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    M9L4

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    RamanarayanSankriti
    Hyperspectral remote sensing allows sensors to gather radiation from the Earth's surface across hundreds of narrow spectral bands. This provides detailed spectral information that can be used to detect and identify unique land and atmospheric features. Hyperspectral imaging provides a complete representation of spectral signatures with narrow bandwidths, enabling detection of subtle spectral differences between materials. Its applications include analysis of vegetation, minerals, land cover mapping and monitoring of natural disasters.

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    M9L4

    Uploaded by

    RamanarayanSankriti
    94 views18 pages
    Hyperspectral remote sensing allows sensors to gather radiation from the Earth's surface across hundreds of narrow spectral bands. This provides detailed spectral information that can be used to detect and identify unique land and atmospheric features. Hyperspectral imaging provides a complete representation of spectral signatures with narrow bandwidths, enabling detection of subtle spectral differences between materials. Its applications include analysis of vegetation, minerals, land cover mapping and monitoring of natural disasters.

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    HYPER SPECTRAL REMOTESENSING

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    Hyperspectral remote sensing allows sensors to gather radiation from the Earth's surface across hundreds of narrow spectral bands. This provides detailed spectral information that can be used to detect and identify unique land and atmospheric features. Hyperspectral imaging provides a complete representation of spectral signatures with narrow bandwidths, enabling detection of subtle spectral differences between materials. Its applications include analysis of vegetation, minerals, land cover mapping and monitoring of natural disasters.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    94 views18 pages

    M9L4

    Uploaded by

    RamanarayanSankriti
    Hyperspectral remote sensing allows sensors to gather radiation from the Earth's surface across hundreds of narrow spectral bands. This provides detailed spectral information that can be used to detect and identify unique land and atmospheric features. Hyperspectral imaging provides a complete representation of spectral signatures with narrow bandwidths, enabling detection of subtle spectral differences between materials. Its applications include analysis of vegetation, minerals, land cover mapping and monitoring of natural disasters.

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    Advanced Topics

    (iv) Hyperspectral Remote


    Sensing

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Objectives
    2

    Introduction
    Importance of Hyperspectral Remote

    Sensing
    Multispectral Vs Hyperspectral Images
    Applications

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Introduction
    3

    Imaging spectrometry, imaging spectroscopy

    hyperspectral (too many, excessive): 100s of bands

    Ultraspectral: 1000s of bands

    The reflected or emitted radiation is measured at a

    fine enough
    materials

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    spectral

    resolution

    to

    identify

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Introduction
    4

    Hyperspectral remote sensing allows a sensor on a moving


    platform to gather emitted radiation from the Earths surface.
    This special detector system records hundreds of spectral
    bands

    of

    relatively

    narrow

    bandwidths

    (5-10

    nm)

    simultaneously. With such detail, the ability to detect and


    identify unique trends in land and atmospheric data sets is
    greatly improved

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Importance of a Hyperspectral
    Imaging Satellite
    5
    Hyperspectral Sensor
    Allows for far more specific analysis of land cover
    The emissivity levels of each band can be combined to form a
    spectral reflectance curve

    Additionally, this sensor would also cover all of the useful

    spectral bands

    Visible imagery, vegetation, chlorophyll, sediments


    Near Infrared - atmospheric properties, cloud cover, vegetation
    land cover transformation
    Thermal Infrared Sea surface temperature, forest fires,
    volcanoes, cloud height, total ozone

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Hyperspectral Remote Sensing


    6

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Hyperspectral Remote Sensing


    7

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Multispectral vs. hyperspectral


    Remote sensing (RS)
    8

    MultiSpectral RS

    HyperSpectral RS

    Separated spectral bands

    Does not have any

    Wider bandwidths
    Coarse representation of

    the spectral signature


    Unable to discern small
    differences between
    reflectance spectra
    Smaller data volumes
    Fewer problems with
    calibration

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    spectral gaps
    Narrow bandwidths
    (10nm)
    Complete representation
    of the spectral signature
    Capable to detect subtle
    spectral features
    Largeer data volumes
    Radiometric and spectral
    calibration are timeconsuming

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Multispectral Vs Hyperspectral
    9

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Visualization of Hyperspectral
    Data
    10

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Concept of Imaging
    Spectrometer
    11

    Spectra of two materials


    With very different
    Reflectance and
    Absorption properties,
    When sensed with a wide
    Band will have the same
    Response and cannot
    Be identified
    The continuous spectrum
    Of each spatial element
    Is analyzed using
    Hyperspectral sensor or
    Imaging spectrometer

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Hyperspectral Image Analysis


    12

    Hyperspectral image analysis techniques are derived using the field of

    spectroscopy which relate the molecular composition of a particular


    material with respect to the corresponding absorption and reflection
    pattern of light at individual wavelengths.

    Spectral information of known material can be collected in laboratory

    settings and stored as libraries. Different methods can be employed to


    compare the reference spectra with the obtained spectral reflectance.

    Another approach is spectrum ratioing which is dividing every

    reflectance value in the reference spectrum by the respective value of


    the image spectrum.

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Applications of Hyperspectral
    Imagery
    13

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Currently operational
    Hyperspectral Sensors
    14

    AVIRIS
    224 bands 0.4-2.5m, flies on ER-2 or low-altitude Twin
    Otter
    EO-1
    Technology demonstration mission, includes Hyperion
    instrument
    220 bands 0.4-2.5m, 7.5x100km swath

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Hyperion: Imaging Spectrometer


    15

    On-board NASA EO-1 satellite (demonstrating new

    sensor technologies)
    Pushbroom sensor at 705 km altitude (7.6 km swath
    width)
    Near-polar orbit (98o inclination)
    Flying in formation w/Landsat 7 (1 minute apart)
    spectral range 0.43 - 2.4 m, 10 nm bandwidths
    220 spectral bands
    30m spatial resolution
    12-bit quantization

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Hyperion
    16

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Bibliography
    17
    1. Chandrasekhar, S (1950), Radiative Transfer. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 393 pp.
    2. John R. Jensen, 1996, Introductory Digital Image Processing, Prentice Hall
    3. Lillesand T. M. & Kiefer R. W., 2000. Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, 4th ed. Wiley & Sons.
    4. Paul. MK. Mather, 2004, Computer Processing of Remotely- Sensed Images, Wiley & Sons.
    5. Volchok, B. A. and M. M. Chernyak (1969), Transfer of microwave radiation in clouds and precipitation.
    Transfer of Microwave Radiation in the Atmosphere, NASA TT F-590, 90-97.
    6. Wilheit, T. T., Chang, A. T. C., Rao, M. S. V., Rodgers, E. B. and Theon, J. S (1977), A satellite technique
    for quantitatively mapping rainfall rates over the oceans., J. Appl. Meteorol., 16, 551-560.

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

    Thank You

    Remote Sensing: M9L4

    18

    D. Nagesh Kumar, IISc

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