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    The Welding Metallurgy of HASTELLOY Alloys C-4, C-22, and C-276

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    Ivan Garzon
    This document discusses the welding metallurgy of HASTELLOY alloys C-4, C-22, and C-276. Varestraint hot-cracking tests revealed that alloy C-4 has the best weldability and is comparable to 304L stainless steel, while alloy C-276 has the worst weldability. Microstructure analysis found intermetallic phases associated with weld cracks in alloys C-22 and C-276. The document also discusses how iron dilution during welding can reduce corrosion resistance by lowering chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten levels and promoting detrimental phases like mu phase. Lower iron filler metals like 686 and alloy 622 experience less iron dilution than

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    The Welding Metallurgy of HASTELLOY Alloys C-4, C-22, and C-276

    Uploaded by

    Ivan Garzon
    152 views2 pages
    This document discusses the welding metallurgy of HASTELLOY alloys C-4, C-22, and C-276. Varestraint hot-cracking tests revealed that alloy C-4 has the best weldability and is comparable to 304L stainless steel, while alloy C-276 has the worst weldability. Microstructure analysis found intermetallic phases associated with weld cracks in alloys C-22 and C-276. The document also discusses how iron dilution during welding can reduce corrosion resistance by lowering chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten levels and promoting detrimental phases like mu phase. Lower iron filler metals like 686 and alloy 622 experience less iron dilution than

    Original Description:

    Welding Metallurgy Issues

    Original Title

    Welding Metallurgy Issues

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    This document discusses the welding metallurgy of HASTELLOY alloys C-4, C-22, and C-276. Varestraint hot-cracking tests revealed that alloy C-4 has the best weldability and is comparable to 304L stainless steel, while alloy C-276 has the worst weldability. Microstructure analysis found intermetallic phases associated with weld cracks in alloys C-22 and C-276. The document also discusses how iron dilution during welding can reduce corrosion resistance by lowering chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten levels and promoting detrimental phases like mu phase. Lower iron filler metals like 686 and alloy 622 experience less iron dilution than

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    152 views2 pages

    The Welding Metallurgy of HASTELLOY Alloys C-4, C-22, and C-276

    Uploaded by

    Ivan Garzon
    This document discusses the welding metallurgy of HASTELLOY alloys C-4, C-22, and C-276. Varestraint hot-cracking tests revealed that alloy C-4 has the best weldability and is comparable to 304L stainless steel, while alloy C-276 has the worst weldability. Microstructure analysis found intermetallic phases associated with weld cracks in alloys C-22 and C-276. The document also discusses how iron dilution during welding can reduce corrosion resistance by lowering chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten levels and promoting detrimental phases like mu phase. Lower iron filler metals like 686 and alloy 622 experience less iron dilution than

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

     http://asmcommunity.asminternational.

    org/static/Static%20Files/IP/Magazine/AMP/V160/I03/
    amp16003p032.pdf?authtoken=293d8dc0d26613d0400cffd61ab2c3e22676d8b0

     The Welding Metallurgy of HASTELLOY Alloys C-4, C-22, and C-276,


    Authors: M. J. Cieslak; T. J. Headley; A. D. Romig Jr.

    Abstract: The welding metallurgy (solidification and solid state transformations) of HASTELLOY Alloys C-4, C-
    22 and C-276 has been determined. Varestraint hot-cracking tests performed on commercial alloys revealed a
    weldability ranking as follows: C-4 > C-22 > C-276. All alloys would be expected to have good weldability, with
    Alloy C-4 having a very low hot-cracking tendency, comparable to 304L stainless steel. Microstructures of gas-
    tungsten-arc welds of these alloys have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy and analytical
    electron microscopy. Intermetallic secondary solidification constituents have been found associated with weld
    metal hot cracks in Alloys C-276 and C-22. In Alloy C-276, this constituent is a combination of P and mu
    phases, and in Alloy C-22, this constituent is composed of sigma, P, and mu phases. With phase composition
    data obtained by AEM techniques and available ternary (Ni-Cr-Mo) phase diagrams, an equivalent chemistry
    model is proposed to account for the microstructures observed in each alloy's weld metal.

     http://www.specialmetals.com/documents/Special%20Alloys%20and%20Overmatched%20Wel
    ding%20Products%20Solve%20FGD%20Corrosion%20Problems.pdf.

    Special Alloys and Overmatching Welding Products Solve FGD Corrosion Problems
    J. R. Crum. L. E. Shoemaker
    Special Metals Corporation
    3200 Riverside Drive
    Huntington, WV 25705-1771

    And

    S. D. Kiser, P.E.
    Special Metals / Welding Products Company
    1401 Burris Road
    Newton, NC 28658
    Iron Dilution of Weld Metals
    During overlay welding on steel and welding of alloy clad steel plate iron dilution of the alloy weld metal is
    of concern. Iron dilution can significantly reduce the corrosion resistance of welds made with low
    iron alloys like alloy C-276 10. In addition to effectively reducing the concentration of chromium,
    molybdenum and tungsten in the weld, iron dilution may promote the formation of detrimental
    second phases such as mu phase. The iron content of multiple pass weld overlays made by various
    nickel alloy filler metals on carbon steel are shown in Figure 6. The total iron content is a function of initial
    filler metal iron content plus the amount of iron diluted from the steel substrate. The iron content of the
    first weld metal layer is of course much higher than subsequent layers, as would be expected. An
    unexpected effect, however, is that the initial iron content of the filler metal appears to influence the
    amount of iron dilution from the steel substrate. The lower iron filler metals like filler metal 686 and alloy
    622 pick up much less iron in the first pass than the higher iron alloys N06022 and alloy C-276. The low
    initial iron content plus minimal iron dilution from the steel substrate results in very low iron content weld
    overlay in the filler metal 686. Note that these welds were made using pure helium shielding gas with the
    pulsed – GMAW process.

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