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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
663 viewsAssignment Problem in Excel - EASY Excel Tutorial
Excel Tutorial
Uploaded by
TrinhTruongCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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Formulate the Model
Formulate the Model | Trial and Error | Solve the Model
Use the solver in Excel to find the assignment of persons to tasks that minimizes the total
cost.
The model we are going to solve looks as follows in Excel.
A 8 c D Ele 6 a] ia
1 Assignment Problem
2
3 Cost Task 1 Task 2, Task 3
4 Person 1
5 Person 2
6 Person 3
7
8
9 Assignment Task 1 Task 2. Task 3 Tasks Assigned Supph
10 Person 1 0 = 1
ab Person 2 0 1
12 Person 3 0 = 1
B
14| Persons Assigned 0 D 0
acy = = Total Cost
16 Demand 1 4 1
v7
1, To formulate this assignment problem, answer the following three questions,
a. What are the decisions to be made? For this problem, we need Excel to find out which
person to assign to which task (Yes=1, No=0). For example, if we assign Person 1 to Task
1, cell C10 equals 1. If not, cell C10 equals 0.
b. What are the constraints on these decisions? Each person can only do one task
(Supply=1). Each task only needs one person (Demand=1).
c. What is the overall measure of performance for these decisions? The overall measure of
performance is the total cost of the assignment, so the objective is to minimize this
quantity.
2. To make the model easier to understand, name the following ranges.
Range Name Cells
Cost 4:66
Assignment
PersonsAssigned Demand
TasksAssigned G10:G12
Supply 110:112
Totalcost 116
3. Insert the following functions.
Task 1 Task 2 Task 3
Task 1 Task 2 Task3 Tasks Assigned 3u
-=SUM(C10E10) =[1
=SUM(C11:E11) =|1
-=SUM(C12E12) =|1
‘=SUM(C10:012) =SUM(D 10-012) =SUM(E10E12)
Explanation: The SUM functions calculate the number of tasks assigned to a person and
the number of persons assigned to a task, Total Cost equals the sumproduct of Cost and
Assignment.
Trial and Error
With this formulation, it becomes easy to analyze any trial solution.
For example, if we assign Person 1 to Task 1, Person 2 to task 2 and Person 3 to Task 3,
Tasks Assigned equals Supply and Persons Assigned equals Demand, This solution has a
total cost of 147.
[a 8 c D Ele 6 a] ia
1 Assignment Problem
2
3 Cost Task 1 Task 2 Task 3
4 Person 1
5 Person 2
6 Person 3
7
z
8
Assignment Task 1 Task 2. Task 3 Tasks Assigned
vo bso! [ioe uw Person 2 1 ={ 4
2 Person 3 1 1
a
14] Persons Assigned 1 1 1
3 = Total Cost
16 Demand 1 1 1
v7
It is not necessary to use trial and error. We shall describe next how the Excel Solver can
be used to quickly find the optimal solution.
Solve the Model
To find the optimal solution, execute the following steps.
1. On the Data tab, in the Analyze group, click Solver.
ora
