Discussion

DISCUSSION
From the experiment, it was successfully obtained the flow rate measurement by
utilizing mass flow meter and rotameter and compares the flow rate measurement by utilizing
mass flow meter and rotameter. It use flow rates from the rotameter as the parameter to gain
the flow rates for venturi meter and the orifice meter. The objective of this experiment was
divided in three parts with three different objectives mainly to compare the flowrate analysis
for the best accurate measurement.
During conducting this experiment gas flow measurement bench is used to study the
fluid flow of compressible gas. This equipment used 3 different measuring device which is
orifice meter, venture meter and rotameter. These measurements give different type of result
respectively which measure the flowrate of compressible gas that flow through the device.
The expected result from the orifice meter will result in the increase in fluid velocity and
decrease in pressure due to the smaller area of orifice plate. Besides, venture meter exhibit
the same characteristics as orifice.
Experiment 1 was conducted to obtain the flow rate measurement by utilizing mass
flow meter and rotameter. From the table for experiment 1 the result shows that increasing the
rotameter speed will increase the mass flow meter reading. The pressure in this experiment
was held constant at 1 bar. Eventhough the pressure was held constant still it can be seen
decrease in pressure (PT1) when the flow meter increasing. These obey a Bernouulis
principle. Bernoulli's principle states that for an inviscid flow of a non-conducting fluid, an
increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a
decrease in the fluid's potential energy. The calculated mass flow meter and rotameter reading
at standard condition it just have small difference. For example at 10 LPM rotameter reading,
the mass flow meter reading is 24.73 LPM and the rotameter reading at standard condition
(STP) is 26.30 LPM. Then the experiment was repeated with different pressure. The pressure
for the second experiment is 2 bar. From the table, it can be seen with different pressure the
reading of flow meter has a big difference. For example at 10 LPM rotameter reading at 1 bar
is 24.73 LPM while for 2 bar it is 40.72 LPM. The calculated mass flow meter and rotameter
reading at standard condition it just have small difference.
The objective of experiment 2 is to determine the operation and characteristic of
Venturi meter. From the table it shows that as the rotameter increase, the calculated flow rate
is also increase. In the experiment 2 also was repeated using the different pressure which is 2
bar. From the table it can be concluded when the pressure increases the reading of flow meter
also increases. Lastly, experiment 3 is using orifice flow meter. The objective of experiment 3
is to determine the overall experimental constant of the orifice meter and compare with
theoretical calculated constant. From the experiment 3 obtained, it shows that as flowrate of
gas increase, the pressure of the gas decrease respectively with the pressure tested at 1 bar
and 2 bar. The same result will obtained when conducting experiment 2, the pressure will
decrease as flowrate increase.
From the experiment conducted, flow rate measurement was obtained by utilize mass
flowmeter and rotameter. Experiment 1 till 3 are conducted by utilize the rotameter by
10,15,20,25,30,35 LPM respectively. The result obtained shows that each increment of
rotameter reading will result in increasing of flow rate measurement. For instance in
experiment 2 for rotameter reading at 10 LPM the calculated flowrates is 1.04 LPM whereas
for rotameter reading at 35 LPM the calculated flowrates is 3.278 LPM. The same result will
obtained in experiment 1 and 3.
CONCLUSION
The objective of this experiment is satisfied which is to obtain the flow rate measurement by
utilizing mass flowmeter and rotameter and to compare flow rate measurement flow rate.
Both mass flow meter and rotameter increase with decreasing of pressure. The mass flow
meter at standard condition is lower than rotameter at standard conditions. The characteristics
and operation at venture meter, the calculated flow rate increase when decreasing the
pressure. Furthermore, the operation at orifice meter increase with decreasing of pressure.
The accurate mass flow measurement of gas is difficult to obtain because the gas is
compressible fluid. This concluded that the volume of a fixed mass of gas and rotameter
depends upon the pressure and temperature.
RECOMMENDATION
1. To get the better result the experiment should have been repeated twice.
2. Before run the experiment, the lab manual must be study and fully understand the
procedure and make sure use the correct valve for each experiment.
3. The reading must be taken when result shown at the gas flowmeter bench is stable.
4. Avoid the parallax error when adjusting the rotameter to get the accurate result.
5. Make sure know how to read the pressure gauge at the gas flowmeter bench.

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How did the experiment compare flow rate measurements using different devices?

What factors affect the flow rate measurements?

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