International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)

ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-12, December 2014

Intelligent Traffic Rule Controller

Nikhil Sonje, Deep Patel, Nirav Raval, Sahil Sejpal, Prof.Sunil Patil

A detailed block diagram of the system is shown in Fig.1.

Abstract This thesis, aim to design to avoid jumping of traffic
signals in day to day life. This module uses an RFID technology and A) RFID TAG:
IR sensor. This module is divided into 2 parts that is transmitter
section and receiver section. Transmitter section consists of IR
Transmitter which is kept on road while Receiver section consist of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is one member in the
microcontroller, RFID and IR receiver which is mounted below the family of Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC)
car. Whenever a receiver crosses the transmitter section during red technologies and is a fast and reliable means of identifying
signal then balance is deducted from the RFID TAG. Whenever objects.
balance is not sufficient in RFID TAG then, that RFID TAG would
be blocked and same cannot be used for driving.
There are two main components:
1. The Interrogator (RFID Reader), which transmits and
Index Terms RFIDTAG, RFIDREADER , receives the signal and the Transponder (tag) that is attached
MICROCONTROLLER, IR TRANSMITTER, IR RECEIVER to the object.
2. An RFID tag is composed of a miniscule microchip and
I. INTRODUCTION antenna. RFID tags can be passive or active and come in a
wide variety of sizes, shapes, and forms.[8]
In todays world, increasing traffic is a major concern. The
Types of RFID tags:
traffic police are inefficient to handle the traffic conditions.
Passive tags: These transponders are only activated when
Today many people break the law by breaking the traffic
within the response range of an RFID Reader.
rules. The traffic rules are broken often at the signals. People
Active tags: These incorporate their own power source. The
start moving ahead even though the signal is red and many
tag is a transmitter rather than a reflector of radio frequency
culprits get away since there is no police at the signal further
signals which enables a broader range of functionality like
such driving practice is an invitation for serious accidents.
programmable and read/write capabilities.
Same are the problems faced by different schools. Accidents
Functioning:
are major concern for the school authorities as children are
Communication between the RFID Reader and tags occurs
not always cross the roads properly. To solve all the above
wirelessly. The RFID Reader emits a low-power radio wave
problems we have come up with an innovative soln. of
field which is used to power up the tag so as to pass on any
intelligent traffic rule controller. Now a days problem of
information that is contained on the chip. The frequencies
traffic is much critical especially in the areas of schools as
used cover a wide spectrum.
well as the places where crowd is more. In such cases, there is
always requirement of collision free traffic with the control of
1. Very long wave 9 - 135 kHz
speed. Because of advancement in technology, for every
2. Short wave 13.56 MHz
vehicle we have good driving speed & easily availability of
3. UHF 400-1200 MHz
vehicles adds the traffic as a result driving of a vehicle is quite
4. Microwave 2.45 and 5.8 GHz [8]
difficult on the roads.
The allocation of frequencies is regulated by government
II. PROPOSED MODEL agencies .High-frequency systems offer long reading ranges
and high reading speeds but at higher costs. Environmental
conditions, particularly at the higher frequencies, can also
influence the range of communication. [3]

Fig. 1 Basic Block Diagram

Manuscript received December 05, 2014.

Nikhil Sonje, Deep Patel, Nirav Raval, Sahil Sejpal, Under the
guidance of: Prof.Sunil Patil, Department of Electronics and
Telecommunication K.J.Somaiya institute of Engineering & Info. Fig2. Internal structure of RFID TAG
Technology Mumbai 400022, India

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 Intelligent Traffic Rule Controller

B) RFID READER: The IR transmitter is continuously emitting the IR rays

towards the IR receiver. When the vehicle is going to come
An RFID reader is a device that is used to interrogate an RFID across the gate the rays are deflected from the vehicle & IR
tag. The reader has an antenna that emits radio waves; the tag receiver doesnt get any signal. The IR Receiver will give the
responds by sending back its data. A number of factors can replying signal to the controller and further a fixed amount
affect the distance at which a tag can be read (the read range). will be deducted from RFID TAG.
The frequency used for identification, the antenna gain, the Here for IR transmitter we are using IR LEDs. The IR
orientation and polarization of the reader antenna and the transmitter we may design in our home by just connecting
transponder antenna, as well as the placement of the tag on the desired value of resistance in positive arm & another is
object to be identified will all have an impact on the RFID grounded. The IR receiver has three pins i.e. 5V supply,
systems read range. The antenna in an RFID tag is a GND. Line, signal line.
conductive element that permits the tag to exchange data with
the reader. Passive RFID tags make use of a coiled antenna
that can create a magnetic field using the energy provided by
the reader's carrier signal.[8] E) SIGNAL CONDITIONING UNIT (SCU):

The signal conditioning unit is the device which converts the

analog signal coming from analog sensor and digital signal
coming from digital sensor will be converted to 0-5v which is
suitable for controller.

F) LIQUID CRUSTAL DISPLAY (LCD):

From the controller the updated balance information will be

displayed on liquid crystal display (LCD).

III. ALGORITHM
Fig3. RFID READER

C) Microcontroller (89C51):

AT89C51 is an 8-bit microcontroller and belongs to Atmel's

8051 family. ATMEL 89C51 has 4KB of Flash
programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM) and
128 bytes of RAM. It can be erased and program to a
maximum of 1000 times. In 40 pin AT89C51, there are four
ports designated as P1, P2, P3 and P0. All these ports are 8-bit
bi-directional ports, i.e., they can be used as both input and
output ports. Except P0 which needs external pull-ups, rest of
the ports have internal pull-ups. When 1s are written to these
port pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can
be used as inputs. These ports are also bit addressable and so
their bits can also be accessed individually. Port P0 and P2 are
also used to provide low byte and high byte addresses,
respectively, when connected to an external memory. Port 3
has multiplexed pins for special functions like serial
communication, hardware interrupts, timer inputs and
read/write operation from external memory. AT89C51 has an
inbuilt UART for serial communication. It can be
programmed to operate at different baud rates. Including two
timers & hardware interrupts, it has a total of six interrupts.
[7]

D) IR TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER: Flowchart description:-

The above flowchart describes how project is going to work.
Step1. As soon as person turns the key in car it will boost the
The IR Transmitter Receiver gate we are using in our project micro-controller.
to detect the exact location & position of the vehicle on the Step2. Micro-controller will check for the presence of RFID
traffic signal. on the reader. If RFID is present it will send a signal to

58 www.erpublication.org
 International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)
ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-12, December 2014
micro-controller to move ahead on flowchart. If RFID is not Hall PTR. August 31, 2005, ISBN: 0-13-185137-3.
[6] M. Ayoub Khan, S. Manoj and R. B. Prahbu A Survey of RFID Tags,
placed on reader, ignition of the engine will be blocked.
International Journal of Recents Trends in Engineering, volume 1, no 4,
Step3. As the presence of RFID is sensed it will check the May 2009.
available balance in the RFID tag. Here, 2 possibilities can be [7] The 8051 Microcontroller & Embedded Systems by Mohammed Ali
seen: Mazadi and Janice Gillispie Mazadi.
a) When balance is less than zero:- [8] IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)e- ISSN: 2278
0661p- ISSN: 2278-8727Volume 9, Issue 2 (Jan. - Feb. 2013), PP 61-66
If the balance is less than zero, Micro-controller will block the
ignition of the engine.
b) When balance is greater than or equal to zero:-
If the balance is greater than or equal to zero,
Micro-controller will ignite the engine.
Step4. After the ignition of the engine IR receiver is set ON.
So as soon as IR receiver senses the signal from IR
transmitter, an equivalent voltage is sent to the
Micro-Controller using SCU. Nikhil Sonje:
step5. SCU triggers the algorithm installed in the Department : Electronics & Telecommunication
College Name : K.J.Somaiya Institute of Engineering & I.T.
Micro-controller to deduct balance from the RFID and
City Name : Kalyan
balance is deducted. Country Name : India
Step6. After deducting the balance, message is displayed on Mobile No : +918879092374
the screen with flashing the available balance. Research work : Research on RFID
Step7. Further Micro-controller check for balance amount. If
the balance is less than zero message of low balance is
displayed.
Step8. Again receiver is set ON.

IV. CONCLUSION
Deep Patel:
Department : Electronics & Telecommunication
This system presents a simple but more efficient, fully College Name : K.J.Somaiya Institute of Engineering & I.T.
automatic, human free, quick responsive system could be City Name : Mumbai
achieved with low accident rates and practically null Country Name : India
Mobile No : +919930832246
corruption. Research work : Worked on Programming

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We would firstly like to acknowledge our project guide Mr.

SUNIL PATIL. We are grateful to him for his guidance and
kind advice. He helped us by giving various ideas and taught Nirav Raval:
many basics about RFID and IR sensors. Without his help it Department : Electronics & Telecommunication
College Name : K.J.Somaiya Institute of Engineering & I.T.
would have not been possible for us to do this project.
City Name : Mumbai
We would also like to express our gratitude to Mrs. Country Name : India
NAMRATA GHARAT Head of the Department, Electronics Mobile No : +919769349725
and Telecommunication Engineering for encouraging and Research work : Worked on Transmitter and Receiver
inspiring us to carry out the project in the department lab.
Finally, we would like to thank our respective families for
their constant encouragement and support.

REFERENCES

Sahil Sejpal:
[1] Rahman Rohisyam (2007-07-23). "Case Study: Malaysian Smart Shelf". Department : Electronics & Telecommunication
http://www.rfidasia.info/2007/07/case-study, Malaysian smart College Name : K.J.Somaiya Institute of Engineering & I.T.
shelf-html Retrieved 2007-08-03. City Name : Mumbai
[2] B. Ulmer. 'VITA -An Autonomous Road Vehicle (ARV) for Collision Country Name : India
Avoidance in Traffic'. In "Proc. of Int. Symp on Intelligent Vehicles", Mobile No : +917303457303
Detroit June 92. Research work : Implementation of circuit
[3] http://atlasrfid.com/auto-id-education/advances-in-rfid.
[4] M.S Ismail, M.Y Khair Ul-Anwar, A.Z. Zaida, Electronic Toll
Collection (ETC) Systems Development in Malaysia, PIARC
International Seminar on Intelligent Transport System (ITS) in Road
Network Operations, August 2006.
[5] Sandip Lahiri, RFID Sourcebook Publisher: Prentice

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