Juu - Wings of Falling Stars
Juu - Wings of Falling Stars
Juu - Wings of Falling Stars
arar....
avmujuD;rSm
ajuGoGm;wJh yef;awG trsm;juD;/
tJ'DxJrSm yef;jyefyGifhwJhyef;
r&Sd1ml;vdk hxifvm;/
wcsdK hyef;yGifhawGu
wpfppD zJhacGscHvdkuf&ayrJh
yef;jyefyGifhekdifwJh owådawG &Sdw,f/
1
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(1)
]q,f&ufavmuf&SdjyDxifw,f q&m}
arar rajz/
arar ol hudk pdwfqdk;aervm;/
uGsefawmfhq&mwpfa,mufqD oGm;uefawmhcsifvdk hararvdkufcJhyg ymk ac:vmcJhonf/ xdkq&mrSm pdwfa&m*gukq&m0ef
wpfa,muf jzpfonfudkawmh rajymcJh/ ararrsm;&dyfrdaeovm;/ r&dyfrdavmufyg1ml;/ araru ynmwwfrS rymkwf1mJ/
]rtdyfwJhvludk,fwdkifu ajymawmh ydkwduswmaygh/ q&mhudk 1mmrS tm;emp&mr&Sd1ml;} ymk q&mu 0if ajymonf/
]1m,fvdk a&epfrSmvJ}
]tdyfrufxJrSm a&epfrSm}
]ajom}
2
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tdyfrufxJrSmvm;}
]ymkwfw,f}
]'gayr,fh tJ'DjrpfjuD;udk uGsefr tdyfwdkif;rufaewm q&m/ 'gajumifh uGsefr rtdyf&Jawmhwm/ rtdyf&Jawmh uGsefr
1mk&m;xdkifxdkif &Sdcdk;aerdwmaygh}
]tarh"mwfyHk usuGJoGm;w,f}
araru wHk;wdwdajzonf/
]tareJ htwlrae1ml;vm;}
]taru ta0;juD;rSmq&m}
3
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tquftoG,fr&wm jumjyDvm;}
arar acgif;ndwfonf/
]1m,favmuf jumjyDvJ}
q&m ol hudk zswfceJ vSrf;junfhonf/ q&m0efjzpfjyD; oGm;wm av;ig;eSpfru jumjyDjzpfaom rif;OmPf\ toufudk
q&mcef hrSef;rdrSmaygh/ q&mhrsufeSmrSm cHpm;csufwpfckck rawG h&yg/
rdef;uav;wJh/
q&mu arharhudk rdef;uav;ymk juifjuifemem oHk;eSKef;vdkufonf/ rif;OmPf\araronf q&mhorD;t&G,frSsom
&Sdedkifrnfxifonf/ q&mhtoufu ckepfq,fausmfcJhjyD/
4
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
orD;udk/
orD;ymlaompum;vHk;ajumifharar\judkwifumuG,fxm;aom wHwdkif;juD; usdK;aygufoGm;yHk&onf/ arar idkavonf/
]1mmjzpfvdk hvJqdkawmh uGsefr 1m,frSmaerSef; tarrS rod1mJ/ uGsefr tdrfuae xGufajy;vmwm/ uGsefraojyDvdk h
tarxifoGm;rSmyg}
]"gwfyHkuGJoGm;vdk h}
q&m acgif;ndwfonf/
]ymkwfygw,f}
]pdwfyl&if tarhqD oGm;vdk hr&1ml;vm;}
arar cP wdwfqdwfoGm;onf/
]tarhudk oem;vdk h}
]1mmajumifh oem;wmvJ}
5
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]&Gmu a0;vm;}
]ta0;juD;yJaygh}
]1mm&GmvJ}
]1mm&GmrSef;rodvdk h cufaewmaygh}
]&Gmemrnfom od&if armifrif;OmPfudk vTwfjyD; pHkprf;cddkif;jyDaygh q&m&J h/ tckawmh &Gmemrnfudk rrSwfrdawmh uGsefr
idk&Hku vGJvdk h1mmwwfedkifrwJhwkef;}
]eD;w,f}
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]{&m0wDjrpf}
]uGsefrodygw,f}
tckrS wu,fhjyóemudk q&mawG;rdoGm;wm jzpfvdrfhrnf/
q&m cP wdwfqdwfoGm;jyD;rS
]aumif;jyD tck orD;pdwfxJrSm 1mmawG cHpm;ae&vJ 1mmawG jzpfcsifaevJ 1mmudk rjzpfcsif1ml;vJ q&mhudk ajym}
q&mu jyHK;vsuf ar;onf/
]ymif wu,f}
]wu,fayghuG,f}
arar ol h1mufodk hapmif;iJhjunhfonf/ ymkwfedkifyghrvm; ymk om;jzpfolxHrS axmufcHcsuf awmif;aeovdk/ ol
arharhudk jyHK;jyvdkuf\/
]aq;aomufr,f rymkwfvm;}
]aomufr,f}
rdcif tenf;i,f pdwfwnfjidrfoGm;onf/
6
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
a0vGif/
rymkwfuymkwfurdef;r qdkaomtoHk;teSKef;ajumifh a0vGifhudk tm;emoGm;onf/ arar tJ'Dvdk rajymygeJ h/ ol h&ifxJrSm
xd&Semusifvm\/
odk haomf pdwfxdcdkufaeonfh rdcifudk ol tavSsmhay;&rnf/ ol rdcifvufudk eSpfodrfhjyHK;jzifh qGJ,lqkyfudkifrdonf/
***
7
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(2)
]ymJvdk}
odk haomf wpf1mufu pdwfavSsmhoGm;jyD/ wdwfqdwfaeaom w,fvDzkef;udk olayawjyD; em;axmifaeao;onf/ jyD;rS
tomjyefcsvdkufonf/
a0vGifrsm;vm;/
a0vGif reufjzef jyefa&mufrnf/
avqdyfrSm vmrjudkedkifajumif; tD;ar;vfjzifh vSrf;awmifyefaom rdrdpmudk a0vGifzwfjyD; pdwfwdkvdk hvSrf;qufwm
jzpfrnfvm;/
olw,fvDzkef;udk 1m,ftcsdefrSmrsm; jyefjrnfvmOD;rvJymk arSsmfvifhwjuD; apmifhaeonf/ ig;rdepf/ q,frdepf/
w,fvDzkef;u wdwfqdwfaecJhonf/
ymefraqmif1mJ yGifhvif;pGm &,farmwwfaom a0vGifh toHudk olvGrf;onf/ olajymaeus 'óeyHkjyif twdktpwdk hudk
jyefajymygOD;ymk eSpfoufwwfaom a0vGifhrsufvHk;av;awGudk olvGrf;onf/ a0vGifpdwfaumufrSmudk awG;rd&HkeSifhyif
&ifxJu emusifvmcJhonf/
uHqdk;vSygvm;/
8
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]a0vGif}
pufjzifh oGif;xm;aom toHu &yfroGm;/ ol hpum;udkvnf; 1m,folrS jum;rS rymkwfrSef; olodonf/
a0vGifhw,fvDzkef; rymkwf1ml;vm;/ zkef;u 1mmjzpfaeygvdrfh/
a0vGif/
9
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(3)
]'DrSmjunfh a0vGifhudk ay;zkd hyef;pnf;/ reufu aps;oGm;&if; wdk h0,fjyD; a&pdrfxm;cJhwm/ a0vGifhtwGufav}
olajymonfhtcg a0vGifu rsufapmif;xdk;onf/
]awmfyg/ n&Spfem&Dtxd ra&mufvmwJhvlu 1m,ftcsdefa&mufvmrSmvJ/ wdk hrS rvm&if awG hju&rSm rymkwf1ml;/
]wdk hzkef;qufw,fav}
]zkef;qufwmu vludk jrif&wmrS rymkwf1mJ}
a0vGifu rsufeSmajumwif;wif;eSifh a&mufuwnf;u enf;enf;rS rjyHK;ao;/
]wdk hvmwJhtxd apmifha&maygha0vGif&,f}
oltm;emaeawmhonf/
]1mmvJ ,l htar tdyfaysmfoGm;rS vmzdk hpOf;pm;xm;ovm;}
olacgif;yJ,rf;rdonf/
]arar aeraumif;1ml; a0vGif}
]tdyf&mxJawmh vJaewm rymkwfyg1ml;}
10
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
11
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
12
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]arar}
araru armhyJjunfhonf/ 1mmrS pum;rajym/
ol ararhvufxJrSm udkifxm;aom "gwfyHkudk tomqGJ,lvdu
k fonf/
]arar aq;aomufcsdefa&mufjyDav}
13
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(4)
***
14
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(5)
]rdef;uav; owd&vm;}
]ymkwfuJh}
]uGrf;&GufjyKwfa&av;eJ hief;aq;av;aomufvdkuf}
]rif;touf 1m,favmuf&SdjyDvJ}
15
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]q,fhajcmufeSpfyg}
oDv&SifjuD; rsufarSmifwGef hauG;oGm;wmaygh/
uGsefrudk ausmif;rSm aezdk hcGifhrjyKcsif1ml;/ uGsefr oDv&SifjuD;udk ajczufjyD; awmif;yefzdk h pOf;pm;w,f/ tm;u r&Sd/
avmavmq,fq,frSm warS; tdyfcsifvSjyD/ ta0;ajy;um;*dwfawGrSm tdyfp&m ae&mr&SdcJh1ml;av/ cHkwef;&awmhvJ
rdef;uav;rdk hvHkjcHKrSKtwGufpdk;&drfylyef& arS;ceJtdyfaysmfrvdk&Sdwkef; ajcoHjum;&ifumuG,fzkd h tqifoifh taetxm;eJ h
ae&mwm rymkwfvm;/
rD;zdkawGxJu aEG;aeao;wJhjymawGudk usHK;jyD; oef h&Sif;ava&;pvkyfw,f/ jurf;jyifawGudk a&0wfeJ hokwfjyD; oef hpif
atmif wdkufw,f/ jywif;aygufoHwdkifawGrSmwifaewJh usyfcdk;awG acs;awGudk yGwfwdkufypf&w,f/ 'eftdk;awGuawmh
xif;rD;zdkqkdawmh &Gmutwkdif;yJ/ rD;cdk;rSdKif;txyfxyfeJ hrJwl;aejyD/ 'gayrJh 'eftdk;tem;awG tzHk;awGudkawmh wdkufcGswf
aq;ay;vdkufw,f/
]uGsefr oufomygw,f}
16
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
17
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(6)
]uHhaumfrsm;vm; arar}
18
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]aymmAsm}
ol tck&ufydkif;wGif wwfedkiforSs a0vGifymlonfhemrnfudk xnfhrajymrdatmif owdxm;aecJhonf/ rdcif\ylyif
aomuudk xyfqifhrwdk;apvdkaomajumifh jzpfonf/ rdrd1m0wGif a0vGifqdkwmr&SdcJhovdkvdk aerdonf/ ntcsdef
zkef;qufvSsifvnf; arartdyfaysmfrS {nfhcef;rS zkef;jzifh pum;ajymonf/
]araruav juHjuHzefzef avSsmufawG;w,f/ uGsefawmf 'Dudk wpfcgrSa0vGifeJ h rvmzl;1ml;/ wu,f/ 'Dudk &nf;pm;eJ h
vm&rSm &Sufp&mjuD; arar&J h/ uGsefawmfwdk hu aumfzDqdkifwdk hpm;aomufqdkifwdk hrSmyJ xdkifpum;ajymjuwm}
araru r,Hkyg1ml; ymlonfh tjyHK;jzifh ol hudk rsufarSmifjuKwfonf/ rawG h&wmjumaom ararhcspfpedk; rsufvHk;udk
jrif&awmh ol aysmfoGm;onf/
]arT;vdkufwmaemf arar}
19
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]rcl;eJ h}
rdcifu wm;jrpfonf/
]rcll;yg1ml; arar&J h}
]'DrSmjunhf arar}
]a&mh arar}
20
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]1mmeJ hqufvdkufwmvJ}
]tJ'g ynmav}
t&kPfwGif nSdK;EGrf;oGm;aom
yef;rsm;onf vnf;aumif;
oJuEÅ&xJwGif avvGifhaeaom
prf;acsmif;onf vnf;aumif;
rqHk;&SHK;ao;/
þonfudk igod\/
***
21
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(7)
'umav; a'gufwmrif;OmPf
q&mav; pmjyefa&;vdkufygonf/
22
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
reSif;rSKefu q&mjuD;udk avSsmufawmh q&mav;u at; aumif;w,fymk ajymvdkufonf/ odk haomf rESif;rSKefu
csufcsif;yif jiif;qef\/
]oDv&SifawGu jidrf;csrf;wmawmh trSefyg&J h/ 1mkef;juD;awGavmufawmh ta&;ay; tjunfndKrcH&1ml;/ vlawGvdkyJ
qGrf;qefudk xrif;jzpfatmif csufjyKwf&/ ol htpkeJ hol tdk;cGJcsufjyKwfpm;ju&mwmrdk h ol hxrif; udk,hfxrif; ol hqef
udk,fhqef? ol hiyd udk,fh iyd a0&jcrf;& xdef;&odrf;&eJ h}
tawG;awGudk wwGwfwGwf &Gwfaeawmhw,f/ 'geJ hyJ q&mav;uyJ jznfhajymvdkufao;ygw,f/
]ymkwfw,f/ 'Dhxufqdkwm&Sdao;w,f/ cyfacsmacsm oDv&Sifqdk&if vHkjcHKa&;twGuf pdwfylyif&ao;w,f/ oDv&Sifudk
omoemzsufrJh a,musfm;awG &Sdwwfao;ouGJ h}
1mk&m;vufxufu edygwfawmfwpfckudk reSif;rSKefodatmif q&mav;uyJ ajymjyvdkufygonf/
]tvGefvSywJh 1mdu©LeDrudk a,musfm;wpfa,mufu cspfjudkufvdk hvdkufpum;ajymowJh/
]igu 1mk&m;omomemudk vdkufemwJh 1mk&m;orD;yg/ wumawmf roifhawmfyg1ml; vdk h jiif;y,fwm;jrpfayrJh ymdkvlu
vufravSsmh1mJ 1mdu©LeDr&J htvSudom wwGwfwGwf csD;rGrf;aeowJh/
]rif;&J hrsufvHk;tpHkymm aomuf&SL;ju,fvdk awmufy0if;vuf ta&mifawmifjzmxGufaewm vSvdkufwm/
23
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tdk ymkwfvm;}
xkdpum;ajumifh reSif;rSKeftm;wufoGm;&Smonf/
]OmPfynmaygh wumrav;&,f}
24
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
q&mav; a':oD&dacrm
0domcg ausmif;wdkuf
jynfjrdK h/
***
25
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(8)
26
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
27
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
28
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]axG;av;pdefarmif 1m,fudkvm&rSmwkef;}
]eSif;rSKef}
]eSif;rSKef} wJh/
]1mmwkef;}
]junfhvJvkyftHk; 1mkef;juD;awGu avSum;atmufu eifu tvTm;vTm;eJ htjrifrawmf1ml;/ tomat;at; xdkifaewm
rymkwf1ml;}
]tdk xdkifedkifyg1ml;/ olrsm;r udk,fvnf; rcsifwmaygh}
29
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tar tdk;uyfcsuf&atmifygawmhf}
30
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
31
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
32
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]arar r,lapcsif&if r,lyg1ml; arar/ uGsefawmfu ararwm;wJh udpöawGudk 1m,feScgrsm; vkyfcJhzl;vdk hvJ}
ararhrsufeSm jyHK;vmonf/ awmolyDyD arar vHk;0 ymefaqmifraumif;ay/
]eSpfcg]
]ymif eSpfcg 1mmawGvJ}
]tdrfuae xGufoGm;wkef;u wpfcg/ tukodkvf tvkyfawG rvkyfygeJ h wm;xm;wJhjum;u ig;uef vkyfwkef;u wpfcg}
ol ymufymufyufyuf &,frdjyD; rdcif ycHk;udk ol hezl;eSifh tomxdwdkufvdkufonf/
]araruvJ tckxd rarhedkifao;1ml;udk;}
]1m,fvdk vkyf arhrvJ/ wpftdrfvHk; qlnHaeatmif uufqufjuD; zGifhjyD; atmfaewm}
ausmfymdef;\oDcsif;udk ararjum;atmif ae ha&m nyg zGifhjyjyD; tcGifhta&; awmif;cJhjcif;udk arartckxd
rSwfrdaeqJygvm;/ ol &,frdjyefonf/
]wHcg;awG ydwfrxm;ygeJ h ydwfrxm;ygeJ h} wJh/
olararh ycHk;udk ayG hzufvdkufonf/
***
33
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(9)
34
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
35
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(10)
jrpfwpf1mufurf;jrdK h/
jrpfa&juD;csdef urf;yg;jydKonfh&Gm/
&wem rOÆL1mk&m;vrf;? oJaomifcHkuGsef;?
,ifa1mmifpmig;?
at;ndK? rvSoef;?
oa1mFmrefusnf;yif teSpfom;zdeyf?
rvS&Sif oeyfzufaq;ayghvdyf/
36
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
37
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]Aka'¨g}
]uGsefawmfhemrnfudk olajymovm;}
]wpfaomif; ymkwfvm;]
]at; wpfaomif;}
]at;yg at;yg}
38
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
vlrSKaA' Sociology wGif ta&;juD;qHk;tajccH jzpfaom Structure vlrSKzGJ hpnf;yHkeSifh Agency at*sifpDwdk h\
oa1mmjzifhyif ol &Sif;jyvdkufonf/
ol pdwf&Snf&Snf jyHK;rdonf/
39
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tdk ukefjyDqdkvm;vkd h}
]a0vGifu tJvdkyJ ajymvm;}
]ymkwfuJh}
]pdwfqdk;vdk hjzpfrSmaygh/ ravmufri 1m,fvkyfvdrfhrvJuG,f? pm;/ aumufnSif;xkyfu juuf}
ol tvGefjudkufaom juufom;aumufnSif;xkyfudk jznfpm;vdkufonf/
]armifrif;OmPf um;r0,fao;1ml;vm;}
]cifAsm]
pm;vufp aumufnSif;vkyf vnfyif;wGif eifoGm;\/
]a':vm 1m,favmuf&vJ}
]1mmawGvJ orD;}
]opfoD;tpHk azsmf&nf z&k(wf) aumhaw;vfav}
40
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]vdr®mvdkufwJh uav;r}
ol eSpfESpfumum jyKH;vdkufrdonf/
tJ'grS 'ku©/ reufjzef eHeuf q&mhqD ararhudk vdkufydk hay;&rnf/ 1m,fvdkvkyf&yghrvJ/ q&mhqD ckepfem&Dta&muf
oGm;&rSmrdk hq&mqDu tjyefusrS a0vGifhudk vdkufydk hay;&rvm;/ odk hrymkwf
41
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(11)
Zefe0g&DeSif;rSKefawGeJ htwl ,kZeyef;eH hawGeJ htwl arG;vmwJh uGsefrom;uav;u uGsefr 1m0rSm &vdkuforSs
wpfckwnf;aom qkvm1mfwpfyg;yg/
ydwfpteSD;jzLjzLav;eJ haxG;xkyfxm;wJh eDwm&J om;uav;udk edk hwdkuf&if; junfhvdk hr0 xdvdk hr0 &ifwvSyfvSyf
junfEl;vdkuf&wm 1mmeJ hrS rwlyg1ml;/ uGsefrymm twdwfumv jzpfpOfawGeJ hta0;juD;a0; wHwdkif;jcm;cJhjyDvdk h pdwfcs
,HkjunfoGm;awmhw,f/
om;udk arG;jyD;jyD;csif; uGsefr &if1mwfay:rSm ylaEG;aewJh udk,fcE¨m ao;ao;av; vmwifvdk haEG;axG;vSdKufzdkoGm;
uwnf;u uGsefrrSm jyD;cJhonfhumvqdkwm r&Sdawmhwmyg/
q,fapmifwGJ/
uspfaeatmif pkxm;wJh rkef hzdk;yJzdk; &wJhydkufqHav;udk qGrf;qefcHxGufwJh oDv&SifjuD; a':oD&dacrmudk ay;jyD;
q,fapmifwGJpmtkyf rSmvdkufygw,f/
42
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
nae tjyefrSm ygvmr,fh pmtkyfav;udk arSsmf&w,f/ ygvmygw,fawmf/ uGsefr vufxJ a&mufvmwJh pmtkyfav;udk
jrwfjrwfedk;edk; udkifwG,f yGwfoyfjunfh&w,f/
43
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
toHav;u csdKvdkufwm/ qdkvdk haumif;vdkufwm/ uGsefr tckxd tvGwf&aewJh uAsmav;/ wpfae huawmif om;u
uGsefrudk jyef&GwfjyvdkufwJh uAsmav;/
]wkd hrsm; oDv&Sifausmif;wdkufrSm trsdK;om;awGudk vufcHxm;zdk hroifhawmf1ml;/ eSifrSKef 'umrav;&J hom; ckepfeSpf
jynfh&ifawmh 'DrSmaevdk hrjzpfawmh1ml; jum;vm;/ wpfae&m&mudk ajymif;ae&r,f}
44
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
tdrf/
0g;wJuav;wpfvHk;uvJ tdrfyJ/
ymkwfwmaygh/ 0domcgausmif;wdkufrSmcsnf; igwpfoufvHk;aeoGm;zkd h1m,fjzpfedkifrvJ/
]rSwfxm; eSifrSKef uav;tem;rSm tEÅ&m,f&SdwJh t&m 1mmrS rxm;&1ml;/ a&aEG;tyl? "g;? uwfaus;? tyf?
cGsefxufwJht&m? toGm;ygwJh t&m? ql;ygwJht&m? rD;avmifwwfwJh t&m? rif; 'Davmufuav;awmif
em;rvnf1ml;vm;/ rif;ajumifhudk uav;u 'ku©a&mufvdrhfr,f/ juyfjuyfowdxm;} wJh/
1mk&m;a&/
toHav;jymtufaeatmif idkaewJh om;uav;&J hajcz0g;av;udk eSKwfcrf;eJ hxduyfae&if; uGsefrudk,fwdkif
idkrdawmhwmygyJ/
tylavmifoGm;wJh om;uav;ajcaxmufudk vdrf;zdk hausmif;tkyfjuD;tdrf aq;oGm;awmif&w,f/ 1m,f&SufedkifyghrvJ/
45
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
ymifhtif;/ uGsefr om;av; usef;rmrS jzpfr,f/ ynmwwfwmuaemufrs om;av; toufa1m;uae a0;zdk hu yxr/
udk,hfudk,fudk OmPfraumif;rSef; odaeawmh q&mav;ajymwJh uav;tem;rSm rxm;&r,fh tEÅ&m,fypönf;pm&if;udk
rSwfpkxJrSm a&;rSwf,l&w,f/
1mk&m;a&/
]'gjzifh tJ'gawGeJ hrupm;ckdif;&1ml;ayghaemf}
46
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]rod1ml; arar}
at;av/ 1m,fodekdifrvJ/ ar;vdk hom ar;&wm/
***
47
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(12)
om;uav;
om;uav; zwfzdk h
(1337ck jymodkvqkwf 14&uf)
wpfavmuvHk;wGif olt,HkjunfqHk; trSefw&m;u ararharwÅmyJ jzpfonf/
ararhpum;awGudk wdwfwdwfuufqufjzifh em;axmifjyD; uGefysLwmpmvHk;rsm;jzifh udk,fwdkif pmpDyHkeSdyf xkwf,lcJhaom
pm&GufrSwfwrf;rsm;udk ol jrwfedk;pGm odrf;qnf;onf/ tcsdeftm;&wdkif; zwfcsifonf/ oJvGefp&Smzdk hvnf; ygyg&J h/
aocsmonfh tajumif;uawmh xdkpmrsm;onf arara&;jc,fcJhaom om;\1m0yefcsDum;xJu ararh aumufajumif;
rsm; jzpfonf/ ol htwGuf cGeftm;awG ay;onfh pmwrf;awGjzpfonf/ oGm;av&modk ho,f,loGm;rnf/ jynfyc&D;odk h
xdkpm&Gufrsm;udk ,loGm;rnfymk qHk;jzwfonf/ ararh "gwfyHkeSifh twlwlaygh/
48
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(13)
]at; orD;&J hom;av;udk pmzwfatmif usifhay;wm aumif;w,f/ jrefrmpmcsnf; rymkwf1ml; t*FvdyfpmvJwwfrS uG/
tJ'gudk rarheJ hjum;vm;}
q&mav;uawmh owday;w,f/
49
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tif;}
]arar pdwfwdkoGm;vm;}
50
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
51
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(14)
]a0vGif aeaumif;w,faemf}
]aumif;w,f]
]arara&m aeaumif;vm;/ arar1mmvdk havqdyfrygvmwmvJ}
]aus;Zl;wifvdkufwm a0vGif&,f}
tdrfjyefa&mufawmh ararhudk tdyf&may:rSm rawG h&1mJ {nfhcef;xJrSm awG h&ojzihf eJeJ pdwfcsrf;omrdonf/
ol rdcif\vufudk axG;qkyfvdkufonf/
]arar aeaumif;vm;]
]at; aumif;ygw,f}
a0vGifjyefoGm;onfhtcg
]arar a0vGifeJ hae&wm tqifajyvm;} ymk ar;rdonf/
52
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]1mmawG ajymovJ}
olrsufarSmif jukwfrdoGm;onf/
]ukvm;rav; wpfa,muf}
]rymkwf1ml; wjcm;edkifiHrSm}
53
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
jyXmef;xm;wJh edkifiHuvnf; urÇÇmay:rSm eJeJav;/ av;ig;edkifiHyJ/ rlqvif edkifiHawG/ olwdk hvnf; tck tJ'Dtwdkif;
rpD&ifawmhyg1ml;/ ao'Pfvdk hom ajymwm}
]a0vGifuajymawmh}
]ymm tJ'Da0vGifu 1mmodrSmwkef;/ olu jum;zl;em;0awG avSsmufajymwm/ uGsefawmfu todqHk;aygh/ araru
uGsefawmfhudk r,Hk1ml;vm;/ uGsefawmfu edkifiHwuma&mufaewmyg/ aemufjyD; edkifiHwumu owif;awGudkvnf;
pdwf0ifwpm; em;axmifaewmyg arar&J h}
olrjiif;edkifyg/
]rodem;rvnfvdk hyJjzpfjzpf twif;tjuyf odrf;oGif;cH&vdk hyJ jzpfjzpf toJeifhatmif cspfrdoGm;vdk hjzpfjzpf rdef;rawGymm
e,fuGsHcHvdkuf&&if AdkufjuD; &awmhwmyJ/ ,lvdk h rjzpfwJh vleJ hqkd&if tJ'gao'Pfayghaemf/ twlusL;vGefwJh a,musfm;
awGusawmh 1mmvdk h ao'Pfuae vGwfaewmvJ}
ol hpum;aemufodk hararygrvmcJhay/
***
]ymif 1mm}
54
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]a0vGif]
a0vGifhpdwfu cufxefjurf;wrf;vScsnfvm;/
]tif;}
]at;av jyD;wmyJ/ aemufudk a':av;a&S hrSm owfwm jzwfwmawG rajymawmhyg1ml;/ pdwfcs/ 'geJ hudkOmPf}
]ymif}
]a':av;u wdk hudk vufxyfawmhrSmvm;vdk har;aew,f/ wdk hu vufxyfrSmvdk h ajzvdkufw,f}
]ymif 1m,fwkef;uvJ}
]udkOmPfoGm;jyD; aemufnyJ}
]udkOmPf 1mm&DwmvJ}
]tdk ymkwfygw,f/ 'gyJ wdk hrapmifhcsifawmh1ml;uG,f/ araruawmh ajymw,f/ wdk h vufxyf&if uGef'dkrDeD,rfwpfcef;
vufzGJ hr,fwJh}
55
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
56
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(15)
]ymkwfvm;ymif}
]ymkwfygw,f/ 'gu ,Ofaus;wJh vl htzGJ htpnf;rSm r&SdoifhawmhwJh pD&ifrSKvdk h tm;vHk;u vufcHaejujyDav/ 'geJ h
ajymygOD;/ tJ'DedkifiHrSmae&&if rif;vJ ausmufwHk;eJ hxkowfcH&rSm vdk h 1mmjzpfvdk hajymwmvJ}
q&mav;u ajymw,f/
57
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
rxl;awmh1ml;av/ tazu ol hudk,fol tazvdk hac:rcHcsifrSawmh om;u trSeftwdkif; odzdk hvdkaeao;vdk hvm;/
oDv&SifjuD; a':OmPpm&Du uGsefrnmawmhr,fqdkwmudk odaeawmh cyfwnfwnfyJ uGsefrudk apmifhjunfhaew,f/
wu,fawmh q&mav;u uav;tazemrnfudk odrxm;yg1ml;/ uGsefr wpfcgrS rajymzl;yg1ml;/ 'gayrJh
uGsefrajymvdkufwJhemrnfu trSefjzpfrvm; trSm;jzpfrvm;awmh olu tuJcwfedkifrSmaygh/
'gayrJh uGsefrrSmawmh tJ'Dtcsdefu pjyD; om;eJ hywfowfwJh udpöawGrSm tztrnf OD;pHvS vdk hzwf&a&;&wdkif;
eSvHk;om;awG yJhajuGrwwf emusif&ygw,f/
***
58
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(16)
]olwdk hjyefeSifhjyD}
]ymkwfuJhyg}
udkpHvS&Sdawmh uGsefr tazmf&wmayghvdk hyJ awG;rdw,f/ olu a&S huae a,musfm;ajcvSrf;eJ hcyfoGufoGufoGm;aecdkuf
uGsefru aemuf1mufrSm/ uef hvef hjzwf aygufaewJh Al;yifEG,fyifawG yJyifEG,fudk cvkyfwdkufvdkuf/
cHkzdeyfuGswfusefvdk h jyefvSnfh ajcaxmufvSsdKvdkuef J haygh/ cyfvSrf;vSrf;a&mufoGm;jyD;rS udkpHvSu pdwfrcsovdk
vSnfhjunfhvSnfhjunfheJ hapmifhaew,f/
59
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]&ygw,f]
]oGm;yg}
uGsefrudk a&S huoGm;eSifhcdkif;jyD;awmh olu aemufu vdkufvmw,f/
]ymkdwpfae hnaeu yJcif;xJrSm ajrGawG hvdk hwJh axG;av;odef;armifwdk hajymaejuw,f/ aemufwpfcgqdk tazmfawGeJ h
twljyef vlrsm;&if ajrGajy;w,f}
]ymkwf}
]ymifhtif; awmfjyD}
1m,fvdkjuD;wkef;/
ol uGsefrudk vufxyfr,fvdk hajymw,f/ oleJ hol hrdef;r rpdk;juD;eJ hu odyftqifrajy1ml; qdkvm;yJ/ olajymwJhpum;
av/ 'gayrJh uGsefr ol hudk vufrxyfcsif1ml;/ uGsefr at;ndKudkyJ vufxyfcsifwmav/
60
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
61
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(17)
xdk haemuf
1m,fvdkpjyD; a0vGifhudk erf;rdoGm;ygvdrfh/
a0vGif 0&HwmrSm rwfwwf&yfvdkufonfhtcsdefu pcJhonf/
a0vGifhwpfudk,fvHk;u t0ga&mifykd;xnfwpfpjzpfaecJhonf/ avjzifh wvGifhvGifhvSKyfcwfaeaom t0ga&mifav;/
]a0vGif}
t0ga&mifudk z,fvdkufawmh tjzLa&mif/
62
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
t0ga&mifay:rSm aemufxyft0ga&mif
aemufxyf t0ga&mif/
]a0vGif}
rjzpfoifhyg1ml;/
]a0vGif udk,fa0vGifhudk vufxyfzkd hrjzpfedkif1ml;}
63
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]a0vGif}
ol h&ifxJrSm pl;pl;&S&S emusifvm\/
]tdk}
a0vGif qwfqwfcgatmif emusifoGm;yHk&onf/
***
64
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(18)
ol xdkpmtkyfudk udkifjunfhvdkufonf/
]tif;]
ol xdkpmtkyfudk tdyf&ma1m;rSm csxm;aomfvnf; vHk;0 aumufudkifrzwfawmhwm pwkw¬wef;txd/
wu,fawmh ol hudk pmzwf0goemtpysdK;ay;vdkufonfu wpfywfwpfcg xGufaom a&TaoG;&kyfpHkpmtkyfjzpf\/
a&TaoG;&kyfpHku wpftkyfvHk; ta&mifpHk/ wpfajumif;qG yef;csDawGu cspfp&m aumif;onf/ vltdkjuD;awGuvnf;
cspfp&m? yef;yifawGuvnf; cspfp&m? &dk;om;olawGuvnf; cspfp&m? yef;yifawG opfyifawGuvnf; cspfp&m? wdrfawG
awmifawGuvnf; cspfp&maumif;onf/
65
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
vef heSifh aumufudkifjzpfonf/ odk haomf &ufydkif;twGif;rSmyif q,fapmifwGJ pmtkyfxJu pmawGudk em;vnfedkifzdk h
zwf&wmvG,fulapzdk hvSsdK h0Sufcsufudk odoGm;onf/
okworÜaEém? okweSifh jynhfpHkaom ? y@dawm? ynm&Sdonf? ,wå tjuift&yfü tw¬Dwd &Sd\ ymlí apokawm?
tu,fíjum;jim;tHh? wHXmeH? xdkt&yfodk h? okawodem? okwudk &Smaom trsdK;aumif;om;onf? rymkómayme?
onf;pGmtm;xkwfojzifh? *EÅAH0? oGm;&momvSsifuwnf; ymlaom pmydk'fwGif olonf ol hrsufpdwGif cufcJ&SKyfaxG;
aeaom yg|dpmvHk;rsm;udk csefvSyfjyD; jrefrmpmawGudkcsnf; aoaooyfoyf judk;pm;vsuf a&G;ul;oGm;onf/
xkdtcg olrSwfpkü olul;jyD;aom pmonf tckvdk &Sif;vif;oGm;onf/
]okweSifh jynfhpHkaom ynm&Sdonf tjuift&yfü&Sd\ ymlí tu,fí jum;jim;tHh/ xkdt&yfudk okwudk &Smaom
trsdK;aumif;om;onf onf;pGm tm;xkwfojzifh oGm;&mom vSsif uwnf;}
66
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
olvl&m0ifcsifonf/ ol 1m,fvdkvkyf&yghrvJ/
67
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
arar 0rf;omauseyfaeonfudk junfhjyD; olaysmfygonf/ odk haomf xdktcsdefupjyD; rdcifeSifh ol\uGJjym;qef husifonfh
y#dyu©udk olowdxm;rdvmcJhonf/
araronf ol txifjuD;av;pm;csifonfh rdcifrsdK; rymkwfcJh/ 1m,fawmhrSvnf; jzpfvmrSm rymkwf/ araronf
ynmOmPfenf;olom jzpfaecJhonf/ 1m,fpum;udk ajymvSsif wnfjunfonf/ 1m,fpum;udk ajymvSsif
vlav;pm;rnfymk ararrod/ ararrodwmudk olu &Sif;jyzkd hjudk;pm;onfhtcg araruem;axmifygonf/ odk haomf
em;rvnf/ em;vnf csifa,mif aqmifaewmom jzpfonf/
68
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tHr,f 1mmvJ rif;OmPf eifhudk igrydkif1ml;vdk hajymcsifwmvm;/ igydkifw,f/ tck roGm;eJ h qdk eifroGm;&1ml;}
olacgif;wpfcsuf ukwfvsuf 1mGm;oDvudkyJ ajy;ac:&rvm; tjuHxkwfonf/ odk haomf 'Dtcsdefu 1mGm;oDvwkd h
pm0gcsonfh oifwef;tcsdef/ ol ymdkjunfhonfjunfhjzifh ol pmtkyfpifrSm &Sdaom pmtkyfwdk hudk jrifonf/ pmtkyfawG
xJrSm olzwfzl;aom pmwdk hjzifh ararhudk em;0ifatmif ajymedkifrvm;ymk tm;udk;rdonf/
]rif;&J huav;awGymm rif;&J huav;awG rymkwf1ml;/ olwdk hymm 1m0&J hudk,fwdkifrGwfodyfrSK &J hom;awG orD;awGyJ
jzpfw,f/
]rif;udk,fcE¨mxJuae jzwfjyD; olwkd hvl havmuxJudk a&mufvmjuw,f/ 'gayrJh tJ'g rif;qDuae a&mufvmwm
rymkwf1ml;/
]aemufjyD; rif;eJ htwl olwdk h&SdaeayrJh olwdk hudk rif;rydkif1ml;}
]1mmajymw,f]
]arar em;axmiftHk; 'DrSm 'Dpum;av;u odyfvSwm/ oifu olwdk hudk cspfjcif; arwåmudk ay;tyfedkifvdrfhr,f/ 'gayrJh
oifhtawG;awGudk ray;ekdif/ olwdk hrSm olwdk hudk,fydkif tawG;awG &Sdaeaomajumihf/
]oif olwdk h\tdrfawGudk aqmufay;ekdifvdrfhrnf/ okd haomf olwkd hemrf0dOmOfawGudk aqmufray;ekdif/ tajumif;rSm
69
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
olwdk h\0dOmOfwkd honf reufjzef\ tdrfxJrSm a&muf&Sdaeaomajumifh/ olwdk h\tdrfudkvnf; oifu oGm;a&muf
vnfywfzkd h rjzpfedkif&Hkomru tdyfrufxJawmif rvnfywfedkifaomajumifhwJh}
]olwdk heJ hwlatmif oifjudk;pm;tm;xkwfaumif; tm;xkwfvdrfhrnf/ okd haomf olwdk hudk oifeSifhwlatmif jyKvkyfzkd hawmh
rjzpfedkif/ 1m0qdkonfrSm aemufjyefvnf; roGm;? rae hu qDodk hvnf; roGm;aomajumifh jzpfonf/
]oifhudk,fcE¨monf ouf&Sdjrm;rsm; jzpfaom om;orD;wdk hudk a&S hudk ypfvTwfxkwfay;&onfh av;wpfckom}
***
70
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(19)
ol h1m0\wHcg;wpfcsyfudktjyD;tydkifydwfvdkuf&vdk hvm;rod/ararh1m0xJrSydwfxm;aomwHcg;wpfcsyfuyGifhoGm;cJhonf/
araru rsufarSmifjuKwfpOf;pm;onf/
]usrf;udkifuGsef;wJh}
]at; ymkwfw,f om; 1m,fvdkodovJ}
]q&mjuD;u ajymwm/ jrdK huawmh vG,foGm;ygjyD/ jrefrmjynfrSm a&eHwGif;awG &SdwJhae&mu vufcsdK;a&vdk h&w,f/
acsmuf? a&eHacsmif;? rif;1ml;? jrefatmif tdk uGsefawmf tifwmeufuae &Smjunfhr,f/ od&if uGsefawmf we*FaEGeJ h
aygif;jyD; cGifhoHk;&uf ,lvdkufr,f/ oGm;&atmif}
]aymm'D rsufeSmeJ hyJaygh arar/ vm rSefxJrSm junfhyg ararhrsufeSmudk/ 1m,favmuf owåd&SdvdkufwJh rsufeSmvJ}
71
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
* **
72
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(20)
73
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
taru pum;ajym jurf;w,f/ tarrS rymkwfyg1ml;av/ uGsefrwdk hwpf&GmvHk;u tarawG tukef tajymtqdk
jurf;wmygyJ/ uGsefru tarhudk &Gmausmif;rSm pmvmoifoGm;wJh qGJcef hq&mrav; a':csdKcsdKoif;vdk El;nHhodrfarG h
apcsifw,f/ q&mrav;pum;ajym&if wdk;wdk;jiifom/ pum;oHuvnf; emrnfeJ hvdkufatmif csdKjrvdk h/
at'if&,f cspfol&,f t&dyfwl at'ifrSm rif;r&Sd&if aw;oHrcsdK yef;awGidk aeru yl wJh/ at;ndKqdkwJh oDcsif;av/
odyfaumif;wJh pmom;av;awGyJ/
ae ruyl qdkwJhpum;vHkudk uGsefr judkufw,f/ &GmrSm opfyifjuD;juD;&,fvdk htvGef&Sm;yg; awmh aeu tvGefylyJ/
wpfxGmomom vHk;ywfyifpnftyifawGyJ &Sdw,f/ &Gmu twnfwusr&Sd1mJ a&jrKyfvdkuf ae&ma&T hvdkufqdkawmh
opfyifjuD;juD;rm;rm; rjzpfawmh1ml;/ pdkufjyD;om; opfyifuvJ ta0;rSm usefcJhwmeJ hurf;yg;jydKvdk hygoGm;wmeJ h/
aeyl'Pfudk uGsefrwkd hu todqHk;aygh/ aEGaejyif;jyif;atmufrSm oJaomifcHku tylaiG h awG ymyf wHvSsyfawG
wnD;nD;eJ hacgif;awG udkufvmatmif ylwJh aetyludk uGsefrodw,f/
74
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
tJ'Dae hwpfae hvHk; taru uGsefrudk udkif;pdkufcif;xJ rvTwfcJh1ml;/ xrif;awmif rpm;1mJ tdyfcef;av;xJrSmyJ
vSJtdyfvdkuf xxdkifvdkuf pdwfnpfaecJhwJh uGsefrudk taru aoG;aq;eJ hojum; azsmfwdkufcJhw,f/
tJ'Dwkef;u tpfru &Gmawmifzsm;u udkatmifarmif;eJ h&nf;pm;jzpfaewm/ tpfrrdk;twGuf taru pdwfawG
ylaewwfw,f/ enf;enf; tdrfjyefaemufus&if uGsefrudk aemufu vdkufcdkif;w,f/
tarhudkajymawmh-
]tar usKyfajumufw,f}
taru uGsefrudk tdrfxJu tdrfjyifrxGufeJ hwJh/ v&ifhoGm;&if tJ'DvufonfjuD;qDrSm uav; oGm;arG;&r,f/ jyD;&if
tomjyefvmcJh/ uGsefru toufi,fi,fav;rdk htdrfaxmif&ufom;aumif;aumif; usedkifao;w,f/ 'Dudpöudk
1m,folrS rodatmif zHk;zdxm;r,f/
75
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]awmfhajumifh awmfyufpufvdk husKyfrSmawmh AdkufjuD;aejyD/ awmfu 'DrSm tcef hom;ayghav/ usKyfuyJ t&SufuGJ
cH&r,f/ 'Dvkdvm;}
]ym eSif;rSKef eifpdwfrS eHS hao;&J hvm;/ 1mmawG vmajymaewmvJ} wJh udkpHvSu/
ajumufuefuefjyD; ZGwfjiif;awmh uGsefr a'goudk qGay;vdkufovdk e*dk'Pf&mudk wkwfeJ h qGvdkufovdk jzpfoGm;awmh
wmaygh/
76
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
uGsefr rcHcsif1ml;/
rSm;cJhwmawmh ymkwfw,f/ 'gayrJh uGsefrwpfa,mufwnf;rSm;wm rymkwf1ml;/
uGsefr tjyifrxGuf&1ml;/ tpfrrdk;vnf; odyfawmh tjyifrxGufawmh1ml;/ tarudk,fwdkifvJ aps;roGm;oavmufyJ/
tdrfrSm&SdwmudkyJ vSnfhywfcsufpm;ju&w,f/ wpfcgvmvJ yJ&Gufokyf? wpfcgvmvJ ukvm;yJymif;? wpfcgvmvJ
tdrfaemufaz;u rkefvm&Gufymif;csdK/ ydkufqHoHk;p&mr&Sdawmhvdk haps;udk ukefpdrf;oGm;a&mufzdk htcsdefusvmwmawmif
om;trd oHk;a,mufvHk; ayawjyD; tdrfwGif;ykef;aeju&w,f/
uGsefrav 0#fajuG;wdk h1mmwdk heJ hwwfoa&G hrSwfoa&G hw&m;eJ hajzzdk hjudk;pm;ygw,f/ r&1ml;/ wpfae hwjcm; juD;vmwJh
udk,fhAdkufudk ukd,fiHk hjunfhwdkif; ighajumifh tar&Suf&jyD vdk hawG;rdw,f/ uGsefr tarhudk oem;w,f/
vlawGrSm pdwf"gwftwuftusu jrpfa&twuftus vdkyJxifyg&J h/ tarhpdwf"gwfuvJ wufvdkufusvdkuf uGsefrudk
tm;ay;vdkuf rsuf&nfprf;prf;eJ hidkvdkuf/
77
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(21)
a&eHacsmif;/
om;trdeSpfa,muf c&D;onfwif ta0;ajy;um;jzifh a&eHacsmif;odk hc&D;xGufcJhjuonf/
]at; ymkwfom;yJ}
78
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]om;}
ol jAKef;ceJ edk;oGm;avonf/
a&eHacsmif;onf ukef;tqif;twufawG aygaom ajcmufaoG h0gndKaom jrdK hwpfjrdK hjzpfonf/
um;vrf;a1m; ta0;wpfae&mrSm a&eHwGif;wl;pifrsm;udk eHeufcif;tvif;a&mifysysrSm jrif&onf/
olar;awmh araru pdwfvSKyf&Sm;aom rsufvHk;rsm;jzifh ymdkymdkonfonf &SmazGovdk junfhonf/ xkd haemuf ymifhtif;
rod1ml;ymk ajymonf/
]tJ'g {&m0wDjrpfaygh}
]aps;u a0;ovm;As}
79
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]aumif;jyDav/ 'gjzifh jrif;vSnf;ay:rSmyJ ypönf;awG xm;jyD; vlvdkuf&Smjuwmaygh/ q&mjuD; uGsefawmfwdk hudk aps;yJ
t&ifydk hay;ygAsm/ jyD;awmh em&D0ufwpfem&Davmuf apmifhay;yg/ usoavmuf ay;ygr,f cifAsm}
xkd haemuf xkdifcHkrygaom jrif;vSnf;ay:wGif olua&S hu araru aemufu/ cGmoHwcGyfcGyf 1mD;vdrfhoH wusDusDjzifh
jrif;vSnf;av;u wtdtd armif;eSifavonf/ ukef;jrifhtwufvrf;av;udk wufjyD;rS aps;odk ha&mufonf/
80
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]rrdk;apG}
]rrdk;apG usKyfrod1ml;/ 1m,f&GmuvJ}
]usrf;udkifuGsef;uyJ}
]1m,f&GmuvJ ymif]
]uGsefr z&JuGsef;u}
81
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tif; usrf;udkifuGsef;u}
]a':av;&Sifudk odvm;}
]a':av;&Sif}
ta':juD; cPawG a0aeonf/
]1m,f&GmuvJ}
]usrf;udkifuGsef;uav}
]usrf;udkifuGsef;u &GmawG trsm;juD;&,f/ q,fhwpf&Gmawmif &Sdwm/ 1m,f&GmuvJ}
1mk&m; 1mk&m;/ ol hudk,fay: ararhudk,fcE¨m ,dkifEGJ husvmonf/ ol ararhudk ycHk;rS zufayG hum tomxdef;vdkuf&\/
]ymkwfuJh}
82
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
83
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(22)
]awmfh 1m,feSydómygvmcJhwkef;}
]av;ydómcGJavmufygawmf}
]1m,favmuf aps;&wkef;}
]wpfydómudk &Spf&mhig;q,f&w,f}
84
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]'DeSpfurf;yg;jydKao;vm;As}
]awmfwdk h&GmeJ hvGwfayrJh usKyfwdk h&GmeJ hrvGwf1ml;awmfh eJwJha&rSKwf1ml;/ wGJ1mufpmoifausmif;a&T hvdkuf&wm Opöm}
wGJ1muf pmoifausmif;/
]aymmymdku a':av;&Sif&J hajr;ygawmf/ vHk;yka& eifht1mGm;udk awG hzkd hwJh jrdK hu{nfhonf ygoymJh}
]vmyg tpfudk}
]nDrav; t1mGm;aeaumif;vm;}
]odyfawmh raumif;1ml;}
85
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
wu,fawmh olr aeraumif;yg/ awmfawmfudk aevdk hraumif;yg/ uwkefu,if ajcrcdkif ,dkifEGJ haeonfrSm aymmonf
jrpfajumif;cGJav;xJodk ha&mufatmif oJaomifjyifjuD;udk vSnf;jzifh jzwfoef;vmuwnf;uaygh/
]at;yguG,f}
86
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
87
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(23)
]1m,fuvmwJh {nfhonfawGwkef;}
]tpfrrdk;}
tpfrrdk;ymk ac:vdkufol {nfhonftrsdK;orD;udk rrdk;apGu tvef hwjum; ikH hjunfh\/ avmujuD;wpfckvHk;rSm oludk
tpfrrdk;ymk ac:olonf wpfa,mufwnf; &Sdonf/ tJonfwpfa,mufudk aojyDymkyif olxifxm;cJhonf/
]uGsefr eSif;rSKef}
]aymmhawmf}
88
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
tar 1m,frSmygvdrfh/
]eSif;rSKefvm;}
]ymkwfw,f tar}
]tar}
]uav; uav;a&m}
89
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]ymif}
]1mGm;1mGm;}
]1mk&m; 1mk&m;}
***
90
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(24)
]ymkwfvm; 1m,folrsm;ygvdrfh}
]rdk;apG}
]awmf}
]ESif;rSKefa&mufw,fjum;vdk h ymkwfuJhvm;}
]1m,folwkef; tpfrrdk;}
]a'G;rSefav}
]a'G;rSef}
atmfympfajym&if; rrdk;apG tcef;xJrS xGufonf/ jyD;rS wpfckckudk owd&oGm;ovdk reSif;rSKef 1muf vSnfhjunfh\/
]ymif}
]at rdk;apG igwufcJhraemf}
]vmvm}
rrdk;apG tjyifodk ha&mufoGm;onf/
at;ndKtarwJh/
91
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
tdrfay:odk hwufvmaom t1mGm;juD;onf reSif;rSKef rSwfrdaeaom a'G;rSef rymkwfawmhay/ qHyif jzLjzL usJusJ ? a&S h
oGm;eSpfacsmif;usdK;aejyD; csnfjurf;a&Smapmifudk ycHk;ay:rSm odkif;jcHKxm;onfh t1mGm;juD;onf tdyfcef;xJrS xGufvm
aom reSif;rSKefudk rsufvHk;ay:rSm vufumrdk;vsuf rsufpdarS;pif;&SKH hjunfhonf/
]&Sif}
]at;ndKa&mvdk h}
]rod1ml;av}
]at;ndK&GmrSm r&Sdawmhwm eSpfeSpfq,fausmfjyD ath/ igu nnf;eJ hawmh ygoGm;jyD/ wpftkd;wpftdrf xlaxmifaejujyD
xifaewm/ nnf;xGufoGm;wJh nuwnf;u at;ndKvnf; r&Sdawmhwmav/
* * *
92
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(25)
reSif;rSKef\rsufvHk;rsm; rSKef&Da0oGm;onf/
]oltck 1m,fa&mufaevJymif}
93
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
94
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(26)
]1m,folvnf; cifjrdKifvm;}
]usKyfa,mufsm; 'Dvmovm;vdk h}
]tvdkawmf apmfapmfum;um;}
]awmfh orD;a&m}
]ymif}
rpdk;juD;rSef;odawmh eSif;rSKef cPcP ajumiftoGm;onf/
ol 1mmvmvkyfwmvJ/ xlxlylyljzifh tarhtem;odk huyfoGm;onf/
95
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]1mm}
yxrawmh ylxlvsuf aEG;oGm;aom ESKwfcrf;tpHku 1mmpum;rS rxGufvm/ tajctaeudk &dyfrdoGm;aom rpdk;juD;u
olrSef;qcsuf vGJjyDymk odvkdufum tjyif jyefxGufonf/ rpdk;juD; jyefxGufawmhrS eSif;rSKefu a&eHqDykvif;eSifh aygufzkd h
tajy;vdkufonf/
taru qGJxm;onf/
]nnf;ajumifh nnf;ajumifh}
96
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]at;ndK ymkwfvm;}
97
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(27)
eSif;rSKef vG,fxm;aom tdwfav;udk avSxJudk 1mkwfceJ jrnfatmif ypfcsvdkufjyD; tkef;qHjudk;udk jznfzdk h vufvSrf;
vdkufpOfrSmyif ausmxJrSm pdrfhceJ at;pufwkefvSKyfoGm;\/ a&jyifrSm AGrf;AGrf;jrnfaom toHwpfckudk aemufausm
1mufuae jum;vdkuf&avonf/
trav;/ 1mmygvdrfh/
98
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]eSif;rSKef}
]ymif}
]at;ndKvm;ymif}
]at;}
teD;odk hat;ndKa&mufvmonf/
]1m,fudk oGm;rSmvJ}
xdk haemuf at;ndKu eSif;rSKef cufcufcJcJjznfaeaom judk;udk wpfcsufyJ jznfvdkufonf/ xdk haemufjudk;udk avSay:odk h
ypfwifvdkuf\/ judk;vGwfoGm;aom avSu vSdKif;jzifh vl;oGm;onfhtcg at;ndKu avSeH&Hudk xdef;udkifay;onf/
]wuf}
]ymif}
99
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]ymif 1m,fjzpfrvJ}
]1mmvdk hrjzpf&rvJ}
]at;ndK&,f}
]ymifhtif;}
]eSif;rSKef}
]igig eifhudk ,Hkygw,f/ 'gayrJh r&1ml;/ ighrSm AdkufjuD;eJ hav/ ighudk eifr&GH1ml;vm;}
]a&mufyapayghymm/ ightjypfeJ higyJ/ eifu 1mmrSrqdkif1mJ 0ifcHp&mrvdk1ml;/ 'gyJaemf eif jyefrvm; rjyef1ml;vm;/
eifrjyef&if aymmymdk1mufu a&0JxJudk igul;oGm;jyD; owfaoypfvdkufr,f}
100
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tdk aovJ at;wmygyJ/ ao&ifao rao&if 'D&Gmuae vGwfr,f/ igawmh 1mmjzpfjzpf oGm;rSmyJ}
]at;ndK 0J 0J 0J &Sdw,faemf}
101
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]ymif}
]'gjzifh}
102
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]eifvdkufvmcJhaemf eSif;rSKef}
],lk oGm;prf;}
103
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
vSnfhjunfhrdonf/
tarSmifxJwGif &SnfoG,faom oP²mefonf rwkefrvSKyf/ pum;wpfcGef;awmh xyfajymonf/
***
104
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(28)
]rod1ml;]
rdcifu oufjyif;csonf/
]ajym&rvm;ymif}
105
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]rjzpf1ml; arar/ 'gu ararajymjy&rJh udpö/ om;rSm tJ'DtcGifhta&; r&Sd1ml;/ ararhrSmyJ &Sdw,f/ 1mmjzpfvdk hvJqdkawmh
ol hom;udk aemufqHk;awG hjyD; eSKwfqufcJh&wJholu ararav}
]rpm;awmh1ml; a'G;rSef uGsefr a'G;rSefukd ajymp&mwpfck &Sdvkd h/ a'G;rSefwdk hawmifwGif;juD; 1mufrSm aqGrsdK;awG1mmawG
&Sdvm;]
]1mmvdk har;wmvJ}
106
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(29)
aymmaymm'dkif;'dkif; ar;csypfvdkufonf/
]aym]
107
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tckawmh araru 1mmrS vkyfp&m rvdkawmhyg1ml; cifAsm/ uGsefawmhfvkyfpmeJ hyJ om;trdeSpfa,muf ydkvSsHygw,f}
]om;u q&m0efawmfh}
]aym q&m0ef}
olwdk h&GmrSm q&m0efr&Sd/ usef;rma&;rSL;awmif 'D&GmrSmr&Sd/ q&m0efqdkwmudk awG hzdk h a&eHacsmif;txd oGm;&wm/
]1m,faq;&HkrSmvkyfwkef;}
{nfhy&dwfowftv,frSmxdkifvsuf vuf&Sdaexdkifaom &yfvdyfpm? tvkyftudkif vlrSKa&; ponfwdk hudk 'dkifcHajzay;
aeaom vli,fonf tarjzpfol wpfcsdefu &ifqdkifcJh&aom t&Sufwdk hudk wpfpcsif; wpfvTmcsif; jyefvnf
z,f&Sm;ay;aeovdkygyJ ymk rESif;rSKefawG;aeonf/
]ymkwfygw,f cifAs ararhrSm udk,f0efqdkvdk hwpfcgyJ &Sdwm/ tJ'Dudk,f0efu uGsefawmfhudk arG;vmwmaygh/ araru
tdrfaxmifrS rjyK1mJ}
]araru uHraumif;yg1ml; t&D;/ uHqdk;vdk hom rvdrfrdk; rvdrfrmt&G,frSm vlwum wHawG;cGufrSm arsm&wmaygh/
rdef;uav;wpfa,muftaeeJ hrrSm;oifhwJh tjzpfjuD;eJ h juHk&wmaygh/ rdef;rwpfa,muftaeeJ hreSif;rSKefqdkwJh rdef;rymm
trSm;awG trJpufawGeJ hyg/ 'gayrJ rdcifwpfa,muftaeeJ hawmh rESif;rSKefymm pHjyygyJ/ ararhajumifh uGsefawmf
tckvdk vl&m0efwJhom; jzpfcJh&wmyg}
108
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
109
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(30)
]1m,frSm oGm;junfh&rSmwJhvJuG}
110
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]rif;wdk hjrpfaomifcHkrSm urf;yg;awG jydKvdkuf ae&ma&T hvdkufeJ haer,fhtpm; a&eHacsmif;1muf a&T hzdk hraumif;1ml;vm;}
]tpfukduvnf; a&eHacsmif;a&T hzdk hqdkwm ydkufqH&SdrS jzpfwmAs/ aemufjyD; vufcsnf;oufoufa&T h&HkeJ hvJ r&1ml;/
pdkufcif;awG ysdK;ajrawG ,mcif;awGu 1m,fu &rSmvJ/ 'DrSmurS wpfeSpfwpfeSpf pm;avmufatmifawmh tcif;awGu
aiG&ao;wm}
'gvnf; ymkwfwmyJ/
avSqdyfa&mufawmh rif;OmPf acGs;jyefaejyD/ rrdk;apG ,lcdkif;onfh carmufav; ,lvmcJh& taumif;om;ymk awG;onf/
avSu cyfao;ao;wpfpD;wnf;yJ &Sdonf/ tvmwkef;u avSrymkwf/ tvmwkef;uavSu pufjzifh ckwfarmif;onfh
avS/ ,ckavSu avSmfwwfeJ h csnf;avSmfonfhavS/ xdk hajumifh enf;enf; ydkjumavonf/
zdk;wmu avSorm;eSifh twloGm;xdkifjyD; pum;awG ajymvmcdkuf rif;OmPfuawmh {&m0wDjrpfjyifudk
ai;armvmcJhonf/ onfjrpfjyifu wu,fhjrpfjyifrymkwfao;1ml; ymk arar ajymonf/ 'gu aomifcHk\onf1muf
jrpfajumif;tao;wJh/ wu,fh{&m0wDjrpfjyifus,fjuD;u &GmawG&Sd&m aomifcHkjuD;\ymkdk;wpf1mufrSmwJh/ tcsdef&vSsif
awmh &GmawG\ taemufzsm;1muf vrf;avSsmufxGuf&if; tJ'Dwu,fh{&m0wD jrpfjuD;udk oGm;junfhOD;rnfymk olpOf;pm;
vdkufonf/
]tJAs}
zdk;wm cyfwdk;wdk;a&&Gwfvdkuf\/
ol zdk;wmjunfh&m vSrf;junfhonf/
]OD;pHvSjuD;yga&m}
***
111
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(31)
]0,fvmwmawG renf;ygvm;uG]
]ymkwfw,fAs/ t1mGm;twGufyg/}
]&ygw,f OD;juD;}
zdk;wmu jiif;\/ olwdk htem;odk hxdkvluyfvmonfrSm vlcsif;awmif xdvkrwwf jzpfonf/ xkdvlqDrS a&pdkt0wfeH h
eSifhwlaom atmufodk;odk; teH hwpfck&onf/ rif;OmPf cyfa0;a0;odk ha&mufatmif ajcvSrf; tjrefvSrf;vdkuf\/
rif;OmPfajcvSrf;awGu oJjyifrSmrdk hvdk&modk hra&mufonfhrjyif oJxJrSm wpfydkif;ay:aeaom yvwfpwwf a&oef h
ykvif;cGHwpfckudk cvkyfwdkufrdoGm;onf/
112
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]vlav;wdk ht1mGm;aeaumif;vm;}
]raumif;ao;1ml;As}
arar/
113
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
***
114
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(32)
115
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
116
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(33)
]xdkifju xkdifju}
olrxkdifao;1mJ tdrfwGif;ywfvnfudk vSnfhywfjunfhonf/
]vlema&m}
]&Sdw,f/ tcef;xJrSm/ cPem;ygOD;/ a&aEG;jurf;eJ htcsdKrkef hav;pm;yg}
]rpm;awmh1ml;As/ vlemudkyJ junfh&atmifyg}
vlemu tdrfcef;xJrSm &Sdavonf/
117
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
118
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
]tazudk vkyfauGs;wm rif;ukodkvf&rSmyg/ wpfckawmh owdxm;aemf/ ,mcif;u tjyefwdk h 1mmwdk hrSm tazmfawGeJ h
uGJusefcJhwmrsdK;awmh rjzpfatmif*&kpdkuf/ vl,kwfrmqdkwmu eSrt&G,f wlrt&G,f&,fvdk ha&SmifrSm rymkwf1ml;}
ol OD;pHvS\ rsufeSmudk wnfhwnfhjunfhjyD; ajymypfcJh&wm t&om &SdvSonf/ uav;ru xdkpum;aemufuG,fu
t"dyÜg,fudk em;vnfymefrwl1mJ junfjunfvifvifav; jyKH;avonf/
119
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
(34)
120
*sL; Mu,faMuGwdk h&J htawmifyH
olwdk honf tay:xyfavSum;rS wufoGm;jyD; pjuF Hjurf;cif;rSm &yfvsuf tuJcwfjuonf/ pjuF Hacgif;&if;rSm
oydwfaq;&mae&mtjzpf toHk;jyKajumif; jrifawG h &onf/ wpfqifhvSrf;wuf&aom jurf;cif;tjrifhudk wufjyD;rS
ausmif;ay:odk ha&mufonf/
1mkef;juD;rSm toufajcmufq,fausmfcef h&Sdonf/ 00zdkifhzkdifh tom;jzLjzL Oy"d &kyfaumif;onf/toufeSifhtom;t&nf
udk cef hrSef;jyD; 'gawmh OD;at;ndK rymkwf1ml; ymk rif;OmPfodavonf/
1mkef;juD;tm; ygvmaom tm;aq;1ml;rsm;? rkef h1ml;rsm;udk vSL'gef;vsuf uefawmhvdkufonf/
]'gumav;wdk hu 1m,fuwkef;}
]wynfhawmfwdk ha&eHacsmif;1muf usrf;udkifuGsef;uyg1mk&m;}
]atmf a0;oudk;}
]rSefygh1mk&m; 1mkef;1mkef;'Dausmif;rSm oDwif;oHk;wm jumygjyDvm; 1mk&m;}
]at; jumjyDaygh/ &ymef;cHjyDuwnf;u qdkawmh ESpfaygif;eSpfq,favmufawmh &SdrSmaygh}
]wifygh1mk&m;/ wynfhawmfwdk h1mkef;1mkef;udk avSsmufxm; ar;jref;p&mav; wpfck&Sdvdk hyg/ cGifhjyKawmfrlyg 1mk&m;}
]at; 1mmodcsifwkef;}
]vGefcJhwJh ESpfaygif; eSpfq,fhckepfeSpfwkef;u 'Dausmif;udk wpf&Gmom;vli,fwpfa,muf a&mufvmcJhovm;vdk hodyg
&ap/ tJ'Dvlu tck toufxif&Sm;&Sdao;vm;/ 1m,fa&mufoGm;ovJqdkwm}
]'Dausmif;udkawmh wpf&Gmom;awG a&mufa&mufvmjuygw,f/ wcsdK hvJ udk&ifjuD;0wfzdk h wcsdK hvJ teD;tem;u
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129