IEC 61869-2

Edition 1.0 2012-09

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
This is a free 10 page sample. Access the full version online.

Instrument transformers
Part 2: Additional requirements for current transformers

Transformateurs de mesure
Partie 2: Exigences supplmentaires concernant les transformateurs de courant
IEC 61869-2:2012
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 IEC 61869-2

Edition 1.0 2012-09

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
This is a free 10 page sample. Access the full version online.

Instrument transformers
Part 2: Additional requirements for current transformers

Transformateurs de mesure
Partie 2: Exigences supplmentaires concernant les transformateurs de courant

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION

COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE PRICE CODE
CODE PRIX XB
ICS 17.220.20 ISBN 978-2-83220-293-7

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Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

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 2 61869-2 IEC:2012

CONTENTS

FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................... 5
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 8
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 8
3 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................... 8
3.1 General definitions .................................................................................................. 8
3.3 Definitions related to current ratings ........................................................................ 9
3.4 Definitions related to accuracy .............................................................................. 10
3.7 Index of abbreviations ........................................................................................... 18
5 Ratings ........................................................................................................................... 20
5.3 Rated insulation levels ........................................................................................ 20
5.3.2 Rated primary terminal insulation level ............................................. 20
5.3.5 Insulation requirements for secondary terminals ............................... 20
5.3.201 Inter-turn insulation requirements ..................................................... 20
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5.5 Rated output ....................................................................................................... 20

5.5.201 Rated output values ......................................................................... 20
5.5.202 Rated resistive burden values .......................................................... 20
5.6 Rated accuracy class .......................................................................................... 21
5.6.201 Measuring current transformers ........................................................ 21
5.6.202 Protective current transformers ........................................................ 22
5.6.203 Class assignments for selectable-ratio current transformers ............. 26
5.201 Standard values for rated primary current ........................................................... 26
5.202 Standard values for rated secondary current ....................................................... 27
5.203 Standard values for rated continuous thermal current ......................................... 27
5.204 Short-time current ratings ................................................................................... 27
5.204.1 Rated short-time thermal current (I th ) ............................................... 27
5.204.2 Rated dynamic current (I dyn ) ............................................................ 27
6 Design and construction ................................................................................................. 27
6.4 Requirements for temperature rise of parts and components .............................. 27
6.4.1 General ............................................................................................ 27
6.13 Markings ............................................................................................................. 27
6.13.201 Terminal markings ............................................................................ 27
6.13.202 Rating plate markings ....................................................................... 28
7 Tests .............................................................................................................................. 30
7.1 General .............................................................................................................. 30
7.1.2 Lists of tests ..................................................................................... 30
7.2 Type tests ........................................................................................................... 31
7.2.2 Temperature-rise test ....................................................................... 31
7.2.3 Impulse voltage withstand test on primary terminals ......................... 33
7.2.6 Tests for accuracy ............................................................................ 33
7.2.201 Short-time current tests .................................................................... 35
7.3 Routine tests ...................................................................................................... 36
7.3.1 Power-frequency voltage withstand tests on primary terminals ......... 36
7.3.5 Tests for accuracy ............................................................................ 36
7.3.201 Determination of the secondary winding resistance (R ct ) ................... 38
7.3.202 Determination of the secondary loop time constant (T s ) .................... 38
 61869-2 IEC:2012 3

7.3.203 Test for rated knee point e.m.f. (E k ) and exciting current at E k .......... 39
7.3.204 Inter-turn overvoltage test ................................................................ 39
7.4 Special tests ....................................................................................................... 40
7.4.3 Measurement of capacitance and dielectric dissipation factor ........... 40
7.4.6 Internal arc fault test ........................................................................ 40
7.5 Sample tests ....................................................................................................... 41
7.5.1 Determination of the remanence factor ............................................. 41
7.5.2 Determination of the instrument security factor (FS) of
measuring current transformers ........................................................ 41
Annex 2A (normative) Protective current transformers classes P, PR ................................... 42
Annex 2B (normative) Protective current transformer classes for transient
performance ......................................................................................................................... 47
Annex 2C (normative) Proof of low-leakage reactance type ................................................. 63
Annex 2D (informative) Technique used in temperature rise test of oil-immersed
transformers to determine the thermal constant by an experimental estimation ..................... 64
Annex 2E (informative) Alternative measurement of the ratio error () .................................. 66
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Annex 2F (normative) Determination of the turns ratio error ................................................. 68

Figure 201 Duty cycles ...................................................................................................... 15

Figure 202 Primary time constant T P .................................................................................. 16
Figure 203 Secondary linked flux for different fault inception angles ................................ 17
Figure 2A.1 Vector Diagram ............................................................................................... 42
Figure 2A.2 Error triangle ................................................................................................... 43
Figure 2A.3 Typical current waveforms .............................................................................. 44
Figure 2A.4 Basic circuit for 1:1 current transformer .......................................................... 44
Figure 2A.5 Basic circuit for current transformer with any ratio........................................... 45
Figure 2A.6 Alternative test circuit ..................................................................................... 45
Figure 2B.1 Short-circuit current for two different fault inception angles ............................. 48
Figure 2B.2 max(t) as the curve of the highest flux values, considering all relevant
fault inception angles ......................................................................................................... 48
Figure 2B.3 Relevant time ranges for calculation of transient factor ................................... 49
Figure 2B.4 Determination of K tf in time range 1 at 50 Hz for T s = 1,8 s ........................... 50
Figure 2B.5 Determination of K tf in time range 1 at 60 Hz for T s = 1,5 s ........................... 50
Figure 2B.6 Determination of K tf in time range 1 at 16,7 Hz for T s = 5.5 s ......................... 50
Figure 2B.7 Limiting the magnetic flux by considering core saturation ................................ 52
Figure 2B.8 Basic circuit .................................................................................................... 53
Figure 2B.9 Determination of remanence factor by hysteresis loop .................................... 55
Figure 2B.10 Circuit for d.c. method ................................................................................... 56
Figure 2B.11 Time-amplitude and flux-current diagrams .................................................... 56
Figure 2B.12 Recordings with shifted flux base line ........................................................... 57
Figure 2B.13 Circuit for capacitor discharge method .......................................................... 58
Figure 2B.14 Typical records for capacitor discharge method ............................................ 59
Figure 2B.15 Measurement of error currents ...................................................................... 60
Figure 2D.1 Graphical extrapolation to ultimate temperature rise ....................................... 65
Figure 2E.1 Simplified equivalent circuit of the current transformer .................................... 66
 4 61869-2 IEC:2012

Table 201 Limits of ratio error and phase displacement for measuring current
transformers (classes 0,1 to 1).............................................................................................. 21
Table 202 Limits of ratio error and phase displacement for measuring current
transformers (classes 0,2S and 0,5S) ................................................................................... 22
Table 203 Limits of ratio error for measuring current transformers (classes 3 and 5) .......... 22
Table 204 Characterisation of protective classes ............................................................... 23
Table 205 Error limits for protective current transformers class P and PR .......................... 23
Table 206 Error limits for TPX, TPY and TPZ current transformers..................................... 25
Table 207 Specification Methods for TPX, TPY and TPZ current transformers ................... 26
Table 208 Marking of terminals .......................................................................................... 28
Table 10 List of tests ......................................................................................................... 31
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 61869-2 IEC:2012 5

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS

Part 2: Additional requirements for current transformers

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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Publication(s)). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
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2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as closely as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested IEC National Committees.
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This International Standard IEC 61869-2 Ed.1.0 has been prepared by committee 38:
Instrument transformers.

This first edition of IEC 61869-2 cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 60044-1,
published in 1996, and its Amendment 1 (2000) and Amendment 2 (2002), and the first edition
of IEC 60044-6, published in 1992. Additionally it introduces technical innovations in the
standardization and adaptation of the requirements for current transformers for transient
performance.

The text of this standard is based on the following documents:

FDIS Report on voting

38/435/FDIS 38/437/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
 6 61869-2 IEC:2012

This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

A list of all the parts in the IEC 61869 series, published under the general title Instrument
transformers, can be found on the IEC website.

This Part 2 is to be used in conjunction with, and is based on, IEC 61869-1:2007, General
Requirements however the reader is encouraged to use its most recent edition.

This Part 2 follows the structure of IEC 61869-1:2007 and supplements or modifies its
corresponding clauses.

When a particular clause/subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this Part 2, that

clause/subclause applies as far as is reasonable. When this standard states addition,
modification or replacement, the relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly.

For additional clauses, subclauses, figures, tables, annexes or notes, the following numbering
system is used:

clauses, subclauses, tables, figures and notes that are numbered starting from 201 are
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additional to those in Part 1;

additional annexes are lettered 2A, 2B, etc.

An overview of the planned set of standards at the date of publication of this document is
given below. The updated list of standards issued by IEC TC38 is available at the website:
www.iec.ch.
 61869-2 IEC:2012 7

PRODUCT FAMILY STANDARDS PRODUCT PRODUCTS OLD

STANDARD STANDARD

61869-2 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-1

CURRENT TRANSFORMERS 60044-6

61869-3 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-2

INDUCTIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS

61869-4 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-3

COMBINED TRANSFORMERS

61869-5 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-5

CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS

61869-1:2007 61869-6 61869-7 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-7

ELECTRONIC VOLTAGE
ADDITIONAL TRANSFORMERS
GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS GENERAL
FOR REQUIREMENT 61869-8 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-8
INSTRUMENT FOR ELECTRONIC CURRENT
TRANSFORMERS ELECTRONIC TRANSFORMERS
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INSTRUMENT
TRANSFORMERS 61869-9 DIGITAL INTERFACE FOR INSTRUMENT
AND LOW TRANSFORMERS
POWER STAND
ALONE
SENSORS 61869-10 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LOW-
POWER STAND-ALONE CURRENT
SENSORS

61869-11 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LOW 60044-7

POWER STAND ALONE VOLTAGE
SENSOR

61869-12 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR

COMBINED ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT
TRANSFORMER OR COMBINED STAND
ALONE SENSORS

61869-13 STAND ALONE MERGING UNIT

Since the publication of IEC 60044-6 (Requirements for protective current transformers for
transient performance) in 1992, the area of application of this kind of current transformers has
been extended. As a consequence, the theoretical background for the dimensioning according
to the electrical requirements has become much more complex. In order to keep this standard
as user-friendly as possible, the explanation of the background information will be transferred
to the Technical Report IEC 61869-100 TR, which is now in preparation.

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be

reconfirmed,
withdrawn,
replaced by a revised edition, or
amended.
 8 61869-2 IEC:2012

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS

Part 2: Additional requirements for Current Transformers

1 Scope

This part of IEC 61869 is applicable to newly manufactured inductive current transformers for
use with electrical measuring instruments and/or electrical protective devices having rated
frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz.

2 Normative references

Clause 2 of IEC 61869-1:2007 is applicable with the following additions:

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IEC 61869-1:2007, Instrument Transformers Part 1: General requirements

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in IEC 61869-1:2007 apply with
the following additions:

3.1 General definitions

3.1.201
current transformer
instrument transformer in which the secondary current, under normal conditions of use, is
substantially proportional to the primary current and differs in phase from it by an angle which
is approximately zero for an appropriate direction of the connections

[SOURCE: IEC 60050-321:1986, 321-02-01]

3.1.202
measuring current transformer
current transformer intended to transmit an information signal to measuring instruments and
meters

[SOURCE: IEC 60050-321:1986, 321-02-18]

3.1.203
protective current transformer
a current transformer intended to transmit an information signal to protective and control
devices

[SOURCE: IEC 60050-321: 1986, 321-02-19)

3.1.204
class P protective current transformer
protective current transformer without remanent flux limit, for which the saturation behaviour
in the case of a symmetrical short-circuit is specified

3.1.205
class PR protective current transformer
protective current transformer with remanent flux limit, for which the saturation behaviour in
the case of a symmetrical short-circuit is specified
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IEC 61869-2 Ed. 1.0 Instrument transformers - Part

2: Additional requirements for current
transformers
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