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    The Big 5 Factors or O C E A N Theory of Personality Traits

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    Sumit Ghoshroy
    The Big 5 Factors or OCEAN theory of Personality Traits describes five basic dimensions of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Earlier theories proposed various numbers of traits, but the five-factor theory emerged as describing essential traits. Each factor is a range, such as extraversion between extreme extraversion and introversion. A person's traits interact with situational variables to determine behavior.

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    The Big 5 Factors or O C E A N Theory of Personality Traits

    Uploaded by

    Sumit Ghoshroy
    239 views1 page
    The Big 5 Factors or OCEAN theory of Personality Traits describes five basic dimensions of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Earlier theories proposed various numbers of traits, but the five-factor theory emerged as describing essential traits. Each factor is a range, such as extraversion between extreme extraversion and introversion. A person's traits interact with situational variables to determine behavior.

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    OCEAN

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    The Big 5 Factors or O C E a N Theory of Personality Traits

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    The Big 5 Factors or OCEAN theory of Personality Traits describes five basic dimensions of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Earlier theories proposed various numbers of traits, but the five-factor theory emerged as describing essential traits. Each factor is a range, such as extraversion between extreme extraversion and introversion. A person's traits interact with situational variables to determine behavior.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    239 views1 page

    The Big 5 Factors or O C E A N Theory of Personality Traits

    Uploaded by

    Sumit Ghoshroy
    The Big 5 Factors or OCEAN theory of Personality Traits describes five basic dimensions of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Earlier theories proposed various numbers of traits, but the five-factor theory emerged as describing essential traits. Each factor is a range, such as extraversion between extreme extraversion and introversion. A person's traits interact with situational variables to determine behavior.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    The Big 5 Factors or O C E A N theory of Personality Traits

    Introduction: Many contemporary personality psychologists believe that there are five basic dimensions of personality, often
    referred to as the "Big 5" personality traits. The five broad personality traits described by the theory are openness,
    onscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism (OCEAN).

    The need for the theory: Trait theories of personality have long attempted to pin down exactly how many different personality traits
    exist. Earlier theories have suggested a various number of possible traits, including Gordon Allport's list of 4,000 personality
    traits, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors and Hans Eysenck's three-factor theory.
    However, many researchers felt that Cattell's theory was too complicated and Eysenck's was too limited in scope. As a result, the
    five-factor theory emerged to describe the essential traits that serve as the building blocks of personality.
    The theory: The "big five" are broad categories of personality traits. While there is a significant body of literature supporting this fivefactor model of personality, researchers don't always agree on the exact labels for each dimension. However, these five categories
    are usually described as follows:

    1. Openness: This trait features characteristics such as imagination and insight, and those high in this trait also tend to have a
    broad range of interests. People who are high in this trait tend to be more adventurous and creative. People low in this trait are often
    much more traditional and may struggle with abstract thinking.

    2. Conscientiousness: Standard features of this dimension include high levels of thoughtfulness, with good impulse control and
    goal-directed behaviors. Those high on conscientiousness tend to be organized and mindful of details.

    3. Extroversion: Extroversion is characterized by excitability, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness and high amounts of emotional
    expressiveness. People who are high in extroversion are outgoing and tend to gain energy in social situations. People who are low in
    extroversion (or introverted) tend to be more reserved and have to expend energy in social settings.

    4. Agreeableness: This personality dimension includes attributes such as trust, altruism, kindness, affection and other pro-social
    behaviors. People who are high in agreeableness tend to be more cooperative while those low in this trait tend to be more
    competitive and even manipulative.

    5. Neuroticism: Neuroticism is a trait characterized by sadness, moodiness and emotional instability. Individuals who are high in this
    trait tend to experience mood swings, anxiety, moodiness, irritability and sadness. Those low in this trait tend to be more stable and
    emotionally resilient.
    Conclusion: It is important to note that each of the five personality factors represents a range between two extremes. For example,
    extraversion represents a continuum between extreme extraversion and extreme introversion. In the real world, most people lie
    somewhere in between the two polar ends of each dimension. Always remember that behavior involves an interaction between a
    person's underlying personality and situational variables. The situation that a person finds himself or herself in plays a major role in
    how the person reacts. However, in most cases, people offer responses that are consistent with their underlying personality traits.

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