Maintenance of Gate
Maintenance of Gate
Maintenance of Gate
OF
&
&
GANTRY CRANES
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GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF
GATES & HOISTS.
(I) Inspection of gate shall include all the components of the gate including
its leaf assembly, vertical/Horizontal stiffeners, Horizontal girders,
inclined arms, Yoke/Trunnion girders, trunnion assemblies, side guides,
sill beams, wall plates etc.
(II) A cursory inspection of the gate along with the hoist shall be carried out
daily to ensure that there is no unusual happening.
( B) Monthly Inspection:
(1) Seals shall be inspected for leakages. Locations of excessive leakages shall be
recorded for taking remedial measures. Weeping or slight flow in localized area
will not require immediate remedial measures.
(2) The excessive or widespread leakages, if any shall be repaired to engineer-in-charge
and remedial measures like tightening of bolts are carried out. Further adjustment
is carried out during annual maintenance.
(3) If leakage is so mush excessive that immediate repair is considered necessary, the
stop log gates shall be dropped and seals are repaired or replaced.
NOTE: - During monsoon period, stop log gates shall NEVER be lowered in spite of
heavy leakage through seals.
(4) Remove all dirt, grit etc. from trunnion assembly and lubricate trunnion bearings of
the gate with suitable water resisting grease as recommended by bearing
manufacturers.
(C ) Quarterly Maintenance
(i) All the nuts and bolts of Trunnion block assembly and its anchorages shall be
checked for tightness.
(ii) Check all the welds for soundness and rectify defects.
(iii) Check whether the Yoke girder and thrust block is covered on nor. If not, cover
it with mild steel plates.
(iv) Cover the trunnion pin with anti corrosive jelly.
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(2) Inspection of Gate Structures:
(i) Check all the welding for soundness and rectify defects.
(ii) Check welding between arms and horizontal girders as well as between latching
bracket and skin plate with the help of magnifying flass for cracks/defects and
rectify the defects.
(iii) Clean all drain holes including those in end arms and horizontal girders.
(iv) Check all the nuts and bolts and tighten them.
(v) Check upstream face of skin plate for pitting, scalling and corrosion. Scaling be
filled with weld and grinded. Corroded surface shall be cleaned and painted. In
case of gates which cannot be raised every quarter, these can be carried out in
annual maintenance.
(3) Annual Inspection and Maintenance:
The annual Inspection shall be combined with one of the quarterly inspections and in
addition to those required in quarterly inspection, the following shall also be carried out:
(i) All the sill beams and wall plates shall be inspected for crack, pitting etc. and
defects shall be rectified.
(ii) The guide roller pins shall be lubricated.
(iii) Check the condition of wire rope and if poor replace.
(iv) Adjust the rope tension of wire rope if unequal.
(v) Check the condition of rubber seal, adjust at locations of leakages. If damaged,
replace the seals.
(vi) Grease the wire rope.
(vii) Check the condition of rubber seals. All bolts and nuts holding rubber seals shall
be tightened. If rubber seal is damaged, replace the seal.
MAINTENANCE:
As per IS: 10096 (part3)
a) Defective welding should be chipped out and it should be rewelded duly following
the relevant codal provisions.
Damaged nuts, bolts, revets, screws etc. should be replaced.
Any pitting should be filled up by welding and finished by grinding if necessary.
b) The gate leaf, exposed embedded metal parts, hoists and hoist supporting structure
etc., should be thoroughly cleaned and repainted when required keeping in view the
original painting system adopted and as per the guidelines contained in IS: 14177.
c) Trunnion bearing should be greased wherever required. Keeping trunnion bearings
in perfect working condition is very important. All other bolted connections should
also be checked up for proper tightness.
d) Bolts and trunnion bearing housing should be tightened wherever required.
e) The seals of the gate should be checked for wear and tear and deterioration. These
should be adjusted/replaced as and when necessary.
f) The wall plates, sill beams shall be checked and repaired if necessary.
g) Wire ropes should be properly lubricated.
h) Oil level in the worm reduction unit should be maintained by suitable replenishment.
Oil seals should also be replaced if required. Lubrication of other parts of hoists
such as chains, position indicators and limit switches should also be done.
i) The stroke of the brake should be reset to compensate for lining wear. Worn out
brake linings should be replaced in time.
j) Flexible couplings should be adjusted if required.
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k) Repairs and replacements of all electrical relays and controls should be attended to.
l) Maintenance of alternative sources of Power such as Diesel Generating sets and
alternative drives wherever provided should be carried out.
m) The list of essential spare parts to be kept available should be reviewed and updated
periodically. The condition of spares should be checked periodically and protective
coating given for use.
INSPECTIONS
GENERAL:
These gates are provided for controlling water discharges for flood control, water
supply, irrigation and power generation etc. The gates shall be thoroughly inspected for
cracks, defects or damages periodically. A schedule of maintenance is proposed in the
following sub sections which may be adopted with modifications, if required, due to site
conditions and use of gate.
1) QUARTERLY INSPECTION
A) All welds shall be checked for cracks/ damages and defects rectified.
B) All drain holes shall be cleaned.
a) If pitting is observed on surface, it shall be repaired and grounded.
b) The rusted parts, if observed, shall be thoroughly cleaned and repainted as per
approved painting schedule.
c) The Wheels shall be rotated to check their free movement.
d) The wheel bearings and guide rollers shall be lubricated.
e) The seal shall be checked for damages, if needed, shall be replaced.]
f) All nuts and bolts shall be tightened.
g) The guide-assemblies, wheel-assemblies and sealing-assemblies shall be cleared off
grit, sand or any other foreign material.
h) The wheel pin shall be coated with corrosion resistant compound.
2) ANNUAL MAINTENANCE
2. SPECIAL MAINTENANCE:
(I) The repainting of the gates shall be carried at intervals to be decided on
the basis of painting schedule of the gates.
(II) The inspection, testing and maintenance of the hoist shall also be carried
out periodically as suggested by the hoist manufacturer. The salient
procedure has been described in a separate section.
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MAINTENANCE [ as per IS: 7718]
a) Any weld that might have become defective should be chipped out and remade
following the relevant codal provisions.
Damaged nuts, bolts, revet screws etc should be replaced without delay.
b) The gate slot and platform should be cleaned periodically. Scales formed over the
embedded parts should be removed. All bottom corners should be cleaned and
accumulations removed. Anchorages and concrete around anchorages should be
checked for any development of cracks or slackness etc and repairs should be
attended immediately.
c) The gate leaf should be thoroughly cleaned and repainted as and when necessary
according to the procedure or guidelines- indicated in IS: 14177 or as per the
recommendations of the paint manufacturer.
d) Rubber seals should be ground if necessary to keep it in one alignment. All nuts and
bolts fixing the seal to the gate should be tightened uniformly. Seals, if found
damaged or found leaking excessively should be adjusted, repaired or replaced as
considered necessary.
e) Gate roller bearings and guide roller bushes should be properly lubricated.
Whenever necessary these should be opened for rectifications of defects and after
cleaning and lubrication should be refitted. These may be replaced if repairs are not
possible.
f) Hoisting connection of the gate leaf should be lubricated where necessary and
defects if any should be rectified.
g) All nuts, bolts, check nuts and cotter pins of the lifting devices should be checked
periodically.
h) All components should be greased and lubricated. Recommended and approved oils
and grease only should be used.
i) Appropriate remedial measures should be taken so that the salient dimensions
mentioned in clauses 9.2.1.2 and 9.2.2.6 and alignment of components mentioned in
clause 9.2.1 of IS 7718 are set right. Appropriate repairs should also be carried out
where excessive pitting and other surfaces are damaged are noted.
j) Roller assembly should be adjusted by the eccentricity arrangement to ensure all
rollers rest uniformly on the track plates particularly in the closed position of the
gate.
k) Where filling valves are provided as part of the gate structure, all the nuts, bolts,
check nuts etc should be checked periodically. It shall also be ensured that the
filling valves completely shut off the passage of water when the load is removed.
The springs and other components shall be checked periodically and replaced if
necessary.
a) Operation of fixed hoist without lifting the gate is not possible and need not
therefore be attempted. It will be possible to operate the unit and observe operation
of load carrying hoist component when gate is being lifted or lowered.
b) Never open any bolt or nut on motor, gear boxes, rope drums and other load carrying
hoist components when the gate is in raised position. The gate should be fully
closed or rested on the gate latches before carrying out any work on hoist
components including motor and trusts brake and other electrical equipment.
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c) The periodic maintenance of commercial equipment like motors, brakes, thrusts etc.
shall be carried out as per manufacturers operation and maintenance manual.
However, general maintenance schedule of motors and brakes has been described
under Maintenance of Commercial Equipment.
Daily Inspection
1. Entrance to all hoist platforms shall be kept locked. All keys shall remain with the
shift supervisor.
2. A cursory daily inspection shall be made of hoist and gate to ensure that there is no
unusual happening.
Monthly Maintenance:
Electrical Maintenance:
Quarterly maintenance
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4. Raise and lower the gate by hoist motor and check for smooth, and trouble free
operation of gate without excessive vibration.
5. Observe current drawn by motor at the time of lifting and check if it is more than
normal. If so, stop the hoist and investigate the cause and rectify.
6. Check the condition of painting of various components and remove rust wherever
noticed and repaint the portion after proper cleaning as per painting schedule.
Annual Maintenance
The annual maintenance shall be combined with one of the quarterly maintenance and in
addition to those required in quarterly maintenance, the following shall also be carried
out.
1. All trash, sediments and any other foreign material shall be cleared off the lifting
rope and lifting attachment.
2. All ropes shall be checked for wear and tear and if broken wires are noticed, the
rope shall be replaced.
3. All the wire ropes shall be checked and all visible oxidation shall be removed.
4. All wire ropes shall be greased with shell cardium compound or equivalent brand.
5. Check the overload relays for proper functioning.
6. Check all the nuts, bolts, rivets, welds and structural components for hoisting
platform and its supporting structure for wear, tear and damage. All damages shall
be rectified. All bolts shall be tightened. The portion with damaged painting shall
be touched up.
7. Check the pulleys, sheaves and turb-buckles.
8. Raise and lower the gate for its full lift several time ( at least three to four) and
observe the following:
a. Check the limit switches and adjust for design limits.
b. The effectiveness and slip of the breaks shall be checked by stopping the gate
in raising and lowering operations. The brakes shall be adjusted if needed.
c. When the gate is operated, there should not be any noise or chatter in the
gears.
9. Adjust the rope tension of wires if unequal.
10. Check for all gears and pinions for uneven wear and adjust for proper contact.
Grease the gears.
PAINTING
Repaint the hoist components, hoisting platform and its supporting structures after a
time interval depending upon the painting schedule.
Moisture, oil, dirt, grease and carbon and metallic dust are the principal causes of
break down. The motors shall, therefore, be kept dry down. The motors shall,
therefore, be kept dry and clean. The frequency of inspection, serving and
maintenance largely depends upon the nature and periodicity of its usage and its
operating conditions. The following its operating conditions. The following
maintenance schedule may be adopted in general.
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Quarterly Maintenance
1. Blow out windings thoroughly by clean and dry air to clear air passage in the
stator and the rotor of any accumulated dirt. The air pressure shall not be too
high to damage the insulation.
2. Examine earth connections and motor leads.
3. Examine motor windings for overheating
4. Examine control equipments
5. Examine starting equipment for burnt contacts
6. Check and tighten all nuts and bolts
7. Clean and tighten all terminals and screw connections all contact surfaces
shall be made clean and smooth.
Annual maintenance
1. Blow out windings thoroughly by clean and dry air. The pressure shall not
be so high that insulation may get damaged.
2. Check the insulation resistance of the motor between any terminal and the
frame which should not be less than (1000+rated H.P.) megohms. If the
measured resistance is less than this value, then steps shall be taken to dry-
out the motors either by passing a low voltage current through the windings
or by placing the stator and rotor only in a warm dry place for a day or so.
Important The complete motor shall never be put in an oven for drying as
theat may melt the grease out of bearings.
(3) Coat the windings with an approved high temperature resisting insulation
enamel or varnish.
(4) Over haul the motor, if required.
(5) Check the switch fuse units and renew, if required.
(6) Check resistance or earth connections.
(7) Check air gap.
a) Quarterly maintenance
1) All fixing bolts shall be checked and tightened at least once in three months.
2) The magnet stroke should be reset to compensate for war.
3) Read just the brake when the magnet stroke reaches the value given on the
instruction plate.
4) Brake lining should be checked and replaced when required.
5) Examine all electrical leads and connections.
6) Rubber bushes or couplings should be checked and replaced if defective.
7) The pins should be tightened.
8) Brake drum shall be cleaned to remove any dust or grease.
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LUBRICATION AND GREASING:
A chart showing the lubricants normally used frequency of use for spillway
radial gates and vertical lift gates, hoists is appended in Annexure-II
Crane should have interlocking system so that on one single operation namely
hoisting, lowering forward or backward can only be affected at a time through the
push button controller.
Hoisting and lowering motion should be carried out only after the crane is securely
clamped to the rails.
Load on the crane at no time should exceed the safe working load.
Operator should be well conversant for operating the crane for various motions of
the crane and under various loading conditions. The operator should check long
travel, cross travel, hoist motion etc. The operator should never use limit switches as
a normal means of stopping the hoist motion. Limit switches are only emergency
devices.
No load should be left suspending from the crane.
Crane should not have excessive side play while in motion on the gantry rail.
Excessive sparking from any electrical devices, smoke from motors or brake drums
if any should be rectified immediately.
I) Ensure that the gates are operated by fully trained operators and that they are
familiar with the operating instructions.
II) No other person should be allowed to go near the operating mechanism without
operator or his superior officer.
III) Any unusual phenomenon such as excessive vibrations, noises, faults and
damages are recorded and immediately reported to the competent authority.
IV) Ensure limit switch arrangement is properly set.
V) That check list on maintenance of gates is periodically signed by the inspecting
authority.
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VI) Safety guards around moving parts must not be removed except during
maintenance operation and with the equipment under static condition. It should
be isolated electrically.
VII) Safe and proper access to the maintenance working areas must be provided.
VIII) When equipment is stationery, working parts may be under load, so due care
must be taken before dismantling any part and when ever necessary, suitable
supports should be provided.
IX) Before equipment is put back to work, all parts should be checked thoroughly
and see that they are properly assembled.
CONCLUSIONS:
1. CHECK - LIST
REFERENCES:
A) IS: 4622
B) IS: 4623
C) IS : 5620
D) IS : 9349
E) IS: 6938
F) IS: 10096 (PART-I/Sec.1)
G) IS: 10096 (PART -1/Sec.2)
H) IS: 10096 PART 2
I) IS:10096 PART 3
J) IS: 7718
K) IS: 7349
L) IS: 11855
M) IS: 14177
N) IS: 11228
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ANNEXURE I
A. Hoist
B. Stem Rod
C. Embedded Parts
D. Leaf
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E. General
(i) Electric
(ii) Is the motor working properly?
(iii) Are the foundation bolts tight?
(iv) Does it draw excess current?
(v) Is properly earthed?
(vi) Are all phases working?
(vii) Is the generator set working properly?
(B) Brake
1. Is adequately lubricated?
2. Are any foreign particles accidentally left in the train?
3. Is a self locking hoist?
4. Is working smoothly?
5. Do bearing /Bushes get heated?
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1. Are these properly lubricated?
2. Whether these are properly clamped?
3. Is there any breakage of strand; found during inspection?
4. Have you inspected the lifting bracket?
(F) Trunnions
(H) Seals
(J) Welding
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(M) PAINTING
(N) INSPECTION
(O) General
The check list given below shows the points to be checked by the engineer in charge
at least once a year.
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ANNEXURE II
LUBRICATION SCHEDULE
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10 Lifting Arrangement Hand applied M.P Grease Once in six
and buckles months as
per side
conditions
11 Hand operation Hand applied Servolin - Once in
mechanism and other 140 three
relating parts months as
per site
condtions.
ANNEXURE III
4 Trunnion pin, Check for Check seal Check for sill beam, side
Rope drum condition of bolts for gude, roller tracks for
hoists, Gear painting of all damages damages, corrosion,
wheels, Hand components pitting.
operation of
shaft, guide
rollers, Gate
wheels.
5 Check for Check hoist bridge for
operation of foundation bolts for
brakes tightening
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6 Check for loose
electrical
connections
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ANNEXURE - IV
(Clause :9.1, IS:7718)
Typical Quality Assurance Plan for Manufacture, erection and periodical Maintenance
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U.T. tests for UT test -do- Level III, IS
4.6 internal defects 3664
5 RUBBER
Rubber seals Physcial
5.1 properties
I) Hardness Verification of test Random one IS 11885
after vulcanizing certificate for batch
ii) Elongation -do- -do- -do-
iii) Tensile -do- -do- -do-
strength
iv) Water -do- -do- -do-
absorption test
v) Dimension Measurements 100% Approved
Drawing
BOUGHT OUT
6 ITEMS
Bolts, nuts & Hardware items Verification of test Random Approved
6.1 bearings etc. certificate Drawing
Specification -do- -do- -do-
6.2 and make
Dimensional Measurements -do- -do-
6.3 check
Physcial Verification of test -do- As per
properties certificate approved
drawings and
relevant Indian
6.4 Standard
Chemical -do- -do- -do-
6.5 properties
7 WELDING
Fillet welds and Weld procedure Verification of Random IS 3658, IS
butt welds for fillet and butt document 3664
7.1 welds
Qualification of -do- -do- IS 7318 (Part-
7.2 welders 1) & IS 822
Quality of fillet Visual -do- No significant
7.3 welds defects
Quality of fillet Die penetration 100% No Significant
7.4 welds Defects
Ultrasonic 10% Level III
Test/Radiographic IS3664
Test
FABRICATION
OF GATE PARTS
Dimensional Measurements Each Approved
8 inspection Drawing
Skin Plate Assy. -do- -do- -do- Tolerance as
Horizontal girders, per relevant
Wheels, Pins Indian
8.1 Standard
-do- -do- Tolerance as
per relevant
Indian
8.2 Standard
Surface Finish Visual / 100% Approved
(Machined) Comparison with Drawing
8.3 comparator
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EMBEDDED
9 PARTS
LH Measurements Each Approved
9.1 Drawing
RH -do- -do- Tolerance as
per relevant
Indian
Standard
9.2 LH-Top -do- -do- Tolerance as
LH-Bottom per relevant
Indian
Standard
9.3 RH-Top -do- Tolerance as
RH-Bottom per relevant
Indian
-do- Standard
Surface Finish Visual / 100% Approved
(Machined) Comparison with Drawing
9.4 comparator
10 PAINTING
Gates Surface Visual Random Approved
preparation Drawing or
technical
specification
10.1
10.2 Primer Coat -do- -do- -do-
Intermediate -do- -do- -do-
10.3 Coat
10.4 Finish Coat -do- -do- -do-
Thickness of Measurement -do- -do-
10.5 paint with comparator
11 ERECTION
Check for Measurements Each Approved
critical Drawing or
dimensions technical
specification
11.1
11.2 Balancing of gate Verification -do- -do-
Visual with light
11.3 Dry test source -do- -do-
As per Clause
11.4 Leakage test Visual -do- 8
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