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    1049 Lect

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    Eezhar Jumadi
    This document discusses the relationship between work and health. It notes that work can affect health through accidents and injuries, obvious and hidden diseases, and incurable diseases caused by mental stress. Conversely, health can affect work by decreasing productivity, endangering oneself or others. The document defines occupational health as identifying dangers at the workplace to prevent diseases and injuries and promote a healthy workforce. It outlines various hazardous factors at work including safety issues, physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks. The importance of risk assessment and management to identify hazards, evaluate risks, and implement controls is emphasized.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    1049 Lect

    Uploaded by

    Eezhar Jumadi
    31 views56 pages
    This document discusses the relationship between work and health. It notes that work can affect health through accidents and injuries, obvious and hidden diseases, and incurable diseases caused by mental stress. Conversely, health can affect work by decreasing productivity, endangering oneself or others. The document defines occupational health as identifying dangers at the workplace to prevent diseases and injuries and promote a healthy workforce. It outlines various hazardous factors at work including safety issues, physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks. The importance of risk assessment and management to identify hazards, evaluate risks, and implement controls is emphasized.

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    1049 lect

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    This document discusses the relationship between work and health. It notes that work can affect health through accidents and injuries, obvious and hidden diseases, and incurable diseases caused by mental stress. Conversely, health can affect work by decreasing productivity, endangering oneself or others. The document defines occupational health as identifying dangers at the workplace to prevent diseases and injuries and promote a healthy workforce. It outlines various hazardous factors at work including safety issues, physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks. The importance of risk assessment and management to identify hazards, evaluate risks, and implement controls is emphasized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views56 pages

    1049 Lect

    Uploaded by

    Eezhar Jumadi
    This document discusses the relationship between work and health. It notes that work can affect health through accidents and injuries, obvious and hidden diseases, and incurable diseases caused by mental stress. Conversely, health can affect work by decreasing productivity, endangering oneself or others. The document defines occupational health as identifying dangers at the workplace to prevent diseases and injuries and promote a healthy workforce. It outlines various hazardous factors at work including safety issues, physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks. The importance of risk assessment and management to identify hazards, evaluate risks, and implement controls is emphasized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 56

    Work & Health

    And
    Health & Work
    A/Prof Chia Sin Eng
    Vice Dean (Academic Affairs)
    Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health
    Joint Associate Professor
    Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
    Undergraduate Student
    Exchange Programme

    Community projects local /


    overseas
    Common Understanding
    Can I be the center of attention?
    I get distracted easily because I am always
    concern about students not understanding
    the lecture.
    When I ask you a question, you have the
    right to remain silent or call a friend/foe to
    answer for you.
    We
    teach
    by layering
    Likewise
    You should
    Learn by layering
    WORK

    HEALTH
    YOUR WORK
    CAN AFFECT
    YOUR HEALTH
    YOUR HEALTH
    CAN AFFECT
    YOUR WORK
    YOUR WORK CAN AFFECT
    YOUR HEALTH

    Accidents and injuries


    Obvious diseases
    Hidden diseases
    Incurable diseases
    YOUR WORK CAN AFFECT
    YOUR HEALTH

    Accidents and injuries


    YOUR WORK CAN AFFECT
    YOUR HEALTH

    Accidents and injuries


    Obvious diseases
    YOUR WORK CAN AFFECT
    YOUR HEALTH

    Accidents and injuries


    Obvious diseases
    Hidden diseases
    Mental Stress
    YOUR WORK CAN AFFECT
    YOUR HEALTH

    Accidents and injuries


    Obvious diseases
    Hidden diseases
    Incurable diseases
    YOUR HEALTH CAN AFFECT
    YOUR WORK

    Decrease productivity
    Danger to self
    Danger to others / community
    YOUR HEALTH CAN AFFECT
    YOUR WORK

    Decrease productivity
    YOUR HEALTH CAN AFFECT
    YOUR WORK

    Decrease productivity
    Danger to self
    YOUR HEALTH CAN AFFECT
    YOUR WORK

    Decrease productivity
    Danger to self
    Danger to others / community
    WHAT IS OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH?

    WORK - HEALTH

    identify potential dangers and hazards at the


    workplace
    prevent diseases and injuries
    promote healthy and productivity workforce
    HAZARDOUS FACTORS AT
    THE WORKPLACE
    Safety
    Physical
    Chemical
    Biological
    Ergonomic
    Psychosocial
    HAZARDOUS FACTORS

    SAFETY
    How many violations of Safety
    Standards can you find?
    HAZARDOUS FACTORS

    PHYSICAL
    One quarter of Israeli teens are at risk of developing
    hearing loss due to frequent use of personal music
    players at high volume, according to a recent Tel Aviv
    University study.

    Haaretz News 14 Dec 2011


    Construction worker dies from
    heatstroke
    A construction worker collapsed and died in April
    2009, only two days after he arrived here from China
    to work.

    Mr Tian Wei, of Liaoning in north-eastern China


    where the average temperature is between 6 and
    11C, succumbed to heatstroke after working in the
    sun for five hours in a yard in Kranji Loop.
    HAZARDOUS FACTORS

    CHEMICAL
    HAZARDOUS FACTORS

    BIOLOGICAL
    Rojak poisoning: 146 cases reported

    Source: AsiaOne Thu, Apr 09, 2009


    HAZARDOUS FACTORS

    ERGONOMIC
    Design of products to optimize them for human use
    HAZARDOUS FACTORS

    PSYCHOSOCIAL
    WoRk StRessors

    Retraining Regionalization
    Reorganisation Relocation
    Reengineering Recession
    Retrenchment
    Occupational Health
    Involves disciplines such as:

    Toxicology Psychology Chemistry


    Hygiene Physiology Physics
    Engineering Ergonomics Statistics
    Medicine Epidemiology Nursing
    Safety Anthropometry Etc
    Risk Assessment &
    Management
    What is RISK?

    Risk = f (Likelihood, Severity {Hazard})


    What is RISK of drowning?
    What is RISK of drowning?
    Risk = f ( very likely
    , major )

    Risk = f (Likelihood, Severity)

    Risk =
    What is RISK of drowning?

    Risk = f ( , )

    Risk = f (Likelihood,
    Severity)

    Risk = low
    What is Risk Assessment?
    A tool to
    Identify hazards
    Evaluate risks associated with the hazards
    Determine and prioritize measures / actions
    to control the hazards
    Why perform Risk Assessment?
    Required by Law
    WSH (Risk Management) Regulations 2006
    3. Risk assessment
    (1) In every workplace, the employer, self-employed person and principal shall
    conduct a risk assessment in relation to the safety and health risks posed to any
    person who may be affected by his undertaking in the workplace.
    4. Elimination and control of risk
    (1) In every workplace, the employer, self-employed person and principal shall
    take all reasonably practicable steps to eliminate any foreseeable risk to any
    person who may be affected by his undertaking in the workplace.
    (2) Where it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the risk, the employer,
    self-employed person or principal shall implement
    (a) such reasonably practicable measures to minimise the risk; and
    (b) such safe work procedures to control the risk.
    Why perform Risk Assessment?
    Required by Law
    Good for Business
    Reduce staff absenteeism
    Save money
    Enhance reputation
    Good for Employees
    Safer and healthier workplace for all
    Improve staff morale and motivation
    How to do a Risk Assessment?

    Identify Hazards
    Evaluate Risk
    Implement Controls
    Hazard Identification
    The most important step in any Risk Assessment
    hazards can only be controlled if they are identified

    Each task is analyzed for potential hazards

    Chemical Biological
    Physical Safety

    Ergonomic Psychosocial

    2 main approaches:
    Process / activity based
    Trade / occupation based
    Hazard Identification
    Process based

    Chemical Biological
    Physical Safety
    Hazard Identification

    Chemical Biological
    Trade based
    Physical Safety
    Occupation
    Hazard Identification
    2 main approaches:
    Process / activity based
    Trade / occupation based
    Chemical Biological
    Physical Safety

    2 target populations:
    people in the environment
    people going into the
    environment
    Risk Evaluation

    Assess Severity (Hazard):


    Injury and ill health
    Other descriptors
    Biological
    Safety

    Assess Likelihood:
    Usually underestimated
    Consider existing controls
    Risk Evaluation
    NUS Risk Matrix

    Likelihood

    Remote (1) Occasional (2) Frequent (3)

    Severity

    Minor (1) 1 2 3

    Moderate (2) 2 4 6

    Major (3) 3 6 9
    Risk Evaluation
    NUS Action for Risk Levels

    Risk Risk Acceptability


    Recommended Actions
    Score Level of Risk

    Low No additional risk control measures required. To continue to monitor to


    <3 Acceptable ensure risk do not escalate to higher level.
    Risk

    Acceptable to carry out the work activity; however, task need to be


    reviewed to bring risk level to As Low As Reasonably Practicable.
    Medium Moderately
    34 Interim control measures such as administrative controls can be
    Risk Acceptable
    implemented. Supervisory oversight required.

    Job must not be carried out until risk level is brought to at least medium
    risk level.
    Risk controls should not be overly dependant on personal protective
    High Not equipment. Controls measures should focus on Elimination, substitution
    >4
    Risk Acceptable and engineering controls.
    Immediate Management intervention required to ensure risk being brought
    down to at least medium level before work can be commenced.
    Risk Control
    Hierarchy of Controls

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