Parts and Functions of The Motherboard

PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE
MOTHERBOARD
Arnel Cartoneros 10:50:00 AM Computer Motherboard , functions , parts , Slider
Just study this if you want to pass the exam: The

computer Motherboard or shortly MOBO is one of the most important part of the Personal computer (PC).It
is a hardware of the computer installed inside the system unit(CPU).This MOBO hardware act as the main
board or the central or core assembly of the computer system unit.In other words inside of the CPU case
there are a lot of other hardware's connected to the MOBO,namely:Hard Disk Drive(HDD),CD/DVD
ROM,USB Card reader,FDD Drive,processor,RAM,LAN card,Wireless LAN Card,USB expansion board,VGA
Card, and the Power Supply Unit(PSU).These are all types of hardware's inside the system unit of the
Personal
Computer.
Computer motherboard designed to take advantage of the most demand application of a program. One
of the most application is to meet the system requirements of the 3G application.Just like the movie games
as high innovative applications of computer programming.As the form factor of motherboard as a series of
versions of the MOBO from AT,ATX,BTX,LPX,and NLPX.Compatible words being broadcast,that's why it is
the MOBO will synchronized the speed of processor,RAM, and Video Card(VGA).Unlike only if the MOBO is
built-in through the Input/Output ports.
So,lets talk about the Motherboard parts and function to enable you to familiarize the parts and
function.This is the most practical approach of the technician.(See the picture above).
1. I/O ports- this is located in the rear panel of the CPU,this use to connect the outside hardware or
peripherals of the computer.

PS/2 ports- these are use to connect the mouse(green color)and the keyboard(purple color)
DB 25 female connector(printer port)-this is use to connect the impact printer,one of that the
DOT MATRIX printer,ex. the Epson LX 300 +
DB 9 male connector(Serial or com1 port)-this use to connect a serial device of the
computer,such as the serial mouse and external modem.
VGA port(built-in)- this is use to interface the DB cord of the monitor screen or to connect the
monitor screen of the computer.The fastest video card versions are base on the standard of the vga
slots,ex: the AGP and PCIe card.
USB 2.0 2 ports- these are the ports of the usb devices of the computer.Attached externally of
the system unit,one of that is the USB flash drive.As of now the versions or speed of the USB are the 1.0
and 2.0 compatible.
LAN port- this called as Local Area Network of the computer.This is use to connect the numbers of
node or workstations(PC)to form a local area network of the computer with in their area.Using the a type of
communication media such as the network switch and router.
Audio Port- this is use to connect the speaker,mic, and MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital
Interface) device of the computer
2. ATX Power connector(4 pin)- this is use to connect the 4 pin of the power supply unit(PSU) .This is
separate of the 20 or 24 pin of ATX power supply to provide DC voltage of computer processor.
3.
Processors ZIF Socket- part of MOBO use to hold the processor or CPU chip(Zero Insertion
Force).The compatibility of the socket depend of the computer processor type.Such as the AM2 socket of
the AMD and the socket 775 of the Intel company.
4. Memory slot(DIMM)- this is called as Dual Inline Memory Module,this is the slot of computer memory
or what we called RAM.The memory slot depend of the type of the memory.Such as the PC 133 SDRAM
and PC 400 SDRAM-DDR 1.
5. ATX Power connector(24 or 28 pin)- a group of connector of the MOBO,This is separate of the 4 pin
power assignments.Its provide a DC power output to the system board(SB)from the output of the Power
Supply Unit.
6. Name of the Vendor- this is the manufacturer name.This is important to know the manufacturer or
vendor.So you can download through the internet site the drivers software of the MOBO.
7. CMOS/BIOS BATTERY- In this part, the CMOS/BIOS battery is hold,so that it can provide 3 volts direct
current/voltage to the CMOS IC.To preserve the BIOS settings of the computer.Such as the time
module,hardware information and settings/parameter,etc.

CMOS-Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
BIOS- Basic Input/Output system.Is a set of a program stored in CMOS IC, use to preserved the BIOS
configuration of the computer
CMOS BATTERY PART NUMBER- lithium dry cell CR 2032 3 volts
8. IDE connector(Intergrated Drive Electronics)- this connector is use to connect the IDE cable of the
HDD(Hard Disk Drive) or CD/DVD ROM to the MotherBoard IDE.
9. Front panel connectors(F-Panel)- this is use to connect the Power LED,HDD LED,Power Switch,and
Reset switch of the computer system unit(CPU).
10. SATA connector-this is Serial Advance Technology Attachment.The new standard of the IDE
connection array of the computer HDD(SATA HDD)to the motherboard system.
11. CMOS/BIOS jumper- this is use to disable the BIOS default setup.Such as to disabled the supervisor
password of the BIOS.

How to disable password before the BIOS setup
Turn off CPu
change jumper to clear
remove the CMOS battery
reinsert the BIOS battery
change jumper to normal
power up computer
press del or F2 to enter BIOS setup

12. USB connector(header)- this is use to connect the USB port of the front panel USB 2.0 x 2 port.
13. FDD connector- the connector of the FDD cable through the system board.Normally there are 34 pins
out of it to connect the 3.5 1.44mb Floppy Disk Drive.
14. PCI slots- a part of the computer motherboard use to connect the I/O cards of the computer.Such as
LAN card,WIFI card,USB expansion card,and sound card.
15. Motherboard Version number- here you can get the version of the motherboard driver software.So
that you can download it exactly to the manufacturer website.
16. CMOS/BIOS IC- this is the type of BIOS IC being use by the computer MOBO.A set of a program being
installed in this IC to preserved the BIOS configuration settings of the computer.Such as the speed of the
CPU chip and RAM, etc.
17. AMR slot- this is the AUDIO Modem Riser.Being use to demodulate and modulate the analog audio
of the computer.
18. PCI express slot- a part of the computer that hold the computer video card(VGA), the PCIe card.The
latest and the most fastest card being installed and most compatible with 3d and 4g gaming of the
computer.The old video card type is the AGP or Accelerated Graphic Ports and the standard of the PCIe.
19. North Bridge IC- is a passion name as being north of the PCI buses or the PCI slots of the MOBO.The
true name of the north bridge is MCI or Memory Controller Hub.Assigned to manage and control the
computer memory before the processing of the CPU chip.
20. South Bridge IC-is a passion name as being south of the PCI buses or PCI slots.The true name of the
south bridge is I/O Controller HUB(ICH).Its is a type of microchip task to control all the Input and output
devices of the computer.Such as the keyboard and mouse.And the monitor screen of the computer, that
commonly found at the rear back of the CPU or system unit.

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PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE

Just study this if you want to pass the exam: The

peripherals of the computer.

module,hardware information and settings/parameter,etc.

password of the BIOS.

Turn off CPu

change jumper to clear

remove the CMOS battery

reinsert the BIOS battery

change jumper to normal

press del or F2 to enter BIOS setup

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