Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Blowdown (Mechanical Engineer's Reference Book)

    Uploaded by

    Devi Purnamasari
    39 views3 pages
    This document discusses methods for blowing down boilers to control dissolved and suspended solids levels. The simplest method is manually opening a bottom blowdown valve periodically. More advanced methods include automatic intermittent blowdown using a timer-controlled valve and continuous blowdown through a regulating valve. All methods require initial monitoring to determine the correct blowdown rate. Recovering heat from blowdown can improve efficiency.

    Original Description:

    bvi

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    This document discusses methods for blowing down boilers to control dissolved and suspended solids levels. The simplest method is manually opening a bottom blowdown valve periodically. More advanced methods include automatic intermittent blowdown using a timer-controlled valve and continuous blowdown through a regulating valve. All methods require initial monitoring to determine the correct blowdown rate. Recovering heat from blowdown can improve efficiency.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    39 views3 pages

    Blowdown (Mechanical Engineer's Reference Book)

    Uploaded by

    Devi Purnamasari
    This document discusses methods for blowing down boilers to control dissolved and suspended solids levels. The simplest method is manually opening a bottom blowdown valve periodically. More advanced methods include automatic intermittent blowdown using a timer-controlled valve and continuous blowdown through a regulating valve. All methods require initial monitoring to determine the correct blowdown rate. Recovering heat from blowdown can improve efficiency.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    In order to maintain the level of dissolved and suspended solids within the boiler as recommended

    in Section 15.3.11it is necessary for the boiler to be blown down. This is an operation where a
    quantity of water is drained from the boiler while the boiler is operating at pressure. This may be
    achieved by various methods.

    The simplest, and that applied to small boilers, is for the main bottom blowdown valve to be
    opened for a set period of
    time at regular intervals (e.g. 20 seconds every 8 hours). This method may also extend to larger
    boilers where conditions are such that there is little build-up of solids. Such conditions could be
    high-condense returns an.d good-quality make-up feed water.

    The second method could be automatic intermittent blowdown. With this a timer-controlled valve is
    installed at the
    bottom of the boiler prior io the main blowdown valve. A programme is then designed to operate
    this valve in short
    bursts which disperses any sludge and controls the levels of solids. This method i s preferred for
    boilers having internal
    treatment.

    The third method would be continuous blowdown through a regulating or micrometer valve. The
    take-of position for this
    should preferably be about 250 mm below the working water level and may either be on the side of
    the shell or on the crown with a dip pipe down to the correct level. If a connection is not available it
    is possible to install the valve on the bottom connection prior to the main blowdown valve.

    All these methods will require careful monitoring initially to set up anid determine the correct rate
    of blowdown once the
    plant is operating. In order to take the necessary sample from the boiler the boiler(s) should be
    fitted with a sample cooler.
    To automate the continuous blowdown a conductivitycontrolied system may be installed. Here a
    controller continuously compares the boiler water electrical conductivity with a value set in the
    controller. Depending if this is above or below
    the set rate it will automatically adjust the blowdown flow rate.

    While the above methods control the level of dissolved and suspended solids in the boiler it will still
    be an insurance
    requirement to operate the main blowdown valve periodically.

    While vitally necessary, blowdown can be expensive in terms of lost heat. Therefore a point will be
    reached when it is
    economical to install a blowdown heat-recovery system. Generally, the heat content in the
    blowdown water for a shell boiler will represent only about 25% of the heat content in the same
    percentage of steam. Therefore if a blowdown rate of
    10% is required this represents an approximate heat loss of 2.5% from the boiler capacity. This
    differential reduces and
    eventually becomes insignificant on high-pressure water tube boilers. The blowdown from the
    boiler(s) will be run to a Rash steam vessel mounted adjacent to the feed tank. Flash steam will be
    introduced into the feed tank through a dip pipe
    terminating in a distribution manifold. The drain from the flash vessel may then be taken to a
    residual blowdown heat exchanger. Any remaining heat is then transferred to the make-up water to
    the tank before the blowdown runs to drain.
    Blowdown from the boiler(s) should always be taken to either a blowdown sump or blowdown
    vessel before discharging into drains. Both should be adequately sized to give cooling by dilution
    and be fitted with vent pipes to dissipate
    pressure safely. The boiler(s) should have independent drain lines for the main manually operated
    blowdown valve and the
    drains from a continuous blowdown system. This is set out in Clause 8.7 (Boiler Blowdown and
    Drain Mountings) in
    BS 2790: 1989

    Dalam rangka mempertahankan tingkat padatan terlarut dan tersuspensi dalam boiler seperti yang
    direkomendasikan dalam Bagian 15.3.11it diperlukan untuk boiler yang akan ditiup bawah. Ini
    adalah operasi di mana kuantitas air dialirkan dari boiler sementara boiler beroperasi pada
    tekanan. Hal ini dapat dicapai dengan berbagai metode.

    Yang paling sederhana, dan yang diterapkan untuk boiler kecil, adalah untuk katup bawah
    blowdown utama yang harus dibuka untuk periode set
    waktu secara berkala (misalnya 20 detik setiap 8 jam). Metode ini juga dapat memperpanjang
    untuk boiler yang lebih besar di mana kondisi sehingga ada sedikit penumpukan padat. Kondisi
    seperti bisa tinggi mengembun kembali an.d berkualitas baik make-up air umpan.

    Metode kedua bisa otomatis blowdown berselang. Dengan ini katup pengatur waktu yang
    dikendalikan dipasang di
    bawah boiler sebelum io katup blowdown utama. Sebuah program ini kemudian dirancang untuk
    beroperasi valve ini di singkat
    semburan yang menyebar lumpur apapun dan mengontrol kadar padatan. Metode ini lebih disukai
    untuk boiler memiliki internal yang
    pengobatan.

    Metode ketiga akan blowdown kontinyu melalui mengatur atau mikrometer katup. Take-posisi
    untuk ini
    sebaiknya sekitar 250 mm di bawah permukaan air bekerja dan mungkin baik berada di sisi
    shell atau mahkota dengan pipa dip sampai ke tingkat yang benar. Jika sambungan tidak tersedia
    adalah mungkin untuk menginstal katup pada sambungan bawah sebelum katup blowdown
    utama.

    Semua metode ini akan membutuhkan pemantauan hati-hati awalnya untuk mengatur anid
    menentukan tingkat yang benar dari blowdown setelah
    tanaman beroperasi. Dalam rangka untuk mengambil sampel yang diperlukan dari boiler boiler (s)
    harus dilengkapi dengan pendingin sampel.
    Untuk mengotomatisasi blowdown kontinyu sistem conductivitycontrolied dapat diinstal. Berikut
    controller terus membandingkan konduktivitas listrik air boiler dengan nilai yang ditetapkan dalam
    controller. Tergantung apakah ini atas atau di bawah
    tingkat set secara otomatis akan menyesuaikan laju aliran blowdown.

    Sementara metode di atas mengontrol tingkat padatan terlarut dan tersuspensi dalam boiler itu
    akan tetap asuransi
    persyaratan untuk mengoperasikan katup blowdown utama berkala.
    Sementara sangatlah diperlukan, blowdown bisa mahal dalam hal kehilangan panas. Oleh karena
    itu titik akan tercapai bila
    ekonomis untuk menginstal sistem panas-recovery blowdown. Umumnya, kandungan panas dalam
    air blowdown untuk boiler shell akan hanya mewakili sekitar 25% dari kandungan panas dalam
    persentase yang sama dari uap. Oleh karena itu jika tingkat blowdown dari
    10% diperlukan ini merupakan kehilangan panas perkiraan 2,5% dari kapasitas boiler. Diferensial
    ini mengurangi dan
    akhirnya menjadi tidak signifikan pada tekanan tinggi tabung air boiler. The blowdown dari boiler
    (s) akan lari ke kapal uap Rash dipasang berdekatan dengan tangki umpan. Flash steam akan
    diperkenalkan ke dalam tangki umpan melalui pipa dip
    terminating di manifold distribusi. Drain dari bejana uap kemudian dapat dibawa ke penukar
    blowdown panas sisa. Setiap panas yang tersisa kemudian ditransfer ke make-up air ke tangki
    sebelum blowdown berjalan untuk menguras.

    Blowdown dari boiler (s) harus selalu dibawa ke salah satu bah blowdown atau kapal blowdown
    sebelum pemakaian ke saluran pembuangan. Kedua harus berukuran cukup untuk memberikan
    pendinginan dengan pengenceran dan dilengkapi dengan pipa ventilasi untuk mengusir menekan
    aman. Boiler (s) harus memiliki garis menguras independen untuk utama katup blowdown
    dioperasikan secara manual dan saluran air dari sistem blowdown kontinyu. Ini diatur dalam
    Klausul 8.7 (Boiler Blowdown dan Tiriskan mounting) di
    BS 2790: 1989

    You might also like