Metal Framed Skylights
Metal Framed Skylights
Metal Framed Skylights
PART 1 - GENERAL
A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary
Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.
1.2 SUMMARY
B. Related Sections:
1. Section 084433 "Sloped Glazing Assemblies" for glazed curtain walls in which the
glazed panels are primarily on a sloped plane.
2. Section 084513 "Structured-Polycarbonate-Panel Assemblies" for translucent structured-
polycarbonate-panel assemblies used as skylights.
3. Section 084523 "Fiberglass-Sandwich-Panel Assemblies" for translucent fiberglass-
sandwich-panel assemblies used as skylights.
4. Section 086100 "Roof Windows" for operable and non-operable roof windows framed of
wood, aluminum, or vinyl.
5. Section 086200 "Unit Skylights" for skylights without framing except at the perimeter of
the glazing.
A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated. Include construction details, material
descriptions, dimensions of individual components and profiles, and finishes for metal-framed
skylights.
B. LEED Submittals:
1. Product Data for Credit IEQ 4.1: For sealants used inside the weatherproofing system,
documentation including printed statement of VOC content.
2. Laboratory Test Reports for Credit IEQ 4: For sealants used inside the weatherproofing
system, documentation indicating that they comply with the testing and product
requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice for the
Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale
Environmental Chambers."
C. Shop Drawings: For metal-framed skylights. Include plans, elevations, sections, details, and
attachments to other work.
1. Include details of provisions for assembly expansion and contraction and for draining
moisture within the assembly to the exterior.
2. Include full-size isometric details of each vertical-to-horizontal intersection of assembly,
showing the following:
D. Samples for Initial Selection: For units with factory-applied color finishes.
E. Samples for Verification: For each type of exposed finish required, in manufacturer's standard
sizes.
F. Fabrication Sample: Of each framing intersection of assemblies, made from 12-inch (305-mm)
lengths of full-size components and showing details of the following:
B. Welding certificates.
D. Compatibility and Adhesion Test Reports: For structural-sealant-glazed skylights, test reports
from sealant manufacturer indicating that joint sealants have been tested for each material that
will come in contact with sealants.
B. Testing Agency Qualifications: Qualified according to ASTM E 699 for testing indicated.
1. Do not modify intended aesthetic effects, as judged solely by Architect, except with
Architect's approval. If modifications are proposed, submit comprehensive explanatory
data to Architect for review.
G. Mockups: Build mockups to verify selections made under sample submittals and to demonstrate
aesthetic effects and set quality standards for fabrication and installation.
1.6 WARRANTY
2. Warranty Period: [Two] [Five] [10] <Insert number> years from date of Substantial
Completion.
B. Special Finish Warranty: Manufacturer's standard form in which manufacturer agrees to repair
or replace components on which finishes fail within specified warranty period. Warranty does
not include normal weathering.
1. Failures include, but are not limited to, checking, crazing, peeling, chalking, and fading
of finishes.
2. Warranty Period: [Five] [10] [20] <Insert number> years from date of Substantial
Completion.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 MANUFACTURERS
A. General: Metal-framed skylights shall withstand the effects of the following without failure due
to defective manufacture, fabrication, installation, or other defects in construction:
1. Structural loads.
2. Thermal movements.
3. Movements of supporting structure.
4. Dimensional tolerances of support system and other adjacent construction.
5. Failure includes, but is not limited to, the following:
C. Structural Loads:
a. Basic Wind Speed: [85 mph (38 m/s)] [90 mph (40 m/s)] [100 mph (44 m/s)]
[110 mph (49 m/s)] <Insert value>.
E. Lateral Bracing of Framing Members: Compression flanges of flexural members are laterally
braced by cross members with minimum depth equal to 50 percent of flexural member that is
braced. Glazing does not provide lateral support.
1. When tested at positive and negative wind-load design pressures, assemblies do not
evidence deflection exceeding specified limits.
2. When tested at [150] <Insert number> percent of positive and negative wind-load
design pressures, assemblies, including anchorage, do not evidence material failures,
structural distress, and permanent deformation of main framing members exceeding [0.2]
<Insert number> percent of span.
3. Test Durations: As required by design wind velocity, but not less than [10] <Insert
number> seconds.
1. Large-Missile Test: For glazed openings located within 30 feet (9.1 m) of grade.
2. Small-Missile Test: For glazed openings located more than 30 feet (9.1 m) above grade.
H. Air Infiltration: Provide metal-framed skylights with maximum air leakage through fixed
glazing and framing areas of [0.06 cfm/sq. ft. (0.03 L/s per sq. m)] <Insert value> of fixed
wall area when tested according to ASTM E 283 at a minimum static-air-pressure difference of
[1.57 lbf/sq. ft. (75 Pa)] [6.24 lbf/sq. ft. (300 Pa)] <Insert value>.
I. Water Penetration under Static Pressure: Provide metal-framed skylights that do not evidence
water penetration through fixed glazing and framing areas when tested according to
ASTM E 331 at a minimum static-air-pressure difference of 20 percent of positive wind-load
design pressure, but not less than [6.24 lbf/sq. ft. (300 Pa)] <Insert value>.
J. Water Penetration under Dynamic Pressure: Provide metal-framed skylights that do not
evidence water leakage through fixed glazing and framing areas when tested according to
AAMA 501.1 under dynamic pressure equal to 20 percent of positive wind-load design
pressure, but not less than [6.24 lbf/sq. ft. (300 Pa)] <Insert value>.
K. Thermal Movements: Provide metal-framed skylights that allow for thermal movements
resulting from the following maximum change (range) in ambient and surface temperatures.
Base engineering calculations on surface temperatures of materials due to both solar heat gain
and nighttime-sky heat loss.
1. Temperature Change (Range): [120 deg F (67 deg C), ambient; 180 deg F (100 deg C)]
<Insert temperature range>, material surfaces.
L. Condensation Resistance: Provide metal-framed skylights with fixed glazing and framing areas
having condensation-resistance factor (CRF) of not less than [45] [53] <Insert number> when
tested according to AAMA 1503.
M. Structural Sealant: Capable of withstanding tensile and shear stresses imposed without failing
adhesively or cohesively. When tested for preconstruction adhesion and compatibility, cohesive
failure of sealant shall occur before adhesive failure.
1. Thermal Transmittance (U-Factor): Fixed glazing and framing areas shall have U-factor
of not more than [0.80 Btu/sq. ft. x h x deg F (4.54 W/sq. m x K)] [0.65 Btu/sq. ft. x h x
deg F (3.69 W/sq. m x K)] <Insert value> as determined according to NFRC 100.
2. Solar Heat Gain Coefficient: Fixed glazing and framing areas shall have a solar heat gain
coefficient of no greater than [0.6] [0.7] <Insert value> as determined according to
NFRC 200.
A. Aluminum: Alloy and temper recommended in writing by manufacturer for type of use and
finish indicated.
B. Pressure Caps: Manufacturer's standard aluminum components that mechanically retain glazing.
E. Concrete and Masonry Inserts: Hot-dip galvanized cast-iron, malleable-iron, or steel inserts
complying with ASTM A 123/A 123M or ASTM A 153/A 153M requirements.
F. Anchor Bolts: ASTM A 307, Grade A (ASTM F 568M, Property Class 4.6), galvanized steel.
H. Exposed Flashing and Closures: Manufacturer's standard aluminum components not less than
[0.030 inch (0.762 mm)] [0.040 inch (1.016 mm)] [0.060 inch (1.524 mm)] <Insert
dimension> thick.
1. Sealants used inside the weatherproofing system shall have a VOC content of [250]
<Insert value> g/L or less when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA
Method 24).
2. Sealants used inside the weatherproofing system shall comply with the testing and
product requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice
for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale
Environmental Chambers."
2.4 GLAZING
B. Spacers, Setting Blocks, and Gaskets: [Manufacturer's standard elastomeric types.] [As
specified in Section 088000 "Glazing."] [As specified in Section 088400 "Plastic Glazing."]
1. Sealants used inside the weatherproofing system shall have a VOC content as indicated
when calculated according to 40 CFR 59, Subpart D (EPA Method 24).
2. Sealants used inside the weatherproofing system shall comply with the testing and
product requirements of the California Department of Health Services' "Standard Practice
for the Testing of Volatile Organic Emissions from Various Sources Using Small-Scale
Environmental Chambers."
3. Structural Sealant: ASTM C 1184, neutral-curing silicone formulation compatible with
system components with which it comes in contact, specifically formulated and tested for
use as structural sealant, and approved by structural-sealant manufacturer for use in
metal-framed skylights indicated.
4. Weatherseal Sealant: ASTM C 920 for Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Uses NT, G, A, and
O; neutral-curing silicone formulation compatible with structural sealant and other
components with which it comes in contact; and recommended in writing by structural-
and weatherseal-sealant and metal-framed skylight manufacturers for this use.
2.5 FABRICATION
A. Where practical, fit and assemble metal-framed skylights in manufacturer's plant. To ensure
proper assembly at Project site, clearly identify work that cannot be permanently factory
assembled before shipment.
C. Fabricate aluminum components that, when assembled, have the following characteristics:
D. Fabricate aluminum sill closures with weep holes and for installation as continuous component.
H. After fabrication, clearly mark components to identify their locations in Project according to
Shop Drawings.
A. Clear Anodic Finish: AAMA 611, [AA-M12C22A41, Class I, 0.018 mm] [AA-M12C22A31,
Class II, 0.010 mm] or thicker.
B. Color Anodic Finish: AAMA 611, [AA-M12C22A42/A44, Class I, 0.018 mm] [AA-
M12C22A32/A34, Class II, 0.010 mm] or thicker.
1. Color: [Light bronze] [Medium bronze] [Dark bronze] [Champagne] [Black] <Insert
color>.
2. Color: [Match Architect's sample] [As selected by Architect from full range of
industry colors and color densities].
C. Baked-Enamel or Powder-Coat Finish: AAMA 2603 except with a minimum dry film thickness
of 1.5 mils (0.04 mm). Comply with coating manufacturer's written instructions for cleaning,
conversion coating, and applying and baking finish.
coat and clear topcoat. Prepare, pretreat, and apply coating to exposed metal surfaces to comply
with coating and resin manufacturers' written instructions.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine areas and conditions, with Installer present, for compliance with requirements for
installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance of the Work.
B. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
3.2 INSTALLATION
A. General:
B. Metal Protection: Where aluminum will contact dissimilar materials, protect against galvanic
action by painting contact surfaces with protective coating or by installing nonconductive
spacers as recommended in writing by manufacturer for this purpose.
C. Install continuous aluminum sill closure with weatherproof expansion joints and locked and
sealed or welded corners. Locate weep holes at rafters.
D. Install components to drain water passing joints, condensation occurring within framing
members, and moisture migrating within skylight to exterior.
E. Install components plumb and true in alignment with established lines and elevations.
1. Structural-Sealant Glazing:
G. Erection Tolerances: Install metal-framed skylights to comply with the following maximum
tolerances:
1. Alignment: Limit offset from true alignment to 1/32 inch (0.8 mm) where surfaces abut
in line, edge to edge, at corners, or where a reveal or protruding element separates aligned
surfaces by less than 3 inches (76 mm); otherwise, limit offset to 1/8 inch (3.2 mm).
2. Location and Plane: Limit variation from true location and plane to 1/8 inch in 12 feet
(3.2 mm in 3.7 m) but no greater than 1/2 inch (13 mm) over total length.
A. Testing Agency: [Owner will engage] [Engage] a qualified testing agency to perform tests and
inspections.
1. Water-Spray Test: Before installation of interior finishes has begun, skylights shall be
tested according to AAMA 501.2 and shall not evidence water penetration.
2. Water Penetration under Static Pressure: Before installation of interior finishes has
begun, areas shall be tested according to ASTM E 1105.
B. Repair or remove work where test results and inspections indicate that it does not comply with
specified requirements.