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    Hyperbolic Functions 1 of 5 Hyperbolic Functions in Algebra and Calculus

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    NelsonMoseM
    The document discusses hyperbolic functions including: 1. Their uses in engineering, finding antiderivatives, and solving differential equations. 2. Definitions of hyperbolic functions in terms of exponential functions. 3. Some key identities involving hyperbolic functions.

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    Hyperbolic Functions 1 of 5 Hyperbolic Functions in Algebra and Calculus

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    NelsonMoseM
    62 views5 pages
    The document discusses hyperbolic functions including: 1. Their uses in engineering, finding antiderivatives, and solving differential equations. 2. Definitions of hyperbolic functions in terms of exponential functions. 3. Some key identities involving hyperbolic functions.

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    The document discusses hyperbolic functions including: 1. Their uses in engineering, finding antiderivatives, and solving differential equations. 2. Definitions of hyperbolic functions in terms of exponential functions. 3. Some key identities involving hyperbolic functions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    62 views5 pages

    Hyperbolic Functions 1 of 5 Hyperbolic Functions in Algebra and Calculus

    Uploaded by

    NelsonMoseM
    The document discusses hyperbolic functions including: 1. Their uses in engineering, finding antiderivatives, and solving differential equations. 2. Definitions of hyperbolic functions in terms of exponential functions. 3. Some key identities involving hyperbolic functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Hyperbolic Functions Page 1 of 5

    Hyperbolic Functions in Algebra and Calculus

    1. Uses of the hyperbolic functions:


    a. Engineering applications (catenary curves)
    b. Finding certain antiderivatives.
    c. Solving differential equations, such as
    y(x) = y(x), which has solution y(x) = Asinh(x) + Bcosh(x)
    vs. y(x) = -y(x), which has solution y(x) = Asin(x) + Bcos(x)

    2. Definition of the hyperbolic functions:

    e x ex e x ex
    sinh x cosh x
    2 2
    sinh x e x e x e 2 x 1 cosh x e x e x e 2 x 1
    tanh x coth x
    cosh x e x e x e 2 x 1 sinh x e x e x e 2 x 1
    1 2 1 2
    sech x x csch x x
    cosh x e e x sinh x e e x

    3. Some identities involving hyperbolic functions:

    cosh 2 u sinh 2 u 1 ei e i
    Note: if x = cosh u and y = sinh u, then sinh i
    2
    x 2 y 2 1 is the equation of a hyperbola
    cos i sin cos i sin

    2
    i sin
    sinh 2u 2 sinh u cosh u cosh 2u 2 cosh 2 u 1
    cosh (s + t) = cosh s cosh t + sinh s sinh t sinh (s + t) = sinh s cosh t + cosh s sinh t

    4. Osborness Rule: a trigonometry identity can be converted to an analogous identity for


    hyperbolic functions by expanding, exchanging trigonometric functions with their
    hyperbolic counterparts, and then flipping the sign of each term involving the product of
    two hyperbolic sines. For example, given the identity
    Osborne's rule gives the corresponding identity

    Citation: Eric W. Weisstein. "Osborne's Rule." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web


    Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/OsbornesRule.html
    Hyperbolic Functions Page 2 of 5

    5. Graphs of the hyperbolic functions:


    Hyperbolic Functions Page 3 of 5

    6. Inverses of the hyperbolic functions and their formulae:


    y sinh 1 x iff sinh y x y cosh 1 x iff cosh y x
    sinh 1 x ln x x2 1 cosh 1 x ln x x2 1
    1 1
    y tanh x iff tanh y x y coth x iff coth y x
    1 1 x 1 x 1
    tanh 1 x ln coth 1 x ln
    2 1 x 2 x 1
    1 1
    Also: coth x tanh
    1

    x
    y sech 1 x iff sech y x y csch 1 x iff csch y x
    1 1 1 1
    sech 1 x ln 2
    1 csch 1 x ln 2
    1
    x x x x
    1 1 1 1
    Also: sech x cosh Also: csch x sinh
    1 1

    x x

    7. Proof of the formula for the inverse hyperbolic sine:


    y sinh 1 x
    e y ey
    x sinh y
    2
    2x e y e y
    2 xe y e 2 y 1
    e 2 y 2 xe y 1 0
    e
    y 2

    2x e y 1 0
    2x 4 x 2 4(1)(1)
    ey x x2 1
    2(1)
    y sinh 1 x ln x x2 1
    Hyperbolic Functions Page 4 of 5

    8. Composition of hyperbolic functions and inverse hyperbolic functions:


    (Sorry this is so incomplete right now)

    sinh sinh 1 x x cosh sinh 1 x tanh sinh 1 x

    sinh cosh 1 x x 2 1 cosh cosh 1 x x tanh cosh 1 x


    x cosh tanh 1 x tanh tanh 1 x x
    sinh tanh 1 x
    1 x2 cosh coth 1 x tanh coth 1 x
    sinh coth 1 x
    cosh sech 1 x tanh sech 1 x
    sinh sech x
    1

    cosh csch 1 x tanh csch 1 x


    sinh csch 1 x
    coth sinh 1 x sech sinh 1 x csch sinh 1 x
    coth cosh 1 x sech cosh 1 x csch cosh 1 x
    coth tanh 1 x sech tanh 1 x csch tanh 1 x
    coth coth 1 x x sech coth 1 x csch coth 1 x
    coth sech 1 x sech sech 1 x x csch sech 1 x
    coth csch 1 x sech csch 1 x csch csch 1 x x

    9. Derivatives of the hyperbolic functions:

    d d e x ex e x ex d
    sinh x cosh x cosh x sinh x
    dx dx 2 2 dx
    d d
    tanh x sech 2 x coth x - csch 2 x
    dx dx
    d d
    sech x sech x tanh x csch x csch x coth x
    dx dx

    10. Recall that the derivative formulas can be used to obtain integral formulas, like
    sinh xdx cosh x c
    Hyperbolic Functions Page 5 of 5

    11. Derivatives of the inverse hyperbolic functions:


    d 1 d 1
    sinh 1 x cosh 1 x
    dx 1 x 2 dx x2 1
    d 1 d 1
    tanh 1 x coth 1 x
    dx 1- x2 dx 1- x 2
    d -1 d -1
    sech -1 x csch -1 x
    dx x 1- x2 dx x 1 x2

    12. Recall that the derivative formulas can be used to obtain integral formulas, like
    1
    1 x 2
    dx sinh 1 x c

    Also, you can prove using integration by substitution that


    tanh x dx ln cosh x c , and that
    coth x dx ln sinh x c

    13. Proof of the derivative of the inverse hyperbolic sine:


    y sinh 1 x
    x sinh y
    d
    dx
    d

    sinh 1 x ln x x 2 1
    dx

    d d 1 d
    sinh y x x x 2 1
    x x 2 1 dx
    dx dx
    dy
    cosh y 1 x
    dx 1
    x 2 1 x x 1
    2
    dy 1 1

    dx cosh y 1 sinh 2 y x x2 1 x x2 1
    dy 1 x2
    x x 1
    2
    x
    dx 1 x2
    x 2
    1
    x 2 x 2 1
    x2
    x2 1
    x2 1
    1


    x 1 x 2
    2

    x2 1
    1

    1 x2

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