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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 425/622

(CHE 425/622)
Strategies for Process Improvement
and Product Development
Term

F15

Instructor Professor Alexander Penlidis, PEng, FCAE, FCIC


Canada Research Chair (CRC) in Polymer Engineering
Dept. of Chemical Engineering
Rm: E6-5004
Tel: 519-888-4567 Ext. 36634
Eml: penlidis@uwaterloo.ca
Office hours: Please set up via e-mail message
Grading

Assignments
25% (includes a short project assignment for G); G
refers to grad students; U refers to undergrad students)
Mid-term
15% (open book/notes)
Final
60% (open book/notes)

Textbook
(a) D.C. Montgomery (2009). Design and Analysis of Experiments
(8th edition), Wiley: to complement lecture notes
(b) Course Notes (to be handed out in class, Ch 1 to 10); Additional handouts
may be distributed during lectures or via LEARN
Teaching
Assistant

Ms. Alison Scott


Rm: E6-5112
Tel: 519-888-4567 Ext. 31665
Eml: ajscott@uwaterloo.ca
Office hours: Please set up via e-mail message

Lecture Room [Lectures follow undergrad calendar for F15 term]


Tuesday
10:30 am-12:30 pm
E6 2024
Thursday
10:30 am-12:30 pm
E6 2024
Academic Offences and Plagiarism
The Senate of the University of Waterloo requires that all course descriptions
contain material related to plagiarism and academic offences. The web
addresses below describe relevant material and you are asked to read through
this information carefully. If you have any questions, please ask your instructor.
http://uwaterloo.ca/secretariat/policies-procedures-guidelines/policy-71
http://uwaterloo.ca/engineering/current-undergraduate-students/academic-support

pg 1

Course Objectives
The course will discuss the role of statistical design of experiments (and subsequent data
analysis) for process/recipe improvement and product development (modeling and
optimization). Topics will cover linear vs non-linear regression situations and model-based
designs. Given the need for an experimental investigation, determine an optimal experimental
design (and alternative scenarios). Screening designs, single and multifactor factorial
designs, and response surface designs (combined with regression and analysis of variance
principles) in aid of process understanding (key before we do anything else) and further
process/product design.
Very few undergrad or grad curricula cover this!
Assignment problems and examples in notes/book are important to understand principles and
techniques.
Course Outline (10 chapters in course notes, covering the general themes that follow)
1.
Statistical Background
Quick review of a typical 2nd year Engineering/Science introductory Statistics course
2.

Regression Analysis
Linear regression with matrix calculus; analysis of variance; diagnostics/residuals

3.

Statistical Design of Experiments


Overview

4.

Design/Analysis of Single Factor Experiments


Randomization; replication; comparisons

5.

Blocking
Paired comparisons

6.

Multifactor Experiments
Two-level factorial experiments and related models

7.

Multifactor Experiments
Two-level fractional factorials and screening designs

8.

a)

Nonlinear Regression (level of detail will depend on available time)

b)

Other Special Topics (as time permits)


Response surfaces; central composite designs; variable transformations;
Evolutionary Operation (EVOP); etc.

Assignment Policy (6 assignments for U; 7 for G)


Assignments will be due at the end of class at instructor-designated deadlines (almost every
two weeks). These will be graded and returned to you in class (usually within 7-10 days).
Problem solutions should be legible, well organized and easy to follow (to be taken into
account during grading). Late assignments will not be accepted, unless you have notified me
in advance before the due date (with a justification).
Mid-term Exam
Mon, Oct 19, 2015, 7:00-8:50 pm, E6-2024, 2022, 4022. Open book/notes.
pg 2

Course Learning Outcomes (related to CEAB Graduate Attributes and course


accreditation; see also Graduate Attributes Table below; numbers in brackets
correspond to the numbered outcomes of the Table)
After completion of this course, students will be able to:
Estimate confidence and prediction intervals and construct ANOVA tables (variance
decomposition) in both regression and design of experiments situations (1, 2)
Be fluent with advanced linear regression situations (correlation, prediction, analysis of
residuals, model comparisons, model diagnostic checks); same with nonlinear regression
situations (joint confidence regions to describe parameter uncertainty, design of experiments
for nonlinear mechanistic models, D-optimality and other related optimal measures) (3, 4, 5)
Differentiate between design scenarios vs data analysis (randomization, replication, blocking)
(6, 7, 8)
Design single factor experiments: data analysis, multiple comparisons, comparison-wise vs
experiment-wise error, with and without blocking of (lurking) stochastic variables (3, 4, 5, 9)
Design multifactor experiments: emphasis on 2-level full and fractional factorial designs,
assessing significance of factor and factor interaction effects, confounding of effects, benefits
of orthogonal designs, estimation of process error, selection of best design fraction,
screening designs to generate process information (3, 4, 5, 9)
Use response surface methodology to identify optimal operating conditions: central
composite designs, polynomial models, generalized lack-of-fit tests (3, 4, 5, 9)
Address questions like: why apply experimental designs, what if experiments are not
designed, what if experiments do not go as planned, what if results are unexpected, empirical
observations vs meaningful physico-chemical interpretations, what is next (6, 7, 8, 12)

pg 3

Graduate Attributes
As defined by the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB), listed below as a
reference:
Outcome
1. A knowledge
base for
engineering
2. Problem
analysis

Definition
Demonstrated competence in university level mathematics, natural
sciences, engineering fundamentals, and specialized engineering
knowledge appropriate to the program.
An ability to use appropriate knowledge and skills to identify, formulate,
analyze, and solve complex engineering problems in order to reach
substantiated conclusions.
3. Investigation An ability to conduct investigations of complex problems by methods that
include appropriate experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and
synthesis of information in order to reach valid conclusions.
4. Design
An ability to design solutions for complex, open-ended engineering
problems and to design systems, components or processes that meet
specified needs with appropriate attention to health and safety risks,
applicable standards, economic, environmental, cultural and societal
considerations.
5. Use of
An ability to create, select, apply, adapt, and extend appropriate
engineering
techniques, resources, and modern engineering tools to a range of
tools
engineering activities, from simple to complex, with an understanding of
the associated limitations.
6. Individual
An ability to work effectively as a member and as a leader in teams,
and team work
preferably in a multi-disciplinary setting.
7.
An ability to communicate complex engineering concepts within the
Communication profession and with society at large. Such abilities include reading,
skills
writing, speaking and listening, and the ability to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, and to give and effectively
respond to clear instructions.
8.
An understanding of the roles and responsibilities of the professional
Professionalism engineer in society, especially the primary role of protection of the public
and the public interest.
9. Impact of
An ability to analyze social and environmental aspects of engineering
engineering on activities. Such abilities include an understanding of the interactions that
society and the engineering has with the economic, social, health, safety, legal, and
environment
cultural aspects of society; the uncertainties in the prediction of such
interactions; and the concepts of sustainable design and development
and environmental stewardship.
10. Ethics and
An ability to apply professional ethics, accountability, and equity.
equity
11. Economics
An ability to appropriately incorporate economics and business practices
and project
including project, risk and change management into the practice of
management
engineering, and to understand their limitations.
12. Life-long
An ability to identify and to address their own educational needs in a
learning
changing world to sufficiently maintain their competence and contribute to
the advancement of knowledge.

pg 4

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