TO FACE ENEMY TANK
TURN TANK TO FACE ENEMY HO
TURN TANK TO Xcoordinate Ycoordinate
Finally, the cybertank can be turned to face the same
direction as its scanner.
ALIGN TANK WITH SCANNER
6.5.4 DETECT DBSTRUCTI DN Commands
The DETECT DBSTRUCTI DN commands tell the MDS to probe
in a specified direction the nearby cells on the balliefieid.
The effect is to set System Uariables which can then be
tested_ The System Uariables affected are ObstacleH.
ObstacleY. ObstacleType, and ObstacleDisl. These variables
provide the obstacle's location, type, and distance from the
cybertank. The cybertank can make decisions by testing
these variables with I f statements.
There are four types of DETECT OBSTRUCTION commands.
Each is listed below. Try constructing each with the CPo
DETECT OBSTRUCTION AT 4
DETECT OBSTRUCTION AT ThataWay
DETECT OBSTRUCTION AT TANK DIRECTION
DETECT OBSTRUCTION AT SCANNER DIRECTION
i-48
OSITG0888KWA
PART I: TrainIng Guide
6.5.5 SCAN Commands

The SCAN commands cause the scanner to scan an BreB
around the cybertank for a specified type of object. The

scanner
can
scan
for
enemy
cybertBnks,
enemy
headquarters, or the closest object to the cybertank. The

Brea scanned is dependent upon the scanner's mBHimum
range, sweep angle, and current direction.

The scanner cannot "see" through certain types of Objects
such as bUildings, and it is possible for an enemy cybertank
or headquarters to be hidden from uiew. The scanner's
uisibility may be improued by destroying interuening
Objects. For a complete list of Objects and obstructions and
their impact on the scanner, see AppendiH 3.
The effect of scanning is to set System Uariables which can
then be tested. This process is similar to that of the
mouement sensor. The System Uariables affected depend on
the type of scan performed.
When scanning for enemy cybertanks, EnemyH, EnemyY, and
EnemyDist are affected. These System Uariables prouide the
enemy's location and its distance from the cybertank.
When scanning for enemy headquarters, EnemyHQH,
EnemyHQY, and EnemyHQDist are affected. These System
Uariables prouide the headquarter's location and its
distance from the cybertank.
When scanning for the closest Object to the cybertank,
ObjH, ObjY, DbjType, and ObjDist are affected. These System
Uariables prouide the object's location, type, ond distance
from the cybertank.
The three S CAN commands
constructing each with the CPo
are
SCAN FOR ENEMY TANK

SCAN FOR ENEMY HEADQUARTERS
SCAN FOR CLOSEST OBJECT
j49
listed
below.
Try
051- TG-0888-KWA
6.5.6 ROTATE Commantls

ROTATE commantls change the tlirection the scanner is
facing. There are seueral ways to rotate the scanner. Each
is tliscussetl below. Try to construct each of the commantls
with the CP.
The following two commantls face the scanner in one of the
eight stantlartl tlirections. For eHample, AOTATE SCANNEA TO 3
will rotate the scanner to face tlirection 3 (southeast). I fa
uariable is usetl, the ualue of the uariable will tletermine
the tlirection.
ROTATE SCANNER TO 7
ROTATE SCANNER TO Old Bearing
The following commantls rotate the scanner a specified
amount relative to its current heading. For eHample,
suppose the scanner is facing direction 4 (south). If the
command ROTATE SCANNER LEFT 3 is processetl, the cybertanl<
will be turned to tlirection t (northeast).
ROTATE SCANNER LEFT 1
ROTATE SCANNER LEFT ThisMuch
ROTATE SCANNER RIGHT 2
ROTATE SCANNER RIGHT ThatMuch
The fOllowing commands rotate the scanner to face a
particular object or battlefield location. The on-board
computer calculates the standard direction which best
approHimates the actual tlirection to the object or location.
ROTATE SCANNER TO FACE ENEMY TANK
ROTATE SCANNER TO FACE ENEMY HQ
ROTATE SCANNER TO 5213
ROTATE SCANNER TO Xcoordinate Ycoordinate
Finally, the scanner can be rotated to face in the same
direction as the cybertanl<.
ALIGN SCANNER WITH TANK
i50
OSI TG0666KWA
6.5.7 FIRE Commands

Cybertanks can fire their weapon at specific objects,
balliefieid locations, or in a specified direction. When firing
at either an Object or a location, the direction of fire is not
limited to the eight standard directions; however, the
weapon has a maHimum range of four hectometers.
Rlthough the cybertank has an unlimited supply of
ammunition, the Cybertank Weapon System (CWS) must be
operational to use it.
The various FIR E commands
construct each with the CPo
are listed
below. Try
to
This command instructs the cybertank to fire its weapon at

an obstruction previously detected by the Movement
Obstruction Sensor (MOS).
FIRE WEAPON AT OBSTRUCTION

These commands fire at specific targets previously scanned
by the scanner. Important:
When firing at an enemy
cybertank, it is possible to miss since it may move ovt of

the way.
FIRE WEAPON AT ENEMY TANK
FIRE WEAPON AT ENEMY HQ
FIRE WEAPON AT CLOSEST OBJECT
These following commands fire at a battlefield location
specified by H- and V-coordinates.
FIRE WEAPON AT 23 46
FIRE WEAPON AT Xcoordinate Ycoordinate
The lest two commands cause the weapon to fire in 8
specified direction.
FIRE WEAPON AT TANK DIRECTION

FIRE WEAPON AT SCANNER DIRECTION
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os 1- TG-0888-KWA
6.5.8 Special Commands

The majority of speciel commends involve special
equipment which is not covered in this Training Guide. For
detailed information about their function, refer to eCl
Reference Guide in the Engineer's Handbook.
The special commands are listed below.
SELF DESTRUCT
LAUNCH REMOTE SCANNER
(requires the Remote Launcher)
RAISE SHIELD
LOWER SHIELD
(requires the Defense Shield)
JAM SCANNER SIGNAL
(requires the Jamming Device)
LOCK SCANNER
UNLOCK SCANNER
(requires the Scanner Lock)
REPAIR INTERNAL
REPAIR TREADS
REPAIR WEAPON
REPAIR ARMOR
REPAIR SCANNER
(requires the Repair Kit)
Decision Commands, also known as I F commands, are too
numerous to discuss individually. RII IF commands have the
following form:
IF <decision condition> THEN <sequence command>
i52
OSI TG0888K WA
When an IF command is processed, the decision condition is
tested. If the decision condition is met, then the sequence

commend is processed.
A few of the decision conditions ere listed below. The
sequence commend is either e BRANCH TO "Lebel" commend
or e 00 "Lebel" commend. Both ere discussed in the
following subsection.
TANK TREADS ARE NOT FUNCTIONAL
MOVEMENT IS OBSTRUCTED
TANK IS NOT FACING ENEMY TANK
TANK IS FACING ENEMY HQ
TANK is ALIGNED WITH SCANNER
FUEL IS EMPTY
SCANNER IS NOT FUNCTIONAL
SCANNER IS LOCKED
ENEMY TANK WAS FOUND
ENEMY HQ WAS FOUND
CLOSEST OBJECT WAS NOT FOUND
TANK IS NOT ALIGNED WITH SCANNER
WEAPON IS NOT FUNCTIONAL
ENEMY TANK IS WITHIN RANGE
ENEMY HO IS BEYOND RANGE
CLOSEST OBJECT IS WITHIN RANGE
REMOTE SCANNER IS AVAILABLE
SHIELD IS UP
REPAIR KIT IS UNAVAILABLE
Severel eHemples of the ebove decision commends follow:

IF TANK TREADS ARE NOT FUNCTION THEN BRANCH TO CantMove
IF ENEMY TANK IS WITHIN RANGE THEN DO Killit
In eddition to the IF commends discussed ebove, there ere

three other forms:
IF <var> <oP> <value> THEN <sequence command>
IF <var> <op> <var> + <value> THEN <sequence command>
IF <var> <oP> <var> - <value> THEN <sequence command>
i-53
as 1- TG-0888-KWA
<var> represents a variable. It can either be a System or User

Variable
<op> represents a relational operator. It can be any of the
following:
< (less than)
> (greater than)
(equal to)
<= (less than or equal to)
>= (greater than or equal to)
<> (not equal to)
<value> represents a value. It can be either a number, a
System Variable, or a User Variable
<sequence command> can either be a BRANCH TO "Label"
command or a DO "Label" command
Some eHamples of these types of IF commands follow:
IF TankY = 1 THEN BRANCH TO FoundTop
IF NewDamage > OldDamage THEN DO BeenHit
IF ScanDir = TankDir + 4 THEN BRANCH TO Watch Rear
IF EnemyDist <~ 4 THEN BRANCH TO FireAway
IF Delta <> NewVal - OldVal THEN BRANCH TO Error

AI Commands are normally processed in the order in which
they appear; howeuer, Sequence Commands can change the
processing order. There are three Sequence Commands:
BRANCH TO, DO, and RESUME.
The BRANCH TO command changes the processing order by
redirecting the on-board computer to a specified label.
Rfter encountering a BRANCH TO label, the on-board
computer processes the first command following the
specified label. 1\ will continue to process commands in
order from that point on. This can be used to form e loop, as
i54
OSI-TG-OBBB-KWA
in BRANCH TO STRRT, or to skip past a segment of AI.

BAANCH TO can also be written as GOTO.
The DO and RESUME commands work together. They are
used primarily with routines. In Section 2, 6 routine was
defined as "a seQuence of CCl commands which causes the
cybertank to perform a particular task."
To be more
precise, a routine is a seQuence of CCl commands beginning
with a label and ending with a RESUME command.
When the on-board computer encounters a DO "label"
command, it remembers the command's location within the
AI and then begins processing the commands following the
specified label.
When the on-board computer encounters a RESUME
command, it recalls the location of the DO "label" command
which called the routine and branches back to the command
immediately following the Do "label".
In summary, the DO command causes a routine to be
processed, and the RESUME command marks the end of the
processed routine.
6.5.11
Rssignment Commands
Assignment Commands alter the ualues of User Uariables.
These commands are used in the fallowing three forms:
<user var> = <value>
<user var> = <var> + <value>
<user var> = <var> - <value>
<user var> represents any User Variable.

<var> represents a variable. It can either be a System or
User Variable.
<value> represents a value. It can be either a number, a
System Variable, or a User Variable.
j55
OSITG0888KWA
W.hen an Assignment Command is processed, the User

Uariable on the left side of the equals sign is assigned the
ualue of the right side.
Some eHamples of Assignment Commands are as follows:
MyVariable = 100
NewCount = OldCount + 5
CountDown = CountDown DirTemp
TankDir
DeltaVal = NewVal . OldVal
All uariables haue ualues from 0 to 100. Any operation that
results in a number greater than 100 is automatically
assigned a ualue of 100. Any operation that results in a
number less than 0 is automatically assigned a ualue of O.
6.6
DESIGNING A CYBERTANK FROM THE GROUND UP
In preuious sections, predefined sequences of CCl

commands, called library Capsules, were used as building
blocks in AI construction. In this section, cybertank AI is
deueloped entirely from indiuidual CCl commands.
So for, you haue designed two cybertanks. You haue also
designed and eHecuted simulations. Hopefully, you are fairly
comfortable with the operation of the AI Module, the
Simulation Design Module (SOM), and the Combat Simulation
Module (CSM). tf you need further help with any of these
reuiew the appropriate section of this Training Guide.
6.6.1 Designing a Chassis
At this time, select NEW from the CYBEATANK selection
menu. When the OSI/CACO System 2 asks if you want to saue
the changes to Alpha, select NO.
When the File Storage Panel (FSP) appears, name your new
051 TGOBBBK WA
cyberJank GAM 1'1 A. Once in the AI Module, select I: HASS I S

from the I:YBERTANK selection menu to proceed to the
Chassis Design Module (1:01'1).
While in the COM, select whichever cybertank components
you like. Keep an eye on the credits remaining. Try not to
spend too much on any single item. Remember - you have a
lot to choose.
After selecting 6 A 1'1 1'1 A's Tank Class, Fuel I:ells, Drive
System, Weapon Type, and Scanner, you should proceed to
the AI Module.
6.6.2 A I:ybertank's Perspective
To successfully design a cybertank's AI, you must begin
thinking about all of the tasks a cybertank must perform.
You must begin asking yourself, "If I were a cybertank,
what would I do?" To answer this question, you should
ascertain eHactly what it is that makes a cybertank
function and then decide how to implement that function.
During most battle simulations, a cybertank must
accomplish three basic tasks to be effective; moving around
the battlefield, searching for an enemy, and eliminating the
enemy. Each of these tasks is covered in detail in the
following sections.
6.6.::1 Moving Around the Battlefield
like a baby, a cybertank must learn to walk before life
becomes very interesting. Movement is THE most basic
function used in cybertank operation.
Before tackling cybertank movement, try a simple
eHperimenl. Close your eyes and put your hands in your
pockets. Now try to walk around the room. If you are like
most people, you probably ran into a few walls, chairs, or
other obstructions. What you just did is visually
represented in Diagram 6.6.::1.1.
i-57
as 1- TG-0888-K WA
Moue
Forwerd
I
Diagri\ln 6.6.3.1 - Process flow of simple mo\'ement
As you cen see, the eboue process does not require eny
thinking other then thet used to moue forwerd. From the
eHperiment, you cen elso tell thet the process is not uery
effectiue. To moue more effectiuely, you should leaue your
eyes open and your hands out of your pockets. 1f thet were
the case, then the thought process could be depicted like
thet shown in Diagram 6.6.3.2.
Begin Here
Is Something
in my way?
NO
Can I moue
YES
NO
the
Obstruction?
YES
Moue the
Moue Forward
1-4------1 Obstruction
out
of my way.
Diagram 6.6.3.2 -Process flow of complex movcm'nl
i-58
Turn to one
side and try
again
OSI-TG-0666-KWA
The above diagram shows the flow of your thinking while

attempting to moue around a room.
To see how this flow diagram works, try a specific situation_
Suppose that you are in the corner of a room. To your left is
a wall and stmight ahead is a wall. So, starting at the top of
the diagram and following the arrows, you ask yourself "Is
something in my way?" The answer is "Yes, there is a wall
in my way", therefore, you follow the arrow labeled "YES"
and then ask yourself, "Can I move the obstruction?" Since
the obstruction is a solid wall, the answer is "No." Since the
wall cannot be moved, follow the arrow labelled "NO" and
you turn either to the left or right and repeat the process.
Since a cybertank cannot physically pick up and moue an
Object in its path, a commonly used technique is to attempt
to destroy it. If after shooting an obstruction it is still
intact, then it is known to be an indestructible Object (like a
wall, fortified building or water) and the cybertank must
moue around it.
The result of converting all the above ideas into cybertank
terminology is shown below in Oiagmm 6.6_3.3.
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OSI-TG-0888-KWA
Is Movement
Obstructed?
0.----YES
Fire at
Obstruction
NO
Move Forward
ENO OF
SMAATMOUE
NO_--<
Is Movement
s till
Obstructed?
YES
CD
'--O-b-s-t-ru-ct-i---'oLn-m-u-s-t-b-e-'
indestructable so turn
to a new direction and
try again
Diagram 6.6.3.3 --I'rocess flow of cybcrlank movement
Once you have determined the thought process for some

function, converting that process to CCL commands is a
fairly simple process. For eHample, the above flow diagram
can be written in CCL as follows:
A ==>
B ==>
C ==>
SMAATMOUE
OETECT OBSTAUCTI ON AT TANK 0 I AECTI ON
IF MOUEMENT IS NOT OBSTAUCTEO TIIEN BAANCH
TO GO
FIAE WEAPON AT OBSTAUCTION
i-60
OSI TG0666-KWA
DETECT OBSTRUCTION RT TANK 0 I RECTI ON

IF MOUEMENT IS NOT OBSTRUCTED THEN BRANCH
TO GO
TURN TANK LEFT 1
BRRNCH TO SMARTMOUE
0==>
E ==>
GO
F ==>
MOUE TANK FORWARD 1

AESUME
G ==>
The letters along the left side correspond to the circled

letters in the flow diagram. For eHample, the bOH labeled
"B" represents the instructions "DETECT OBSTRUCTION AT TANK
DIRECTION" and "IF MOUEMENT IS NOT OBSTRUCTEO THEN
BRANCH TO GO". You may haue noticed that the label "GO"
was included. This is because all bOHes that haue more than
one arrow coming into them need to be preceded by a label.
Since bOH "F" can be entered from bOHes "B" and "0", it
needs a label.
When deueloping an idea to use in a cybertank's AI, it is a
good idea to use the following three step procedure:
1.
2.
3.
Determine the thought process required for you

as a human to accomplish the goal.
Conuert your human thought process to that of
a cybertank. Always keep in mind the
limitations of a cybertank. In the aboue
eHamples, a person could haue picked up a chair
and moued it out of his or her path. A cybertank
does not haue the IUHury of arms with which to
physically moue objects;
therefore, a
cybertank must accomplish the needed action
the best way it can. Since a cybertank cannot
physically moue the obstruction, it would
attempt to shoot and destroy it.
The last step in deueloping an AI routine is
conuerting the thought process to CCl
instructions that the cybertank can understand.
I f you use the type of flow diagrams shown in
the above eHBmples, this conversion process
should be painless.
i-61
OSITG0888KWA
To aid in your design training. this three step procedure will

be used in the neHt two sections.
The aboue SMAATMOUE routine is going to be an integral part
of your first cybertank created from scratch. so go ahead
and enter it into the AI editor and AUTHORIZE it. When
Authorization is complete, proceed to the ECM. When the
File Modification Panel (FMP) asks if you want to saue the
changes you haue made to GAMMR. select \ill!:>').
Once you are in the ECM, proceed to the Simulation Design
Module (SDM) and design a battle simulation using your new
cybertank, GRMMA. Include all of the other tanks you haue
worked on in preuious sections of this Training Guide.
Choose Austin as the battlefield. Austin has a lot of trees
and buildings which GAMMA will haue to maneuuer around.
Saue the simulation design as GAMMASIM.
After designing the simulation, proceed to the Combat
Simulation Module (CSM) and select the GAM MAS I M
simulation design. If you did euerything correctly, you
should see GAMMA mouing around the battlefield. GAMMA
should be shooting its way through trees and small
buildings. but should be turning away from large buildings,
brick walls. and water. If GAMMA does not seem to
function correctly. go back to the AI Module and check the
AI you entered.
After watching GAMMA for a While, you will notice that it
does not search for enemy cybertanks and does not fight
back when an enemy attacks it. That is because no AI has
yet been designed to handle these situations. This is what
will be couered in the neHt section.
At this time, proceed back to the AI Module.
6.6.4 Searching for an Enemy
Searching for an enemy cybertank is actually one of the
easier tasks in designing AI. Think of a battle simulation as
a game of "Hide and Seek." Your cybertank is "IT" and all
i-62
OSITG0666KWA
the other cybertanks are somewhere out on the battlefield

hiding. I t is your job to find them.
I f you were" IT" in a game of hide and seek, how would you
go about finding the other players? If you are like most
people, you would go from area to area, always looking
around you for any sight of a head bobbing up from behind a
table or a foot slicking out from under the curtains. This
thought process is depicted in Diagram 6.6.4.1.
OS I TG0666KWA
look straight
ahead for any
sign of
someone.
Did you see
someone?
NO
Turn Slightly to
the left.
YES
Haue you already
looked this
direction?
NO
YES
Moue on to a
new area and

start looking
again.
DiOlgram 6.6.4.1 -- I'rocess flow of Hide and Seck
When conuerting the aboue process flow into cybertank

terminology, you must take into account the differences
between humans and cybertanks. Whereas a human has
eyes, a cybertank has a scanner mechanism. It uses the
i-64
OS ,. TG0666- KWA
scanner to "look" in a particular direction. If the scanner

detects an enemy cybertank, it informs the on-board
computer system just as the eyes would inform the brain
that a person has been seen hiding under a table. With this
in mind, the above human thought process cEln be converted
to cybertank terminology as shown in Diagram 6.6.4.2.
Look for an
Enemy Tank
Rotate the
Scenner
slightly to the
left
NO
Tank: Found?
Was an Enemy
YES
Has the Scenner
made 8 complete
circle?
YES
0' ,--''--------,
=:....j
L-
Perform
SMRRTMOUE
Diagram 6.6.4.2 -- Process flow of Cybcrtank Search
i-65
NO
OSITGOBBBKWA
There are seueral points regarding the cybertank thought

process that bear further discussion. The bOH labeled "F"
uses the SMAATMOUE routine which was designed in the
preuious section. It is analogous to the "Moue to a new
area and start looking again" bOH in the Hide and Seek
thought process. By mouing the cybertank forward (or
possibly off in a new direction due to obstacles), it is beller
able to couer a larger area of the battlefield in search of
enemy cybertanks than it would if it just sot in one place.
Going bock to the Hide and Seek eHample, if a human stayed
in one spot continually looking for people, the game would
never end.
Another item that warrants further discussion is BOH "E".
BOH "E" performs the some function as the "Haue you
already looked in this direction?" in the Hide and Seek
thought process. BOH "E" is only true (on answer of yes)
when the scanner has mode a complete 360' reuolution.
When this is true, BOH "F" will be performed and the whole
process will repeal.
Going bock to the Hide and Seek eHample, assume that your
head can rotate a complete 360' reuolution. If you walked
into a new area to search, you could continually scan the
area for people as you slowly rotated your head. As soon as
your head returned to its "normal" position (i.e., straight
ahead), you would know that you hod scanned the entire
area and could therefore moue on to another area. This
some type of procedure can be used with cybertanks. By
checking to see if the scanner is aligned with the chassis of
the cybertank, it is possible to determine if the scanner has
rotated 360.
With these facts in mind, the aboue cybertank search
process can be conuerted to CeL instructions as follows:
A
=~>
B
C
~~>
~~>
o =~>
SEAACH
SCAN FOA ENEMY TANK
IF ENEMY TANK WAS FOUNO THEN BAANCH TO
ENDSEAACH
AOTATE SCANNER LEFT t
i-56
OS I TGOBBB K WA
E ==}
==}
G ==}
Go ahead
Since this
"use" or
following
I F TANK I S NOT ALI GNEO WITH SCANNEA THEN

SEAACH
00 SMAATMOUE
BAANCH TO SEAACH
ENOSEAACH
AESUME
and enter this SEAACH routine into GAMMA's AI.
is EI "routine", we need 6 few instructions which
call it. You can accomplished this with the
lines:
STAAT
00 SEAACH
BAANCH TO STAAT
These lines should be the first instructions in GAMMA's AI.

Since the routine SEARCH eHits (or ends) when an enemy
cybertank is found, the BRRNCH TO START instruction is used
to send the cybertank's on-board computer back to the
beginning of the RI (the label STRRT).
With these three lines, the SMARTMOUE routine, and the
SEAACH routine entered into GAMMA's AI, GAMMA should be
able to moue around the battlefield searching for an enemy.
At this time, go ahead and AUTHORIZE GAMMA. If your
uersion of GAMMA did not AUTHORIZE properly, check your
AI commands to make sure you entered them correctly.
Once you haue an AUTHORIZEO uersion of GAMMA, proceed to
the Combat Simulation Module (CSMl. When the File
Modification Panel (FMP) asks if you want to saue the
changes you haue made to GAMMA, select 'i!'IH1.
When the CSM asks which simulation to use, you should
select GAMMASIM.
Once the simulation begins, you will see GAMMA mouing
around the battlefield. Since your cybertank's turret always
rotates with the scenner,
when 6 new direction is
specified, you should see GAMMA's turret turning in a
i-67
OS 1- TG-OBBB-KWA
counter-clockwise direction. If GRMMR happens to detect

an enemy cybertank, it will stop moving and continually
scan in the direction of the detected enemy cybertank. This
is because there is no RI in GRMMR that is designed to hunt
or track down an enemy. Rs soon as the SERRCH routine
detects an enemy cybertank, it eHits and the on-board
computer system returns to the line direclly after the "00
SEARCH" instruction_ Since the neHt instruction after the "DO
SERRCH" is a "BRRNCH TO STRRT" instruction, the on-board
computer system begins eHecuting the instructions direclly
after the label "START"_ Since the instruction direclly after
the label "STRRT" is "DO SERRCH", the computer system
directs RI eHecution to the routine SERRCH. The first
instruction in the SERRCH routine is "SCRN FOR ENEMY TANK".
At this point, there is a very good chance that the enemy
cybertank found earlier will be found again_ I f the enemy
cybertank is found again, then the SERRCH routine eHits, the
computer system directs AI eHecution back to the "BRRNCH
TO STRRT" instruction, and the process repeats. I n this
situation, GRMMR's on-board computer system will
continue this loop until the enemy cybertank moves out of
GRMMR's view. When (and if) the enemy cybertank moves
out of GRMMR's view, GRMMR will go back to its normal
scanning pallern until it detects another enemy cybertank.
To solve this problem, the neHt section describes the
creation of a "HUNT" routine.
Rfter watching GRMMR search for enemy cybertanks for a
While, proceed to the RI Module to create the last basic
function of a cybertank.
6.6.5 HUNTING THE ENEMY
Now that your cybertank is moving around the bailie field
and searching for enemy cybertanks, it is time to tackle the
last aspect of designing a cybertank from scratch -hunting down and destroying the enemy.
Going back to the eHample game of "Hide and Seek," assume
that you not only have to find the people hiding, but you
must also "tag" them before they make it back to home
base. Under this situation, you must ask yourself "Once I
i-68
OSITG0666KWA
have found someone, how do I get close enough to tag

him?" If you are like most people, you would move in the
direction in which you last saw the person. For eHample, if
you walk into a room and see someone in the back-right
corner, you will begin moving towards the back-right
corner. As long as the person stays in that corner, you will

continue mouing towards him. I f, however, the person sees
you coming and starts to run away, you would change your
direction of pursuit to follow the person. Once you move to
within arms-reach of the person, you would reach out and
attempt to "tag" him.
The above human thought process could be represented like
that shown in Oiagram 6.6.5.1
OSITG0666KWA
TAG
look to make
sure someone
is around
Did you find

someone?
YES
Is the person
close enough
to tag?
NO
Turn to face
Moue towards
the person
the person
YES
L-_--j Tag the person
Di.lgram 6.6.5.1 .. Human thought process of tagging an opponent
When conuerting the aboue human thought process to that

of a cybertank, you must remember that the purpose of the
cybertank is to destroy the enemy, not simply "tag" it.
i-70
as 1- TG-0888-KWA
Conuerted to cybertank terminology, the aboue Diagram

would look something like Diagram 6.6.5.2.
Look for the

Enemy Tank
(0
I s Enemy Tank
NO
still found?
-(r-E-~-~-N-~-f ~)
YES
Is Enemy Tank
within Weapon
Ronge?
{;\
0.-----. 0.--__---,
Turn Tank
NO
towards Enemy
I--"~
Tonk:
YES
\V r-_-L-W_--,
Fire Weapon at
the Enemy Tank:
Di.lgrall\ 6.6.5.2 .. Process flow of cyocrlank HUNT
i-71
Perform
SMAATMOUE
OSITGOBBBKWA
Your cybertank's HUNT routine will only be called when the

SEARCH routine (designed in Section 6,6.4) has succeeded in
detecting a cybertank. It should be noted that the HUNT
routine will abort if the enemy cybertank manages to elude
it. In other words, if the HUNT routine loses sight of the
enemy, it will abort and eHecution will go back to the
SEARCH routine.
I t should also be noted that a cybertank's weapon has a
maHimum range of four (4) hectometers, therefore a
cybertank must move very close to the enemy before firing
at it is practical.
Once the cybertank process flow is created, it can be
converted to actual CCl commands as follows:
A ==>
B ==>
C ==>
0==>
E ==>
F ==>
G ==>
H ==>
HUNT
SCRN FOR ENEMY TANK
IF ENEMY TANK WRS NOT FOUNO THEN BRANCH
TO HUNTOONE
IF ENEMY TRNK IS BEYONO WEAPON RANGE THEN
BRANCH TO CLOSE IN
FIRE WEAPON AT ENEMY TANK
BRANCH TO HUNT
CLOSE I N
TURN TANK TO FACE ENEMY TRNK
00 SMARTMOUE
BRANCH TO HUNT
HUNTOONE
RESUME
Go ahead and enter this HUNT routine into GAMMA's RI. Since
this is another routine, you need another instruction to "use"
or cell it when necessary. This is accomplished by inserting the
line "00 HUNT" before the "BRRNCH TO START" instruction at the
beginning of GAMMA's AI. The beginning of GAMMA's RI should
look like the following:
START
00 SERRCH
00 HUNT
BRANCH TO STRAT
j72
OSI TG0888KWA
With these instructions, the SMAATMOUE routine, the SEAACH

routine, and the newly created HUNT routine entered into
GAMMA's AI, GAMMA will now be able to moue around the
battlefield, search for enemy cybertanks, moue towards any
enemy cybertanks found, and attempt to destroy them. At
this time, go ahead and AUTHOAIZE GAMMA. If your uersion
of GAMMA does not AUTHOAIZE properly, check all of your AI
commands to make sure you haue entered them correctly.
Once you haue an AUTHOAIZED uersion of GAMMA, proceed to
the Combat Simulation Module (CSM). When the OSI/CACD
System Z asks if you want to saue the changes you haue
made to GAMMA, select 'i\'1l:\J.
When the CSM asks which simulation is to be used, you
should select GAMMASIM.
Once the simulation begins, you should see GAMMA mouing
around the battlefield searching for enemy cybertanks.
When GAMMA detects an enemy cybertank, it should turn to
face it and begin mouing towards it. Aemember, if an
obstruction blocks GAMMA's scanner the HUNT routine will
"giue up" and qUit hunting. At that point, GAMMA will
resume searching for other enemy cybertanks. Once GAMMA
finds a clear path to an enemy cybertank, it should moue to
within weapon range (4 hectometers) and then begin firing.
GAMMA will continue to fire at the enemy cybertank until
one of three conditions is met: t) GAMMA is destroyed, 2)
the enemy cybertank is destroyed, or 3) the enemy
cybertank moues in such a way that it is no longer detected
by GAMMA. Of course, the condition we are most interested
in is the destruction of the enemy cybertank.
After watching GAMMA search for enemy cybertanks and
(hopefully) destroy a few, pat yourself on the back for a job
j73
OSI-TG-0888-KWA
well done. You haue successfully designed and implemented

a cybertank from scratch. You haue seen whBt it takes to
create a cybertBnk without the use of Library CBpsules and
you haue done well. I f you keep in mind the three steps
outlined in the preuious sections in regards to creBting a
cybertBnk's AI, you will do uery well when creating future
cybertBnk designs. Remember to always ask yourself the
basic Question "If I were a cybertank, WhBt would I do?"
6.7
GOING AT IT ALONE
Now you are ready to design your own cybertBnks using the
Full Custom Design techniques discussed in the preuious
three sections. Use what you hBue leBrned to design the
best RI you can. Borrow ideas from other designs and add
your own. Remember to use the three step procedure
outlined in the aboue sections.
t>
Determine the thought process necessary for a

human to accomplish the tBsk.
2>
Conuert the human thought process to that of a

cybertank.
3>
Conuert the cybertank thought process to actual

CCl commands.
You will probably haue problems getting your first few

designs authorized. If this happens, do not pBnic. Check
your commands carefully and try again.
Once your cybertank design hBS been successfully
authorized, saue it. NeHt, you should create 8 new
simulation design using your new cybertank as the primary
cybertank, and with GRMMR, ALPHA, BETA, and UIPER as the
other cyberlanks. Choose B battlefield and saue the
simulation design.
Run the simulation and see how your new cybertank fares.
j74
OSI- TG-0888-KWA
If you do not like it, trBnsfer bBCk to the Design Control

Module (DCM) Bnd improue it. Testing your cybertBnk design
is the topic of the neHt section.
i-75
OSITGOBBBKWA
SECTION
TESTING A CYBERTANK
SECTION BRIEF
This section describes the Cybertank Test Module (CTM), the
primary diagnostic tool for design problems.
7.1
THE CYBERTANK TEST MODULE
OSI!CACD System 2 includes a facility used for testing

cybertanks known as the Cybertank Test Module (CTM).
The CTM is particularly helpful when a cybertank is not
behauing as the designer intended. Such discrepancies are
usually due to incorrectly formulated AI, and are known as
"bugs". The CTM is commonly referred to as the "debugger."
7. t.l Loading the Simulation Design
In order to test a cybertank, you must first haue a
simulation design in which the cybertank to be tested is the
Primary Cybertank. In this section, GAMMA will be tested
using the simulation design GAMMASIM.
To begin testing your cybertank, select TEST CYBERTANK
from the DESIGN menu. When the File Retrieval Panel (FRP)
appears, select GAMMRSIM.
7.1.2 The CTM Control Panel
After you select the simulation design to be used for
testing, the OSI!CACD loads the related cybertanks and
battlefield, then transfers you to the CTM. The CTM
automatically starts the simulation. The CTM is actually an
eHtensiuely modified uersion of the Combat Simulation
Module (CSM).
The CTM differs from the CSM in seueral ways. The
instrument panel has been replaced by a display area, and
the SIMULRTE menu has been replaced by the DEBUGGER
j76
PART I: TraIning Guide
OSI-TG-0888-KWA
menu. The CTM operates in one of two modes -- Trace

Mode and Status Mode. The mode can be toggled by
selecting and deselecting TRRCE MODE ON from the
DEBUGGER menu.
NOTE: If during the following sections of the Training Guide,
G R M M R gets destroyed, select RESTRRT from the
DEBUGGER menu.
7.2
TRACE MODE
When the CTM is in Trace Mode, as it is now, the display

area on the right side of the screen shows the cybertank's
RI. The upper part of this display area shows the cybertank
number and name (currently #01: GAMMA), and the label of
the section of AI currently being eHecuted. The lower part
of this display area shows the cybertank's "thoughts".
A great deal can be learned by watching the cybertank's
behauior on the battlefield while eHamining its AI being
processed. Trace Mode allows you to see the cybertank's
commands as they are being processed.
7.2.1 Pausing the Test
Press the PAUSE key to pause the test. The PAUSE key
works the same way in the CTM as it does in the CSM. That
is, pressing it toggles the pause mode on and off. See the
OSI/l:ACO System 2 Reference Card to determine the PAUSE
key for your particular terminal type.
7.2.2 Single Stepping
When the test is paused, pressing the STEP key causes the
test to run just long enough to process one CCl command,
after which the test remains paused. This allows you to
eHamine the A I and its effects one command at a time. This
feature is known as single stepping. See the OSI/CACO
System 2 Reference Card to determine the STEP key for
your parlicular terminal type.
EHperiment with pausing and single stepping now.
i-77
OSITG0888KWA
7.3
STATUS MODE
Status Mode lets you eHamine the cybertank's current

status registers. These status registers are comprised of
uarious System and User Uariables used by the cybertank.
User uariables and certain System Uariables can be altered
for testing under specific conditions.
7.3.1 Selecting Status Mode
Change from Trace Mode to Status Mode by deselecting
TRRCE MODE ON from the DEBUGGER menu. The display area
on the right side of the screen shows one of seueral
different pages of status registers.
Note: When Trace Mode is on, you will notice a check mark
in the Debugger menu. When Trace Mode is off, the check
mark is remoued.
Three groups of System Uariables are displayed on the
current page. Use the PAGE SElECT keys to uiew other
pages. Consult the DSI/CACD System 2 Reference Card to
determine which keys to use on your terminal.
7.3.2 Changing Status Registers
It is sometimes useful to change the ualue of a specific
status register while testing a cybertank. This can help you
check the cybertank's response to a particular situation.
Status registers can only be altered when you haue paused
the test.
Note: Not all of the status registers can be altered. Consult
Part 2, Section 5.5 of the Engineer's Handbook to determine
which registers can be altered.
To alter a status register, first use the PAGE SElECT keys
until the appropriote register is displayed. NeHt, select the
register by using either a mouse/joystick or the REGISTER
SElECT keys (consult the OSI/CRCD System 2 Reference Card
to determine which keys to use on your terminal). The
i-78
PART 1: Training Guide
osrTG0888KWA
current value of the status register is highlighted. Finally,

enter the new value using the I<eyboard end press RETURN.
Note: Most stetus registers heve restrictions on whet velue
can be entered. For eHample, the H-location of the
cybertanl< ranges from t -62. Entering a ualue larger then 62
is inualid.
EHperiment with changing status registers. Changing the H
location end Y location under TANK relocates the
cybertanl< to the new locotion entered.
When you are finished testing your cybertanl<, select EHIT
from the DEBUGGER menu. The OSI/CACO transfers you to
the ECM.
i-79
OS 1- TG-0888-KWA
SECTION
CLEARANCE EVALUATION
SECTION BRIEF
This section describes procedures used in obtaining a
Clearance Eualuation.
8.1
PROMOTION CRITERIA
Rs an OS I employee, you may request an eualuation at any

time. The Cybernetic Engineering oiuision of OSI uses
employee performance as the sole criterion for
aduancement. Promotions are accompanied by an automatic
Clearance Leuel upgrade and an increased bUdget.
To aid oSI management in making objectiue performance
assessments, an automated system for eualuating
cybertanks has been installed in the oSl/CRCo System 2.
When you request a Clearance Eualuation, you are required
to submit a cybertank design as an eHample of your work.
Your cybertank will be sUbjected to ten (10) simulated
battles - against a cybertank created by oSI, and on a
battlefield created by 051. If your cybertank design is
adequate (wins at least 7 out of the 10 battles), as
demonstrated by its success in combat, the Director will
approue your promotion.
8.2
REQUESTING A CLEARANCE EVALUATION
You may request a Clearance Eualuation electronically

through your terminal. Select CLERRRNCE EURLURTION
from the EMPLOYEE menu. The File Retrieual Panel (FRP)
appears. You should then select your best Buthorized
cybertank for eualuation.
i-80
PART I; Training Guide
OSITG0888KWA
8.3
THE EVALUATION PROCESS
After you haue selected your cybertank, the OSI/CACO loads

your cybertank, an OSI cybertank, and an OSI battlefield.
The OSI cybertank is your cybertank's enemy during the
eualuation. A modified uersion of the Combat Simulation
Module (CSM) is used to perform the eualuation. Most of the
functions of the standard CSM, such as the satellite uiew,
are auailable under the EUALUATI ON menu.
To complete the eualuation process as quickly as possible,
you can turn off the sound and graphics. It is aduisable,
howeuer, to eHamine the battles closely to identify the
enemy's weaknesses.
8.4
PROMOTION APPROVAL
When your eualuation is complete, an official OSI Employee

Eualuation Aeport is filed. The Printer Setup Panel (PSP)
appears and you can display the report on your terminal
screen or send it to your printer (if one is connected). For
more information regarding the PSP, please refer to the
OSI/CACO System 2 Aeference Card.
NOTE:
only:
For users of Commodore 64 terminals
The 051 Employee Eualuation Aeport cannot be

directed to a printer.
If your cybertank fared well (wins at least 7 of the 10

baltles), the report is stamped "Promotion Approued," and
your Clearance Leuel is raised accordingly. If not, do not be
discouraged. Your skills will improue with eHperience.
j8l
OSITG-0888KWA
8.5
TIME FORA VACATION
Congratulations. You are now conuersant in the basics of

cybernetics. You haue completed the OSI training program in
record time, and your accomplishments haue been noted.
The Oirector has granted you a two-week uacation. Enjoy it
if you can!
i-82
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
PART 2
MODULE REFERENCE
SYNOPSIS
This section is designed for new and eHperienced
employees. The Module Reference provides quick access to
all functions of the OSI/CACO System 2 operating
environment. All sections of the OSI/CACO System 2 are
covered in detail.
ii'
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
SECTION
Module Reference
EXTERNAL CONTROL MODULE

SECTION BRIEF
This section describes the menu commands and functions of
the EHternal Control Module (ECM).
1.1
ECM FUNCTION AND LAYOUT
The EHternal Control Module (ECM) is the launching point

for all modules in the OSI/CRCD System 2.
On the menu bar at the top of your terminal you will see
four selection menus. These are:
1I""'n Sl ...,u,
11'~ 1111011
I"
lI,u'llth,n" ,
Th.,
.,:m .. hn
"n.
.. .th ....
Ii""
'IOU.
"n,,"I1,,,.
Itllr,'
lli
lIl;ra~1 ,,,all!~ ~1
.. "~"t:lI
Diagram 1.1.0 - OSIICACD System 2 ECM menu bar
These selection menus represent gateways into other areas

or the OSI/CRCD System 2.
H-2
PART 2:
OSIMR71988AG
I.l.t
Module Reference
The SYSTEM Menu
Il~lln
lla",
J hop" ..""
,11"'-
f:;U~~~',:::,~~,.I""j,
1<101l, .. ', fur-unr'd ,,, iI

!-ll""fh,"!>
H"rll.ll
Chance " ... ".. ,."11,,1,,"'01',,, ,I", ",.,,(1""1.
Diagram 1.1.1 nSYSTEM Menu
This menu, represented by the cybertank icon, is referred to

as the SYSTEM Menu. The following functions are available
within it:
ABOUT OMEGA
Displays the copyright notice and the name of the principal
system designer.
KEYBOAAO
Selects the keyboard as your primary input device.
MOUSE
Selects the mouse as your primary input device.
JOYSTICK
Selects the joystick as your primary input device.
SpecilJl Note:
No t IJII input devices IJre supported
on IJII terminlJl types.
ii3
PART 2;
OSI-MR-719BB-AG
1.1.2
Module Reference
The EMPLOYEE Menu
:.5 .... ' ,._
"~Ela.1I!
.:..,.Ct .. "..!2!!cp Evalual;"n
1!5.,n'
lI .. llu Oan.
1 hilI''' 'IIIU ~
f~o~~::':';"b~"
1111111,,,,, lllrl'dl'cl la ;t
IIer" ... ~1I"l!th.n~
Chance !llln ..,."ll'! t .... "rs Ihl' ",."dlml.
Diagram 1.1.2 -EMPLOYEE Menu
NEW EMPLOYEE
Returns you to the Security Entrance Procedure at OSI's
main compleH entrance.
CLERRRNCE EURLURTION
Initiates an Employee Eualuation request for possible
promotion to a higher clearance leuel.
CONTINUE RN EURLURTION
Continues a preuiously saued Clearance Eualuation.
DELETE SRUEO EURLURTION
Deletes a preuiously saued Clearance Eualuation_ See
Section 9.3 for more information on using the File
Termination Panel (HPJ.
CRLL IT R DRY
Performs a security shutdown of your computer terminal
and unlOCKS your office door so you can leave. EHcessiue
early departures will be duly noted.
ii-4
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
I. 1.3
Module Reference
The SIMULATE Menu
Hillin (Jan,
I it" IDIIlllnll (" ........ d In ~~ .. Hln'" 1l1th
~:~~Gg~\I.
is gnt<e ,nil
II",""
In
It's 61111111'" tn bp. luriun.lll! 'hom
NislI.
Diagram 1.1.3 -SlMULATE Menu
START A SIMULATION
Inuokes the Combat Simulation Module.
CONTINUE A SIMULATION
Inuokes the Combat Simulation Module and continues a
preuiously saued simulation.
DESIGN A SIMULATION
Inuokes the Simulation Design Module.
PRINT SIMULATION STATS
Prints the uarious statistics of a simulation to your printer.
See Section 1.2 for detailed information.
DElETE A SIMULATION DESIGN
Deletes a simulation design that was created with the
Simulation Design Module.
DElETE SAUEO SIMULATION
Deletes a simulation that was saued from the Combat
Simulation Module.
jj-5
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
1.1.4
Module Reference
The DES I GN Menu
.~
.f"'I"""" 'S ..."lnl,"
I .
11 .. 110 D;ln,
I an Inllll,n.. fr, .... ard tu .m,.II.n'! .... th
'{I'll lullP'!.
rll"....bl!r
lI"re ...
so..ell"nll
h:I
It's belt"!,, la hI" fortunal .. than

".51!.
Di.'gr,lnll.1.4 -DESIGN Menu
DESIGN CYBERTRNKS
Inuokes the modules used to create and modify cybertanks.
TEST CYBERTRNK
Inuokes the Cybertank Test Module used to test cybertanks
in 6 simulation.
DESIGN BRTTLEFIElD
Inuokes the Battlefield Design Module.
DUPLI CRlI ON MDDULE
Inuokes the Data Duplication Module.
DELETE CYBERTRNK
Deletes a cybertank from a your 1D Disc.
ii-6
OSI-MR-71988-AG
PART 2:
1.2
Module Reference
SIMULATION STATISTICS
A very useful feature of the EeM is the ability to print

simulation statistics. At any time, you can choose this
option to uiew the uarious statistics for B simulation
design. Below is a sample printout of simulation statistics:
NUMBER OF TRNKS:
NUMBER OF BRTILES:
12
[CUMULATIVE RAN KINGS

TANK NAME
ALPHA
BETA
GAMMA
DINKY
2
3
1
1
1
1
J
6
Diagram 1.2 -. Simulation Statistics
The above eHample of Simulation Statistics tells us a

number of things. This eHample tells us that the cybertank
ALPHA was the most successful. ALPHA won 6 out of the 12
simulations. NeHt was BETA which won 4 our of the 12
simulations. These numbers are discouered by eHamining
the numbers along the column labeled" 1" _This column tells
us how many times each cybertank came in "first place."
The other columns tell us how many times each cybertank
came in all of the other places (second thru seventh placel.
By eHamining the Simulation Statistics for a given set of
battles, it is rather easy to determine each cybertank's
relative strength and effectiveness.
ii-7
OSI.MR.71988.AG
1.3
PART 2:
Module Reference
ELECTRONIC MAIL SYSTEM
Rn important feature of the ECM is its electronic mail

system (EMAIL). All OSI memorandums are posted through
the EMAil system. Additionally, it is important that key
personnel be kept abreast of world euents. The ECM will
brief you on current national and world euents, as well as
internal news bulletins. These news briefings, along with
OS I memorandums, are mandatory reading for all personnel.
iiB
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
SECTION
Module Reference
DESIGNING A CYBERTANK
SCTI ON BR I F
This section describes the OSIICRCO System 2 modules used
to create and modify cybertank designs.
2.1
GENERAL INFORMATION
The two main areas of cybertank design are: 1) the chassis,

and 2) artificial intelligence (AI).
The chassis includes the
components of a cybertank.
by your bUdget. The chassis
the Chassis Oesign Module
hardware and mechanical

Chassis design is limited only
is created and modified using
(COM).
Once a chassis is designed, the cybertank must be giuen the

intelligence to function. A cybertank's intelligence is limited
only by your skill as a cybernetics engineer. A cybertank's
AI is created and modified using the Artificial
Intelligence Module (AI Module).
051 authorization is mandatory for all cybertank designs.
Only those cybertanks that conform to 051 design
specifications EIre cleared for combat simulations.
Cybertank designs are authorized using the Cybertank
Authorization Module (CAM).
2.2
DESIGN CONTROL MODULE
The Design Control Module (OCM) is the ini1ial launching

poin1 for the Chassis Oesign Module (COM), Artificial
ii-9
PART 2:
OSIMR71988AG
Intelligence Module (AI

Module),
Module Reference
and
Cybertank
The DCM is entered by selecting DESIGN.A CYBERTANK from

the IllIHJO(OI;:J menu in the EHternal Control Module (ECM).
The DCM screen displays the designer's name, clearance,
and the current cybertank design, if one has previously
been loaded (see Diagram 2.2.0).
.X;.
r.
11...1 .."11
-[d.l"
.[",~..
,..
nSIJ'CIiCU SYSlln 2
[IHllfllll nnUlIll
UlflS1UII 2'l!'ti' l'l.:t
or~i1r."
("b,,''.mH llv-...."",.
SI,......
Sill'''''' '" C ,.u-""c;I!
SlllttOIlHD
Diagram 2.2.0 -- DCM
To design a new cybertank or edit on eHisting one, select

either NEW or LORD, both located within the CYBERTANK
menu. For a new cybertank, enter the name of the
cybertank to be created and press SAUE. You will be
transferred to the Chassis Design Module (see Section 2.3)
to create your cybertank's chassis. If you wish to edit an
eHisting cybertank, select the LORD option in the
CYBERTRNK menu. The selected cybertank is loaded and
you are transferred to the AI Module (see Section 2.4).
ij10
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
The neHt lime you enter the DCM, you are immediately
transferred to the AI module, with the last modified
cybertank design loaded. This default option is prouided for
your conuenience, since you will probably edit your
cybertank's AI instead of its chassis. If you wish to edit the
chassis, simply select the CHASSIS option in the
CYBERTRNK menu.
NOTE:
There are seueral instances in which the last
cybertank design will not be loaded. It usually occurs When
the design was not located in any or the auailable access
slots, If this happens, the design must be loaded manually.
The DCM, COM, and AI Module all share the same menus.
Different menu items are enabled or disabled depending
upon the module you are using. The menus are described in
this section. Features unique to each modUle are discussed
in the fOllowing sections.
(
2.2.t
The CYBERTANK Menu
..,.
." ....
,n
-;"
"
,.,.,
,
C'lh'"
II
In ,.
: 51E" i!.
l t1l1DUL(
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Diagr.lnl 2.2.1 -CYBERTANK Menu
iill
PART 2:
OSIMR71988AG
Module Reference
NEW
Allows you to create a new cybertank design. If selected,
the File Storage Panel (FSP - see Section 9.1) appears. Enter
the name of your new cybertank design and select the SnUE
button. You will be transferred to the CDM to design the
new cybertank's chassis (see Section 2.3).
LDAD
Lets you retrieue a preuiously saued cybertank design. If
selected, the File Retrieual Panel (FRP - see Section 9.2)
appears, Select the cybertank design you wish to load and
you are transferred to the AI Module (see Section 2.4).
SAUE
Stores the current cybertank design to your ID Disc.
SAUE AS
Allows you to saue the current cybertank design using a
new name. If selected, the FSP apppears. Enter a new name
for your cybertank design, It should be noted that the new
uersion of the design is totally separate from the original.
The original remains unchanged. After sauing, the new
cybertank design file becomes the working design.
CHASSIS
Transfers you to the Chassis Design Module (CDM) (see
Section 2.3),
AI
Transfers you to the AI Module (see Section 2.4).
AUTHDRI2E
Transfers you to the Cybertank Authorization Module (CAM)
for approual of your cybertank design in conforming to DSI's
specifications (see Section 2,6).
PR I NT
Prints the current cybertank design. The printout contains
the cybertank's chassis components and a complete listing
of its artificial intelligence. Aefer to the DS I /CACD System 2
ii-12
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Modul.e Reference
Reference Card for more specific printing instructions.

DELETE
Used for deleting cybertank designs from your 10 Disc. If
selected, the File Termination Panel (FTP - see Section 9.3)
appears with the names of all the cybertank designs on
your 10 Disc displayed. Highlight the name of the cybertank
design you wish to remove and select the DElETE button.
WAANING:
Once a cybertank design is terminated, it cannot be
recol1ered!
QU IT
EHits the DCM and returns you to the EHternal Control
Module (ECM).
2.2_2
The EDIT Menu
" 1",,,1'11'11('
(I~>1
"1:111:1'
t:tf51r.1I til,.
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Diagram 2...2.2 -EDIT Menu
CUT
Removes selected
temporary storage.
teHt
from
the
AI
and
places
it in
OSI-MR-719BB-AG
PART 2:
Module Reference
COPY
Places selected teHt into temporary storage without
remouing it from the AI.
NOTE: Only the lost saved teHt is kept in temporary

storage. When you cut or copy new teHt, previously
stored teHt is lost.
PASTE
Inserts all teHt in temporary storage at the current cursor
position. If teHt has been highlighted/selected, it is
replaced by the pasted teHt.
CLEAA
Remoues selected teHt from the RI without disturbing the
contents of the temporary storage buffer.
SElECT All
Selects all of the teHt in the AI.
EHPANOED TEHT
Toggles between the short command structure and the long,
uerbose structure when using the CCl Construction Panel
(CP - see Section 2.5). For eHample, the command "1 f Tank
Found Then Shoot becomes" If Enemy Tank Was Found Then
Shoot when EHPANDED TEHT is turned on. The default
setting is EHPANDED TEHT on, denoted by a checkmark
preceeding the EHPANDED TEHT menu item.
UNDO
Special No te: The UNOO feB ture is no t supported on
Commodore 64 and Rpple 11+,t,e terminals.
RI and your suddenly realize the error of doing so. If you
only works if you immediatelu select UNDO.
PART 2:
OSIMR71988AG
2.2.3
Module Reference
The CAPSULE Menu
'Edil'~
'1;'11""1."'11'
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I'll.!...
.
,
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Di.1gr,111l 2.2.3 ..CAPSULE Menu
Special Note: See Part 4 for a complete description

of the creation and use of RI Capsules.
NEW
Used to initiate the design of a new AI Capsule. When
selected, you are transferred directly to the AI Module (see
Section 2.4).
LOAD
Used to retrieve a previously saved AI Capsule. If selected,
the FAP appears. Highlight the desired capsule and select
the LOAD button. You are transferred to the A I Module (see
Section 2.4), with the selected capsule loaded.
(NCLUDE
Used to place an AI Capsule into your cybertanl<'s AI. When
selected, the FRP is displayed. Select the desired RI Capsule
and it will be inserted Elt the current cursor position.
SAUE
Used to save the current RI Capsule.
ii15
PART 2;
OSIMR71988AG
Module Reference
UERIFY
Used to check an RI Capsule for syntaH errors. This process
is analogous to the Authorization procedure used when
designing cybertanks, but no chassis design is required.
DELETE
Used to remoue AI Capsules from your 10 Disc. When
selected, the FTP displays the names of all A I Capsules on
your 10 Disc. Highlight the AI Capsule you want to delete
and select the DELETE button.
WARNING
Once an AI Capsule has been deleted, it cannot be
recouered!
PRINT
Prints a complete listing of the current AI Capsule to your
printer. Refer to the OSI/CACD System 2 Reference Card for
more specific instructions for printing.
2.3
CHASSIS DESIGN MODULE
2.3.1
GENERAL
The Chassis Design Module (COM) is used to create and
modify a cybertank's chassis, including its tank class, fuel
cells, driue system, weapon type, scanner, and assorted
special items.
A uaried selection of components prouides endless
possibilites for chassis design - limited only by bUdget
restrictions. Due to variations in price and attributes, it is
important to be selectiue with the components used in your
design. Some tank classes weigh more than olhers, some
weapons fire faster than others, etc. To assist in the design
phase, the attributes of each component are included in
tables in this section.
ii-16
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
You musl choose al leasl one of each componenl, wilh Ihe

eHceplion of Special Ilems. If you fail 10 equip your
cyberlank wilh one of each componenl, your cyberlank will
be useless and Ihus nol authorized for combat slmulalions.
Chassis design is limited by your bUdget. Your bUdget is
limited by your security clearance. Entry-Ieuel security
clearance is designated STANDAAD. There are ten clearance
leuels auailable to cybernetic engineers. Promotions to
higher clearance leuels are based upon the efficiency and
effectiueness of your cybertanks (see Section 6, CLEAAANCE
EUALUATlON). A budget of 1000 credits accompanies a
STANOAAD Clearance. Each successiue clearance leuel
increases your bUdget by 1DOD credits.
jj17
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
2.3.2 COM CoNTAolS

Upon entering the COM, the cybertank's general
specifications are displayed in the the Main Display Areo
(see oiagrom 2.3.2). These specifications can be displayed at
any lime by selecting the Specifications bullon.
ER
... r,
Main Display
Area
_ _-h-,,;shRrrwn f11
Component
Buttons
Credit Display
Area
Diagram 2.3.2 _. Chassis Design Module (COM)
Select any of the other component bullons (Tonk Closs,

fuel Cells,oriue System, Weapon Type, Scanner, or
Special Items) to display a list of specific options for that
component. Choose the desired component and the small,
circular bullon directly to the left of the item becomes
highlighted. With the eHception of Special Items, you can
select only one option per component. You can select all of
the options in Special Items (if you haue enough credits).
Selected items are designated by a small diamond
to the left of item, not a small, circular bullon.
ii-18
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
2.3.3 TANK ClASSES

Tanl< classes haue the following a\\ributes: weight, armor,
and water resistance. Weight affects mouement, and light
cybertanl<s moue faster than heauy cybertanl<s. Strong
armor offers better damage protection than light armor.
Only amphibious cybertanl<s can trauerse water without
damage. The following table itemizes the attributes of each
tanl< class:
TANK CLASS
WEIGHT
ARMOR
AMPHIBIOUS
Cougar X
Medium
Weak
No
200
Heavy
Weak
Ves
350
Sherman M7
Olympia
Bradley
M4
Mercury
Light
Weak
No
500
Medium
Average
No
Medium
Weak
Yes
650
750
825
Light
Average
No
Challenger
Heavy
Strong
No
M5 Turtle
Medium
Average
Britannia
Medium
Strong
Light
Strong
Ves
Ves
Ves
Centaur
Bentley
COST
975
1100
1500
2000
2.3.4 FUEL CELLS

Fuel is reQuired for all cybert8nk functions. The more fuel
cells a cybertanl< carries, the longer it will run. When a
cybertanl<'s fuel supply is eHhausted, no mechanical
functions will operate.
2.3.5 OA IUE SYSTEMS
The driue system controls all mechanical functions. Its
weight affects mouement and fuel consumption. The
heauier the driue, the slower the cybertanl< and the more
fuel it consumes. Driue system speed is rated from one to
fiue, one being slowest, fiue being fastest.
ii-19
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Speed
Weight
Module Reference
Light
Medium
275
Heavy
Heavy
400
Turbo
Medium
525
Light
700
Gyro
Heavy
900
Flux
1200
Drive
System
Light
Standard
Dual-Turbo
Cost
150
Medium
Fission
light
1500
Fusion
Medium
2000
Light
2500
Ion
2.3.6 WEAPON TYPES

Cybertanks can be eQuipped with only one weapon.
Weapons uary in their firing speed, damage capabilities, and
oreas of damage.
Weapons that use shells are slower than others, since they
must reload after euery shot. lasers do not reQuire any
reloading time and are the fastest weapons.
Projectile weapons (Piercing, EHplosiue, and High
EHplosiue) inflict medium damage on eHternal
instrumention. armor and

lasers create hauoc internally, but haue little effect on
eHternal components.
Gauss guns are electrical weapons that inflict heauy
damage on eHternal mechanisms (scanner, weapon, etc.),
but haue little effect on internal systems.
Plasma guns are eHtremely effectiue against armor, but
do little damage internally.
Nuclear weapons
cybertank systems.
cause uery heauy
ii-20
damage
to
all
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Damage
Module Reference
Damage
Cost
Speed
Amount
Piercing
Slow
Light
Ext. Armor/Instruments
175
Explosive
Slow
Lt-Med
250
High Explosive Anti-Tank
$Iow
Medium
Laser
Fast
Medium
Weapon
Turbo Laser
Area
Internal
Internal
475
675
750
Fast
Med-Heavy
Gauss Gun
Average
Heavy
Plasma Gun
Average
Heavy
Ex!. Armor
1300
Slow
Heavy
EXL/lnt.
'800
Nuke
Ex!. Instruments/Weapon
900
2.3_7 SPEC I RL ITEMS

Special items are optional and not required for
authorization. You can equip your cybertank with as many
special items as your bUdget allows_ Some special items
require accompanying logic in your cybertank's artificial
intelligence. Others are automatically actiuated when
placed in your cybertank's chassis. The following prouides
detailed information on each special item:
Energy Miser
Reduces the fuel consumption rate by approHimately 50'70.
This deuice can be actiuated without special Rl instructions.
Comm-link
Used to communicate with other cybertanks on your team.
In team combat, a cybertank without a Comm-Link is
unable to communicate with team members.
This deuice requires special RI instructions_ See Part 3,
Section 6 for more information.
Repair Kit
Multi-purpose repair kits can repair any damage to a
cybertank. There are only four repairs allowed per kit, so
use them wisely.
OSI-MR-71988-AG
PART 2:
Module Reference
This device requires special Al instructions. See Part 3,

Section 5.1 for more information.
Scanner lock
A normal scanner only identifies the current location of an
enemy cybertank and mouement cannot be detected unless
you perform multiple scans. You can lock onto an enemy
cybertank and track its mouement by using the Scanner
lock. By using this item, your scanner will rotate
automatically to face the enemy and is unaffected by your
cybertank's mouement.
You can unlock your scanner at any time. It unlocks
automatically if the target cybertank is destroyed or the
scanner's view is obstructed. In addition, an enemy
cybertank can unlock your scanner by disrupting your signal
with a Jammer (described below).
This deuice reQuires special AI instructions. See Part 3,
listener
Determines whether or not an enemy cybertank has locked
onto you with its scanner. Identifies the need to jam an
enemy signal.
Jammer
Used to jam an opponent's scanner signal once lock-on has
been discovered. The Jammer disrupts an enemy's scanner
signal and forces it to unlock. A listner deuice need not be
installed for the Jammer to function.
OSI-MR-71988-AG
PART 2:
Module Reference
launcher
This deuice launches 0 remote sumner into the air. A remote
scanner links your Cybertank Scanner System (CSS) with the
OSICOM I satellite. Once linked, you are relayed the
locotion of the enemy cybertank nearest you.
Remote scanners remain airborne only briefly and are

destroyed upon impact with the ground. Each launcher is
equipped with only four remote scanners and should be
used wisely.
This deuice requires special AI instructions. See Part 3,
Oefense Shield
This offers additional protection against enemy cybertanks.
Although damage is greatly reduced with the shield up, it is
not eliminated.
You can raise and lower the shield at any time, but a raised
shield restricts the use of other systems - the scanner
range is cut in half, fuel consumption increases, and most
importantly, the cybertank is unable to fire its weapon. All
systems function normally when the shield is lowered.
This deuice requires special AI instructions. See Part 3,
Accelerator
Increases the processing speed of a cybertank's on-board
computer. logic operations are twice as fasl. An
Accelerator does not speed up mechanical cybertank
operations, such as mouement or scanner rotation.
No AI instructions are required for this deuice.
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
2.4
Module Reference
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODULE
2.4.1
GNRRl
A special Cybertank Command language (CCL) was
deueloped to aid in the design of a cybertank's artificial
intelligence. The creation of a cybertank's AI is performed
using the Artificial Intelligence Module (AI Module).
The AI Module contains a full-featured teHt editor. CCl

commands can be entered from the keyboard or with the
CCl Construction Panel (CPl (see Section 2.5). Once entered,
commands can be edited using cut, copy, paste, insert and
delete functions.
AI design can be facilitated using predesigned AI library
Capsules. library Capsules are self-contoined segments of
artificial intelligence that perform isolated functions. You
can modify eHisting library Capsules or creale new
Capsules using the AI Module. See Pari 4 for more
information on library Capsules.
2.4.2
TH I NSRTI ON CURSOR
All teHt, whether entered by keyboard or with the CP, is
inserted at the thin uertical bar referred to as Ihe
Insertion Cursor (IC). You can moue the IC anyWhere in
the edit window by mouing the mouse/joystick pointer and
clicking the button. In addition, you can moue the IC with
the following CURSOR keys (please refer to the OS I /CRCO
System 2 Reference Card to determine the appropriate keys
for your terminal Iype):
The CURSOR-LEFT key moues the IC one character to the

left. If the IC is al the beginning of a line, CURSOR-LEFT
moues it to the end of the preuious line.
The CURSOR-RIGHT key moues the IC one character to the
right. If the IC is already at the end of a line, CURSOR-RIGHT
moues it 10 the beginning of the following line,
ii-24
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
The CURSOR-UP key moues the IC to the beginning of the

current line. If the IC is already at the beginning of a line,
CURSOR-UP moues it to the beginning of the preuious line.
The CURSOR-DOWN key moues the IC to the end of the
current line. If the IC is already at the end of the line,
CURSOR-OOWN moues it to the end of the following line.
2.4.3
Inserting TeHt
The purpose of the IC is to indicate the point in the teHt at
which characters can be inserted or deleted. TeHt can be
inserted between any two characters. To insert teHt, simply
moue the IC to the position at which you want to start
adding teHt and begin entering the teHt you want to inser\.
2.4.4 Deleting TeHt
TeHt can be remoued one character at a time using the
DELETE key. Each time you press DELETE, the character to the
left of the IC is remoued. Characters to the right of the IC
moue left to fill in the gap.
2.4.5 Rdding New lines
New lines can be added anywhere in the teH\. Labels always
begin in the far left column. Other lines are indented. Since
labels are less common than other lines, the RI Module will
automatically indent each new line when you press RETURN.
To moue the IC from the indentation column to the far left
column (Ie., remoue the indentation), press OELETE. To moue
the IC from the far left column to the indentation column
(ie., indent), press TAB. Please refer to the OSI/CACD System
2 Aeference Card to determine the TAB and DELETE keys for
your particular terminal type.
2.4.6
Scrolling
You can scroll the teHt by clicking anywhere on the scrollbar located directly to the right of the edit window. Clicking
directly on the scroll-bar will scroll the teHt seueral lines.
Clicking on the small arrows directly aboue and below the
scroll-bar will scroll one line. By clicking on the small plaque
(or "thumbprint" as it is often called), you can drag the
ii25
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
plaque to any location in the scroll-bar. This thumbprint

represents the location of the teHt currently uisible in the
edit window. For eHample, if the edit window is displaying
the first few lines of teHt, then the thumbprint will be at
the uery top of the scroll-bar. On the other hand, if the edit
window is currently displaying the last few lines of teHt,
then the thumbprint will be at the uery bottom of the
scroll-bar.
NOTE:

You can scroll the teHt in the edit window by
clicking on any of the SiH scroll arrows at the right
side of the edit window. The upward-pointing
arrows moue the window toward the beginning of
the teHt, and the downward-pointing arrows moue
the window toward the end. There are three sizes
of arrows. The smallest arrows scroll one line. The
medium-sized arrows scroll seueral lines. The
longest arrows scroll all the way to the beginning
(or end) of the teHt.
You can also scroll the teHt using the SCROll keys.
There are SiH scroll keys, one for each of the scroll
arrow buttons. See the OSIICRCO System 2
Reference Card to determine which keys to use on
your terminal.
2.4.7 SElECTI NG TEHT

You can select and edit sections of teHt, such 6S words,
lines, or paragraphs. Selected sections of teHt appear
highlighted.
TeHt can be selected by dragging the mouse/joystick from a
beginning selection point to an end point. Moue the pointer
to the beginning of the teHt you wish to select, press and
hold the button down, and moue the pointer to the end of
the teHt section. Then release the button and the teHt will
be highlighted.
ii-26
OSI-MR-71988-AG
PART 2:
Module Reference
To select teHt with the keyboard, moue the IC to the

beginning of the teHt you wish to select, press the MAAK
key (refer to the OSI/CACO System 2 Reference Card for
keyboard control of the AI Module), then moue the IC to the
end of the teHt. TeHt is highlighted as it is selected.
When using a mouse or joystick, teHt is deselected by
mouing the Ie. With the keyboard, teHt is deselected by
pressing the MAAK key a second time.
2.4.8 Deleting a Section of Tellt
To delete a section of teHt, select the tellt by using one of
the methods discussed aboue lit will be highlighted) and
press DUElE.
2.4.9 Repillcing II Section of Tellt
To replace a section of teHt, simply select it and type the
replacement teHt. There is no need to press DUElE.
2.4.10 CUlling and Pasting Telll
You can easily rearrange seclions of lellt using the Cui and
Pasle funclions. You can remoue (CuI) a selected seclion of
teHt, like a sentence or paragraph, and moue it 10 anolher
localion (Paste).
To CUI, select the desired tellt section and choose CUT from
the ED IT menu. The selected tellt is remoued from the edit
window and stored internally by the A I Module.
To Paste that section into a new location, moue the IC to a
position that marks the beginning of the insertion. Select
PASTE from the EDIT menu. The teHt you stored (CuI) is
inserted at the Ie.
OSI-MR-71988-AG
PART 2:
Module Reference
2..4.11
Copying and Pas ling TeHI
You can duplicate (copy) a section of teHt and place it in a
new location. This function does not remoue selected teHt
from its current location in the edit window.
To CoPY, select a section of teHt and choose COPY from the
EO IT menu. A duplicate or copy of the selected teHt is
stored internally by the AI Module.
To Paste, moue the IC to a position that marks the
beginning of the insertion. Select PASTE from the EO IT
menu. A copy of the stored teHt is inserted at the current
location of the Ie. You can continue to paste that section
into new locations by mouing the IC and selecting PASTE
from the EDIT menu.
WRRNING: R cut or copied section of teHt is only

stored temporarily. Each time you cut or copy a
new section of teHt, any previovsly stored feHf is
remol/ed from internal storage.
2.4.12
UNDO
Special Note: The UNDO feature is not supported on

Commodore 64 and Rpple //+,c,e terminals.
AI and you suddenly realize the error of doing so. If you
only works if you immediately select UNDO.
2.5
USING THE CCL CONSTRUCTION PANEL (CP)
The CCl Construction Panel (CP) can assist in the design of a

cybertank's AI. The panel, located at the bollom of the AI
Module screen, prouides access to as I command language
intructions. Using the CP, you can easily incorporate any of
the instructions into your cybertank design.
PART 2:
osrMR71988AG
Module Reference
If you are using a mouse or joystick, the CP is always

enabled when using the teHt editor. I f you are using the
keyboard, you can use the CP as follows: (I) Press the
CONNECT key, (2) Use the CURSOR keys to highlight the
desired plaque, (3) Press RETURN. When you are done using
the CP, press the CONNECT key to disconnect from the CPo
Please see the OSIICRCD System 2 Reference Card to
determine the CO NECT, CURSOR, and RETURN keys for your
particular terminal type.
The CP is a series of plaques corresponding to specific
cybertank functions (see Diagram 2.5.1 below). Moue the
pointer to the desired function and click on the plaque .
.... "nli_
I1fJUI;
lOr.nll
'Ed,t r: .. '''11 n'
'11101 f"1:1
fnll
....
'!iI'E1:rJlL'
'1l11IltU:1l
Diagram 2.5.1 - AI Module Construction J'.'nc! (CI'I
The plaque marked Special is used to implement special

items and instructions (eH: Self Destruct instruction). The If
plaque prouides all conditional instructions. The blank
plaque skips a line in the RI teHt editor.
The CP guides you through all the combinations of
instructions authorized by OSI for cybertank design. The CP
ii-29
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
is critically important if you are unsure of the instructions

needed to implement a design element. The CP can simplify
the design process.
For eHample, you want to make your cybertank moue, but
are unsure of the specific command language needed to
implement mouement.
Select the Moue plaque. The panel now displays Forward
and Backward plaques, since a cybertank can only moue in
those directions. Select one of the plaques and you will be
taken to the neHt step in the design phase for mouement.
For eHample, click on the Forward plaque. The panel now
displays a a series of number plaques. The number plaques
are used to specify the amount of forward mouement. The
plaque marked '1' represents one hectometer, '2' equals two
hectometers, and so forth. There is also a plaque marked
Uar that lets you specify a system or user uariable as the
number of hectometers, [This should only be used by
aduanced users familiar with uariables.)
Select the plaque marked I. In the teHt editor, you will see
the AI computer type out 'Moue Tank Forward 1 '. You
haue just instructed your cybertank to moue forward by
one hectometer.
As you can see, selecting a series of plaques results in the
appropriate instruction being included in your cybertank's
AI. The AI computer automatically types the instruction into
your teHt editor and resets the plaques on the CPo
Some commands reqUire that you enter a label or uariable,
or decide between a "BAANCH TO" and a "00" structure. For
eHample, see Diagram 2.5.2
ii-3D
PART 2:
OSIMR719BBAG
ttR~2:J.~fO~5 OBs1RUCTED
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IF
Module Reference
THE"
~llUr- r DRll'lIlO
I
OHRIlI:Il In IRIlHSEnROI
CHRIlGEOIR
If
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Diilgr.1m 2.5.2
Partially completed AI line using the CP
In the above diagram, the bottom left portion of the screen

shows the two options: "BRANCH TO" and "DO". You can
select either of these options before entering the label.
RII "IF/THEN" commands need either a "BRANCH TO" or "DO"
and the entry of a label. (For more information on using
uarious commands, see Part 3 of this handbook.) Once you
haue chosen the appropriate instruction and selected
"BRANCH TO" or "DO", you should enter a routine name
(called a "Label") .
The best way to become familiar with the CP is simply to

play around with it. Most plaques are self-eHplanatory.
NOTE: You can always re turn to the previous series 0 f
plaques by clicking anywhere on the CP (eHcept a plaque).
This is eHtremely helpful if you have mistakenly selected
an incorrect plaque.
You can return to the main series of plaques by clicking
anyWhere in the teHt editor.
B-31
OSI-MR-71988-AG
2.6
PART 2:
Module Reference
THE AUTHORIZATION MODULE
Once you haue selected your cybertank's chassis and

designed its AI, you must Authorize it. This process checks
the Chassis for design flaws, and compares your list of AI
instructions against those approued by OSI.
Ouring the authorization procedure, OSI notifies you of
unacceptable instructions. Once notified of an unauthorized
instruction you can resume the procedure (to receiue
notification of all other errors), or abort authorization
altogether. When an error eHists in instructions, you are
automatically returned to the AI module for corrections. If
{I
problem occurs in your chassis design, you are
transferred to the Chassis Design Module (COM).
Your cybertank design must be authorized by OSI before it
is ollowed on a battlefield. If your cybertank design does
not pass Authorization, refer to AppendiH 5 for a complete
list of all Authorization errors and their possible remedies.
Once your design has been approued, OSI creates a
cybertank ready for battle. Once the cybertank is created,
you are giuen a choice of whether to eHit to the [CM or
return to the design module,
When you return to the design module, the design used to
inuoke the authorization process is displayed. You can then
make additional modifications, saue the cybertank design,
or quit.
WHRNIN6: Huthorizing your cybertlJnk's design does
!'illI. Slwe the design to your 10 Disc. You must save

the design yourself.
NOTE: Whenever you use the cybertank editor to modify a
design, you must obtain authorization for the design
changes, If you fail to re-authorize a design and enter a
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
.battle, the cylJertank will use its old chassis and HI and not
the modified design.
ii33
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
SECTION
Module Reference
SIMULATION DESIGN MODULE

SECTION BRIEF
This section describes all ports of bottle simulation design.
3.1
SDM FUNCTION AND LAYOUT
The Simulation Oesign Module (SOM) is used to select the

field of bottle and designate authorized cybertanlcs for
combat. Any authorized cybertanlcs can be selected for
bottle. You can also specify that duplicate cybertanlcs
compete against one another. After simulation design, the
bottle begins.
To gain access to the SOM, select OESIGN A S I MULRTI ON
from the SIMULATE menu.
Oiagram 3.1.1 illustrates the SOM display. The employee's
nome and clearance leuel is shown on the left side of the
screen. Also on the left side of the screen are three areas
labeled PAIMARY TRNK, OTHER TRNKS, and BATTLEFIELD.
The selected cybertanlc and battlefield names are displayed
in this area.
In the bottom right corner of the screen, are three buttons
labeled SELECT, CATEGOAY, and OAIUE. The SELECT button is
used to designate cybertanlcs and/or a battlefield. You must
select a PRIMRRY TANK before selecting other cybertanlcs
or a battlefield. The CRTEGOAY button is used to access the
PAIMRRY TRNK, OTHER TRNKS, and the BRTTLEFIELD
selections. The DRIUE button is used to change the actiue
access slot (disc driue).
.<
PART 2:
OSIMR71988-AG
NOTE:
Module Reference
11+,t,e terminals only:

These terminals are equipped with a SLOT button
rather than a DRIUE button. By pressing the SLOT
button you are able to access additional access
slots (or disc drives) that may be connected to your
terminal.
The three areas in the upper right are unlabeled information

areas. The upper area displays your current selection
category - either Tanlc Files or Battlefields. The middle
area identifies the disc in the active access slot. In most
cases, your employee identification disc is identified. The
information displayed in the third area is based on the
current selection category. The Tanlc Files category shows
all authorized cybertanlcs on the active DISC; the
Battlefields category shows all battlefield maps found on
the current disc.
.~.
employee
UisPlilY nrc.,
Prima!"!) Tilnk
lJisnlay lIreil
U"r..'HI
r.-'f.. ,."".,,01 L I;HlIl.f;I:!i=,~
t- !ilfl~3HHJl
'!lRW
GUilI,wMm!Jll
,--,ita,;,
-OJTT
\1
Ottler Tanks
Oispltly nrc.,
Ik.v"
l
I
Bailiefieid
OisplilY nrCi)
I:
ltllUSllJl1
Diagram 3.1.1- Simulation Design Module (SDM)
i i -3 5
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
NOTE: When designing a simulation, the selected battlefield

and cybertanlcs m u s t reside on the same disc. I f the
necessary data files are on different discs, the Combat
Simulation Module (CSM) displays an error message. For
information on how to copy data files from disc to disc, see
Section 8.
Additional options are auailable under the menu heading
called DES I GN:
Diagram 3.1.2- DESIGN Menu
SElECT CYBEATANKS is used to designate the cybertanlcs

you want included in the battle simulation.
SElECT TEAMS is used to specify cybertanlc teammates. You
are allowed two teams with as many as seuen cybertanlcs
per team. See Section 3.2 for more information.
POSITION HEADQUARTEAS is used to designate the position
of the headquarters on the map. See Section 3.3 for more
information.
jj36
PART 2:
osrMR-71988AG
Module Reference
LOAD SIMULATION DESIGN

Special Note: On Commodore 64 and Rpple //+,c,e terminals
the LORD Sl1'1ULRTlDN DESIGN feature is not supported.
This is used to retrieue a preuiously saued Simulation
Design. If selected, the FAP appears. Highlight the desired
Simulation Sesign and select the LOAD button. At this point,
you can edit any part of the design.
SAUE SIMULATION DESIGN saues the current simulation
setup to your 10 DISC. You must select a primary tank, at
least one other cybertank, and a battlefield before you can
saue a design. SElECT
TEAMS
and PO SIT ION
HEADQUAATEAS are optional.
EH IT SETUP eHits the SOM and returns you to the ECM.
When selecting cybertanks, note that the primary
cybertank is the only one which .can be fully tested and
analyzed in the Cybertank Test Module (CTM, see Section SJ.
3.2
SELECTING TEAMS (OPTIONAL)
You are allowed two teams in a battle simulation with a

maHimum of seuen cybertanks per team. I f you select more
cybertanks than you place on teams, the remaining
cybertanks will compete indiuidually. Auailable cybertanks
that haue not been placed on a team are listed on the right
side of the screen.
The SWITCH TEAM button toggles
cybertanks for TEAM I and TEAM 2.
between
selecting
INIT TEAM remoues all cybertanks from the currently

selected team and places them on the auailable list.
The SElECT TANK button places the highlighted cybertank
onto the currently selected team.
ii-37
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
3.3
Module Reference
POSITIONING HEADQUARTERS (OPTIONAL)
When designing team simulations, you can position a

headquarters for each team. This headquarters is an
important target for enemy cybertanks. When competing in
a simulation that includes a headquarters, there are two
routes to uictory: 1) terminate all opposing team-members,
or 2) destroy the enemy team's headquarters. As you can
easily see, protecting your team's headquarters is of
paramount importance.
The positioning headquarters option is not auailable until
you specify a battlefield and select team members.
NOTE: R headquarters is NOT necessary in order to compete

with teams.
Diagram 3.3 shows the screen used to position a
headquarters building (terrain features may uary depending
upon the battlefield you select).
ii-38
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
Diagram 3.3 -- Positioning a Headquarters Building
The left side of the screen shows a section of the

balliefieid with a headquarters building centered in the
display. Use the scroll arrows on the right side of the screen
to position the headquarters. The currenlly selected team
number (lor 2) is shown with the current coordinates of its
headquarters in the area aboue the scroll arrows. The TERM
1 and TERM 2 bullons on the lower right are used to toggle
between the two teams. (Please see the OSI/CACO System 2
Reference Card for information about using the keyboard.)
NOTE:
R headquarters
indestructible Objects.
cannot
be
moved
through
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
SECTION
Module Reference
COMBAT SIMULATION MODULE

SECTION BAIEF
This section describes obseruing a simulation and analyzing
the performance of your cybertank.
4.1
CSM FUNCTION AND LAYOUT
The first step in starting a simulation is to select the

simulation design you want to use. All
selected
cybertanks and the battlefield MUST reside on the
SAME disc (see Section B for information on how to copy
data files from one disc to another).
Select STAAT A SIMULATION from the SIMULATE menu. The
File Retrieual Panel (FRP) is displayed with a list of
simulation designs found on the current disc. Highlight the
desired design and select the LOAD button_ You are
transferred then to the Combat Simulation Module (CSM).
Arter the OS I/CACO loads the cybertanks and bat t1efield, the
simulation will begin.
4.2
GENERAL COMMANDS
At the start of the simulation. the Battlefield Display Area

displays the cybertank selected as the "Primary Tank" in
the center of the display area.
To uiew the other
cybertanks, use the Cybertank Selection Keys_ The neHt
cybertank is centered in the display area with the name of
the cybertank displayed directly below the display area_ If
a crater or destroyed tank is displayed in the center of the
area, then that cybertank has been destroyed.
ii-40
OSI-MR-71988-AG
PART 2;
Module Reference
To pause the action, press the PAUSE. Press it again to

resume the simulation.
The SELECTION and PAUSE keys can be found in your
OSI/CACO System 2 Aeference Card.
4.3
The right side instrument panel displays the gauges for a

selected cybertank. The gauges are defined as follows:
F
1
A
T
S
W
SL
DS
LD
Fuel level
Internal damage (AI Computer, Engine)
Armor damage
Tread damage
Scanner damage
Weapon damage
Scanner Lock (off = unlocked; on = locked)
Defense Shield (off = down; on ~ up)
Listener Device (on ~ being scanned)
Directly to the left of the scanner lock LEO is an indicator,

known as the Cybertank Directional Indicator, that shows
the direction the cybertank is facing and the direction the
scanner is pointing (for specific details on the Cybertank
Directional Indicator, refer your DSI/CACO System 2
Aeference Card).
The instrument below the Cybertank Directional Indicator
depicts what the scanner is "seeing" (for a complete
description of the Cybertank Uision Indicator, see your
OSI/CACO System 2 Reference Card).
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
The lower right of screen prouides four categories of bottle

information. The categories are:
T
8
S
A
Total number of battles to be simulated

Number of battles previously fought
Number of successful battles
Number of active cybertanks remaining
When a bottle is ouer, the results are recorded to disc. This

running tabulation is retained as long as the specific
simulation design eHists.
4.4
OTHER OPTIONS
The options below are ouoiloble from the Simulation menu:
Diilgr.un 4.4 .. SlMULATION Menu
AESTAAT
SIMULATION is used to start the
simulation ouer again. All battles simulated
cybertonk uictories are cleared.
ii42
current
and all
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
SET NUMBER OF BATTlES is used to select the number of

battles per simulation. I f more than one battle is selected,
the simulation automatically starts each successiue battle.
The simulation ends when all battles are completed.
POSITION CYBERTRNKS is used to manually position the
cybertanl<S in the simulation. You can moue a cybertanl< to
a new location or turn a cybertanl< to face a new direction.
Select the large dot between the scroll arrows to toggle
between POSITION and OIAECTlON, then use the arrows for
mouement or rotation. Select Restart to begin the
simulation using the new positions.
SATELLITE UIEW prouides an ouerhead uiew of the
battlefield as seen from the OSICOM I satellite. The entire
battlefield is shown with the cybertanl<s appearing as
flashing blips. When uiewing the Satellite transmission, you
can obserue all the cybertanks' actions. To eHit the satellite
uiew, press any key or clicl< the mouse or joysticl< button.
NOTE:
For users of Commodore 64 8nd Rpple
/ /+,c,e terminBls only:
in the Battlefield Display Area. Note that the
cybertanl<s are automatically paused during the
Satellite uiewing mode. Simulations cannot operote
I<ey to return to the close-up uiew.
OISPLRY CYBERTRNK NUMBERS displays the cybertanl<s as

numbers. The numbers correspond to those shown when the
CSM loaded the cybertanl<s from your 10 Disc at the
beginning of the simulation. Select this option again to
return to the normal cybertank uiew.
OISPLRY GARPHICS is used to toggle the Battlefield Display
Area on and off. When the Battlefield Display Area is off,
ii-43
OSIMR71988AG
PART 2:
Module Reference
the speed of the simulation is increased and the baIlie time

is decreased.
SOUND ON is used to toggle your terminal's speaker on and

off. When the speaker is off, simulation speed increases.
SAUE SIMULATION is used to saue a simulation in-progress,

You can restart a saued simulation. Terminated cybertanks
are not re-actiuated until the start of the neHt bat lie.
EHIT SIMULATION eHits the CSM and transfers you back to

the ECM.
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
SECTION
Module Reference
CYBERTANK TEST MODULE

SECTION BRIEF
This section detoils the operotion of the Cybertonk Test
Module (OM).
5.1
CTM FUNCTION AND LAYOUT
The Cybertonk Test Module (OM) disploys AI instructions

during 0 bottle simulolion instead of the instrument pone I
shown using the Combot Simulotion Module (CSM).
Instructions are uiewed one at a time and you cen observe
the internol stotus of 0 cybertonk to track its reoction to 0
specific command or situation. Instructions Elfe uiewed and
tested in Troce Mode. Uorious cybertonk stotus registers
can be edited in Stotus Mode.
To use the OM, select TEST R CYBERTANK from the OESIGN
menu. The File Aetieuol Ponel (FRP) will oppeor. Highlight the
desired simulotion design ond select the LOAD bulton. You
ore tronsferred to the OM. After the OSI/CACD loods the
specified cybertonks ond bottlefield, the testing will begin.
5.2
GENERAL COMMANDS
At the slort of the simulotion, the Bottlefield DisPloy Areo

shows the cybertonk selected os the "Primory Tonk" in
the center of the disploy oreo.
To uiew the other
cybertonks, use the Cybertonk Selection Keys. The neHt
cybertonk is centered in the Bottlefield Oisploy Areo with
the nome of the cybertonk oppeoring directly below the
disploy area.
If 0 crater or destroyed cybertonk is
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
displayed in the center of the area,

been destroyed.
Module Reference
that cybertank has
To pause the action, press the PAUSE key. Press it again to

resume the simulation.
The locations of the S[L[CTION and PAUSE keys can be
found in the OSIICACD System 2 Aeference Card.
5.3
OTHER OPTIONS
The options below are accessed from the Debugger menu.

A[STAAT is used to start the current simulation ouer again_
SATHLIH UI[W prouides an ouerhead uiew of the
battlefield is shown with the cybertanks appearing as
can obserue all the cybertanks' actions. To eHit the satellite
uiew, press any key or click the mouse or joystick button.
NOH:

key to return to the close-up uiew.
SOUND ON toggles your terminal's speakers on and ofr.

With the speaker off, the simulation speed is increased.
TRAC[ MDD[ ON toggles between Trace Mode and the AI
PART 2:
OSIMR-71988AG
Module Reference
Status Mode (see Sections 5,4 and 5.5, respectiuely), The

default setting is Trace Mode, which is represented by a
check-mark preceeding the TRRCE MODE ON option.
EHIT eHits the CTM and transfers you back to the ECM.
5.4
TRACE MODE
Diagram 5.4 represents the screen displayed when A I Trace

Mode is actiuated (details in AI and terrain may uary), Trace
Mode is used to obserue specific instructions during a
simulation and their effect on the selected cybertank.
l~ltt:
gnC Efl
---~--------_.
otn~hHu~RliII
--
Ir apS1RIJi.1F.a
~1I11" IIflRlle
III
JURH Lcrr 1
II[A\fite~I"~RHH
IF
1I11!;IRIl~TED
~~~tt fiR II II 10
Diagr.ml 5.4 - eybertank Test Module
(CT~I)
When the CTM is in Trace Mode, the display area on the

right side of the screen shows the cybertank's A I. The upper
part of this display area shows the cybertank number and
name, and the label of the section of AI currently being
eHecuted. The lower part Of this display area shows the
ii-47
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
cybertank's .. thoughts." I t should be pointed out that only

the RI of the tank selected as the Primary Tank in the
Simulation Design Module (SDM) can be shown. For security
reasons, the AI of all other tanks in the simulation cannot
be shown.
A great deal can be learned by watching a cybertank's
behauior on the battlefield while eHamining its AI being
processed. Trace Mode allows you to see the cybertank's
commands as they are being processed.
Press the PAUSE key to halt eHecution of the AI. The PAUSE
key works the same way in the CTM as it does in the CSM.
That is, pressing it toggles the pause mode on and off. See
the DSI/CACD System 2 Reference Card to determine the
PAUSE key for your particular terminal type. When the test
is paused, pressing the STEP key causes the test to run just
long enough to process one CCl command, after which the
test remains paused. This allows you to eHamine the AI and
its effects one command at a time. This feature is known as
single stepping. To determine the STEP key for your
particular terminal type, see the OSI/CACD System 2
Reference Card.
To return eHecution to full speed, press the PAUSE again.
By watching a cybertanks AI, you can gain a great deal of
insight into logic and cybertank control_ For eHample, if you
are eHperiencing problems with a firing routine (eH. routine
named "SHOOTIT"), then let the AI eHecute at full speed
until you see the label" SHOOTlT" displayed. Press the
PAUSE key to halt eHecution and then single-step through
the firing routine to eHamine the eHecution of the AI
instructions closely.
ii-48
PART 2:
OSIMR71988AG
5.5
Module Reference
STATUS MODE
Diagram 5.5 represenls Ihe screen display for Ihe Slalus

Mode. Use Ihis mode 10 change Ihe uarious cyberlank
slatus regislers.
"t-
I
I
(J.p'';'
,~~~f
tor
.. It
nl:,'
,',f
.. l~"
i
~.
,II'
'.f'
..,
'H
n'
f"
It
~"
:flt>
11,1
reI.,'
.fl"."
I,
II
11
f~hm
t', .....
I.: :;;~:~;"
U!'''/'ll'
Ii
Di.lgr;lIn 5.5 -- A1 Edit Mode
The entries on the right side of the screen represenl the

ualues of uarious System and User Uariables. Seueral
differenl screens (pages) are used 10 show the slatus of
your cybertank, due 10 the many uariables possible. Use the
Cybertank Status Page Keys (see the DSI/CACD System 2
Reference Card) 10 scan the auailable pages .
j;-49
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
The table below lists all of the entries which can be changed
along with their respectiue System uariable name:
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3
ENTRY NAME
Fuel Left
Direction
X Location
Y Location
SYSTEM VARIABLE
FuelLevel
TankDir
TankX
TanyY
Type
X Location
Y Location
Distance
Obstacle Type
ObstacleX
ObstacleY
ObstacleDist
Internal
Armor
Treads
Scanner
Weapon
IntDamage
ArmorDamage
TreadDamage
Scan Damage
WeapDamage
Direction
ScanDir
X Location
Y Location
Distance
EnemyX
EnemyY
EnemyDist
Type
X Location
Y Location
Distance
ObjType
ObjX
ObjY
ObjDist
X Location
Y Location
Distance
EnemyHQX
EnemyHQY
EnemyHQDist
Ally Number
Code Received
AllyNum
AllyCode
ii50
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71966-AG
Page 4
Page 5
Module Reference
X Location
Y Location
Distance
AllyX
AllyY
AllyDist
X Location
Y Location
Distance
Direction
AllyEnemyX
AllyEnemyY
AllyEnemyDist
AllyEnemyDir
Ally Number
Code Received
CopyNum
CopyCode
X Location
Y Location
Distance
CopyX
CopyY
CopyDist
X Location
Y Location
Distance
Direction
CopyEnemyX
CopyEnemyY
CopyEnemyDist
CopyEnemyDir
Repair Kits
Launchers
XY Distance
Random #
KitsLett
RemotesLeft
XYDist
RandomNum
X Location
Y Location
AllyHQX
AllyXQY
Pages siH and higher list all the User Uariables in the
cybertank's AI. All User Uariables can be edited.
To change the value of a System or User Uariable, halt
eHecution (see Section 5.2) using the PRUSE key. If you are
using a mouse or joystick, simply click on the register you
wish to change and it becomes highlighted. I f you are using
the keyboard, please refer to the OSI/CRCO System 2
Reference Card to determine the appropriate keys to use to
highlight the various status registers. Once you have
highlighted the variable you want to edit, simply use the
ii-51
OSI-MR-71988-AG
PART 2:
Module Reference
keyboard to enter the new ualue and press RETURN. Your

cybertank then reflects the new status. If you enter an
illegal ualue or attempt to select a uariable which cannot be
changed, a beep is generated and the highlight bar moues
to the first entry on the page which can be edited.
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
SECTION
Module Reference
CLEARANCE EVALUATION
SEClI ON DR I EF
This section describes the importance of clearance
euoluotions and the method of accessing on euoluotion.
6.1
CEM FUNCTION AND LAYOUT
The Clearance Euoluotion Module (CEM) is used to euoluote

the performance of your cybertonk in a simulated bottle
against one of OSl's cybertonks. If your design is successful
in the bailie, you are promoted to the neHt clearance leuel
(see Oiagram 6.1). Promotions result in a larger bUdget
which can be used to select better components for your
neHt cybertank design. The CEM is uery similar to the
Combat Simulation Module (CSM) in layout and function.
EMPLOYEE ElJALliRTrON
FORM:1I263'i-A
I1P I "<lljl) 11".. "
Dan
EM"I,,''':': I , l l " " l:'IIII,.. I"nll E",),nl1""

tl'III":." .. n If'ur.l
!llnl'lOllflO
("al" ..
'I "ut 01 10 ",CIo,.,IlS
p., .. f" ...... ncll EIJl:ttLCII'
tl""
/'Ie.. C 1I1:;1"""c" t.,YI'
II P
MOnO
COlli 10EI1 rIAL
~ ij s,:":',';;;::;.
Diagram 6.1 -. Promotion Approved
ii-53
PART 2:
OSI-MR-719BB-AG
Module Reference
To access the CEM, select CLEAAANCE EUALUATION from

the EMPLOYEE menu. The File Aetrieual Panel (FAP) is
displayed. Highlight the cybertank you wish to use in the
eualuation and select the LOAD button. You are then
transferred to the CEM. After the OSI/CACO loads your
cybertank, OSI's cybertank, and the battlefield chosen by
OSI, the eualuation will begin.
6.2
GENERAL COMMANDS
Your cybertank is automatically centered in the Battlefield

Display Area. To uiew OSI's cybertank, use the Cybertank
Selection Keys to center the OSI cybertank. The name of the
currently displayed cybertank is shown below the display
area. Action cannot be paused in the CEM.
6.3
The instrument panel is eHactly identical to that of the

Comba t Simulation Module (CSM), described in Section 4.3.
6.4
OTHER OPTIONS
The following options are auailable from the Eualuation

menu in the CEM:
SATELLITE UIEW prouides an ouerhead uiew of the
battlefield is shown with the cybertanks appearing as
can obserue all the cybertanks' actions. To eHit this uiew,
press any key or click the mouse or joystick bullon.
ii-54
OSI-MR-71988-AG
NOTE:
PART 2:
Module Reference

key to return to the close-up uiew.
o I SPLAY GRAPH I CS is used to toggle the Battlefield Display

Rrea on and off. When the display area is off, the speed of
the eualuation is increased and battle time is decreased.
SOUND ON toggles your terminal's speaker on and off. When
the speaker is off, the speed of the eualuation is increased.
SRUE EUALUATION lets you saue an eualuation in-progress.
A saued eualuation can be continued at another time.
EH IT EUALUATI ON eHits the CEM and then transfers you to
the ECM.
PART 2:
OSIMR71988-AG
SECTION
Module Reference
BATTLEFIELD DESIGN MODULE

SECTION BRIEF
This section describes the procedures used to create custom
battlefields.
7.1
BDM FUNCTION AND LAYOUT
The Battlefield Design Module (BOM) is used to create

custom battlefield designs for simulated cybertank battles.
To access the BOM, select DESIGN BRTTLEFIElD from the
SIMULRTE menu.
You must be familiar with the following terminology before
designing a custom battlefield:
TILE -- R tile is a single terrain feature used to build more
complicated features. EHamples of tiles include: a tree, a
section of grass, part of a building, or part of a coastline.
Tiles form the foundation of all battlefield designs.
BLOCK -- A block is a group of tiles. Its maHimum size is
five tiles wide by five tiles tall. Using blocks, you can
greatly simplify the construction of compleH and/or
repetitive terrain elements. For eHample, constructing a
large highway is easier using blocks.
Blocks are like "Iarge tiles", but unlike tiles, blocks can be
edited, modified and deleted. You can design various block
configurations and save them onto your 10 Disc.
Diagram 7.1.0 represents the screen display of the BOM.
ii56
PART 2:
OSIMR71988AG
Module Reference
Diagram 7.1.0 - Battlefield Design Module (BDM)
The left side of the screen shows a portion of the

battlefield. This main display area can be scrolled to
different areas of the battlefield using the four directional
scroll arrows found to the right and below the display area.
The lower right section of the screen displays 16 tiles. The
currently selected tile is enclosed by a small baH. You can
scroll through additional tile selections by using the up and
down scroll arrows located directly above the tile area.
ii57
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
The following options are auailable from the BATTLEFIELD

selection menu:
Di<lgram 7.1.1 DATILEFlELD Menu
lDAD lets you retrieue a preuiously saued battlefield

design. If selected, the File Aetrieual Panel (FRP) will
appear. Highlight the desired battlefield design and select
the lDAD button.
SAVE lets you saue the current battlefield design under a
new name. If selected, the File Storage Panel (FSP) will be
displayed. Enter the new name of your battlefield design.
The new uersion of the design will be totally separate from
the original. The original design will remain unchanged,
unless you giue it the same name as the original.
DELETE lets you remoue battlefield designs from your ID
Disc. If selected, the File Termination Panel (HPJ will be
displayed with the names of all the battlefield designs on
your ID Disc. Highlight the battlefield design you wish to
remoue and select the DElETE button. Please be careful-once a battlefield design is terminated, it cannot
be recouered!
ii-58
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
PR I NT lets you print the current bBttlefield design to your

printer. Refer to the OSIICACO System 2 Reference CBrd for
more information.
SATELLITE UIEW prouides Bn ouerheBd uiew of the
bBttlefield BS seen from the OSICOM I sBtellite. To eHit the
sBtellite uiew, simply press Bny key or click the mouse or
joystick button.
NOTE:
!I+,c,e
For users of Commodore 64 Bnd Apple

terminBls only:
The sQuBre baH surrounding B smBII portion of the

bBttlefield represents the region thBt WBS displByed
in the normBI close-up uiew of the bBttlefield before
choosing SBtellite Uiew. Pressing Bny key will
return you to the close-up uiew.
FILL MAP fills the entire bBttlefield with the currently

selected tile. Be eHtremely cBreful when using this option,
BS it Bffeets the entire bBttlefield.
FILL SCREEN fills only the portion of the bBttlefield shown
in the mBin displBY BreB with the currently selected tile.
EHIT will eHit the BOM Bnd return you to the ECM.
j -
59
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
The following options

selection menu:
are
available
Module Reference
from
the
8 l 0 CK
Di"gram 7.1.2 - BLOCK Menu
lOA 0 lets you retrieve a previously saved block

configuration. When selected, the File Retrieval Panel (FRP)
will appear. Select the desired block configuration and it
will be loaded into the 80M. Rt this point, the blocks can be
used or editted in any way.
SAUE lets you save the current block configuration under a
new name. When selected, the File Storage Panel (FSP) will
be displayed. Enter the new name of your block
configuration. The new version of the block configuration
will be totally separate from the original. The original will
remain unchanged.
OElETE lets you remove block configurations from your 10
Oisc. When selected, the File Termination Panel (HP) will be
displayed with the nomes of all the block configurations on
your 10 Oisc. llighlight the desired block configuration and
select the OELETE button. 8e coreful-- once a block
configuration is terminated, it cannot be recouered!
iiGO
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
ClEAA BLOCK erases the currently selected block.

ClEAR COPY deactiuates any block coPy currently in
progress. Section 7.2 offers more information on copying
blocks.
The following options are auailable from the EDIT selection
menu:
Di.1gr,lm 7.1.3
EDIT Menu
DISPLAY TILES sets the lower right portion of the screen to

display tiles. This setling allows you to use Iiles in
battlefield design. This option ouerrides the DISPLAY
BLDCKS mode.
DISPLAY BLOCKS sets the lower right portion of the screen
to display blocks. This setting allows you to use blocks in
battlefield design This setting will ouerride the DISPLAY
TilES mode.
PEN DDWN is used to "draw" with the currently selected
tile_ When acliuated, the selected tile is drawn onto the
battlefield at the center of the main display area_ The tile is
ii51
PART 2:
OSIMR71988AG
Module Reference
shown in inuerse. Moue the battlefield to draw multiple

tiles. This mode is most useful to add large areas of the
same terrain type. For eHample, PEN DOWN is uery helpful
in adding large forested areas to a battlefield design. PEN
DOWN mode is only auailable when the DISPLAY TILES
mode is actiue.
PLOP MODE ON is used to place indiuidual tiles. Battlefield
mouement has no effect on a placed tile. I f you are using a
mouse or joystiCk, you can simply click anyWhere in the
main display area to place the current tile. If you are using
the keyboard, please refer to the OSI/CACO System 2
Reference Card for more information.
COpy MODE ON lets you create a block by copying a section
of your battlefield (See Section 7.2 for more information).
7.2
USING BLOCKS
To create a block, select the DISPLAY BLOCKS option from

the EDIT menu. NeHt, select the COPY MODE ON option from
the ED IT menu. Moue the map to the area of the battlefield
you wish to use in creating the block. I f you are using a
mouse or joystick, simply click on the tiles that you want to
be part of the block. If you are using the keyboard, see the
OSI/CACD System 2 Reference Card for more information.
You can select any tiles on the battlefield, but they must be
a part of the same 5 H 5 tile area. After selecting the tiles
you want, click anyWhere in the Block Display Rrea (bottom
right area of the screen) to create the new block (again, if
you are using the keyboard, see the OSI/CACD System 2
Reference Card). You can use the up and down scroll arrows
located aboue the block display area to scroll through the
complete set of blocks.
ii-62
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
Once you haue the blocks, select PlOP MODE ON from the
ED IT selection menu. You can moue around on Ihe
baltlefield and "plop" the currently selecled block onlo Ihe
battlefield by clicking anywhere in Ihe main display area. If
you are using Ihe keyboard, please refer 10 Ihe OSI/CACO
Syslem 2 Reference Card for more information.
To relurn 10 using liles 10 create Ihe battlefield, select Ihe
DISPLAY TILES oplion from wilhin the EDIT selection menu.
ii-63
PART 2:
OSIMR719BBAG
SECTION
Module Reference
DATA DUPLICATION MODULE

SECTION BRIEF
This section describes how to copy uarious data files from
one disc to another.
8.1
DDM FUNCTION AND lAYOUT
The Data Duplication Module lOOM) lets you copy cybertank

data files from one disc to another. You can copy cybertank
AI designs, battlefields designs, capSUle designs, simulation
designs, and authorized cybertanks.
Select the DUPLICATION MODULE option from the OESIGN
menu. Diagram B.l below illustrates the Duplication Module
screen display.
ii-54
PART 2:
OSIMR71988-AG
.~.
Module Reference
n".I'ld,l.lllI
1I11t!
.t.,..t"I'W."'I.ut' ..
:;" I ... " I
III 10"
Ih,- 1
,..
,hu,I'Ii"I,,,,
I he" I" t':.', U1 til
Diagram 8.1 -- Data Duplication Module (OOM)
The right side of the screen displays the categories or data

files you can copy (TANK DESIGNS, BATTLEFiElDS, CAPSULES,
SIMULATION DESIGNS, and TANKS).
Four selection buttons, DRIUE, CATEGORY, SELECT, and
DESTINATION, are located on the lower right section of the
display. The DRIUE button is used to select the active
access slot (or disk drive). As the DRIUE bullon is selected,
the name or the disc located in the actiue slot is displayed
in the SOURCE field.
NOTE:
//+,c,e terminals only:

These terminals are equipped with a SLOT bullon
terminal. You should remember this difference in
terminal types while reading this manual.
ii65
OSI-MR-71988-AG
PART 2:
Module Reference
The CRTEGORY button is used to step through the four

file categories. Once a category is selected, data
within that category (if any) are displayed in the
middle portion of the screen. You cannot coPy files
different categories in a single procedure.
data
files
leftfrom
To select a data file to copy (source file), highlight it and

choose the SELECT button. R "checkmark" is displayed to
the left of a selected file. You can select multiple files
within a category. To "deselect" a data file, highlight it, and
the SELECT button will change to a DE-SELECT button_
Simply select the DE-SELECT button to "deselect" the
highlighted file.
NOTE:
For users of Commodore 64 and Rpple

To select a data file to copy (source file), highlight
it and choose the SELECT button. R "diamond" is
displayed to the left of a selected file. You can
select multiple files within a category. To
"deselect" a data file, highlight it, and click the
SELECT button again.
Once you have selected the data file(s) you want to copy,
you must identify a destination for those files. Select the
DESTlNRTlON button. Three new buttons, DRIUE, COpy and
CRNCEl, are displayed.
The DRIUE button is used to select the destination or target
access slot for the copy procedure. Select the DRIUE button
until the desired disc name is displayed in the DESTINATION
field at the upper left of the screen.
To begin the duplication procedure, select the COPY button.
Uarious status messages will appear in the lower-left area
of the screen labeled INFORMATION. These messages give
you specific instructions (if needed) for completing the
duplication process.
PART 2:
OSI-MR-719BB-AG
Module Reference
The CANCEL button is used to abort the duplication process

and return to the data file selection process.
To eHit the OOM and return to the ECM, select the EH IT
OUPLICATOR option from the DUPLICATION menu.
ii-67
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
SECTION
Module Reference
SYSTEM OPERATIONS
SEcn ON BR I H
This section describes the operation of data file operation
panels.
9.1
THE FILE STORAGE PANEL (FSP)
The FSP is used to store data files on your 10 Disc. Diagram

9.1 illustrates the FSP panel. The name of the disc in the
current access slot (or disk driue) is displayed on the upper
left of the panel. Below the disc name is a list of all data
files found on the current disc. Only files appropriate to the
current module are displayed. For eHample, if you are in the
Simulation Design Module (SOM), only preuiously saued
simulation design data files are displayed. I f there are more
than three names, use the up and down scroll arrows to
scroll through the list of names. Below the list of names is a
small area labeled SRUE RS:. Enter the new file name.
ii-GS
PART 2:
OSIMR71988AG
Module Reference
Diagram 9.1 - File Slor.lge Panel (FSP)
On the right side or the panel are three buttons labeled

ORIUE, SRUE, and CRNCEL. The ORIUE button is used to
access other discs in other access slots. When the DR I UE
button is selected, the name or the newly selected disc will
be displayed.
NOTE:
For users or Commodore 64 and Rpple
//+,c,e terminals only:
These terminals are equipped with a SlOT button
rather than a ORIUE button. By pressing the SLOT
slots (or disc driues) that may be connected to your
terminal. Keep this difference regarding terminal
types in mind while reading this manual.
Select the SRUE button to saue the data file to the current
disc using the name you entered. You CRNNOT saue a file
without first giuing it a name.
The CRNCEL button lets you abort the saue process. You are
returned to the current module.
ii-59
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
9.2
Module Reference
THE FILE RETRIEVAL PANEL (FRP)
The FRP is used to retrieue data files from your 10 Oisc.

Diagram 9.2 illustrates the FRP panel. The name of the disc
in the current access slot (or disc driue) is displayed on the
upper left of the panel. Below the disc name is a list of all
data files found on the current disc. Only files appropriate
to the current module are displayed. For eHample, if you are
working in the Cybertank Oesign Module (COM), only
preuiously saued cybertank designs are displayed. I f there
ore more than SiH names. use the up and down scroll arrows
to scroll through the list.
ll", .. I."II\_
l'a.l
'.11 Sn ,.,
Oi,'gr.,m 9.2 -File Retrie"al Panel (FHl')
On the righl side of the panel are three buttons labeled

ORIUE, OPEN, and CRNCEl. The DRIUE button is used to
access discs in other access slots (disc driues). When the
DRIUE button is selected, the name of the newly selected
disc is displayed.
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
Select the OPEN button to load the highlighted data file

from the selected access slot.
NOTE:
11.,c,e terminals only:

These terminals are equipped with a SLOT bullon
rather than a OA I UE but ton. By pressing the SLOT
bullon you are able to access additional access
slots (or disc driues) that may be connected to your
terminal.
These terminals are also equipped with a LOnO
bullon rather than a OPEN bullon. By pressing the
LOAO bullon, you can load data files from the
selected access slot.
These differences in terminal types should be kept
in mind while reading this manual.
The CANCEl bullon is used to abort the retrieual process.

You are returned to the current module.
9.3
THE FILE TERMINATION PANEL (FTP)
The FTP is used to remoue data files from your 10 Disc.

Diagram 9.3 illustrates the FTP panel. The name of the disc
in the current access slot (or disc driue) is displayed on the
upper left side of the panel. Below the disc name is a list of
all data files found on the current disc. Only files
appropriate to the current module are displayed. For
eHample, if you are working in the Cybertank Oesign Module
(COM), only preuiously saued cybertank designs are
displayed. I f there are more than SiH names, use the up and
down scroll arrows to scroll through the list.
ii-71
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
'. ,ro-'m
III II
.. RIO] 15
Di'lgranl 93 - File Termination Panel (FTI')
On the right side of the panel are three buttons labeled

ORIUE, DElETE, and CRNCEL. The DRIUE button is used to
access other discs in other access slots. When the DRIUE
button is selected, the name of the newly selected disc will
be displayed.
NOTE:
For users of Commodore 64 and Rpple
These terminals are equipped with a SLOT button
terminal.
Select the DElETE button to delete the highlighted data file

from the current access slot.
ii72
PART 2:
OSI-MR-71988-AG
Module Reference
The CANCEL llutton is used to allort the termination

process. The FTP is remoued and you are returned to the
current application_
Warning: Be very careful when usIng the FTP. Once

a file is terminated, it can not be recovered.
ii-73
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
PART 3
CYBERTANK COMMAND
LANGUAGE
SYNOPSIS
This section presents the commands auailable for designing
a cybertanlc's Artificial Intelligence (AI). The CCL Aeference
is a must for all ineHperienced employees and contains B
great deal of useful information for the eHperienced
employee, Each section of the CCl Reference contains
eHamples to clearly demonstrate the use and function of
the commands.
iii-1
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
SECTION
CYBERTANK COMMAND LANGUAGE

Before mouing right into the CCL commands, seueral basic
and fundamental concepts must be couered.
1.1
GENERAL DEFlNITIONS
The Cybertank Command Language (CCLl was designed by

051 language engineers to facilitate the creation of
cybertank artificial intetligence (AI). The Cybertank
Command Language was modeted after the English language
for mOHimum comprehension and utilization.
There is usually more than one command that can be used
to perform a giuen function. The CCL designers created
simple commands for common functions normally eHecuted
using traditional programming structure. Toke, for eHample,
the need to turn your cybertank to face in the direction of a
scanned enemy. The traditional command structure reQuires
the use of "System Uariables" as follows:
Turn Tank To EnemyX EnemyY

Noting the freQuency that cybertank engineers utilized the
abaue command, 051 designers added the following
command to the CCL to perform the same function:
Turn Tank To Face Enemy Tank

Obuiously, this command is easier to understand.
1.2
CYCLE COUNT
All commands reQuire a period of time to eHccute. Command

eHecution time is measured in cycles. There are two
fundamental types of commands in the CCL: I) oction
iii2
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
commands that require physical or mechanical actions by

the cybertank. such as turning to face a new direction. and
2) logic commands that do not haue the cybertank perform
physical or mechanical actions. Logic commands 8Hecute in
1 cycle, while action commands uary in 8Hecution time.
Rotating the scanner, for eHample. requires less time than

turning the entire cybertank.
Always keep cycle counts in mind when designing your
cybertank's RI. For eHample. a cybertank using 10 cycles in
its firing intelligence fires twice as fast as one with 20
cycles. Reducing
cycle
counts usually
improues
performance. It should also be noted that the cycle counts
giuen in this handbook are base figures. For eHample. the
command ROTATE SCANNER lEFT 1 takes 10 cycles to
eHecute. but the command ROTRTE SCANNEA lEFT 4 takes
40 cycles to eHecute (10 cycles per angle of rotation times
4 angles.)
1.3
CCl
commands,
"reserued"
for
RESERVED WORDS
operators.
specific
and
System
purposes
Uariables
and
cannot
are
be
incorporated in user-defined uariables. See AppendiH 1 for a

lisl of Reserued Words.
1.4
STRUCTURE CONVENTIONS
The following conuentions are used throughout this section

for descriptiue purposes:
"Tanlc" For the sake of breuity. all eeL commands refer to
cybertanks as tanks.
I] Optional words in CeL commands are enclosed in square
brackets. Commands will eHecute correctly with or without
the bracketed words.
iii-3
PART 3: Command language
OSI-CCL-719BB-AG
"User Uariable" This designates where a User Uariable

name is to be used.
"Any Uariable"
This designates where either a User
Uariable name or a System Uariable name is to be used.
"#" This designates where a User Uariable name, a System
Uari6ble name, or 6 numeric digit is to be used.
"Label" This designates where a label name is to be used.

: (colon) This designates an altematiue. For eHample,
[Branch To : Dol indicates that either Branch To or Do can
be used.
cyc This designates a command's cycle count. All initial
command definitions include their cycle count.
"H" This designates that an H-coordinate on the map is to
be used,
"Y" This designates that a Y-coordinate is to be used on
the map.
1.5
LABELS
Labels used to designate the beginning of an AI segment

can be eHecuted with either the Do (Go sub) or Branch To
(Gala) commands. A label may be composed of any
alphanumeric character or symbol, with a 10 character
maHimum length. A label may contain a reserued word. If,
during the Ruthorization process (discussed in Part 2,
Section 2.6), you receiue an "Out of label memory space"
error message, try shortening the length of your labels. For
a description of all possible Authorization errors, see
AppendiH 5.
iii-4
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
1.6
SYSTEM VARIABLES
System Uariables are used by the CCL for internal

operations. They can be used in computations, but cannot be
altered. System Uariables are uery useful, and often
necessary, in designing cybertanlc A I. See AppendiH 2 for a
list of ell of the System Uariables.
1.7
USER VARIABLES
A User Uariable is defined by the employee. Unlilce System

Variables, User Variables can be altered, can be composed
of any alphanumeric character or symbol, and can be up to
15 characters in length. A User Uariable name can contain a
reserved word, but cannot consist of a reserved UJord
alone. For eHample, "Turn" is a reserved word while
"MyTurn" is a legal User Uariable name.
1.8
OPERATORS
CCl supports the operators:

"+" (addition),
(subtraction), "(" (less than), "}" (greeter than), "="
(equals), "(=" (less than or equal), "}=" (greater than or
equal), and "0" (not equall. The operators are used as
shown below.
1 evc "User Vari.lble" ; "#"
I cye "Uscr Variablc" = "Any Variable" + "#"
I eye "User Variable" = "Any Variable" - "#"
The above commands are called Assignment statements

because the left side of the "=" is "assigned" the ualue of
the right side.
I eye
I eye
If "Any V.niablc" = "#i" Then (Branch To: Dol "Label"

If "Any V<1riablc" = "Any Variable" + "#" Then [Br,lllch To: Dol
"Llbcl"
1 eye
If "AllY Variable"; "Any Variable" - "#" Then [Branch To; Dol

"Label"
jjj5
OS I-e e L-ll 988-A G
The aboue commands are called Conditional statements (or

IF/THEN statements.)
These statements help control the
flow of AI by checking uarious settings or conditions. Note
that anywhere the "=" is used in the aboue Conditional
eHamples, any of the operators ("<", ">", "<=", ">=", "<>")
can be substituted.
Now for a few eHamples:
MyTurn
TankOir + 1
This sets the User Uariable "MyTurn" to the System Uariable

"TankDir" plus one. So, if "TankDir" is currently eQual to
three, then "My turn" would be assigned the ualue of four.
If Myturn >= 2 Then Branch to Done
This eHample causes the AI to

and only if the User Uariable
eQual to two. Based upon the
set to four; therefore, the A I
label" Done."
branch to the label "Done" if

"MyTurn" is greater than or
first eHample, "My turn" was
would indeed branch to the
If Myturn = TankOir + 1 Then Branch to Done
This line causes the AI to branch to the label "Done" if and

only if the User Uariable "MyTurn" is eQual to the System
Uariable "TankDir" plus one. So, the cybertank logic unit
retrieues the ualue of "TankDir" and adds one to it. I t then
compares this ualue to "MyTurn." If they are eQual, then
the branch is taken.
Note: Rdding one to "TanI<Dir" is only for purposes of
comparison. The value of "TanI<Dir" does NOT change until
an instruction is encountered which directs the cybertanl<
to turn.
iii-6
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
SECTION 2
MOVING THE CYBERTANK
Mobilizing your cyberlank is a rather simple task, but one

of eHtreme importance. With superb tactical maneuuering,
your cybertank can sneak-up on the enemy without the
enemy euer knowing what hit it. By the same token, bad
judgement in mouement can mean a quick termination of
your cybertank. Many factors must be weighed when
designing 6 path of movement: movement consumes fuel, EI
cybertank's treads must be functional, and obstacles must
be auoided. With all this to consider, a cybertank must still
be aware of its prime objective -- survivel.

2.1
TREAD DAMAGE AND REPAIR
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 eye
1 eye
60 eye
If IT:lIlkl Treads [.nc] Functional Then lBranch To: Do]

"Label"
If [Tank] Treads (arc] Not F\lTlctional Then lBr'lllch To: Dol
"Label"
Rep.lir Treads
SYSTEM VARIABLES AFFECTED
TrcadDamagc
EXAMPLE USAGE
ChcckTrcad
H ~Slj):n:.l-:
~J":r(~j)'d,::; ~!11e
CCT~:E~~}1
]~EP:ilh' T!I\~.J! ~l~
CT.Exil
Resullle
lFu:m.:'l1'U1HI1
~.rll1~:rl
lli:t<'i1:nttlll T<D
OSI-CCL-719BB-AG
Cybertanks use treads for mouing and turning. When treads

are destroyed, cybertanks cannot moue. Repair kits, if
purchased, can be used at any time to repair damaged
treads. Refer to Section 5.1 for detailed information on
cybertank repair.
2.2
MOVING
COMMAND STRUCTURE
40 eye
40 eye
Move [Tank] Forward "#11

Move [Tank] Backward I1W'
TankX
TankY
EXAMPLE USAGE
MoveClear
Detect Obstruction at Tank Direction
,If Movement is Not Obstructed Then Branch To Me_Move
Fire Weapon at Obstruction
Branch To MoveClear
Me Move
OO<ow'!:: 1f&!nlk lFlC'l7lf'1<5lU'itl 11

Resume
Cybertanks can moue forward (the direction they are

facing) or backward (opposite the direction they are
facing). Vou must specify the number of hectometers your
cybertank is to moue. ,,",ouement can range from 0 (useless)
to 62 (dangerous).
Once instructed to moue, your cybertank will not stop until
it either reaches its destination or runs into an obstruction.
If an obstruction is encountered, your cybertank incurs
damage and stops. The amount of damage is determined by
the object hit: buildings cause more damage than trees.
Some objects (e.g. trees, bushes, houses, and headquarters)
can euentually be destroyed if you continually ram them,
iii-a
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
while others, such as the battlefield barrier (resembling a

brick wall) and reinforced buildings are indestructible. Your
cybertank will euentually destroy itself if it continues to
ram indestructible objects,
Mouing a cybertank requires fuel. If your cybertank is
instructed to moue without fuel available, precious time is
spent uselessly trying to start the engines.
Mouement also requires functional treads. If a mouement
command is encountered and the treads are inoperable, the
cybertank will waste time "spinning its wheels."
2.3
TURNING
COMMAND STRUCTURE
16 eye
16 eye
16 eye
'16 eye
'16 eye
16 eye
16 eye
Turn [Tank] Left "#"

Turn [Tank] Right "#"
Turn [Tank] To "angle"
Turn [Tank] To "X" "Y"
Turn [Tank] To Face [Enemy] Tank
Turn [Tank] To Face Enemy HQ
Align Tank [with Scanner]
T;lI1kDir
EXAMPLE USAGE
FindOpen

If Movement is Not Obstructed Then Branch To FO_Move
'Si!ITJ1 ~J.n:nJ", n:lg)1'l :l
Branch To FindOpcn
FO Move
Move Tank Forward 1
Resume
Cybertanks turn in eighths of a circle (45 0 increments) .
iii-9
OS I-e e L- 7198 8-A G
When commanding a turn, the number of eighths to turn is

specified. The following command will turn the cybertanlc
one eighth (45) to the right:
Turn Tank Right 1

The following command turns the cybertanlc three eighths
(135 degrees) to the left:
Turn Tank Left 3

Cybertanlcs can also turn to specific angles. The angles are
illustrated below in Diagram 2.3.
Diagram 2.3 .. The eight possible directions
The following command turns the cybertanlc to face

northwest, regardless of the direction it is currently facing:
Turn Tank To 7
There are many instances where you need to haue your
cybertanlc moue to a Icnown location, but are not sure of
the needed direction. Four different commands in the CCl
will automatically turn your cybertanlc in the nearest
direction to face B known location.
iii-l0
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
The following command will turn your cybertank in the

nearest direction to face coordinates H=20 and Y=14:
Turn Tank To 20 14
Always list the H coordinate first. followed by a space and
then the Y coordinate. Do not use a comma to separate
the coordinate pair.
Use the following command to turn your cybertank to the
closest direction to face on enemy cybertank at its last
scanned position:
Turn Tank To Face Enemy Tank
Similarly, the following command will turn your cybertank
toward the closest direction to face the enemy
headquarters. if found:
Turn Tank to Face Enemy HQ
The following command will turn your cybertank to the
direction its stenner is pointing:
Align Tank with Scanner
2_4
DETECTING MOVEMENT OBSTRUCTIONS
COMMAND STRUCTURE
4 eye
4 eye
4 eye
1 eye
1 eye
Detect [Obstruction] at "#"

Defect LObslnlction] at Tank Direction
Detect [Obstruction] at Scanner Direction
If [Movement is] Obstructed Then [Brandl To: Do]"Label"
If [Movement is] Not Obstructed Then [Branch To: Do]
1 eye
If Obslructiou [isl Enemy HQ Then [Branch To: Dol
1 cyc
"Label"
If Obstruction [isl Ally HQ Then [Branch To: Do] "Label"
"Label"
iii-ll
OS 1- C C L- 71 988-A G
ObslacleX
ObslacleY
ObslacieDist
ObslacleType
EXAMPLE USAGE
l\1oVCCIC<lf
D-el~d (Crb.:;1T~I..::'lj'DJl
1.
0111 TofJ:n:J-:.
iD:i:r~J.:aj({):.n
NJow&:m~:ni j.:; HO't ([)J;~:tr;nd&il T)l:e:rl :Bl.l1JU':}1 ]".0

jYJlC~NJlQ\I1e
Fire Weapon nt Obstruction

Br;lnch To MovcClear
t'vl C_ivlove
Move Tank Forward 1
Resume
All cybertanks are equipped with a Mouement Obstruction

Sensor (MOS). This sensor.. determines whether an
obstruction is in a specified d'irection. Any Objects that can
inflict damage to your cybertank in a collision are
mouement obstructions.
_Using the MOS is different than using your scanner to find

the closest Object. Since scanners couer B large area, you
would haue to perform a series of complicated calculations

to determine whether an object found in a scanner's area
would impede mouement. The MOS detects only obstacles
between 1 and 3 hectometers from your cybertank's
location in 8 specified direction.
The aboue eHample uses the "Detect Obstruction at Tank
Direction" command. Once 6 "Oetect .. ," command has been
eHecuted, you should use one of the "If.

determine the results of the detection.
commands to
A common technique in the use of the sensor is to destroy

an obstacle in your path. This is usually faster than trying to
moue around it. The aboue eHample illustrates this
lechniQue. An inherent problem in the eHample is that some
obstacles cannot be destroyed. You could end up repeatedly
trying to destroy an indestructible object.
iii12
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
This problem is ouercome by checking the ualue of the

System Uariable ObstacleType to identify the obstacle. If
it is indeed indestructible, you can design your AI to moue
around il. Aefer to AppendiH 3 for a complete description of
object types. It is important to note that a cybertank's MOS
is operational euen when the Scanner is destroyed, but is
not when your cybertank runs out of fuel.
2.5
DETERMINING CYBERTANK FACING
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 cyc
If Tank lisl Facing [Enemy] Tank Then [Branch To: Dol

"Label"
1 eye
1 eye
If Tank [isl Not Facing (Enemy] Tank Then (Branch To: Dol
liLa bell!
If Tank [isl Aligned [with Scanner] Then [Branch To: Dol
"Label"
If Tank lisl Not Aligned [with Scannerl Then [Branch To:
Do] "Label"
If Tank [isJ Facing Enemy HQ Then [Branch To: Dol
"Label"
If Tank [isl Not Facing Enemy HQ Then [Branch To: Dol
1 eye
1 eye
lILabel"
If Tank [is] Facing "X" llyn Then [Branch To : Dol liLa bel"
If Tank [is] Not Facing "X" "y" Then [Branch To: Do] II Labcl lt
1 eye
1 eye
1 eye
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
MoveClear
Detect Obstruction at Scanner Direction
If Movement is Not Obstructed Then Branch To MC_ChkDir
Branch To MoveClear
MC_ChkDir
U:1 'If&l:nlk b A1ug:rl\B!1 mall 't<ilml~lI' 'lI!h~:rl JBlI'<il!nclh .!f1O
!VH::_iVl"'''''''
MC_Move
Move Tank Forward 1
Resume
iii-13
OS I-C C L- 71 988-A G
The releuance of these commands may not be readily

apparent, but will become so when considering the impact
of cycle counts.
The aboue eHample has the cybertank trying to moue in the
direction the scanner is facing. If you remoue the command
that checks alignment with its scanner, then the command
"Align Tank with SC<lnllcr" is eHecuted. This is eHtremely
undesirable since turning a cybertank requires many cycles.

It is more efficient to eHpend one cycle checking the
cybertank's alignment than to waste numerous cycles
turning the cybertank.
iii-14
OSICCL-719BBAG
SECTION 3
USING THE SCANNER
All cybertanks are equipped with the Cybertank Scanner

System (CSS), an essential piece of hardware, Uarious
equipment can be buill into the CSS, including a Scanner, a
Remote launcher, a Scanner lock, a listening Device, in
addition to a Jammer.
Scanners uary in angle of errectiueness (or sweep angle)
and range. The primary function of a Scanner is to quickly
probe an area and return the resulls to the cybertank's
main computer systems. Scanners are capable of detecting
enemy cybertanks, headquarters, and various terrain
features, and play an important role in cybertank design.
Without a scanner, a cybertank is uery limited in its range
of sight (the MOS has a ronge of 3 hectometers with a one
degree wide sweep angle -- see Section 2.4).
NOTE: The use of a defense shield halves the range of a/l

scanners. (For more information on Defense Shields, see
Section 5.2.)
3.1
SCANNER DAMAGE AND REPAIR
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 eye
1 eye
60 eye
If ScannC'r Iis] Functional Then [Branch To : Dol "Label"

If Scanner Iis] Not Functional Then [Branch To : Do]
"Label"
Repair Scanner
SCilnDamagc
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
EXAMPLE USAGE
ChcckScan
:Ii
~':j):rnl~:r
:i.;: :F'n:rH;tlo:rl~] ~nl~:rl :.B:rn:.ndl Teo <c:.....~~~H
:E~]JJlh ;.r,n:IJ:II'=2'
CS_Exil
Resume
The cybertank uses its scanner to find enemy cybertanks

and locate objects. When its scanner is destroyed, a
cybertank is essentially blind and normally doomed to fail.
Repoir kits, if purchosed, can be used ot ony time to repoir
o domoged sconner. Sconners ore relioble until they ore
completely destroyed.
3.2
SCANNING FOR ENEMY CYBERTANKS
COMMAND STRUCTURE
8 eye
'I cye
1 cyc
Scan for [Enemy I Tank

If [Enemy) Tank (wasl Found Then fBr,mch To: Do) "Label"
If [Enemyl Tank (wasl Not Found Then (Branch To: Dol
"Label"
EncmyX
EnelllYY
EncmyDist
EXAMPLE USAGE
FindTank
Rotate Scan ncr Right 1
~':.tn :'F.o:r :.E:rlE:1.rlY Tn:rl):
]J :.E:!r~:m:y TIl:r!.}: t'f.j1,:; 1'10'1 J='O!1:!1 ~I 'rJI ~Jl
"B:r1lncll
Teo
:Fhl ~ITll:rl~'.
FT_Follndlt
Rcsullle
These commands are used to locate enemy cybertanks. It is

necessary to eHecute the "Scan Fur nelll.\' T:lnk" commend
first, then use one of the" If. .. " commonds to determine
iii-16
OSI-CCL-719BB-AG
the results. The aboue eHample has the cybertanlc

continuously scanning in all directions until an enemy
eybertanlc is found.
3.3
SCAA'1\'lNG FOR OBJECTS
COMMAND STRUCTURE
8 eye
Scan lor [Closest] Object

If [Closest] Object [wasl Found Then [Branch To: Dol
1 eye
"Label"
If [Closest] Object [was] Not Found Then [Branch To: Dol
"Label"
1 eye
ObjX
ObjType
ObjY
ObjDist
EXAMPLE USAGE
ClearArea
Tree = 4
House = 5
CA_Loop
t<DJl IF<f):r cn(,m~~1 @hfie:ctl
Hif <Cll","~on ((J)!!;j~ct
"""0 N",n 1F<l1ll.,~1 1J1h"", lB"'l!ll<:!l, .~~
<CJUR~d.l~
If ObjType = Tree then CA_Deslroy

If ObjType = House then CA_Destroy
CA_Rotate
Rotate Scanner Righf 1
If Scanner Not Aligned with Tank Then Branch To CA_Loop
CA Exit
Resume
CA_Destroy
If Closest Object is Beyond Weapon Range then Ca_Rotate
Fire Weapon al Closest Object
Branch To CA_Loop
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
These commands are used to locate the closest object to

your cybertank. You must first eHecute the "SCOIl For Closest
Object" command, then use one of the "If. .. " commands to
determine the results.
One of the more common uses of these commends is to
clear Objects out of the way that might be interfering with
your cybertank's ability to "see" an enemy tank. The above
eHample illustrates this use. See AppendiH 3 for a complete
list of Object types.
3.4
FINDING THE HEADQUARTERS
COMMAND STRUCTURE
8 eyc
1 cye
1 ("c
1 cye
1 eyc
Scan for Enemy HQ

If Obstruction lisl Enem}' HQ then [Branch To: Do] "Label"
If Obstruction lisl Ally I-IQ then (Branch To: Do] "Label"
If Enemy HQ [was] Found then IBr.mch To: DoJ "Label"
If EnelllY HQ ,",vilsl Not Found then LBrilllch To: Dol
"Lilbel"
EnemyHQX
Ellcmyf-lQY
EnclllyHQDist
EXAMPLE USAGE
ChrcknilSC
G-l.:i11l1
:f-o:r
lli!Jl~m)' JJ{~
]:f :E!lI~:L!j}' }j{). 'Hjl.:i ~.F.(/tJ:!l~1 TJle:n i';]\{)01]!
Rotate Scanner 1
Brilnch to ChcckB.1Sl~
Shoolll
Firc ""eilpon ilt Encmy HQ
Resume
All cybertanks are equipped with a special Headquarters

Sensing Device (HSD) that allows the scanner to detect the
presence of an enemy or allied base station, Once a base is
detected and identified as friend or foe, a cybertank can
decide whether to attack or defend it. The above commands
iii-18
OSICCL71988AG
are primarily used during team combat where the

destruction of on enemy bose station results in a victory.
3.5
ROTATING THE SCANNER
COMMAND STRUCTURE
Rotate (Scanner] Left "it"
16 eye
16 eye
16 eye
16 eye
16 eye
16 eye
1 eye
1 eye
Rot.lle [Sc,l1lI1cr! Right "#"

Rotate 15c;lnncrl To "angle"
Rotitle ISc<lnncrJ To "X" "Y"
Rotate I SCilllllCr) To Face [Enemy] Tank
Align Scanner [with Tank]
If Scanner lisl Aligned [with Tank} Then (Br<lnch To: 001
"Lil bel"
If SGlI1ncr [isll\ot Aligned (with Tankl Then [Branch To:
Dol "Llbcl"
ScanDir
EXAMPLE USAGE
FinctTilllk
lll(OU~j~e Gtll:n:!I.e:r U~fig]rt 11
SC;ln For Enemy Tank
If Enemy Tilllk was Found Then Br<tnch To FT_FoundH

Branch To FindT,lI1k
FT_Foundlt
Resume
Scanners rotate in eighths of a circle (45 0 increments).

When commanding rotation, the number of eighths to turn
is specified. The following command rotates the scanner
one eighth (45 degrees) to the right:
Rotate Scanner Right 1

The following command will rotate the scanner three
eighths (135 degrees) to the left:
Rotate Scanner Left 3
iii-19
OS I-CCL-71988-AG
Scanners can also rotate to specific directions. The

directions are illustrated in Diagram 3.5 below.
-1-~4'-~-1-
s
Diagram 3.5 - The eight possible directions
The following command will rotate the scanner to face

northwest, regardless of the direction it is currently
pointing:
Rotate Scanner To 7
There are many instances where you need to point your
scanner toward a known localion, but are not aware of the
proper direction. Many CCl comands automatically rotate
your scanner in the nearest direction to face a known
location.
The following command will rotate your scanner in the
nearest direction to face the coordinates H~2D and Y~14:
Rotate Scanner To 20 14
Always list the H coordinate first, followed by a space and
then the Y coordinate. 00 not use a comma to separate
the coordinate pair.
iii-20
OSICCL71988AG
Use the following commBnd to rotBte your SCBnner to the

neBrest Bngle to fBce Bn enemy cybertBnk at its IBst
scanned position:
Rotate Scanner To Face Enemy Tank
The following commBnd rotBtes
direction the cybertBnk is facing:
your scanner to
the
Align Scanner with Tank
3.6
LOCKING THE SCANNER ON A TARGET
COMMAND STRUCTURE
5 eye
5 eye
I eye
I eye
Lock (Scanner)
Unlock ISc.lnner)
If (Scanner isl Locked then [Branch To: 001 "Label"
If (Scanner is! Unlocked then [Branch To: Dol "Label"
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
FindTilllk
Scan for Enemy Tank
If Enemy T.ll\k WilS Found then IT_Follnd
Brill1ch to FindT;lI1k
FT Found
Lod": ':;';iIJIJI!::r
~!:.!l.:rl::1:~:r
:ic V:a1u,!;r.e.tl
U]L~::rl :e:rJ.l:!l-cll
".rro
:Firl~ITil:n}.
Resume
The SCBnner lock, B speciBI item built into the CSS, CBn be
purchBsed in the Chessis Design Module (COM) if you hBue
enough credits in your bUdget. Wheneuer a "lock Scenner"
instruction is eHecuted, your cybertenk's scanner locks onto
the lest scanned object, whether it is e tree, house, or

another cybertenk. Since trees end houses do not moue, the
iii-21
OSICCL71988AG
most useful application for the scanner is to track the

mouement of enemy cybertanks.
NOH: I f an obstacle comes between your scanner and the
scanned object, the scanner can no longer "see" the object
and will automatically unlock. Also, enemy cybertanks may
be equipped with Jammers that can "unlock" your scanner.
Once your scanner is unlocked, you must continue scenning
and try to detect the cybertank again.
3.7
DETECTING A SCANNER LOCKED ON YOU
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 eye
1 eye
If (Tank isl Being Scanned Then [Branch To: Dol "Label"

If [Tank is] Not Being Scanned Then [Branch To: Do]
"Label"
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
Detect
UfJ ual1.r&:
i1~ i\l(O~
l.8\!:U1llg
:!::~11url~~1 'U"~)~ln
lB!l'&llrldl 1f1l:) lITnr-...N({j)
),lIn Scanner Signal
OT No
Resume
Oetermining if another cybertank is locked onto your

cybertank requires a special Listening Oeuice auailable in
the Chassis Oesign Module. When actiuated, the Listening
Oeuice checks whether or not your cybertank has been
locked onto by another cybertank's scanner. The aboue
eHample assumes the cybertank is equipped with a
Listening Oeuice and a Jammer (see Section 3.B), both of
which are fairly eHpensiue items.
iii-22
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
3.8
JAMMING THE ENEMY'S SCANNER
COMMAND STRUCTURE
8 eye
J(1m [Scanner Signal]
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
Detect
If T;1nk is Not Being Scanned Then Branch To DT_No
y,mn
(.f;i!1I11fl~:r ii~:.rli1J
DT_No
Resume
The Jam Stenner signal commend is useful only if your
cybertonk is equipped with 0 Jommer, 0 speciol device
ovoiloble in the Chossis Design Module (COM). The Jommer
will outomoticolly unlock 011 enemy cybertonk sconners
which hove locked onto your cybertonk. This provides on
opportunity for escope (hopefully) while enemy cybertonks
try to re-scan end detect your new location.
3.9
LAUNCHING REMOTE SCANNERS
COMMAND STRUCTURE
15 eye
1 eye
1 eye
L,nlnc], [Remote Scanner]

If Remole [Scanner is1 Available Theil ["Branch To: Do]
"Lobel"
If Remote lSci1nncr isl Unavail;1blc Then [Branch To : Do]
"Lobel"
EncmyX
EnclllyDist
EllcmyY
RClllolcsLcfl
iii23
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
EXAMPLE USAGE
TryLaunch
ilif
U~l!:lIH01~
S-t:i1:n:n.e:r
j~ UJJH1\7.))]TIn1Jlll.e Tall~Jl
iB:ral:ndl "Ir<o
TlL_i\I(l)
LL1Htll1ltli !RelffilO1.e S:!:<$l!I}!l'le:r
TL No
Resume
A Aemote Scanner is a special device available in the
Chassis Design Module (COM). When you purchase a Aemote
Scanner Launcher it is built into the CSS.
Aemote Launchers hold four Remote Scanners. When
"Launch Aemote Scanner" command is eHecuted,
Remote Launcher hurls a Remote Scanner into the
Remote Scanners are links between your cybertank and
oSICoM I satellite.
the
the
air.
the
Once a Remote Scanner is airborne and linked to the

satellite, it obtains the location of the enemy cybertank
nearest your cybertank. Remote Scanners are single use
items since they are destroyed upon impact with the
ground. At the start of each battle, your cybertank is loaded
with four Remote Scanners if it has been equipped with a
Remote Launcher.
OSICCL71988AG
SECTION 4
USING THE WEAPON

Effective vse of the Cybertank Weapon System (CWS) is
crucial to the design of a potent fighting machine. Knowing
when end where to fire is critical, and weapon maintenance
plays an important role in your suruiuBI. Some weapons fire
foster than others, and the amount and type of damage
inflicted on the enemy depends on weapon type.
NOTE: NO cybertank weapon can
Defense Shield.
fire
through its own
With all the variables that affect a weapon, it is importal't

to be thorough and eHercise caution before deciding to "pull
the trigger."
4.1
WEAPON DAMAGE AND REPAIR
COMMAND STRUCTURE
"I eye
1 eye
If Weapon [is1 Functional Then [Branch To: Dol "Label"

If Weapon [is] Not Functional Then [Branch To: Dol
"Label"
60 eye
Rcp"ir '''''capon
\'Ve<l p D.ll1lage
EXAMPLE USAGE
ChcckWeap
J1 \W:::;':lj.Jo:n :i.:; :F':!:W:th;Jli"l] TJI.!;:Il ]nl:.n-!:]) T<o CiY'1....:E:.::.ll
:,E::]J ilh ~1Y t i(\.' 011
CW Exit
Resullle
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
The CWS is used to damage and destroy the enemy as well

as ravage the landscape. A well maintained weapon is one
of the keys to survival. When the CWS is destroyed, your
cybertank is defenseless and generally doomed to oblivion.
Repair kits are available in the Chassis Design Module (COM)
end, if purchased, can be used at any time to reconstruct
the CWS.
4.2
DETERMINING IF AN OBJECT IS WITHIN RANGE
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 eye
1 cye
1 eye
1 eyc
1 eyc
1 eye
If [Enemy] Tank [is] Within [Weapon] Range then [Branch

To: Do] "Label"
If [Enemy] Tank [is] Beyond [Weapon] Range then [Branch
To: Do] "Label"
If [Closest] Object lis] Within [Weapon] Range then
[Branch To: Dol "Label"
If [Closest] Object [is] Beyond [Weapon] Range then
[Branch To: Do] "Label"
If Enemy HQ [is] Within [Weapon] Range then [Branch To :
Do] "Label lt
If Enemy HQ [is] Beyond [Weapon] Range then [Branch To:
Dol "Label"
None
EXAMPLE uSAGE
FindTank
Scan for Enemy Tank
If Enemy Tank Was Found Then Branch To CheckRange

Branch to FindTank
CheckRange
ill !E:ne:m:r "lfa11.n!k jz lBe:<t:):nil
Fire Weapon at Enemy Tank
Branch to FindTank
TooFar
Resume
iii-26
\1e~1~:O!l1 lfi<Jl!llge 'lf1h~:n ~!f\0:fllF,jl!l'
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
Scanners range from 20 to 50 hectometers, while the

weapons have only a four (4) hectometer maHimum range.
eel designers developed the above commands to determine
whether the last scanned Object, enemy cybertank or
enemy headquarters, is within (or beyond) your cybertank's
weapon range. The above eHample first scans to find an
enemy cybertank. Once found, it checks to see if the enemy
is beyond its maHimum weapon range. If the enemy is
beyond range, the cybertank resumes normal operation. If
an enemy is within range, the cybertank fires a shot and
returns to scanning.
4.3
FIRING THE WEAPON
COMMAND STRUCTURE
10 eye Fire {\"'eapon) ill (Enemy] Tank
40 eye
40 eye
40 eye
40 eye
. 10 eye
10 eye
Fire [Weaponl allCiosest) Objeel

Fire [""eapon) at Obstruction
Fire [''\'e:tponl at "X" "Y"
Fire [""eaponl OIl Tank Direction
Fire l\tVeapon) at SCOlnner Direction

Fire [\Neaponl Olt Enemy HQ
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
C1carl'ath
Detect Obstruction ... t Tank Direction
I f Movement is Not Obstructed then LctsMove
:F11=
"1'I!;i1}itJl1
irt
O!;~tr:g.c!jWl
lctsf\ love
Move Tank Forw:lrd 1
Resume
The ews is a very intelligent apparatus_ Using the many

possible variations of the above commond, your cybertank
can handle a wide variety of combat scenarios. For
eHample, when the command "Fire Weapon at Enemy Tank"
is eHecuted, your ews obtains the coordinates of the last
iii-27
OSICCL71988-AG
scanned enemy cybertank from the Cybertank Scanner

System (CSS). The weapon system turns the turret to the
correct direction and fires the weapon. The same procedure
is used to fire at specific locations. When firing at either
the Tank Direction or Scanner Direction, the CWS first aligns
the turret to the tank or the scanner direction.
After firing in a given direction, the projectile or laser hits
the first object in its path. If no object is in the path, the
projectile hits whatever is at the maHimum weapon range
(if anything). When a shot impacts an object, that object is
damaged according to the type of weapon used, Most
objects, like trees and houses, are easily demolished.
Enemy cybertanks, on the other hand, are more difficult to
destroy. Brick walls and large buildings are impervious to a
cybertank's firepower due to their reinforced design and
construction. Attempting to move through an indestructible
object is futile, and very damaging to your cybertank.
Special Note: The CWS WILL NOT fire the weapon if your
Defensive Shield is up (see Section 5.2 for more
information on the Defense Shield).
OS IC C L 71 988A G
SECTION 5
MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS
SECTI ON DR I EF
This section presents a collection of diuerse commands
which are generally useful, but not commonly used.
5.1
REPAIRING DAMAGE
COMMAND STRUCTURE
60 eye
60 eye
60 eye
60 eye
60 eye
1 cyc
1 eye
Repair Internal
Repair Armor
Repair Treads
Repair Scanner
Repair Weapon
If [Repair] Kit [is] Available then [Branch To: Do] "Label"
If [Repair] Kit [is] Unavailable then [Branch To: Do] "Label"
IntOamage
ArmorDamage
ScanDamage
TreadOamage
WeapDamage
KilsLeft
EXAMPLE USAGE
TreadFixer
If Tank Treads are Not Functional Then FixTreads
Resume
FixTreads
il:f If:c!:jpDh U-::H h
A\1~:lJ~b)e
Ji.h:al1
!F~~'!]t1
Resume
FixJt
Ultepi1J:r T:reil..;l.;
Resume
A Aepair Kit is a special item auailable in the Chassis Design

Module (COM). It contains many contraptions, gizmos, and
gadgets used to repair the uarious mechanisms and
iii-29
OS I-CC L-71988-AG
instruments on a cybertank. When a .. Repair..... command is

eHecuted, assuming a Repair Kit is auailable, a percentage
of the damaged equipment is repaired. Only a small amount
of damage will be completely fiHed. Four separate repair
kits are included when this option is purchased.
5.2
DEFENSE SHIELD
COMMAND STRUCTURE
10 eye
5 eye
1 eye
I eye
RaiselShieldl
Lower [Shield]
If Shield (is1 Up Then [Branch To: Do} "Label"
If Shield [is] Down Then [Branch To: Dol "Label"
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
ChkShieid
:If f}]d~hl
j~ lDtn'Y:Il "nl~n ])(t):QjJ(l
ll.'o~'1e:r Sld~Jil
Shoolll
Fire ''''capon at Enemy Tank
Resume
A Defense Shield is a special item auailable in the Chassis

Design Module (COM) which helps protect your cybertank
from damage. When the Defense Shield is raised, an
electro-magnetic field surrounds your cybertank reducing
the amount of damage incurred by enemy cybertank fire.
There are three drawbacks to using a Defense Shield. The
electro-magnetic field created by the shield reduces the
maHimum range of the cybertank's scanner; the CWS Will
NOT fire a weapon through the shield (in order to fire, your
cybertank must first lower its Shield); the shield, when
raised, consumes fuel. It is recommended that you raise the
Defense Shield only when necessary and lower it as quickly
as possible.
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
5.3
DETERMINING FUEL LEVEL
COMMANO STRUCTURE
1 cyc
If Fuel ( isl Emply Then (Branch To: Dol "Label"
If Fuel [isl RCI11;lining Then (Branch To: Dol "Label"
"eye
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
ChkFul'1
11 :.F:nB] 1:. :E.:W}lty TJi.e:n :.B:ntJ1dl ao
NoNJD\'1~
Move Forw<lrd 1
Noi\'1ove
Resume
All cybertanks require fuel to power onboard mechanical
deuices. Without fuel, a cybertank is a sit ting duck. A lack
of fuel affects the fOllowing:
I. The MOS, CSS, and CWS are inoperable.
2. All mouement is terminated.
3. All CommLink communications are halted.
4. The Oefense Shield cannot be raised.
As you can see, running out of fuel is no triuial matter. It is
an important consideration in the design of your
cybertank's AI. Always try to keep mouement to a minimum,
since it is a big fuel consumer. The Energy Miser, auailable
in the Chassis Oesign Module (COM), is an important option
since it reduces fuel consumption by approHimately 50'7.
OfE: [uen though your cybertank moy run out of fuel, its
internal computer systems still continues processing logic
functions. The AI still eHecutes ond TAYS to carry out all
commands. If you design your cybertank to check its fuel
leuel regularly, you can have it branch to a special routine
(possibly self-destruct at that point) when it detects a lack
of fuel.
iii31
OSICCl?' 988AG
5.4
WHEN ALL ELSE FAILS
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 eye
Self Destruct

All
EXAMPLE USAGE
Cheek A II
I f Tank Treads arc Functional Then Branch to OK
If Scanner is Functional Then Branch to OK
If ""capon is Functional Then Branch to OK
If Fuel is Remaining Then Branch to OK
If Repair Kit is Available Then Branch to OK
tsE]f lD~~~::r.m:j
OK
Resume
This command is pretty self-eHplanatory. When your

cybertank is really down and out, the only noble thing to do
is Self Destruct.
5.5
GENERALLY USEFUL COMMANDS
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 eye Get Distance [To] "X"IIY"

1 eye Gel Random ITo #1
1 eye Beep
o eye .. (asterisk)
XYDisl
RandomNulll
jjj32
OSICCL71988AG
EXAMPLE USAGE
CheckDist
(G~1 W1Z"tilll'!:"!?
lllQ :J. 11
If XYDist > 30 then MaybeGo

This is a comment line
Movelt
Turn Tank to 1 1
Move T.lnk Forward 1
>l-
IElE(!-1!p
Resume
You can put anything you want here
MaybeGo
CGte~ If,{.ulUil([:HIl \liO lliDU
If RandomNum > 50 then NoGo
Branch to Movelt
>l- All of this is ignored by the computer systems
No Go
>I-
Resume
The aboue commands were deueloped after some of the

staff at OS I fought long and hard for their deuelopment. The
commands, while not necessary for the "eueryday" use of a
cybertank, proue useful in some instances.
The "Get Random" command was deueloped because some
employees wanted their cybertanks to randomly moue left
or right when searching for any enemy.
Rnother employee wanted to know which corner of the map
was nearest his cybertank so he could decide where to go
when it was time to run and hide. The "Get Distance"
command proued uery useful in this case.
The "Beep" command produces a short beep sound useful in
debugging certain routines in your RI.
The last statement cannot really be called a command. The
"." (asterisk) is used to comment your RI design. The
cybertank's on-board computer system recognizes any line
that starts with an asterisk as a comment line and does not
attempt to eHecute it. I t should be noted that the asterisk
must be in the left-most column. Rny teHt, comments, or
eHplanations which follow an asterisk are ignored. It is
iii33
OSI-CC L-719BB-AG
suggested that all employees comment their AI.

Commenting is eHtremely helpful when eHamining AI code
months after it was originally written,
The asterisk character appears as a diamond shope
on these terminal types,
5.6
SETTING A "BREAKPOINT'
COMMAND STRUCTURE
oeye
Break
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
ChcckEncmy
Scan for Enemy Tank
If Enemy Tank W"s Not Found Then Branch To Done
If Enemy T,1Ilk Is Not WiLhin ""capon Rilllge Then Br<lnch To
Done
DOlle
Resume
The "Break" command is only important when testing a

cybertank in the Cybertank Test Module (CTM) (see Port 2,
Section 5). When eHecuted, the "Break" command halls
eHecution, but only in the CTM. While bottling in the
Combat Simulation Module (CSM) (see Port 2, Section 4), the
"Break" command does absolutely nothing. The cybertank's
on-board computer system ignores the command and
continues eHecution with the neHt instruction.
iji34
OSICCL71988AG
5.7
ATTAINING MANUAL CONTROL
COMMAND STRUCTURE
If llilstl Key (Pressed] Then {Branch To: Dol "Label"

If (Last] Key [Pressed] = "1 character" Then [Branch To: Dol
"LJbcl"
1 eye
1 eye
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
ReadKey
l'J1l nl!;:Il
111;;]:
J'1:~:y
P:r.:.z::!;d ::::
11111~1
J{ey
Y'Jt:,:;,:;eJ.l :::: 1r.Fn 'lJl'~:n
]:I
:B:n1J1!:11 l!> NJeD\'1e:F!J:nfd

:B:nmdl '!:D :rj1e
Resume
1'vlovcForwd
Move Tank Forwilrd 1
Branch to Done
Fire
Fire 'Veapon at Closest Object
Done
Resume
The Cybertank Remote System (CRS) provides a great deal of
control over your cybertank's actions. The CRS is basically a
link between your terminal's keyboard and your cybertank.
By issuing one letter commands [R-Z) from your terminal's
keyboard during simulations, you can alter the behavior of
your cybertank.
The above eHample checks to see if the "I" or "F" keys have
been pressed. If either were pressed, the CRS passes the
information to the cybertank's AI so it can respond
accordingly by branching to the correct label. If neither the
", .. nor "F" key were pressed, then the cybertank continues
to function as usual.
Cybertanks that rely on Ihe CRS 10 respond to keyboard
control are often called Manual cybertanks. Manual
cyberlBnks haue a tremendous eduentege ouer standard AI
iii35
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
cybertanks because the cybertank benefits from the

designer's logic and reasoning capabilities during a
simulation. When designing Manual cybertanks, you do not
haue to worry about designing AI to moue around
indestructible bUildings, auoid water, or retreat from the
enemy. I t is much easier to design a Manual cybertank.
5.8
SEQUENCE COMMANDS
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 eye Branch To "Label"

1 eye Goto "Label"
1 eye Do "Label"
1 eye Gosub "Label"
1 eye Resume
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
TankProg
lD>n ~~<11UIlB!11lB:Ul:7
1!J>t> iYJt>w<!!lFiJ'\>nl
lBJl'<11!!H:ill 11(0 1l'c1lln!k1P!l'<eg
SeanEnemy
Scan For Enemy Tank
If Enemy Tank Found Then 1Ilf)
\S~)'o'o1Ua
!g~~"ll!l1)e
MovcFrwd
Move Tank Forward 1
!R.(!!~~l:mte
Shootll
If Enemy Tank is 'oVilhin Range Then ij),Q
~G]]}l
ll{~z;!un(!!
Kilill
Fire at Enemy Tank
lf~ce~:tll1)~
The Sequence Commands listed aboue play an important role
iii36
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
in the design of your cybertonk's AI. The "Branch" and

"Goto" commands direct the eHecution of your cybertank's
AI to a specific "Label". When a "Branch" and "Goto"
command is eHecuted, your cybertank's on-board computer
system searches the AI for the specified "Label." Once
located, the computer system begins to eHecute the
commands found directly after the "Label."
The "00" and "Gosub" commands are similar to the "Goto"
and "Branch" commands, eHcept that the on-board
computer system remembers which instruction the "00" or
"Gosub" is on. When EI "Resume" command is encountered,
eHecution is directed to the line directly after the line
which contained the "00" or "Gosub." This is useful if there
is a routine in your cybertank's AI which is needed at
seuerallocations in your cybertank's AI program. Instead of
typing the routine repeatedly, you can eHecute a "00" or
"Gosub" each time the routine is needed. Using the above
eHample, the small routine named "Killit" can be called
from anywhere in a cybertank's AI. Since the routine ends
with a "Aesume" statement, eHecution will ALWAYS resume
to the line directly after the "00 Killit" instruction.
Now to follow the procedure with another eHample:
Example
iD:o
>t ..
iYj&l~~~:p.nnl
llJ:o lJ(l)\Y~:F~'1:ril
iD\O ,tcllll:E:nelllY
IB1'Ul:ndl U:O :.a~~'J):Ul:pl.e
MakePath
If Movement is Not Obstructed Then "B:ru:m;}l U<D NJnJt'e!D}:
MakcOk
:gtes~nn&
MoveFwrd
Move Tank Forward 1
!R (!? 131.n:t11 ~
iii-37
OSICCL-71988AG
ScanEncmy
Scan for Enelll}' Tank
If Enemy Tank Not Found Then le:ril:udi T([) i"JIJ:E:n~:lll}'
If Enemy Tank is Beyond \Veapon RanGe Then ill:r111l!::h TID
i'\l OiE:r1ElJ1Y
Fire ''''capon at Enemy Tank
NoEncmy
lflemtllJllt'
Ok, now 10 follow Ihe logic in Ihis AI seclion:
1.
The routine "MakePalh"
MakePath" command.
is
called
with
the
"Do
2.
The routine "MakePath" checks to see if there is an
obstruction. If there is no mouement obstruction, then
eHecution branches to "MakeOK". If there is an obstruction,
then Ihe cybertank fires at it (and hopefully destroys it).
3.
Whether there was an obstruction or not, the AI winds
up at "MakeDk". At "MakeOK" there is a "RESUME"
command. This command returns the AI back to the
command directly after the "Do MakePath". In other words,
eHecution continues at the line "00 MoueFwrd'.
4.
The commend "Do MoueFwrd" sends eHecution to the
routine "MoueFwrd".
5.
The "MoueFwrd" routine simply moues the cybertank
forward 1 hectometer.
6.
The "RESUME" command sends eHecution back to Ihe
line directly after the "Do MoueFwrd" command, which is
the "Do ScanEnemy" command.
7.
The "00 ScanEnemy" command sends the AI to the
routine called "ScanEnemy".
8.
The routine "ScanEnemy" checks to see if an enemy
can be found and if so, is it within weapon range. If an
enemy cybertenk is not found, or one is found but is out of
weapon range, then the RI will branch to the label
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
"NoEnemy". If on enemy is found AND it is within weopon

range, then the cybertonk will fire ot it.
9.
Whether 0 cybertonk wos fired ot or not,
winds up ot the label "NoEnemy_" At "NoEnemy"
"AESUME" commond. This commond returns the
commond directly ofter the "Do SconEnemy."
words, eHecution continues at the line "Branch to
eHecution
there is 0
AI to the
In other
EHample."
1O.
The commond "Bronch to EHomple" loops the AI bock
up to the label "EHomple" ond the whole process is
repeated ouer Bnd ouer.
5_9
INCLUDING CAPSULE ROUTINES
COMMAND STRUCTURE
o eye Include "At Capsule file name"

None
EXAMPLE USAGE
TankProg
Do SCilnEllclllY
Do MovcFnvd
Br.lllch to TankProg
lllld~\.t1fB J..:.Jl:n:.E:n~:rn;y
lI1-!:hl ~IE iVl,u\),'8:F:rHil

The "Include ... " commond simply mokes it eosier to creote
cybertonks. The directors ond engineers at OSI hove
designed many useful ond commonly used routines thot con
be included in your cybertank's AI. By using the" Include .. _"
command, on OSI AI Copsule is incorporoted into your
cybertank's AI during the Authorizotion process. For more
informBtion on including Capsules in your AI, please see
Part 4.
iii-39
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
SECTION 6
USING THE COMMUNICATIONS LINK
The cybertank Communications link (Commlink), II specilll

deuice which Clln purchllsed in the Chassis Design Module
(COM), enables communication between cybertanks on the
same tellm. When using cybertllnks in the Tellm mode, it is
often useful to trllnsmit ullrious data or instructions to
other members of the team. Effectiue use of the Commlink
llids in the performllnce of complicllted tacticlli mllneuuers
by II tellm of cybertanks.
6.1
TURNING THE COMMLINK ON AND OFF
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 cyc
1 cyc
Switch [CommLink] On
Switch [CommLinkl Off
None
EXAMPLE USAGE
CheckBase
Scan for Enemy HQ
If Enemy HQ was Found Then TellTeam
Resume
TellTeam
~\ffl~l!:'~1
<Cro:t1l111lLhlz. (Q):n
Transmit Code 1 To Team

S\Ni"k]) I!)O:Ul:r.lllLhl~'" J>1J
Resume
The aboue commllnds switch your cybertank's Commlink on
lind off. When on, your cybertank Clln send lind receiue
tellm member trllnsmissions. When off, your cybertllnk's
Commlink: can neither send nor receiue transmissions.
iii-40
OSI-CCL-71988-AG
6.2
TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING ON THE

COMMLINK
COMMAND STRUCTURE
1 eye
1 eye
1 eye
Tr<lllsmit [Codel "#" (To Team)

Clear ICol11JllLinkl Data
Copy [ColllmLinkj Data
AllyNum
AlIyCodc
AllyX
AllyY
AlIyDisl
AlIyDir
CopyEnemyDist
AllyEncm)'X
AlIyEnel1lYY
AlIyEnel1lyDisl
AlIyEnel1lyDir
CopyNul1l
CopyCode
CopyX
CopyY
CopyDisl
CopyDir
CopyEncm)'X
CopyEncmyY
CopyEnemyOir
(For a complete description of these System Uariables, see

AppendiH 2.)
EXAMPLE USAGE
CheckComm
If AHyeode <> then CodcHcrc
:le11:r C:ru:mILhl}.
Branch to CheckComm
CodeHere
Switch COJnm Link Off
CCO}'}' (C<D:m:U11lnl-:
i[}3)111
Switch CommLink On
If CopyCode;:: 1 Then EnemyFound
If CopyCocte;:: 2 Then BaseFound
Resume
The three commands listed aboue are essential in the

operation of the CommLink:. By transmitting uarious codes,
a team of cybertanks can consolidate its forces and
knowledge, forming a colossal army. The code actually
transmitted uia CommLink can range from 0 to 100.
Cybertanks on a team haue the option of ignoring any signal
transmitted. For eHample, if the third cybertank on a team
sends a code of 7, which all members of the team haue
iii-41
OSICCl71988AG
designated as a distress call, any cybertank on the team

can either ignore the distress call or speed to the rescue.
I t is important to remember that all incoming transmissions
update all of the System Uariables in the Commlink (only if
your cybertank's Commlink is switched onl. To effectiuely
use the Commlink as a receiuer, a cybertank should:
I. After checking the "AllyCode". turn off the Commlink
with the Swilch CommLink Off command.
2. Use the Copy CommLink 0010 command to establish a

copy of all transmitted uariables
3. Use the Swifch CommLink On command to re-establish
communications.
When the Copy CommLink command is eHecuted, all of the
System Uariables within the Commlink are copied ouer to
the "Copy ... " System Uariables. All of the new copied System
Uariables begin with the word "CoPy" and should be used in
any subsequent AI commands. Based upon the aboue
distress call, a cybertank which is instructed to attempt a
rescue should do the following:
1. Check to see if the System Uariable "AllyCode" equals 7.
2. If "AllyCode" is 7, then Switch CommLink Off to preuent
any incoming transmissions which would ouerwrite the
needed System Uariables.
3. Use the Copy CommLink Oala command to make a coPy
of the needed System Uariables.
4. Switch CommLink On to allow the checking 0 f new
incoming transmissions. This allows the cybertank to
change its duties based upon new information. For eHample,
the discouery of enemy headquarter's by another team
member may be more important than sauing the team
member in distress. Remember, as the AI designer, it is up
to you to determine your cybertank's priorities.
iii-42
OSICCL71988AG
5. Use the "Copy ... " System Uariables (CopyH, CoPyY, etc ... )
to home in on the team member in distress.
The aboue, written in CeL, would resemble the following:
CheckComm
An AllyCode of 7 means team-member being attacked
An A1lyCode of 1 means enemy HQ found
If AllyCode = 7 then Branch To Rescue
If AllyCode = 1 Ihen Branch To FoundHQ
Resume
Rescue
The cybertank now knows that a team-member is being
attacked.
Switch CommLink Off
Copy CommLink Data
Switch CommLink On
The CommLink is turned off to ensure that new incoming
transmissions do not over-write the current values in the
CommLink. The CommLink data is copied into another set
of System Variables that are NOT overwritten by incoming
CommLink transmissions. It is this second set of System'
Variables that is used in subsequent AI commands. The
CommLink is turned back on so that the cybertank can
continue monitoring in case a more important transmission
is received (like the Enemy HQ being found).
GoToTank
This small routine moves the cybertank toward the teammember that sent the distress signal. Since fhe Copy
CommLink Data command was issued. the System Variables
CopyX and CopyY are used as the cybertank's destination.
Along the way, the cybertank continues checking the
AllyCode System Variable in the CommLink to see if any
team-member has found the enemy HQ.
Turn Tank to CopyX CopyY
Detect Obstruction at TankDir
iii-43
OSICCL71988-AG
if Movement Is Not Obstructed Then Branch To Move

Fire Weapon at TankDir
Move
Move Tank Forward
Now, check to see if anyone has found the enemy HQ
If AllyCode
1 then Branch To FoundHQ
Now, check to see if the cybertank is at its destination

If TankX <> CopyX Then Branch To GoToTank
If TankY <> CopyY Then Branch To GoToTank
If at destination, then return to the main AI

Resume
FoundHQ
If the enemy HQ was found, the cybertank should perform the
same procedure as when moving to a team-member in
distress.
Switch Commlink Off
Copy Commlink Data
Switch Commlink On
Branch To GoToHQ
Now, the cybertank is free to use the ..Copy..... System
Variables to proceed to the team-member which found
the enemy HQ. Since this routine is a great deal like the
GoToTank routine used above, we will just assume the
routine is written and is called GoT 0 H Q.
iii-44
PART 4:
OSI-CR-71988-AG
Capsule Reference
PART 4
CAPSULE REFERENCE
SYNOPS I S
This section is a must for new employees. The Capsule
Routine Reference details the "hows" and "whys" of using
pre-defined AI routines. Capsule routines can simplify the
creation of a cybertank's AI. Employees can "plug-in"
uarious routines to perform diuerse operations .
iv-1
PART 4:
OSICR71988AG
SECTION
Capsule Reference
GENERAL INFORMATION
SECTION BRIEF
This section defines CBpsules Bnd how they Bre used.
1.1
WHAT IS A CAPSULE?
A CBpsule is B pre-defined AI routine thBt CBn be

incorporBted into B cybertBnk's AI. CBpsule routines CBn
perform Bny cybertBnk function. For eHBmple, B CBpsule
routine Cfln hunt for an enemy, moue around an obstacle.
retreBt from B battle, Bnd much more. CBpsule routines
range from the simple to the compleH.
1.2
HOW TO USE A CAPSULE
OSI engineers Bnd designers hBue created seueral Capsule
routines to perform uarious task:s.

To eHBmine an OS I CBpsule routine, select 0 E S I 6 N
CYBERTANK from the IIDIH'iO~ menu in the ECM. NeHt, select
LOAD from the ~fI.llP~lJJo.l< menu in the OCM. The File RetrleuBI
PBnel (FRP) Bppears.
Select the nBme of the desired CBpsule Bnd then select the
OPEN but ton.
NOTE:
For users of Commodore 64 Bnd Apple
11+,c,e terminBls only:

The OSI CBpsule
RESOURCE disc.
routines
iv-2
Bre
found
on
the
PART 4:
OSI-CR-71988-AG
Capsule Reference
At this point, you are transferred to the AI Module, but you

are NOT working on a cybertank's AI -- you are working on a
Capsule routine. You must INCLUOE (or incorporate) a
Capsule in a cybertank's AI.
1.3
OSI CAPSULE STANDARDS
EHcept for three Capsules written eHclusiuely for the OSI

Training Guide, all Capsules designed by OSI obserue the
standard conuentions listed below. Capsule routines
created by new employees do NOT need to follow these
capsule standards.
Capsule Uariables
For all User Uariables listed below, a ualue of zero implies
"NOT SET", while a ualue of one implies "SET".
The following User Uariables must be set or cleared BEFORE

calling an OSI Capsule routine. If the uariables are
undefined they are assumed to haue a ualue of zero lie.,
not set).
L.ABOAT - If set, all OSI Capsule routines abort if the
cybertank incurs any damage during eHecution. If not set,
any damage is ignored during eHecution of the routine.
L.IUATEA - If set, all OSI Capsule routines trauerse
through water when mouing the cybertank. If this uariable
is not set l the cybertBnk: always auoids water.
L.CUAA - If set, all OSI Capsule routines moue around

any obstructions in the cybertank's path. If not set, all OSI
Capsule routines fire the cybertank's weapon at the
obstruction, allowing forward mouement. If the obstruction
cannot be destroyed (ie., a building), the cybertank witl
moue around it.
iV-3
PART 4:
OSI-CR-71988-AG
Capsule Reference
The fallowing User Ueriables will be set or cleered AFTEA an

OSI Cepsule routine has eHecuted. This ellows you to
determine why the Cepsule routine hes eborted or finished
its eHecution.
L.OAMAGE? - Set if the cyber,tenk incurred damage
during eHecution of en OSI Capsule routine. All OSI Capsule
routines set this variable if the cybertank is damaged. If
you did not set l.ABORT, damage is not checked during
eHecution end this variable will never be set.
L.ENEMYFOUND? - Set if an enemy cybertank is found
during a search routine.
L.ENEMYLOST? - Set if an enemy tank being tracked is
no longer found by the scanner, This occurs during a hunt,
when an obstruction comes between the two cybertenks.
L.INAANGE? - Set if an enemy cybertank being hunted
or scanned J~ I~ithin the cybertank's weapon range.
iv-4
PART 4:
OSI-CR-71988-AG
1.4
Capsule Reference
osr CAPSULE ROUTINES
The following is 0 list of oil OS I engineered Copsule routines

ouoiloble on the Resource disc. A brief eHplonotion of eoch
Copsule routine is included. Also included here is the lobel
name that should be used when accessing the Capsule
Aoutines. For eHomple, if you included the routine

CenterSeorch in your AI, you could use the CCL instruction
"00 Center" to perform the CenterSeorch routine.
1.4.1
"SEARCH FOR ENEMY" CAPSULES
CenterSeorch
) Lobel to use when colling: CENTER
This Copsule routine moues the cybertonk to the center
of the bottle field. While mouing, it seorches for enemy
cybertonks. Once the cybertonk is in the center of the
bottle field, the Copsule routine continues 0 ropid but
thorough seorch pottern. Any cybertonk thot uses this
routine is looking for trouble.
Primory Usoge: This Copsule is uery offense-oriented.
I t is useful ogoinst enemy cybertonks thot come stroight ot
on enemy. The quick sconner seorch detects them long
before they ore within weopon ronge.
Weokness:
This Copsule is impeded somewhot by
certoin bottlefield designs. If, for eHomple, 0 design hinders
occess to the uery center of the bottlefield, the cybertonk
is uulnerable to a sneak attack: while searching for B route
to the center.
iv-5
PART 4:
OSICA71988-AG
Capsule Reference
CornerSearch
> Label to use when calling: CORNER
This Capsule routine finds the corner nearest the
cybertank and moues toward it. During the moue, it
searches for enemy cybertanks. The theory behind moving
to the corner for protection (which was devised by a clever
young engineer at 051) is that yaur cybertank's "back is
covered" and enemy cybertanks can attack your cybertank
from only three angles.
Primary Usage: This Capsule is a defense-oriented routine.
Using the corners of the battlefield, a cybertank gains an
advantage due to the protection of the walls. In addition,
nestling up in a nice safe corner reduces the need for
movement and conserves fuel.
Weakness:
While this routine is defense oriented,
a
cybertank using it is usually discavered by enemy
cybertanks. This is due, in part, to the nature of some
lower-level cybertanks "hugging" the battlefield walls.
Another drawback is that retreat ar a "break and run" is
restricted to a few directions.

EdgeSearch
> Label to use when calling: EDGE
This Capsule routine searches for enemy cybertanks by
traversing the edges of the battlefield.
Primary Usage: This Capsule is effective in searching most
of the battlefield. By following the battlefield walls, very
little of the battlefield remains unscanned.
Weakness:
Some battlefield designs are effective in
countering this Capsule. Since the Capsule attempts to
follow the battlefield walls, battlefield configurations with
dead-ends make the cybertank spend a lot of time "getting
its bearings." Cybertanks are vulnerable to attack during
such periods.
iv-6
PART 4:
OSICR71988AG
Capsule Reference
RendomSeerch
> Lebel to use when ceiling: RNDSERRCH
This Capsule routine rendomly roems the bettie field
seerching for enemy cybertenks.
Primery Usege: Since this Cepsule is rendom in design, it
fosters uarious, unpredictable results. Random mouement
mekes the cybertenk difficult to treck -- sometimes it
moues left, sometimes it moues right.
Week ness: The primery downfall of this Capsule is its
"randomness" or illogical actions. For eHemple, e cybertenk
using this Cepsule can be in uery close proHimity to an
enemy cybertenk end neuer detect it, while the enemy
cybertenk, by using e uery systematic seerch pettern, is
able to detect the "random" cybertenk.
SitSeerch
> Label to use when ceiling: SITSERRCfI
This Cepsule routine instructs the cybertenk to sit in
one spot and scen for on enemy cybertenk. That's all it does
-- uery sweet, uery simple.
Primery Usege: This Capsule routine is uery effectiue in
detecting eny enemies in close proHimity. It sefeguerds
egeinst eccidently stumbling upon en enemy with defenses
down, end is eHtremely fuel efficient.
Weekness:
using this
bettlefield
plecement
(CSM) may
Because of the leck of mouement, e cybertenk

routine is eHtremely limited in the emount of
it can successfully scen. Rlso, the initiel rendom
of cybertenks by the Combat Simuletion Module
not be in e uery eduentegeous position.
iv-7
OSI-CR-71988-AG
1.4.2
PART 4:
Capsule Reference
"TRRCKING" CRPSULES
BeeLineHunt
> Label to use when calling: BEELINE
Rs the name implies, this Capsule routine mal<es a beeline towards an enemy cybertanl<. The routine attempts to
moue towards the enemy cybertanl< until the enemy is
within weapon range. This routine assumes that an enemy
cybertanl< has already been detected.
Primary Usage: This Capsule routine is used to QUicl<ly
approach an enemy cybertanl<. Slower tracl<ing routines
orten lose the trail of uery mobile enemy cybertanl<s. This
routine was designed to prouide maHimum speed during
"the hunt".
Weal<ness: Since this Capsule is preoccupied with getting to
the enemy cybertanl< Quicl<ly, it orten moues the cybertanl<
into weapon range without being prepared to attacl<. R
cybertanl< using this Capsule routine rarely gets off the
first shots during a battle confrontation.
Tracl<Enemy
> label to use when calling: TRRCK
This Capsule routine tracl<s a located enemy cybertanl<.
It does NOT actiuely seel< out an enemy, since it assumes an
enemy has already been found. Rs long as the enemy
cybertanl< continues to moue closer, this routine instructs
the cybertanl< to remain stationary. If the wait is eHtended,
your cybertanl< will moue toward the enemy.
Primary Usage: This Capsule routine is most effectiue when
speed is not of the essence. Since the enemy cybertanl< is
usually mouing toward you, your cybertanl< typically fires
the first few shots.
PART 4:
OSI-CR-719BB-AG
Capsule Reference
Weakness: This routine slowly tracks an enemy cybertank

and escape is a definite possibility.
WaitForEnemy
> Label to use when calling: WAIT
This Capsule routine instructs your cybertank to sit in
one spot and woit for an enemy cybertank. This routine
assumes that an enemy has already been found.
Primary Usage: This Capsule routine is most eHectiue
against slow, hulking, uery powerful enemy cybertanks.
Since a cybertank using this Capsule routine remains
stationary while tracking an enemy, it is almost always
assured the first shots. Against powerful enemies, the first
few shots are eHtremely important.
Weakness: The primary weakness of this routine is that a
cybertank is uulnerable to attack when stationary. While
waiting for an identified enemy to approach, other
cybertanks can approach without detection.
1.4_3
"ENEMY TEAMINATION" CAPSULES
BerserkAttack
) Label to use when calling: BERSERK
As the nome implies, this Capsule routine is a full-force
attack on an opponent. This Capsule simply fires the
cybertanl<'s weapon ten times in a row -- no thinking, no
wasted time, just plain old fashioned brute force.
Primary Usage: This Capsule is best suited for attacking
slow, hulking cybertanks that come straight in for the kill.
The combination of this Capsule with a uery fast weapon
(lasers) results in a uery deadly cybertank.
iv-9
PART 4:
OSICR71988AG
Capsule Reference
Weakness: This method of attack is only effectiue as long

as the enemy cybertank sits still long enough to receiue all
ten hits (if it takes that many). This routine is uery
ineffectiue against cybertanks that are known to be Quick
and uery mobile.
KiliTank
> Label to use when calling: KILLTANK
This Capsule routine fires the cybertank's weapon at an
enemy cybertank until the enemy is destroyed or is no
longer detected by the scanner. If the enemy cybertank
moues out of weapon range, then this Capsule will moue
toward it until obstructed.
Primary Usage: This Capsule routine is primarily used
against enemy cybertanks that are known to flee from
combat. Your cybertank will chase a fleeing enemy.
Weakness:
This Capsule routine is inefficient against
cybertanks that employ a techniQue known as "back-Up and
wait. A cybertank which uses this techniQue will moue
backward one hectometer, wait for the opposing cybertank
to moue forward into range, then fire and moue backward
again. For a cybertonk to successfully use this techniQue it
must haue a fast weapon and a light chassis for maHimum
firing and maneuuering speed.
NormalAttack
> Label to use when calling: ATTACK
This Capsule is a standard attack routine. Your
cybertank fires at on enemy cybertank until it either moues
beyond weapon range or is not detected by the scanner.
Primary Usage: This Capsule routine is, as the name implies,
the normal attacking procedure. Since this Capsule routine
does NOT attempt to follow an enemy cybertank, it is uery
i v -1
OSICR7,988AG
PART 4:
Capsule Reference
effectiue against those cybertanks which use Ihe "back-up

and fire" technique (see KillTank aboue).
Weakness:
This routine does not haue any major
weaknesses. It is a basic and predictable attack pattern.
1.4.4
"FLEE FROM ENEMY" CAPSULE
P a nit
> Label to use when calling: PANIC

This Capsule routine instructs a tybertank 10 Quickly
moue backwords ten hectometers. It does NOT check for
obstacles while backing-up. If there is an indestructible
obstacle behind the cybertank. damage will be incurred.
Primary Usoge: This Capsule routine is typically used to
Quickly disengage from a combat situation. For eHample. if
your cybertank becomes seuerely damaged during a baIlie.
it can use this routine to get oul of the immediate area for
a Quick breather (or to attempt repairs).
Weakness:
Since it does not check for obstacles. the
primory weakness of this Capsule is that the cybertank will
probably incur damage while backing up.
OSI-COT-121988-AG
PART 5
COMBAT OBJECTIVES AND

TACTICS
SYNOPSIS
The OSI/CACO System 2 offers many different simulation
possibilities. Each uariation presents it own strategic
options and subtleties.
v-'
OSI-COT-121988-AG
SECTION
MELEE
SECTION BRIEF
The most common type of simulation is known as Melee.
Melee is an all out free-for-all. Each cybertank in a melee
simulation is an enemy of euery other cybertank.
1.1
MELEE OBJECTIVE
The only objectiue during a melee simulation is to be the

last actiue cybertank left on the battlefield. This objectiue
can be attained through a number of strategic possibilities_
1.2
MELEE TACTICS
1.2.1
Destroying the Other Cybertanlcs
The most common method of being uictorious in a melee
simulation is to destroy all the other cybertanks in the
simulation. If there are many other cybertanks in the
melee, then a cybertank must be uery powerful if it is to
haue a chance at being uictorious. The chances of
encountering two or more enemy cybertanks at the same
time is relatiuely high; thUS, a cybertank in a large melee
must be able to sustain damage "from behind" while
attacking another enemy.
During a small, or one-on-one melee, the uictory does not
necessarily go to the most powerful cybertank, but to the
cybertank With the "cleuerest" AI design_ For eHample, a
small, quick cybertank can moue in on a larger, more
powerful tank and get off a couple of shots before the
larger tank is able to react. If this process is successfully
v-2
OS I-G OT -1 21988-A G
repeated, then any cybertanl: can "wear down" a much

larger, more powerful tank:.
1.2.2 Hiding From the Other cybertanl:s
The other commonly used tactic in winning a melee
simulation is that of hiding from the other cybertanks.
While this method is less eHciting, it still produces a large
number of uictories. The cyberlanl: that attempts to hide
usually moues to the closest corner and sits there. By hiding
in the corner, a cybertanl: is protected from assaults from
behind by the battlefield wall. A cybertanl: hiding in the
corner is less Iil:ely to be detected by other cybertanl:s, and
while hiding, the other cybertanl:s are roaming around the
battlefield, destroying each other. The other cybertanl:s are
using a great deal of fuel mouing around the battlefield,
while the cybertanl: in the corner is stationary and
conserues fuel.
v-3
OSI-COT-121988-AG
Part 5
SECTION
Combat Objectives
TEAM COMBAT
SECTION BRIEF
Cybertanl<s can also engage in team combat simulation.
Team combat pits groups of cybertanl<s, composed of up to
seven cybertanl<s, against one another. Team combat offers
many strategic possibilities.
2.1
ABSOLUTE TERMINATION
As in a melee simulation, a team of cybertanl<s can be

Victorious by destroying all of the cybertanl<S on the
opposing team [see Part 2, Section 3 for more information
on the Simulation Design Module (SOM) and setting up
cybertanl< teams]. With up to seven cybertanl<s per team,
this can prove to be a uery difficult tasl<. To be effective, a
team of cybertanl<S should employ the use of a CommUnI<
(see Section 2.3 for more information regarding the
CommUnl<). By using the CommUnI< effectively, a team of
cybertanl<s can pool their resources and information. For
eHample, cybertanl<s on the same team can come to the
rescue of a team-member who is being attacl<ed. I t should
be noted that any cybertanl<s in the simulation that have
NOT been placed on a team are treated as if they were in a
melee simulation (Ie., all other cybertanl<s are the enemy>.
2.2
HEADQUARTERS TERMINATION
The Simulation Design Module (SOM) allows a headquarters

building to be placed on the battlefield for each of the two
teams. A team that destroys an enemy's headquarters is
the uictor in teem combat.
v-4
OS ICOTl 21988A G
Part 5 . Combat Objectives
When a team combat simulation includes headquarter

bUildings, the strategic options increase. Since a
headquarters is easy to destroy, it must be well protected.
It is uery effectiue to diuide the offensiue and defensiue
duties of the cybertanks on a team. The offensiue tanks
should be uery good "search" tanks, possessing good
scanners and able to couer a great deal of the battlefield as
quickly as possible while searching for the enemy
headquarters. The defensiue tanks should be uery powerful
tanks. The defensiue tanks will not haue to moue uery
much, and do not need to be fast or fuel efficient; howeuer,
they should be equipped with the best weapons and armor
possible. Defensiue tanks should also haue good scanners so
they can detect incoming enemy tanks as soon as possible.
The Commlink is an important part of the strategy in team
combat that incorporates a design with a headquarters.
Once the enemy headquarters is found by a cybertllnk, its
position can be relayed to all members of the team. By
doing so, llil firepower can be concentrllted in the area of
the enemy helldqullrters.
2.3
TEAM COMMUNICATIONS
The cybertllnk Communiclltions link (Commlinlc), a special

deuice which Clln be purchased in the Chassis Design Module
(COM), enables communiclltion between cybertanks on the
same team. When using cybertanks in the Team mode, it is
often useful to transmit uarious data or instructions to
other members of the team. Effectiue use of the Commlink
llids in the performance of complicllted tllctical mllneuuers
by a team of cybertanks. By transmitting uarious codes, a
tellm of cybertllnks can consolidate its forces lind
knowledge, forming a COIOSSlll llrmy. For complete
information on the uSllge of the Commlink, please see Pllrt
3, Section 6.
v5
OSI-COT -1 21988-AG
SECTION
MANUAL CONTROL
SECTION BRIEF
One of the most interesting simulation possibilities is that
of manually controlled cybertanks. By pressing uarious keys
on the computer terminal, a cybertank designer can
eHercise a great deal of control ouer the cybertank.
3.1
WHAT IS MANUAL CONTROL?
All cybertanks are equipped With what is known as a

Cybertank Remote System (CRS). The CRS is basically a link
between your terminal's keyboard and your cybertank. By
issuing single letter commands [R-2J from your terminal's
keyboard during simulations, you can greatly alter the
behauior of your cybertank.
Cybertanks that rely on the CRS to respond to keyboard
control are often called Manual cybertanks. Manual
cybertanks haue a tremendous aduantage ouer standard RI
cybertanks because the cybertank benefits from the
designer's logic and reasoning capabilities during a
simUlation. When designing Manual cybertanks, compleH
routines to moue around indestructible bUildings, auoid
water, or retreat from the enemy are unnecessary. Such
routines can be handled by the cybertank designer during
the simulation.
3.2
HOW TO ACHIEVE MANUAL CONTROL
Attaining manual control is a rather simple process. In the

following eHample, the CeL code continually checks to see if
v-6
OSI-COT-121988-AG
the last key pressed is an "I", "J", "K", "M", or"" (space)_
If the last key pressed is one of these keys, the on-board
computer system will branch to the appropriate label. After
the cybertank turns or moues forward, the on-board
computer system branches back to the ReadKey label and
the process is repeated.
ReadKey
If Last Key Pressed =
Branch to ReadKey
TurnNorth
Turn Tank to 0
Branch to ReadKey
TurnWest
Turn Tank to 6
Branch to ReadKey
TurnSouth
Turn Tank to 4
Branch to ReadKey
Turn East
Turn Tank to 2
Branch to ReadKey
MoveForwd
Move Tank Forward
Branch to ReadKey
"I" then Branch to TurnNorth

"J" then Branch to TurnWest
"M" then Branch to TurnSouth
"K" then Branch to Turn East
" " then Branch to MoveForward
By using the aboue CeL, you can completely control the

mouement of your cybertank. I f you want your cybertank
to turn to the west, moue forward one hectometer, and
then turn to the south, you would press "J", " ", "M".
For a complete discussion of Manual cybertanks please see
Part 3, Section 5.7).
v-7
OSI-TS-72588-SM
PART 6
TROUBLESHOOTING
SYNOPSIS
This section discusses problems which may occur during
operation of the OSI/CACO System 2. It also defines possible
solutions to these problems.
OSI-TS-72588-SM
Part 6
SECTION
Troubleshooting
DISC PROBLEMS
SECTION BRIEF
During operation of the DSI/CACD System 2, problems can
occur during disc access. Some of these are easily rectified.
1.1
FILE NOT FOUND
The File Retrival Panel (FAPj lets you select files to be

loaded from a specified disc. The File Not Found error is
often encountered when you are retrieving a data file from
a disc and, for some reason, the disc wos removed from the
access slot.
To avoid this error, simply keep the disc containing the data
file in the access slot. The disc may be removed after the
DSI/CACD system has retrieved the specified data file.
The File Termination Panel (HP) may produce this same error
if, under the similiar circumstances, it is unable to delete a
specified data file.
1.2
DISC WRITE PROTECTED
This error occurs when the OSI/CACD trys to save a data file
to a write protected disc via the File Storage Panel (FSP).
Most discs have write protect features to prevent
information being written to them. If a disc is indeed write
protected, the OSI/CACD is unable to save any data to the
disc and this error message is displayed.
vi-2
OSI-TS-725BB-SM
All 5 1/4 inch discs haue a small notch in the right side. If
the notch is couered, the disc is write protected. I f the
notch is uncouered, the disc is not write protected and
information can be written to it. To auoid the Disc Write
Protected error, simply remoue the material that is
couering the notch.
All 3 1/2 inch discs haue a write protect tab built in the
upper right-hand corner of the reuerse side. If the tab is
moued and unblocks the hole, the disc is write protected. If
the tab is moued to block the hole, the disc is not write
protected and information can be written to it. To auoid the
Disc Write Protected error, simply moue the tab so that it
blocks the hole.
1.3
DISC FULL
All discs are limited in the amount of data they can store. If
your disc is at its maHimum capacity and you instruct the
OSI/CACO to saue another data file uia the File Storage Panel
(FSP), this error message will appear. Once your disc is fUll,
you can delete some information to prouide space. Use the
File Termination Panel (FTP) to delete specific data files
from the disc.
The Disc Full error can become a reccurring problem since
most discs haue a rather small capacity. The solution below
may help.
The FSP can saue a file to any disc (not only to your
Employee 10 Oisc). Sauing data files onto seueral discs can
alleuiate later problems. For instance, you may want to
saue cybertank designs on one disc, battlefield designs on
another, etc. Aemember, the Combat Simulation Module
reQuires that the battlefield and all cybertanks in a
simulation design reside on the same disc, resulting in the
deuelopment of the the Data Ouplication Module (DDM).
vi-3
OSI-TS-725SS-SM
The DDM leIs you copy dolo files from one disc 10 anolher.
using Ihe DDM, you can copy Ihose dolo files you are
currenlly using onlo your 10 Disc, leouing unused dolo files
on olher discs, commonly referred 10 as backup discs.
1.4
DISC MALFUNCTION
The Disc Malfunction error message is displayed when an

unknown problem preuenls Ihe DSI/CACD Syslem 2 from
accessing a disc. Due 10 Ihe many circumslances Ihal can
create Ihis error, only Ihe mosl likely causes are Iisled.
If Ihe disc is remoued from Ihe access slol during a load,
saue, or delele Ihe DSI/CACD is unable 10 complele Ihe
procedure and only a porlion of Ihe dolo is processed. The
OSI/CACD cannol perform correclly wilh a partially
processed dolo file.
If Ihis error message occurs when retrieuing a dolo file,
Ihat dolo file is usually losl. This is Ihe main reason Ihal
backup copies of dolo files are neccessary. Backing up dolo
files is easy using Ihe Dolo Duplicalion Module (DDM). While
losing a dolo file in Ihe aboue manner is unlikely, il
happens on occasion.
OSI-TS-72588-SM
SECTION
SECURITY ERRORS
SHTION BRIEF
OSI is a high-security compleH. Procedures haue been
implemented to preuent unauthorized entrance into the OSI
CompleH and unauthorized access to cybertank designs.
2.1
ill DISC PASSWORD SECURITY
In order to uerify employment, you must enter the correct

password for the Employee 10 Oisc being used. Failure to
enter the correct password prompts a Security Breach
alarm and informs the guards at the OSI Security Gate. This
preuents the use of stolen 10 discs to gain entrance to the
OS I compleH. If you forget your password when using your
own 10 Oisc, you will be denied entrance into the OSI
CompleH. The Orientation Guide details password security.
Being denied access to the OS I CompleH is an unfortunate
circumstance. but it cannot be corrected unless you identify
the correct password. Although the information on your 10
Oisc can be copied onto another using the Oata Duplication
Module (001'1), your clearance leuel is losl.
2.2
CYBERTANK DESIGN PASSWORD SECURITY
Cybertank design protection is a high priority at OSI.

Security leaks must be auoided. When an employee creates
a new cybertank design, the password used for the
Employee 10 Disc is incorporated into the cybertank design.
Only employees With knowledge of the correct password
can access that design.
vi- 5
Part 6 . Troubleshooting
OSITS725BBSM
NOTE: If an employee does not identify a password for the

10 Disc, then designs created by that employee are not
password protected. Those designs are accessible without
a password.
In the Design Control Module (DCM), any cybertanl< design
can be loaded from any disc. The design selected is

inspected to ensure it has been properly authorized by OSI.
If the passwords on the 10 Disc and cybertanl< design do not
match, the Security Breach alarm is then sounded.
Note that cybertanl<s created by other employees can also
be used in simulations.
To obtain authorization when the passwords do not match,
the designer can duplicate the design using the Data
Duplication ModUle (DDM). The DDM remoues the password
from the cybertanl< design and it is now accessible by all
employees. If an employee other than the designer trys to
duplicate a protected design, the Security Breach alarm will
sound. Only the designer can duplicate a protected
cybertanl< design.
vi-6
OSI-TS-72588-SM
Part 6
SECTION
Troubleshooting
SIMULATION ERRORS
SECTION BRIEF
The Combat SimUlation Module (CSM) and the Cybertanl< Test
Module (CTM) haue a limited amount of memory auailable
for processing simulations. Rlso, each cybertanl< in the
simulation must be authorized for use.
3.1
SIMUlATION OUT OF MEMORY
When loading a simulation, the CSM and CTM are limited by

the amount of memory auailable. In rare cases, there is not
enough memory auailable to load all of the cybertanl<s in
the simulation design. You will be notified when these
modules are unable to load all tanks in a design. The only
recourse is to redesign the simulation using fewer tanks.
When a memory problem occurs, the actiue module will
abort and you will be transferred to the EHternal Control
Module (ECM).
3.2
CYBERTANK/BATTLEFIELD NOT FOUND
The battlefield design and all cybertanl<s included in a

simulation design must reside on the same disc when using
the CSM or CTM. If either the battlefield, or anyone of the
cybertanl<s are not found on the disc, you will be notified
uia the terminal. In a situation such as this, the CSM and
CTM will abort and transfer you to the EHternal Control
Module (ECM).
vi-7
OSI-TS-72588-SM
To rectify this problem, you can either redesign the

simulation using the Simulation Design Module (SDM), or
copy the cybertanl<S and battlefield onto the same disc with
the Data Duplication Module (DDM).
3.3
CYBERTANK NOT AUTHORIZED
The CTM requires that the cybertanl< to be tested to halJe

been authorized by the current employee. If you attempt to
test a cybertanl< using an unauthorized cybertanl< design,
the Cybertanlc Not Authorized message is displayed.
The Cybertanl< Not Authorized error message also
appears during Clearance ElJaluation if the cybertanl<
selected is not authorized by the current employee.
To resollJe this problem, authorize the cybertanl< using the
Design Control Module (OCM).
Part 6 . Troubleshooting
OSITS72588SM
SECTION
OTHER ERRORS
SECTI ON BR I EF
There are other system error messages which can appear at
certain points.
4.1
Many problems can and will occur while authorizing

cybertanks. The uarious errors are discussed in detail in
AppendiH 5 of the Engineering Handbook.
4.2
ILLEGAL BATTLEFIELD
At the start of a simulation, the Combat Simulation Module

(CSM) randomly picks the initial location of all cybertanks.
Cybertanks can only be placed on grass, roads, dirt patches,
etc. That is, they can only be placed in non-obstructed areas
of the battlefield.
The Battlefield Design Module (BOM) lets employees create
their own battlefields for combat simulations. There are
few limitations in battlefield design, but there MUST be at
least 30 non-obstructed areas (to allow placement of
cybertanks) included in a design. If there are less than 30
the Illegal Battlefield error is displayed when you
attempt to saue the terrain.
vi- 9
Glossary
OSI-GL-1219BB-AG
Glossary
ACCESS SLOT: The mechanism used by the OSI/CACO System
2 to access discs. Also known as a disc driue.
AI: Artificial Intelligence. The underlying logic by which
cybertanks function.
AUTHORIZE: The act of creating a cybertank from a
cybertank design. All cybertank designs must be authorized
by OS I before a cybertank can be created.
BOM: Battlefield Design Module. The component of the
OSI/CACD System 2 used to create simulation battlefields.
CACD: Computer Aided Cybertank Design. The process of
using powerful computers in the design and implementation
of cybernetic machinery.
CAM: Cybertank Authorization Module. The component of
the OSI/CACD System 2 used to identify cybertank design
flaws. I f any flaws are found, they are reported to the
employee.
CAPSULE ROUTINE:
Pre-written sections of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) Which perform. specific functions. These
routines can be incorporated into an-y employee'S AI.
"-.
CCl: The Cybertank Command language. The computer
language used to construct cybertank AI.
COl: Cybertank Directional Indicator. Shows the direction
of the cybertank and scanner during a simUlation.
COM: Chassis Design Module. The component of the
DSI/CACD System 2 used to build a cybertank's
chassis/body.
G -1
Glossary
OS 1- G L1 21988-A G
CEM: Cybertenl< Eueluetion Module. The component of the

OSI/CACO System 2 which cerries out en employee's request
for a Clearance Eualuation.
CHASSIS:
The body or frame of a cybertanl< including all
electronic devices, weaponry, and armor.

CLEAR: The act of erasing teHt from the RI by first
selecting it then selecting Clear from the Edit menu. The
teHt remoued is NOT reteined in temporary storage.
CLEARRNCE
EURLURTION:
A formal request for an
employee eualuation. If pessed, the employee echieues an
increase in clearance leuel.
CLERRRNCE LEUL: Oefines an employee's position/ranI<
within the 051 high-security compleH. Rs higher cleerance
leuels are attained, the bUdget increases and additional
information and equipment becomes auailable.
COMMLI NK: A special item aueilable in the Chassis Module
which allows communications between cybertanl< team
members. Only useful for team simulation designs.
COPY: The act of duplicating teHt in the AI by first selecting
it then selecting Copy from the Edit menu. The teHt is
retained in temporary storage until other teHt is copied or
cut. TeHt in storege cen be retrieued.
CP: Construction Panel. An automatic, easy-to-use tool
used in the construction of a cybertanl<'s A I.
CSM: Combat Simulation Module. The component of the
OSI/CACO System 2 used to obserue a cybertanl< battle.
CTM: Cybertanl< Test Module. The component of the
OSI/CACD System 2 used to test a cybertanl< design.
Includes many powerful diagnostic tools.
G -2
Glossa ry
OSI-GL-1219BB-AG
CUT: The act of remouing teHt from the AI by first selecting

it then selecting Cut from the Edit nienu. The teHt remoued
is retained in temporary storage until other teHt is copied
or cut. TeHt can be retrieued from temporary storage.
[UI: [ybertank Uiewing Indicator. Shows the results of
the last scanner usage.
O[M: Design [ontrol Module. The gateway to all aspects of
cybernetic design.
DDM: Data Duplication Module. The component of the
OSI/[A[O System 2 used to duplicate (or copy) data files to
and from discs.
E[M: EHternal [ontrol Module. The main component of the
OSI/[A[O System 2 computer. It is from the E[M that the
rest of the OSI/[A[O is accessed.
EMAIL: Bulletin board system incorporated into the E[M
which allows the posting of 051 memorandums and
international news bulletins.
FRP: File Retrieual Panel. The control mechanism used to
load data files from a disc.
FSP: File Storage Panel. The control mechanism used to
record/saue data files to a disc.
FTP: File Termination Panel. The control mechanism used to
delete data files from a disc.
LABEL: A name consisting of ten characters or less that
identifies a command routine in a cybertank's AI.
LIBRARY [APSULE: A predefined set of [ n commands
which eHecute a specific function.
G -3
Glossary
OSI-GL-121988-AG
OSI: The Organization of Strategic Intelligence. A pioneer

company in the field of cybernetics.
OSIl:OM I:
The OSI communications and surueillance
satellite. It is from the OSICOM 1 that an aerial uiew of a
battlefield can be accessed.
PASTE: The act of inserting temporarily stored teHt into the
AI.
PSP: Printer Setup Panel. The control mechanism used to
configure a printer for the OSI/CACD system.
S I M U L AT ION:
A closely approHimated model of a
cybernetic battle used for testing or eHperimentation.
UEAIFY: Checlcs the cybertanlc AI for errors and notifies
the employee of any problems. Although similar to
authorize, uerify will not create a cybertanlc.
G -4
Appendices
OSI-AP-121988-AG
APPENDIX
CCL RESERVED WORDS

The following list of words cannot be employed
in User Defined Uariables.
All GN
RT
BEYOND
CODE
DETECT
EMPTY
FOR
FUNCTIONAL
HQ
IF
IS
JAM
LAUNCH
LEFT
MOUE
MOUEMENT
OBSTAUCTI DN OFF
AANDDM
RANGE
RESUME
RETURN
SCANNED
SCANNER
SWITCH
TANK
TAERDS
TRRNSMIT
UNLDCKED
UP
WITHIN
ACTI DE
AAMDA
BEING
ClDSEST
DESTAUCT
DDWN
FIAE
FUEL
All GNED
RUAILABLE
BRANCH
COMMLINK
DIRECTION
ENEMY
FORWARD
GET
INACTIVE
KEY
LOCK
NOT
ON
REMAINING
RIGHT
SElF
TERM
TURN
WRS
A -1
ALLY
BRCKWARD
BRERK
COPY
DISTRNCE
FRCE
FOUND
GOSUB
INCLUDE
KIT
LOCKED
OBJECT
PRESSED
AEMOTE
AOTATE
SHiElD
THEN
UNAUAILABLE
WERPON
ARE
BEEP
CLEAR
DATA
DD
FACING
FROM
GOTO
INTERNAL
LAST
LOWER
OBSTRUCTED
RR ISE
REPAIR
SCAN
SIGNRL
TO
UNLOCK
WITH
Appendices
OSI-AP-1219BB-AG
APPENDIX
CCL SYSTEM VARIABLES

The following is e list of ell CCl System Ueriebles. Feel free
to use them, but remember thet they cennot be eltered
or used es lebels.
AllyCode
AllyEnemyDist
AllyHQY
Armoroemege
CopyEnemyoir
CopyNum
EnemyHQoist
EnemyY
objoist
Obstecleoist
RandomNum
TenkDir
Treedoemege
Allyoir
AllyEnemyH
AllyNum
CopyCode
CopyEnemyoist
CopyH
EnemyHQH
Fuellevel
ObjType
obstecleType
Remotesleft
TenkNum
Hyoist
AllyDist
AllyEnemyY
AllyH
Copyoir
CopyEnemyH
CopyY
EnemyHQY
Intoemege
objH
obstecleH
scanoamage
TenkH
Weapoemege
AllyEnemyoir
AllyHQH
AllyY
Copyoist
CopyEnemY
Enemyoist
EnemyH
Kitsleft
ObjY
obstecleY
SCenoir
TankY
The following are complete descriptions of the

system variebles.
AllyCode
Code transmitted by teem member. This

value renges from 0-100.
Allyoir
The
last
direction
heeding
tmnsmitting teem member.
Allyoist
The distence between the trensmitting

end the receiving teem members.
AllyEnemyoir
The direction heeding of en enemy

cybertenk
lest
scenned
by
the
transmitting teem member.
A-2
of
Appendices
OSt-AP-121988-AG
RllyEnemyDist
The distance to the enemy cybertonk as it

wos losl scanned by the transmitting
team member.
RllyEnemyH
The enemy cybertonk's H coordinate as

lost scanned by transmitting team
member. This uolue ranges from 1 to 62.
RllyEnemyY
The enemy cybertonk's Y coordinate as

lost scanned by transmitting teom
member. This uolue ranges from 1 to 62.
RllyHQH
H coordinate of your cybertonk's team

headQuarters.
RllyHQY
Y coordinate of your cybertonk's team

headQuarters.
RllyNum
The identification number of the

transmitting team member. Cybertonk
identification numbers are based on the
order in which they were selected in the
Simulation Design Module.
RllyH
The H coordinate of the transmitting team

member.
RllyY
The Y coordinate of the transmitting team

member.
RrmorDomoge
This is the current armor damage

percentage. RrmorDomoge uolue ranges
from D (fUlly intact) to 1DD (destroyed).
When RrmorDomoge reaches 1DD, the
cybertonk is destroyed.
Copy Code
Holds a copy of RllyCode when Copy

CommLink Doto command is eHecuted.
CopyDir
Holds a copy of RllyDir when Cop y

CommLink Doto command is eHecuted.
A -3
Appendices
OSI-AP-121988-AG
CopyDlst
Holds a copy of AllyDist when Copy

CommLink Data command is ellecuted.
CopyEnemyDir
Holds a copy of AllyEnemyDir when Copy

CommLink DBtB command is ellecuted.
CopyEnemyDist
Holds a copy of AllyEnemyDist when Copy

CopyEnemyH
Holds a copy of AllyEnemyH when Copy

CopyEnemyY
Holds a copy of AllyEnemyY when Copy

CopyNum
Holds a coPY of AllyNum when Copy

CopyH
Holds a copy of AllyH when Cop

CopyY
Holds a copy of AllyY when Cop y

EnemyDlst
The distance between yaur cybertank and

the last scanned enemy cybertank.
EnemyHQDist
This is the distance between your

cybertank and the enemy headquarters -unknown to your cybertank until either
found by scanning or transmitted by a
team member.
EnemyHQH
The
H coordinate
of
the
enemy
headquarters
unknown to your
cybertank until either found by scanning
or transmitted by a team member.
A4
Appendices
OSI-AP-121988-AG
EnemyHQY
The
Y coordinate
of
the
enemy
headquarters
unknown to your
cybertank until either found by scanning
or transmitted by a team member.
EnemyH
The enemy cybertank's H coordinate at

last scanned position.
EnemyY
The enemy cybertank's Y coordinate at

last scanned position.
Fuelleuel
Amount of remainIng fuel. This

ranges from 0 (empty) to 1DO (full).
IntOamage
Current damage percentage of your

cybertank's internal mechanisms. Aanges
from 0 (fully intact) to 100 (destroyed).
When this ualue reaches 100, the
cybertank is terminated.
Kitsleft
The number of repair kits remaining.
ObjOist
The distance between your cybertank and

the last scanned object.
ObjType
The type of object last scanned (see

AppendiH 3 for list of possible ualues).
ObjH
H coordinate of the last scanned object.

This ualue ranges from 1 to 62.
ObjY
Y coordinate of the last scanned object.

This ualue ranges from 1 to 62.
ObstacleOist
The distance between your cybertank and

the last mouement obstacle detected. This
ualue ranges from 0 \0 3.
ObstacleType
The type of mouement obstacle last

detected (see AppendiH 3 for list of
possible ualues).
A -5
ualue
Appendices
OSI-AP-121988-AG
ObstocleH
H coordinate of the lost detected

mouement obstocle. This ualue ranges
from 1 to 62.
ObstocleY
Y coordinate of the last detected

mouement obstacle. This ualue ranges
from 1 to 62.
RondomNum
Holds the random ualue generated by the

Get Random [to #} command.
RemotesLeft
The number of remoining remote scanners.
SconOomoge
Cu rre n t dam age perc e n tag e 0 f you r

cybertanlc's sconner. Ronges from 0 (fully
intact) to 100 (destroyed). R cybertanlc is
still operational with 0 destroyed sconner,
but it connot scan.
SconOir
The direction the scanner is currently

facing. This uolue ranges from 0 to 7.
TonkOlr
The direction your cybertonlc is cunently

facing. This ualue ranges from 0 to 7.
TonkNum
This is the number of your cybertanlc.

Cybertanlc numbers ore bosed on the
order they were selected in the SOM.
TonkH
Your cybertonlc's cunent H coordinote.
TonkY
Your cybertanlc's cunent Y coordinate.
TreodOomoge
Current damage percentage of your

cybertanlc's treods. This ualue ronges from
o (fUlly intact) to 100 (destroyed). The
cybertanlc still operates with destroyed
treads, but it cannot moue.
HYOist
This holds the distonce between your

cybertonlc and the specified coordinote os
colculated by the commondGet Distonce
to "H" "V".
A -6
,
Appendices
OSIAp-1219BBAG
WeopDomoge
Current domoge percentoge of your

cybertonk's weopon. This uolue ronges
from 0 (fully intact) to 100 (destroyed).
The cybertank is still operotionol with a
destroyed weopon, but it cannot fire.
A7
Appendices
OSIAP-121988AG
APPENDIX
OBJECT TYPES
The following list should be used os on oid in incorporoting 0
System uorioble thot reports on "object's type."
TYPE NUMBER
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
Greater than 6
DESCRIPTION
No object
Roads. grass. etc...
Water
Damaged cybertanks, squashed trees
Trees
Houses, HQ
Buildings, barriers
Cybertanks
Object types '5-5 ore destructible while object type 6

(buildings, borriers) is indestructible.
Object types 2-6 ore detectable by the MOS. Cybertanlcs are
also detectoble by the MOS os objects with types greoter
thon 6.
Object types '5-6 con be detected with the CCS. Cybertonlcs
are olso detectoble by the CCS os objects with types
greoter thon 6.
Object types 4-6 bloclc 0 sconner's line of sight when
sconning for cybertanlcs ond other objects.
A -8
Appendices
OSI_AP-121988-AG
APPENDIX
QUICK SYNTAX GUIDE

For complete information on the commands, please see
Part 3 of this handboolc.
Tanlc Mouement
MOVE [TANK] FORWARD "#"
MOVE [TANK) BACKWARD "#"
TURN [TANK) LEFT "#"
TURN [TANK] RIGHT "#"
TURN [TANK] TO "ANGLE"
TURN [TANKJ TO "X" "Y"
TURN [TANKJ TO FACE [ENEMY] [TANK]
TURN [TANK] TO FACE ENEMY HQ
ALIGN TANK [WITH SCANNERJ
IF TANK [IS] ALIGNED [WITH SCANNERJ THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
IF TANK [ISJ NOT ALIGNED [WITH SCANNER] THEN [BRANCH TO :
DOl "LABEL"
IF [MOVEMENT ISJ OBSTRUCTED THEN [BRANCH TO : DOJ "LABEL"
IF [MOVEMENT ISJ NOT OBSTRUCTED THEN [BRANCH TO : DOJ
"LABEL"
IF OBSTRUCTION [lSI ENEMY HQ THEN [BRANCH TO : DOJ "LABEL"
IF OBSTRUCTION [ISJ ALLY HQ THEN [BRANCH TO : DOl "LABEL"
IF TANK [ISJ FACING [ENEMY] TANK THEN [BRANCH TO : DOJ
"LABEL"
IF TANK [ISJ NOT FACING [ENEMY] TANK THEN [BRANCH TO : DOJ
"LABEL"
IF TANK [ISJ FACING ENEMY HQ THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF TANK [ISJ NOT FACING ENEMY HQ THEN [BRANCH TO : DOJ
"LABEL"
IF TANK [ISJ FACING "X" "Y" THEN LABEL
IF TANK [ISJ NOT FACING "X" "Y" THEN LABEL
DETECT [OBSTRUCTIONJ AT "#"
DETECT [OBSTRUCTIONJ AT TANK DIRECTION
DETECT [OBSTRUCTION] AT SCANNER DIRECTION
IF [TANK] TREADS [AREJ FUNCTIONAL THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
IF [TANK] TREADS [ARE) NOT FUNCTIONAL THEN [BRANCH TO : DOl
"LABEL"
A -9
a 5 I /\ P -121988A G
Appendices
USING THE SCANNER

ROTATE [SCANNER] LEFT "#"
ROTATE [SCANNER] RIGHT "#"
ROTATE [SCANNER] TO "ANGLE"
ROTATE [SCANNER] TO "X" "Y"
ROTATE [SCANNER] TO FACE [ENEMY] TANK
ALIGN SCANNER [WITH TANK]
SCAN FOR [ENEMY] TANK
SCAN FOR [CLOSEST] OBJECT
SCAN FOR ENEMY HQ
LOCK SCANNER
UNLOCK SCANNER
JAM [SCANNER SIGNAL]
LAUNCH [REMOTE SCANNER]
IF SCANNER [IS] FUNCTIONAL THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF SCANNER [IS] NOT FUNCTIONAL THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF SCANNER [IS] ALIGNED [WITH TANK] THEN [BRANCH TO : DOl
"LABEL"
IF SCANNER [ISJ NOT ALIGNED [WITH TANK] THEN [BRANCH TO :
DO "LABEL"
IF [ENEMY] TANK [WAS] FOUND THEN LABEL
IF [ENEMY] TANK [WAS] NOT FOUND THEN LABEL
IF [CLOSEST] OBJECT [WAS] FOUND THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
IF [CLOSEST] OBJECT [WAS] NOT FOUND THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
IF ENEMY HQ [WAS] FOUND THEN [BRANCH TO : DOl "LABEL"
IF ENEMY HQ [WAS] NOT FOUND THEN [BRANCH TO: DO] "LABEL"
IF [CLOSEST] OBJECT [IS] ENEMY HQ THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
IF [CLOSEST] OBJECT [IS] ALLY HQ THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
IF [SCANNER IS] LOCKED THEN LABEL
IF [SCANNER IS] UNLOCKED THEN LABEL
IF [TANK IS] BEING SCANNED THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF [TANK IS] NOT BEING SCANNED THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF REMOTE [SCANNER IS] AVAILABLE THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
IF REMOTE [SCANNER IS) UNAVAILABLE THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
A - 10
Appendices
OSI-AP-121988-AG
liS ING THE IIJEAPON

FIRE [WEAPON] AT [ENEMY] TANK
FIRE [WEAPON) AT [CLOSEST] OBJECT
FIRE [WEAPON] AT OBSTRUCTION
FIRE [WEAPON] AT "X" "Y"
FIRE [WEAPON] AT TANK DIRECTION
FIRE [WEAPON] AT SCANNER DIRECTION
FIRE [WEAPON] AT ENEMY HQ
IF WEAPON [IS] FUNCTIONAL THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF WEAPON [IS] NOT FUNCTIONAL THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF [ENEMY] TANK [IS] WITHIN [WEAPON] RANGE THEN [BRANCH TO :
DOj"LABEL"
IF [ENEMY] TANK [ISJ BEYOND [WEAPON] RANGE THEN [BRANCH TO :
DO] "LABEL"
IF [CLOSEST] OBJECT [IS] WITHIN [WEAPON] RANGE THEN
[BRANCH TO: DO] "LABEL"
IF [CLOSEST] OBJECT [IS] BEYOND [WEAPON] RANGE THEN
[BRANCH TO: DO] "LABEL"
IF ENEMY HQ US] WITHIN [WEAPON] RANGE THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
IF ENEMY HQ [IS] BEYOND [WEAPON] RANGE THEN [BRANCH TO : DO]
"LABEL"
TANK STATUS
IF FUEL [ISJ REMAINING THEN [BRANCH TO : DO) "LABEL"
IF FUEL [IS] EMPTY THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
SELF DESTRUCT
DEFENSE SHIELD
RAISE [SHIELD]
LOWER [SHIELD)
IF SHIELD [IS] UP THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF SHIELD [IS] DOWN THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
TANK REPA IAS

REPAIR INTERNAL
REPAIR ARMOR
REPAIR TREADS
REPAIR SCANNER
REPAIR WEAPON
IF [REPAIR] KIT [IS) AVAILABLE THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF [REPAIR] KIT [IS] UNAVAILABLE THEN [BRANCH TO
DO]
"LABEL"
A - 11
Appendices
OSI-AP-121988-AG
USING THE COMMLINK

TRANSMIT [CODE] "#" [TO TEAM]
CLEAR [COMMUNI<] DATA
COPY [COMMUNI<] DATA
SWITCH [COMMUNI<] ON
SWITCH [COMMUNI<] OFF
IF ALLY TANK "#" [IS] ACTIVE THEN [BRANCH TO: DO] "LABEL"
IF ALLY TANK "#" [IS] INACTIVE THEN [BRANCH TO : DOl "LABEL"
MISCELLANEOUS COMMANOS
GET DISTANCE [TO] "X" "Y"
GET RANDOM [TO "#'1
BEEP
BREAK
ATTAINING MANUAl CONTAOL
IF [LAST] KEY [PRESSED] THEN [BRANCH TO : DO] "LABEL"
IF [LAST] KEY [PRESSED] = "1 CHARACTER" THEN [BRANCH TO :
DO] "LABEL"
SYSTEM COMMANOS
BRANCH TO "LABEL"
GOTO "LABEL"
DO "LABEL"
GOSUB "LABEL"
RESUME
USING LIBRARY CAPSULES
INCLUDE "CAPSULE FILENAME"
A - 12
...
..
Appendices
OSI-AP-121988-AG
APPENDIX
The following lists all the possible errors that may occur
during the Authorization process in the Cybertank
DUPLI CATE LRBEL FOUND
This error occurs When the same label has been used twice in
the AI. For a complete discussion of labels, see Part 1, Section
6.4 of this handbook.
FRTRL ERROR: MRHIMUM NUMBER OF LRBELS EHCEEDED
This error occurs when you eHceed the memory allocated for
label names. To remedy, try using fewer labels or shorter
label names. For eHample, instead of using the label
"SHOOTIRNK", try using something like "SHOOT".
UNKNOWN CDMMRND
This error occurs when an unrecognizable command is included
in the AI. This normally occurs because of a misspelled or
missing word.
USER UARIRBLES EHCEEDED
This error occurs if you attempt to use more than 32 User
Uariables. The only way to correct this error is to cut down on
the number of User Uariables. For a complete discussion of
User Uariables, see Part I, Section 6 of this manual.
DOES NOT COMPUTE IN THE LINE
This error occurs when an instruction in the AI is incomplete .
For eHample, the instruction "SCRN FOR FRIENDLY TRNK" is
almost a ualid instruction, but not Quite since it is not
complete.
URLUE USED IS OUT OF RRNGE IN FOLLOWING LINE:
This error occurs when a ualue in an instruction is not within
the allowable range. For eHample, in the instruction "TU RN
TRNK TO g", the 9 is an illegal ualue because you can only turn
your tank to ualues 0-7.
A - 13
Appendices
OSIAp121988AG
THE LRBEL ... WRS NOT FOUND IN THE FDLLOWINIi LINE:

This error occurs when on instruction ottempts to reference 0
lobel which does not ellist.
THE FDLLOWINIi LINE IS RN ILLEIiRL LRBEL:
When this error occurs, it signifies thot 0 line in the RI,
positioned in the left morgin, is not 0 uolid lobel. This is often
coused by incorrect spocing or indentotion.
THE FOLLOWINIi LRBEL IS TOO LONIi:
This error occurs when 0 lobel of more thon 10 chorocters is
encountered. Shorten the length of the lobel.
THE FOLLOW INIi CRPSULE WRS NOT FOUND:
This error occurs when ottempting to INCLUDE 0 Copsule
routine ond the Copsule wos not found. To remedy this error,
simply insert the Disc which contoins the Copsule routine into
ony occess slot.
IF YOU INCLUDE R CRPSULE, THRT CRPSULE CRNNOT
INCLUDE RNOTHER
This error occurs when you INCLUDE 0 Copsule routine ond
thot Copsule ottempts to INCLUDE onother. To remedy, you
must remoue 011 INCLUDE stotements from ony Copsules you
wish to INCLUDE.
YOUR TRNK MUST BE Ii IUEN I NTELLIIiENCE BEFORE IT CRN
BE RUTHORIZED
This error occurs if your cybertonk hos no RI.
YOU RRE MISSINIi ONE OR MORE ITEMS FROM YOUR TRNK'S
CHRSSIS
This error occurs if you houe forgotten to instoll 0 needed
component on your cybertonk. For ellomple, 0 cybertonk
cannot be Authorized if it has no scanner system. To solUe,
return to the Chossis Design Module (COM) ond obtoin 011
necessory components.
THE COST OF YOUR TRNK'S CHRSSIS E"CEEDS YOUR
RURILRBLE BUDIiET
This error occurs when you ottempt to Authorize 0 cybertonk
designed by someone with 0 higher cleomnce leuel, ond the
eqUipment on their cybertonk ellceeds the budget Iimitotions
of your cleoronce leuel.
A 14
ORGANIZATION OF STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE

DIRECTOR
STUART B. MARKS
SUPERUISDR
DAllAS SNELL
ASSOCIATE SUPERUISORS
RLAN GARONER
JEFF HillHOUSE
OSI/CACD SYSTEM 2 ENGINEER

STUART B. MARKS
OSI/CACD SUPPORT
STEUE MEUSE
JOHN MILES
PAUL NEURATH
JAMES UAN ARTSOALEN
CYBERTANK COMMAND LANGUAGE ENGINEERS
ALAN GARONER
RICHARO GARRIOTT
PAUL C. [SAAC
STUART B. MARKS
DALLAS SNElL
TERM I NAL INTERFACES
CHUCK BUECHE
STUART B. MARKS
MICROMAGIC
TERMINAL SUPPORTS
JOHN MILES
OR. CAT
OS I/CACO GAAPH ICS

OEN IS LOUBET
STUART B. MRRKS
JEFF DEE
GLEN JOHNSON
COUER ART
DENIS LOUBET
PACKAGE DESIGN AND PAODUCTlDN
LOR I OGWULU
CHERYL NEELD
CRT PRRGOFF
ENGINEER'S HANDBOOK EDITORS
KEN ARNOLD
STEUE CANTRElL
ALAN GRRONER
MIKE HRRRISON
STUART B. MARKS
DALLRS SNElL
QUALITY CONTROL
JOHN ASLIN
STEUE CRNTRELL
KIRK HUTCIIEON
PAUL MALONE
IAN MRNCHESTER
JOEl MANNERS
OALE NICHOLS
JON NIRLS
JEAN TAUCHER
JOliN WATSON
Del eLI Obstruction Commands, i-47
fire Commands, I-50
Accelerator, 11-23
Access Slot, (See Orientation Guide)
Arlinrio/lntelligence Module, 11-24; i-l0

Authorlzollon Module,lI-32
C(L Construction Pllnel, 11-28
Designing AI, i-IO, ii-24
Authorizollon [rron, AllpendlH 5

Authorizing 0 Chouh: Deslgn,lI-n, j-14
Authorization Module, 11-32
Moue Commonds, 1-46

Aolote Commands, i-49
Scon Commands, j-48
Sequence Cammllinds, I-53
Special Commonds,i-51
Turn Commands, 1-46
Chassls Design Module ICOM), 11-16
Copsule Menu, II-IS
COM Con'rols, ii-I 0
Cybertonk Menu, ii-II
Drlue Systems,lI-19
Battlefield Design Module (DDM), II-56
[dlt Menu, 11-13
Design
Battlefield, II-56
Printing 0 Design, Ii-59
Terroln Menu, n-so

Battlefield Coordinate System, 1-38
fuel Cells, ii-19

Speclolltems,ll-21
Tonk CloHes, 11-19
Weapon Types, il-20
Battlefield Distances, 1-40
COM Controls,
Blocks. II-56, ii-60
Clearance [uoluotlon Module (([,..11, ii-53
Block Menu, ii-60
il~
10
General Commands, II-54
edit Blocks, jJ-60
Instrument Ponels, ii-54
Cleor Block. ii-61
Menu Options, II-54
Cleor (OilY. 11-61
Combat Simulation Module ICSM), 11-40

Botlle lnformllition, ii-42
General Commonds, 11-40
Capsules, iu-l
Copsule Variobles, lu-3
Copsule User-Variables, iu-4
Replacing 0 [opsule, 1-32
Instrument Ponels, ii-4\

,"'1enu Options. li-42
Commonds
Aclion Com monds, i-'13
(opsule Menu, 11-15
Assignment Commonds, I-54
Cop\Ule neference,lu-1
Com pula lion Commands, 1-43
Copsule noulines, iu-S, 1-13
Decision Commands, 1-44, I-51
flee enemy,
lu~
fire Commonds, i-SO
11
Aotate Commonds, 1-40
Panic, iu-ll
Terminate [nemy, jlJ-9
8erserkAltack, iu-9
Sequence Commands, 1-43

Special Commands, I-51
Comm-link, jj-21
ICIllTank. lu-I 0
NormolRtlock, IU-l 8
Search for [nemy. iu-5
On/Off. 1ii-40
Tronsmlt/Recelue, ill-'ll
CenterSearch,lu-5
Construction Ponel, li-20, 1-44
Corner Search, 11.'-6
(ybertonlc
[dgeSelllrch,lu-6
Cyber'onk Menu, II-t t
RondomSearch, ht-7
Moulng. 1Ii-7. 1-40

Turning, 1i1-9, 1-46
SitSeorch,lu-7
Trocklng
Copsule~.
lu-O
Deelinellunt, iu-O
Cyberlonk Authorizotion Module (CAM), 11-32

Cyberlonlc Command longuage fceLl, III-I
Track [nemy, lu-O
Bronch To, ilI-36
WOitfor[nemy, iu-9
Dreokpoint Set, 111-34
CeL Construction Panet, ii-2B, 1-44
Commllnk OniOff, 111-40
Assignment Commands, i-54
Commlink Tronsmit/Recelue, iii-'ll
Decision Commands, i-51
Cycle Count. lH-2
Defense Shield Raise/lower, 111-30

Oelecting Obstructions, Iii-II. 1-47
Determining facing Direction. iii-I 3
Do, iii- 36
fuelleuel. iii-31
Gel Distance. lii-33
Get Random, iii-33
Goto. 1lI-36
Gosub, iii-36
Include. ii1-39
labels. 1ii-4
Monuol Control. lii-35
Moulng Cybertonks, Iil-1.1ll-0. 1-46
Operators.IIi-S
Repair Damage, iii-29
Reserved Words, iii-3, RppendlH
Resume, tii-36
Scanning enemy, Iii-IS
Scanning for Ileodquorters. Iii-I 0
Sconnlng Objects, 1lI-17
Sconner Damage and Repair, ill-IS
Scanner Detection, Ili-22
SconnerTarget lock, ill-21
Scanner Rotote, iii-I 9
Self Destruct, iii-H
Structure Conuentlons, ii1-3
System Ul'Iriobles, 111-5
Tread 00 mage ond Repolr, lii-7
Turning, iii-9. i-46
User Uoriobles. iii-5
Weopon Damage ond Repolr, iil-25
Weapon Range - Objects. 111-26
Cybertonk Dlrectionollndlcotor, 1-36
cybertonk Uision Indlcotor, 1-37
Cybertonk Test Module, 11-45
Generol Commands. 11-45
Cycle. 111-2
D
Doto Duplicotion Module. 1i-64
Debugger Menu, ii-46
Defense Shield, il-22
Design Conlrol Module, jj-9
Designing a Cybertonk. ii-9, 1-4
Creating a New Tonk,ii-ID. i-S
thassls Design. 1i-16, 1-6.ISee CDMI
Selecting [Quipment. 11-17. i-7
RI Design. ii-24. i-1D
Designing 0 DIIHle Simulation, j-16
Cybertonk and Doltlefleld flies, 1-10
Cybertllnk Teoms. i-20
Selecting 0 Ooltlefield. i- I 9
Selecting Primory tybertonk, i-IO

Selecting Other Cybertonks, i-19
Design Menu. 11-36
Directions (Stondard), 1-39
Drive Systems. li-19
E
editing (See TeHt)
edit Menu, 11-13
edit Window, 1-28
[lectronlc Moll, li-8
[mployee 10 Disc, 1-2 (See Orientation Guide)
[mployee Menu, 1i-4
energy Miser. 11-21
[Qulpment Categories, 1-0
[Hternol Control Module, ii-2
Design Menu, 11-6
[mployee Menu, 11-4
function/layout, 11-2
Simulate Menu, 1i-4
Simulation StalistiCS,lI-7
Print,li-7
System Menu, 11-3
F
File Retrieval Panel, ii-70
rile Termination Panel, if-71
rile Storage Panel, ii-68
Fill Mop, ii-59
fill Screen, ii-59
fuel Cells, 11-19
full Custom Oeslgn,l-30
Ii
GauSS" Guns, ii-20
Getting Storted, 1-2
H
Headquarters
Positioning.li-38
ID Oisc, 1-2, See Orientotlon Guide

Include Commond, 111-39
Insertion Cursor, 11-25
Instrument Ponel, il-36
J
Jammer, 11-22
L
ltlbels, iiI-4, 1'12
Losers, 11-20
launcher, ti-22
library Copsules, i-no Part IU
Listener. 11-22
Design Menu. 1I-3S

Positioning lIeadQuQrlers. ii-36
Selecting Teams, li-36
Special Items. ii-21
SyntaH Guide, RppendiH 4
Syslem Menu, ii-3
system Uarlables. iIi-S. 1--'13. RppendiH 2
M
Mouement ((yberlankl, 111-7, iii-a
Mouement Obstruction Sensor. 111-12
T
lunlc (IasHs, ii-19
Teams
Selecting, ii-36
N
Nuclear Weopon\, ii-20
o
Object Types, nppendiH :3
Operators, iii-S
OSlo IOrientotion Guide)
p
Po use. 1-23
Pen Down, jj-(j2
Plosma guns. 11-20

Plop Mode, il-62
R
Repoir KIl, 11-21
Reserued Words, 111-3,1--12. Rppend!H
Restarting 0 Simuollion, i-H
TeHt
Rdding lines. ii-25, 1-27
(opy and Poste, ii-14, i-31
(ul and rosie. ii-n. i-3\
Dele ling, i1-2S, 1-21. i-3D
Double lines, i-28
hepanded TeHI, ii-14
Inserllng TeHI, 11-25. ;-21
Replacing TeHt. ii-27. i-3D
Scrolling, li-25, i-20
Selecting, 11-26, 1-29
Tiles. ii-S6
fill Mop, Ii-59
rill Screen, ii-59
ren Down. ii-62
Plop Tiles, ii-62
Trace Mode, ii-47
Tread Damage and Repair, iil-7
Resume Command, lii-36

Resume Simulation, 1-23
u
User Uarlobles, iIi-S, 1-'13
s
Satellite Ulew, 1-23,
ii~43
Soue
u
Uontage roinl, i-22
Cyberlonk De .. ign, 1-14, i-34
Simulation, 1i-4<1
Simulolion Oe .. 190, iI-37

Seooner, iii-IS. iii-23
Sconner lock, 111-21, 11-22
Scanning [nemy. iii-16
Scanning 10r lIeadQuorlen, iii-IO
Scanning Objects, iii-17

Sconner Oamoge and Repair, iii-! 5
Seooner Oeteclion. iii-22
Sunner Jamming, m-22
Scanner Rotate. jjj-19
Semicustom Design. i-II
Simulate Menu, Il-S
SimUlation Design Module ISDMJ, 11-34
w
Weapons
Fire WeaponS", iii-27
Weapon Damage and Repair. jij-2S
Weapon TypeS", 11-20
Weopons Chart, ii-20
Weapon System. i-41
Notes
Notes
...
otes
..
Notes
Notes
Notes

Notes
...
Notes
Notes

About the Author...
'.
After spending some

time with Stuart Marks. and
learning of his intense interest and participation in
sports, you're struck by the
juxtaposition of his professional life and personal
interests. His goal is "to
enjoy life and avoid having
to sit behind a computer
terminal day after day." Yet,
he is a talented programmer
and game designer whose job
requires that he scroll
through screen after screen
!"'lI~rt 8. ,'brio:,
of program code on a daily
basis. Luckily, he is able to stagger his hours and pursue the
necessities oflire - smashing forehands to the baseline and
chipping delicate golf shots over greenside bunkers.
Born in Houston, Texas, Stuart spent most of his boyhood
years in the outdoors, enjoying tennis, golf, water skiing, snow
skiing, softball and volleyball. When he wasn't playing, he was
watching, and he still follows the progress of the Houston
Astros and Houston Oilers, He also plays championship caliber
golf and tennis, competing in tournaments throughout the
state.
Stuart attended the University of Texas, studying accounting to learn new methods of depreciating his Apple II computer.
Ostensibly purchased to "help ,\fith homework", the computer
soon became a tool for dealing with his lifelong fascination with
games... and VisiCalc was replaced by Pong. Fortunately,
there weren't many games that really captured Stuart's attention, and he began developing his own entertainment ideas.
Since 1981, Stuart has created eight difTerent games for
the personal computer. The first to be published is 01\IEOA. As
long as Stuart has La take time away from sports to have his
rackets restrung and his golf clubs regripped, you can bel he'll
continue his pursuit of the software side of gaming.

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How did the idea for OMEGA evolve over time?

How did the idea for OMEGA evolve over time?

What were some of the challenges in developing OMEGA?

What were some of the challenges in developing OMEGA?

The Making of OMEGA...

By the time a computer game appears on retail shelves,

'---------------SECTION 1 - GENERRL INFORMATION

SECTION 3 - BATTLE SIMULATION

4 - BACK TO THE ORAWING BOARD

SECTION 6 - FUll CUSTOM DESIGN

6.5.1 EHperimenting With the CCl

1 - EHTERNRL CONTROL MODULE

2.4.1 OCutling ond Posting TeHt

204.11 Copying ond Pasting TeHt

SECTION 3 - SIMULATION OESIGN MOOULE

4 - COM8AT SIMULATION MODULE

5 - CYBERTANK TEST MODULE

SECTION 7 - BATILHIHD DESIGN MODULE

SECTION 8 - DATA DUPLICATION MODUlE

PART 3: Command Language

SECTION 9 - SYSTEM OPERATIONS

I - CYBERTRNK COMMRNO LANGURGE

SECTION 2 - MOUING THE CYBERTRNK

SECTION 3 - USING THE SCANNER

LAUNCHING REMOTE SCRNNERS

SECTION 4 - USING THE WERPON

SECTION 6 - USING THE COMMUNICATIONS LINK

Part 5 - Combat Objectives

COMBAT OBJECTIVES AND

SECTION 2 - TEAM COMBAT

SECTION 3 - MANUAL CONTROL

SECTION 2 - SECURITY ERRORS

SECTION 3 - SIMULATION EAAOAS

SECTI ON 4 - OTHER ERRORS

PART I: Training Guide

PART I: Training Guide

EMPLOYEE IDENTIFICATION DISC

If you haue not yet obtained an Employee Identification

The Troining Guide is organized so that you can read it while

After arriuing at the 051 Security Gate, select the I!!I~I.'JOII'!J'

PART I: Training Guide

Throughout the Training Guide you will find these names

PART I: Training Guide

CHASSIS DESIGN AND AI DESIGN

Designing a cybertank chassis requires the selection of

BEGINNING THE CYBERTANK DESIGN PROCESS

To begin, select DESIGN CYBERTANK from the DESIGN

PART I: Training Guide

OElitC" tultlllUl nllDU4E

Sueur I "I l: I l:1"'''''':C

Diagram 2.2 - Design Control Module (OeM)

2.2.1 The Design Control Module

PART I: Training Guide

Diagram 2.2.2 -- File Storage Panel (FSP)

DESIGNING THE CYBERTANK'S CHASSIS

After reseruing a place for AlPflA, the OSI/CACO transfers

PART I: TraInIng Guide

The 1JJ@~OU'OIl:IlJUO@1il1l button shows a summary of equipment

2.3.2 Selecting Equipment

PART 1: Training Guide