Annotated Bibliography

Ryan Li & Joshua Lee

"How Change Happens: The Real Story of Mrs. Rosa Parks & The Montgomery Bus Boycott."
How Change Happens: The Real Story of Mrs. Rosa Parks & The Montgomery Bus
Boycott | The Huffington Post. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2016.
<http://www.huffingtonpost.com/paul-schmitz/how-change-happens-there_b_6237544.html>.
This secondary source explained in detail the beginnings of Rosa Parks, which also
introduces her future husband, Raymond Parks and how she got involved in the Civil
Rights Movement. It also discussed her involvement in the Scottsboro Nine case. The
article ends with saying that equality and social change does not come from one person,
but from the involvement of many.
"International Civil Rights." International Civil Rights: Walk of Fame - Rosa Parks. N.p., n.d.
Web. 14 Nov. 2016.
<https://www.nps.gov/features/malu/feat0002/wof/Rosa_Parks.htm>.
This secondary source elaborated the beginnings of Rosa Louise McCauley (Parks) and
her path to becoming a Civil Rights activist. It was on December 1, 1955, when she
refused to get up from her seat that caused a major shift in power between the whites and
the blacks. Due to a Supreme Court Ruling and declining revenue for the bus companies,
the bus company was forced to change their policies regarding segregation.
"Interview with Rosa Parks | How Rosa Parks Fought for Civil Rights." Interview With Rosa
Parks | How Rosa Parks Fought for Civil Rights | Scholastic.com. Scholastic, n.d. Web.
14 Nov. 2016. <http://teacher.scholastic.com/rosa/interview.htm>.
This article is a primary article because it is an interview, or firsthand account with Rosa
Parks, a leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s. The questions asked ranged
from being about her humble beginnings to her role in the Civil Rights Movement. This
interview helped me understand the topic due to the simplicity of the questions and
Rosas answers were straight to the point, and a lot of explaining on why she did what
she did.
Interview with Rosa Parks. Washington University in St. Louis, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2016.
<http://digital.wustl.edu/e/eop/eopweb/par0015.0895.080rosaparks.html>.
This article is a primary article because it is an interview, or firsthand account with Rosa
Parks, a leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s. This interview starts out with
the interviewer asking about Rosas thoughts on the Emmit Till Case, which was about a
young black boy who got murdered while visiting a relatives home. This interview goes
in-depth about all the Civil Rights groups she was a part of, such as the NAACP and why
she did what she did on that day and what the bus driver and police officers said to her
directly.

"Profiles in Greatness: Sitting Down to Take a Stand." Profiles in Greatness: Sitting Down to
Take a Stand | SUCCESS Magazine | What Achievers Read. N.p., 19 Aug. 2011. Web. 14
Nov. 2016. <http://www.success.com/mobile/article/profiles-in-greatness-sitting-downto-take-a-stand>.
This secondary source details her beginnings and how she met Raymond Parks, who
although didnt gave a good education, encouraged Rosa to finish hers. It also talks about
how they both had a passion for finding equality for African-Americans everywhere. The
article then talks about that fateful day, where sitting down was her standing up for
African-Americans everywhere. Lastly, it discusses about the numerous awards she had
received for her actions, such as: NAACPs Spingarn Medal, the Martin Luther King Jr.
Nonviolent Peace Prize, the Rosa Parks Peace Prize, Congressional Gold Medal of
Honor, and the Medal of Freedom, which was bestowed upon her by President Bill
Clinton.
"Rosa Parks." Rosa Parks - Civil Rights Pioneer | Great Black Heroes. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov.
2016. <http://www.greatblackheroes.com/civil-rights/rosa-parks/>.
This secondary source talks about her beginnings and how her family split up when she
was young and her early battles with racism at a young age. It goes on to talk about how
she wasnt physically tired when she refused to stand up, but she was tired of giving in to
racism. It then went on to talk about how after the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Parks,
the bus company not only relented on its bus rules but also hired black drivers, which
shows how one person can be part of this much change.
"Rosa Parks: A Primary Source Gallery." Rosa Parks: A Primary Source Gallery - Classroom
Presentation | Teacher Resources - Library of Congress. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2016.
<http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentation
s/rosa-parks-gallery/>.
This webpage is a primary source because it displays numerous journal entries by Rosa
Parks and letters between family and friends detailing unfair treatments of blacks and
pictures of Rosa with other public figures.
"Rosa Parks: Mother of the Civil Rights Movement." One Womans Defiance Sparked a
Political Movement. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2016.
<http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/publication/2009/01/20090106142830jmnamd
eirf0.6788446.html#axzz4Q30ZsOpw>.
This secondary source talks about Rosas beginnings and how she didnt get on the bus
with the intention of being arrested, but only wanted to go home. After she got arrested
for not getting up, she knew that she would never ride on a segregated bus again and so
began the boycott of segregated buses. Lastly, it talks about how she doesnt credit
herself with the decision of not getting up, but credits God for providing her the strength
to be able to.

"Today in History: Rosa Parks Takes a Stand by Sitting Down." Today in History: Rosa Parks
Takes a Stand by Sitting Down. N.p., 1 Dec. 2015. Web. 14 Nov. 2016.
<http://www.peoplesworld.org/article/today-in-history-rosa-parks-takes-a-stand-bysitting-down/>.
This secondary source detailed about how Rosa was just so tired of giving in, and that
alone was the reason for her not getting up for the white man. She was portrayed as a
humble, ordinary working woman who was tired of always giving in to segregation.
"The Arrest Records of Rosa Parks Bredhoff, Stacey, & Wynell, Schamel, and Lee Ann Potter.
Social Education 63, 4 (May/June 1999): 207-211.
<https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/rosa-parks/>
This primary source contains various documents that are about the Civil Rights
Movement and Rosas involvement in it. It went on to talk about what happened after she
was arrested and how so many African-Americans rallied around her after this act.